广东省2023-2024学年高三下4月份二轮复习联考（一）英语试题(解析版)

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1广东省2023-2024学年高三下4月份二轮复习联考（一）英语试题考试时间为120分钟，满分120分第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。APrincetonUniversityArtEventProgramInformationforGaucho:ANewMusicalMarch8-10,2024,inWallaceTheaterPresentedbytheLewisCenterfortheArts’PrograminTheater&MusicTheater.Gaucho:ANewMusicalBook,musicandlyries(歌词)byPrincetonUniversityseniorsAaronVentrescaandEmmuVentresca;directedbylecturerNicuoKrellwithmusicdirectionbyguestartistGiaGan.RunTimeApproximately2hours(includinga10-minuteintermission).SettingInthisnewmusicalsetinnineteenth-centuryArgentina,thegaucho(高乔人)communityofSanAntoniodeAreco(atowninBuenosAiresProvince,Argentina)facesgrowingthreatstoitstraditionalwayoflifefromlargelandowners’newesttechnology-barbed(带刺的)wirefence.AyounggauchonamedMateostrugglestobreakfreefromhisfamily’sdyingwayoflifetobecomeawriter.Thenwithsomehelp,MateoescapestoBuenosAires.There,hemeetsSofia,whoshakeshisnarrow-mindedviewoftheworld.Asmodernitytakesshape,Mateoistornbetweenchoices:hisfamilyortheonehecouldcreate,hiscultureorthemovementsoftheworld.SpecialNotesNoflashphotographypermitted.Pleasesilenceallelectronicdevicesincludingmobilephoneandwatches,andavoidtextmessagingforthedurationoftheperformance.Tickets&DetailsPerformancesarefreeandopentothepublic;advanceticketsrequired.Ifaperformanceislistedassoldout,awaitlistwillbeformedatthedoorwithalimitednumberofticketsavailable.AccessibilityTheWallaceTheaterisanaccessiblevenuewithanassistivelisteningsystem.GuestsinneedofotheraccessaccommodationsareinvitedtocontacttheLewisCenteratleastoneweekinadvanceatlewiscenter@princeton.edu.1.WhocreatedtheGaucho:ANewMusical?A.GuestartistGiaGan.B.Twouniversitystudents.C.LecturerNicoKrell.D.ArtistsintheWallaceTheater.2.Whatisthethemeofthemusical?A.Aromanticlovestory.B.Amovementofculture.C.Thechangeoflifestyle.D.Theimmigrationofacommunity.3.Whatarepeoplerequiredtodotowatchthemusical?A.Payforperformancesinadvance.B.Waitinlineatthedoorofthetheatre.C.ContacttheLewisCenterfortickets.D.Switchofftheirelectronicdevices.【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文，介绍普林斯顿大学一项艺术活动。〖答案〗1.B2.C3.D【1题详析】细节理解题。根据Gaucho:ANewMusical中的“Book,musicandlyries(歌词)byPrincetonUniversityseniorsAaronVentrescaandEmmuVentresca;directedbylecturerNicuoKrellwithmusicdirectionbyguestartistGiaGan.”（书籍、音乐和歌词是由普林斯顿大学大四学生AaronVentresca和EmmaVentresca创作的，由讲师NicoKrell执导，客座艺术家Gia担任音乐指导）可知，两个大学生创作了Gaucho:ANewMusical。故选B项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据Setting中的“Inthisnewmusicalsetinnineteenth-centuryArgentina,thegaucho(高乔人)communityofSanAntoniodeAreco(atowninBuenosAiresProvince,Argentina)facesgrowingthreatstoitstraditionalwayoflifefromlargelandowners’newesttechnology-barbed(带刺的)wirefence.AyounggauchonamedMateostrugglestobreakfreefromhisfamily’sdyingwayoflifetobecomeawriter.Thenwithsomehelp,MateoescapestoBuenosAires.There,hemeetsSofia,whoshakeshisnarrow-mindedviewoftheworld.Asmodernitytakesshape,Mateoistornbetweenchoices:hisfamilyortheonehecouldcreate,hiscultureorthemovementsoftheworld.”（在这部十九世纪阿根廷的新音乐剧中，圣安东尼奥·德阿雷科的高乔社区面临着来自大地主最新技术——带刺铁丝网围栏——对其传统生活方式的日益增长的威胁。一位名叫马特奥(Mateo)的年轻高乔人努力摆脱家人垂死的生活方式，试图成为一名作家。马特奥逃到了布宜诺斯艾利斯。在那里，他遇到了索菲亚，索菲亚动摇了他狭隘的世界观。）可知，该音乐剧的主题是生活方式的改变。故选C项。【3题详析】细节理解题。SpecialNotes中的“Noflashphotographypermitted.Pleasesilenceallelectronicdevicesincludingmobilephoneandwatches,andavoidtextmessagingforthedurationoftheperformance.”（不允许使用闪光灯拍照，让包括手机和手表在内的所有电子设备静音，并在演出期间禁止发送短信）由此可知，看该剧时要求人们关闭所有电子设备。故选D项。BMyfriendandIrecentlytookanartclasstogetherthroughourtown’scommunityeducationprogram.Ourclassmateswereamixofages,stagesoflife,andexperiencewithmakingart.Westoodoutintheclass—notforourartistictalent,butforourconsistentencouragementofourselves,eachother,andthegroup.Itgotmethinkinghowencouragementhadbecomearoutine.Itbecamesomethingofajokebetweenthetwoofustocompliment(赞美)eachother,offerapositivecommentwhenanotherstudentshowedhisorherwork,andgenerallychataroundthetableabouthowfunourprojectwasgoing.Butreflectingback,ourpositivistwasanythingbutajoke.Itwasabrightlightinmyweek,aspacewhereIknewIcouldbesurroundedwithkindness,gentleness,andpositivist.Here’sthemostspecialthingaboutit;myfriend’sandmypositiveconversationwasn’tjustencouraging,itwastrue.Wedidn’tgoforcheaporfalsecomplimentslike,“Thispaintingshouldbeinamuseum!”Instead,wewentforauthentic(真实的)expressionsofsupportandencouragement,like,“Ilovehowyoudidthatcloud!”Overtime,theclassbecamesomethingofasacredspace,becausewehadmadeahabitofusingencouraging,supportivelanguage.Sentence-starterslike,“Ilike,”“Iappreciate,”“Iwanttotry”,keptuspresent,positive,andhonest.Theencouragementalsokeptusengagedintheworkofmakingart.IfeelsurethatIlearnedmore—andpracticedmoreathome—becausetheactivitywasshowninsuchconsistentlypositiveterms,groundedinagrowthmindset,self-acceptance,andencouragement.Havingafriendtoshareanencouragementhabitisfantastic,butyoucanpracticeitonyourownaswell.Complimentyourselfinthemirroreverymorning.Keeparunning“greatwork.”listofthing?youaredoingwelltoday.Trustinyourabilitytofindsomethingloving—andtrue-tocommenttodayandeveryday.4.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor’sclassmates?A.Theyadmiredthosetalentedinart.B.Theydidn’ttakeartclassseriously.C.Theywereofthesameartisticlevel.D.Theywereongoodtermsintheclass.5.Howdidtheclassmatesturntheirclassintoasacredspace?A.Byshowingfalsecomplimentstoothers.B.Bydecoratingtheirclassasamuseum.C.Bydisplayingabstractartworksintheclass.D.Byofferingsupportivelanguagearoundthem.6.Whatdidtheauthorthinkoftheartproject?A.Itmadehimhopefulandconfident.B.Itneededtoprovidemorepractice.C.Itwascheapandeasytocarryout.D.Itpromotedhiscommunicationskills.7.Whatistheauthor’spurposeofwritingthetext?A.Tointroduceacommunityeducationprogram.B.TocallforgoodactiontosupportthoseinneedC.Todescribehowtomakeencouragementahabit.D.Tocommentonthepowerofauthenticexpressions.【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要讲述了作者和朋友参加了一个艺术班，在班级里，随着时间的推移，大家养成了使用鼓励性、支持性语言的习惯。这个鼓励习惯还被作者带到了生活中，让作者充满信心和希望。作者最后建议读者能够学习这种积极鼓励的习惯。〖答案〗4.D5.D6.A7.C【4题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段内容“Westoodoutintheclass—notforourartistictalent,butforourconsistentencouragementofourselves,eachother,andthegroup.(我们在班上脱颖而出——不是因为我们的艺术天赋，而是因为我们总是鼓励自己、鼓励彼此、鼓励团队。)”可知，班级里人们对自己、彼此和团队持续鼓励；且结合第二段“Itwasabrightlightinmyweek,aspacewhereIknewIcouldbesurroundedwithkindness,gentleness,andpositivity.(这是我这一周的一盏明灯，在这个空间里，我知道我可以被善良、温柔和积极所包围。)”可知，作者感觉在这个空间里，自己能够被善良、温柔和积极所包围。由此推断，作者班级里的同学们相处的非常好。故选D项。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第四段内容“Overtime,theclassbecamesomethingofasacredspace,becausewehadmadeahabitofusingencouraging,supportivelanguage.(随着时间的推移，课堂变成了一个神圣的空间，因为我们已经养成了使用鼓励性、支持性语言的习惯。)”可知，同学们是通过鼓励和支持性语言把班级变成了一个神圣的空间。故选D项。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据第五段内容“IfeelsurethatIlearnedmore—andpracticedmoreathome—becausetheactivitywasshowninsuchconsistentlypositiveterms,groundedinagrowthmindset,self-acceptance,andencouragement.(我确信我学到了更多——在家里也练习了更多——因为这项活动一直以积极的方式进行，以成长的心态、自我接纳和鼓励为基础。)”可知，在作者看来这项活动是积极的，以成长的心态，自我接纳和鼓励为基础。由此推断，该活动给作者带来了积极的心态和态度，认为这让他充满了希望和信心。故选A项。【7题详析】推理判断题。文章首段引出文章话题“Itgotmethinkinghowencouragementhadbecomearoutine.(这让我思考鼓励是如何成为习惯的。)”，并通过第二段，第三段，第四段详细叙述过程。最后一段“Havingafriendtoshareanencouragementhabitisfantastic,butyoucanpracticeitonyourownaswell.(有一个朋友分享鼓励的习惯是很棒的，但你也可以自己练习。)”总结全文，提出建议“分享鼓励或自己练习”，由此推断，作者写这篇文章就是为了叙述鼓励是如何成为习惯的。故选C项。CPolarbearsareiconsoftheArctic.Detailedmonitoringoftheirpopulationsiscrucialfortheirconservation—butbecausepolarbearsaresodifficulttofind,wearemissingcriticaldataaboutpopulationsize.Scientistshavenowdevelopedanewtooltohelp:DNAanalysisusingskincellsleftinthebears’footprintsinthesnow.Thescientistswereinspiredbythetechniquesthatcanbeappliedtotiny,degradedDNAsamples.Withthesetechniques,itisn’tnecessarytophysicallycapturebears,whichcanbestressfulanddangerousforbothbearsandhumans.Instead,theresearcherscanturntothesnowtracksofpolarbearsandlookatsourcesofDNAleftinpassing—environmentalDNA."Thetracksusuallycontainfreshcells,andtheDNAisintactbecauseofthecold’storage’temperature,"saidDr.MelanieLancasteroftheWorldWideFund,leadauthor.ThescientistscollectedsnowfromindividualtracksmadebyAlaskanpolarbearsinthewild.Additionalmaterialslikehairandsaliva(唾液)weresampled,confirmingthatthetracksprovidedaccurategenotype(基因型)24wildpolarbeartracksweresampled.TheresearchersmeltedandfilteredthesnowtocollectenvironmentalDNA,thencarriedoutmicro-satelliteanalysis.Althoughtheconcentrations(浓度)ofDNAtakenfromtruckssampledinthewildwereverylow,13ofthewildpolarbearsamplescouldbegenotype,identifying12differentindividuals.Thistechniquehashugepotentialtoinformconservationoftheseanimals,tobetterunderstandtheirpopulationsandbehavior.Althoughthesamplinghasalowersuccessrate,easeofcollectionmeansthatitcansignificantlyexpandsamplesizes."Wehopethismethodwillbetakenupbythepolarbearresearchcommunity,withtheinvolvementofhunters,volunteers,andlocalcommunities,asanewwaytocollectinformationonpolarbears,"saidLancaster."Wealsohopethemethodwillbeexpandedtootheranimalslivinginsnowyenvironments."8.Whydoscientistsdevelopthenewmethod?A.ToimprovetheenvironmentintheAretic.B.Toprotecthumansfromthepolarbearsattack.C.Tofindsolutionstoglobalclimatechange.D.Togatheressentialdataformonitoringpolarbears.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“intact”meaninparagraph2?A.Unknown.B.Undamaged.C.Unusual.D.Unstable.10.Whatdidthescientistsdointhestudy?A.Theytrackedandcaughtpolarbearsinthewild.B.Theyrecordedthebears’behaviorswithcameras.C.TheyanalyzedDNAfrompolarbears’snowyfootprints.D.Theycomparedthepolarbears’genotypewithotheranimals?11.WhatisLancaster’sattitudetowardthemethod?A.Disapproving.B.Favorable.C.Uncertain.D.Suspicious.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍研究人员通过分析北极熊雪地脚印中的DNA,创造了一种保护北极熊的开创性方法。〖答案〗8.D9.B10.C11.B【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“PolarbearsareiconsoftheArctic.Detailedmonitoringoftheirpopulationsiscrucialfortheirconservation—butbecausepolarbearsaresodifficulttofind,wearemissingcriticaldataaboutpopulationsize.Scientistshavenowdevelopedanewtooltohelp:DNAanalysisusingskincellsleftinthebears’footprintsinthesnow.”（由于北极熊很难找到，缺少关于种群规模的关键数据。科学家们现在开发了一种新的帮助工具：利用熊在雪地里留下的足迹中脱落的皮肤细胞进行DNA分析。）由此可知，科学家们是为了获取监测北极熊的关键数据。故选D项。【9题详析】词义猜测题。根据上文“Thetracksusuallycontainfreshcells”（这些足迹通常包含新鲜细胞）根据下文“becauseofthecold’storage’temperature”（由于低温“储存”温度）可知，DNA是完好无损的。由此推断，“intact”意为“完好无损的”。故选B项。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“ThescientistscollectedsnowfromindividualtracksmadebyAlaskanpolarbearsinthewild.Additionalmaterialslikehairandsaliva(唾液)weresampled,confirmingthatthetracksprovidedaccurategenotype(基因型)24wildpolarbeartracksweresampled.TheresearchersmeltedandfilteredthesnowtocollectenvironmentalDNA,thencarriedoutmicro-satelliteanalysis.”（科学家们从阿拉斯加北极熊在野外留下的足迹中收集雪。对毛发和唾液等额外材料进行了采样，证实了这些足迹提供了准确的基因型。研究人员融化并过滤雪以收集环境DNA，然后进行微卫星分析。）可知，科学家分析了北极熊雪地脚印的DNA。故选C项。【11题详析】推理判断题。文章最后一段Lancaster所说的“Wehopethismethodwillbetakenupbythepolarbearresearchcommunity,withtheinvolvementofhunters,volunteers,andlocalcommunities,asanewwaytocollectinformationonpolarbears,saidLancaster.Wealsohopethemethodwillbeexpandedtootheranimalslivinginsnowyenvironments.”（我们希望北极熊研究界采用这种方法，并让猎人、志愿者和当地社区参与进来，以此作为收集北极熊信息的新方法。我们还希望该方法能推广到生活在多雪环境中的其他动物。）由此推断，Lancaster赞同该研究方法。故选B项。DWhatdoyouseeintheimage?Theimagecanbechallengingtointerpret,andmostpeopleneedacluetoseethepattern.ItshowsaDalmatiandog.Aninterestingaspectofthisexperienceisthatonceyou’veperceivedthepattern,youcan’tunsetthedog.Whetherwelikeitornot,ourbrainslookforpatternsinvariouscontexts.Muchofoureverydayunderstandingislinkedtotheconceptswelearninschoolandthroughinteractionwithothers.Ontopofthis,therearelearnedculturalpatternstointerpretworksofart,music,poems,etc.Onceweknowthepatterns,theyprofoundlyinfluencehowweperceiveculturalproducts.Soweseetheworldthroughpatternswehaveacquired.Thesepatternscanbeappliedinallformsofteaching.Thegreatbenefitofseeingapatterninanareaofknowledgeisthatitcanbeappliedtonewproblems.Astudentwhohasunderstoodapatterncannotonlyanswerquestionstakendirectlyfromthelearningmaterialbutcanuseitinothertypesoftasks.Thekeyquestion,therefore,ishowastudentcandiscovertherelevantpatternsandcreaterealunderstanding.Therearedifferentwaystohighlightpatterns.Analogies(类比)arepowerfultoolsforcreatingunderstanding.Anexampleisthenumberline(数轴)inelementarymathematics.Whenchildrenlearnaddition,itiseasyforconcretecombinationsofobjects:threeapplesplustwoapplesmakefiveapples.Thesameistrueforsubtraction(减法):Ifyouhavesixapplesandremovefour,youareleftwithtwo.Butthisdoesn’tworkwhenitcomestonegativenumbers.Howdoyouexplainthatifyouhavethreeapplesandremovefive,twoaremissing?Then,aneffectiveanalogyistoseethenumberlineassomethingyouwalkalong—thelinebecomesapath.Additionwiththreeislikewalkingthreestepsforward,andsubtractionwithfiveislikewalkingfivestepsbackward.Nowonderthatifyouwalkthreestepsforwardandthenfivestepsback,youaretwostepsbehindwhereyoustarted.Inthisway,thenegativenumbersacquireameaningrootedinexperience.Morepatternsofnumberscannowbeunderstood.12.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.Theunderlyingeffectofpatterns.B.Theabilitytoacquiretheartskills.C.ThewaytofindtheDalmatiandog.D.Thebenefitofinteractingwithothers.13.Whyshouldpatternsbeusedineducation?A.Itiseasyforstudentstomasterthem.B.Alltypesoftaskshavethesamepattern.C.Theycanhelpstudentssolvenewproblems.D.Theyarethenecessarylearningmaterials.14.Whatdoestheexampleinparagraph4andparagraph5suggest?A.Therearedifferentwaystoacquireexperience.B.Analogiesaregoodmethodsforteachingpatterns.C.Additionismucheasierthansubtractioninmaths.D.Thenumberlinecansolveallmathematicsproblems.15.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A.UnderstandingIsSeeingaPattern.B.TheBestPrincipleforLearningC.WalkingBackandForthonaNumberLine.D.UsingPatternstoLearnMathematics【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍“理解就是看到模式”这一教学基本原则。〖答案〗12.A13.C14.B15.A【12题详析】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Whetherwelikeitornot,ourbrainslookforpatternsinvariouscontexts.Muchofoureverydayunderstandingislinkedtotheconceptswelearninschoolandthroughinteractionwithothers.Ontopofthis,therearelearnedculturalpatternstointerpretworksofart,music,poems,etc.Onceweknowthepatterns,theyprofoundlyinfluencehowweperceiveculturalproducts.Soweseetheworldthroughpatternswehaveacquired.”（无论我们喜欢与否，我们的大脑都会在不同的环境中寻找模式。我们日常的理解大多与我们在学校里学习的概念以及通过与他人的互动联系在一起。除此之外，还有一些需要学习的文化准则，以解释艺术、音乐、诗歌等作品。一旦我们了解了这些准则，它们就会深刻地影响我们对文化产品的看法。我们通过所获得的模式看世界。）由此可知，该段主要讲述模式的潜在影响。故选A项。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Thegreatbenefitofseeingapatterninanareaofknowledgeisthatitcanbeappliedtonewproblems.Astudentwhohasunderstoodapatterncannotonlyanswerquestionstakendirectlyfromthelearningmaterialbutcanuseitinothertypesoftasks.”（在知识领域看到一个模式的最大好处是它可以应用于新的问题。理解了模式的学生不仅可以回答直接从学习材料中提取的问题，还可以将其用于其他类型的任务。）由此推断，在教育中应用模式可以帮助学生解决新问题。故选C项。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“Therearedifferentwaystohighlightpatterns.Analogies(类比)arepowerfultoolsforcreatingunderstanding.Anexampleisthenumberline(数轴)inelementarymathematics.Whenchildrenlearnaddition,itiseasyforconcretecombinationsofobjects:threeapplesplustwoapplesmakefiveapples.Thesameistrueforsubtraction(减法):Ifyouhavesixapplesandremovefour,youareleftwithtwo.”（有不同的方式来突出显示图案。类比是建立理解的有力工具。一个例子是初等数学中的数轴。当孩子们学习加法时，很容易实现物体的具体组合：三个苹果加上两个苹果就等于五个苹果。减法也是如此：如果你有六个苹果，去掉四个，剩下两个）可知，有不同的方式来突出显示模式，类比是创造理解力的有力工具。下文举例说明，初等数学中的数轴就是一个例子。后面利用数轴做加减法的具体情况。由此推断，初等数学中数轴的例子就是为了表明，类比是教授模式的好方法。故选B项。【15题详析】主旨大意题。文章主要介绍在教育中使用模式，它们帮助学生解决新问题，创造真正的理解力。由此可知，“理解就是看到模式”与文本叙述一致，符合文章标题。故选A项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Challengesarepartoflifeandsomethingwecanallexpecttoencounteratonepointoranotherduringourlifetime.Wehandlechallengesdifferently;someofuschoosetofacethemhead-on,whileothersfleeinuncertainty.___16___Thefollowingaresimplemethodsandstrategieswecanallemploytoovercomechallengesmoreeffectively.___17___Nikecouldn’thavesaiditanybetterwiththeirslogan,"Justdoit!"Somechallengesrequireustodojustthat.Grabthebullbyitshornsandhavethecouragetoconquerit,nomatterhowunsurewemightfeel.Somechallengesareurgentandrequireimmediateattention,leavinguswithnooptionbuttogoaheadfull-steam.Educateourselves.Thereasonwhysomeissuesprovechallengingforusisthatwearen’tfamiliarwiththem.___18___Theinternet,books,forums,etc.,offerplatformswherewecanresearchandlearnaboutourchallengestofindstrategiesagainstthem.Knowledgeisdefinitelypowerfulandessentialinconqueringanything.Bepersistent.Thisiswhatisrequiredtoaccomplishanything,especiallywhenitcomestoovercomingchallenges.Nomatterhowdifficultourchallengesmightbe,wemustbewillingtopushthroughandtryagainandagainuntilweachievevictoryoverthem.___19___Askforhelp.Therearetimeswhenwecan’tgoitaloneandneedotherstohelpusconquerwhateverchallengesweface.___20___Networkingwithlike-mindedindividualswhocanofferussupport,suggestions,andsolutionsisusefulinhelpingusovercomechallenges.A.Meetthemhead-on.B.Adaptadifferentstrategy.C.Itissaidthattwoheadsarebetterthanone.D.Ifwegiveup,weallowthechallengestoconquerusinstead.E.Therefore,ourknowledgeandabilitytoconquerthemislimited.F.Whateverourpositions,weallwishtoconquerthemandmoveon.G.Somechallengescanbeoverwhelming,makingusquestionourabilitytoovercomethem.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍应对挑战的方法。〖答案〗16.F17.A18.E19.D20.C【16题详析】根据上文“Wehandlechallengesdifferently;someofuschoosetofacethemhead-on,whileothersfleeinuncertainty.”（我们应对挑战的方式各有不同；我们中的一些人选择拥抱并正面面对它们，而另一些人则在不确定中逃离。）根据下文“Thefollowingaresimplemethodsandstrategieswecanallemploytoovercomechallengesmoreeffectively.”（下面是一些简单的方法和策略，我们都可以用来更有效地克服挑战。）可知，该句承上启下，说明无论如何，我们都要克服困难。故F选项“无论我们的立场是什么，我们都希望克服它们并继续前进。”切题。故选F项。【17题详析】根据下文“Nikecouldn’thavesaiditanybetterwiththeirslogan,“Justdoit!”Somechallengesrequireustodojustthat.Grabthebullbyitshornsandhavethecouragetoconquerit,nomatterhowunsurewemightfeel.Somechallengesareurgentandrequireimmediateattention,leavinguswithnooptionbuttogoaheadfull-steam.”（耐克用他们的口号“Justdoit!”来表达这一点再好不过了。有些挑战要求我们这样做。无论我们感觉多么不确定，请迎难而上，勇敢征服困难。有些挑战是紧迫的，需要立即关注，我们别无选择，只能全力以赴。）由此可知，该段主要讲述A选项“直面挑战”。故选A项。【18题详析】根据上文“Thereasonwhysomeissuesprovechallengingforusisthatwearen’tfamiliarwiththem.”（有些问题对我们来说具有挑战性的原因是我们不熟悉它们。）空处承接上文说明不熟悉导致的结果。故E选项“因此，我们征服它们的知识和能力是有限的”切题。此处them与上一句呼应。故选E项。【19题详析】根据上文“Nomatterhowdifficultourchallengesmightbe,wemustbewillingtopushthroughandtryagainandagainuntilweachievevictoryoverthem.”（无论挑战有多么困难，我们都必须愿意坚持下去，一次又一次地尝试，直到取得胜利。）可知，空处为前一句内容的补充，故D选项“如果我们放弃，我们反过来就会让挑战征服我们。”为反向叙述后果，切题。故选D项。【20题详析】根据上文“Therearetimeswhenwecan’tgoitaloneandneedotherstohelpusconquerwhateverchallengesweface.”（有时我们无法独自应对，需要他人来帮助我们克服所面临的任何挑战。）可知，人多力量大，与志同道合的人建立联系，他们可以为我们提供支持、建议或解决方案，而这些建议有助于帮助我们克服挑战。故C选项“俗语说：人人多力量大”切题。故选C项。第二部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Thoseinthefoodindustryunderstandthedifficultythatcomesfromworkingwithpeople.Nomatterhowmuchyoutry,somecustomersarenever___21___.Ifyoumakeonemistake,somepeoplearelikelytolose___22___.ThissituationtookplaceataMcDonald’sinsuburbanAtlanta.Acustomerapproachedthedrive-throughwindow___23___.Hethrewadrinkbackatthepregnantfastfoodworkerwhohandedittohim.Mostwouldfindthatunthinkable.Yet,hefelt___24___becausethedrinkwasnotwhathewanted.Bryannawasthe___25___inthisincident.Itwasso___26___toherthatshecouldn’tevenfigureoutwhatwashappening.Shewas___27___andcoverediniceandsoda.ThecustomernextinlinewhowitnessedwhathappenedwasFerozaEyed.She___28___theincidentviaFacebookafterthingstookplace.“I’veneverseenanyone___29___thatway,especiallytodothattoapregnantworker,whichwasjust____30____.”WhenFerozaapproachedthedrive-through,she____31____thefastfoodworkeracashtiptocomforther.Shehadyetanother____32____—setupanonlineregistryforBryanna’sbaby.Feroza____33____maybeshecouldraise$300or$400forBryannatobuysomethingnice.Butby24hourslaterpeoplehaddonated$1,700.Ferozawasjustobviouslygoingcrazywith____34____.Throughthis,FerozaandBryannahavebecomefriends.It’sjust____35____toseesuchloveandhappiness.21.A.confused B.frightened C.troubled D.satisfied22.A.temper B.passion C.sight D.temperature23.A.sadly B.angrily C.happily D.patiently24.A.convinced B.embarrassed C.justified D.misunderstood25.A.interviewer B.victim C.looker-on D.witness26.A.unpleasant B.reliable C.responsible D.avoidable27.A.warning B.weeping C.begging D.checking28.A.heardof B.thoughtof C.spokeof D.dreamedof29.A.admit B.behave C.follow D.approve30.A.wonderful B.funny C.necessary D.awful31.A.paid B.charged C.offered D.afforded32.A.principle B.program C.destination D.idea33.A.assumed B.realized C.recognized D.recalled34.A.regret B.relief C.reward D.joy35.A.inspiring B.demanding C.amusing D.puzzling【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了费罗扎帮助一起事件的受害者布赖安娜的故事。〖答案〗21.D22.A23.B24.C25.B26.A27.B28.C29.B30.D31.C32.D33.A34.D35.A【21题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不管你怎么努力，有些客户永远不会满意。A.confused困惑的；B.frightened害怕的；C.troubled烦恼的；D.satisfied满意的。根据上文“Thoseinthefoodindustryunderstandthedifficultythatcomesfromworkingwithpeople”可知，有些客户永远不会满意。故选D项。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你犯了一个错误，有些人可能会发脾气。A.temper脾气；B.passion热情；C.sight视力；D.temperature温度。根据下文“Hethrewadrinkbackatthepregnantfastfoodworker”可知，有些人可能会发脾气。故选A项。【23题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：一位顾客愤怒地走近免下车窗口。A.sadly悲伤低；B.angrily愤怒地；C.happily快乐地；D.patiently耐心地。根据下文“Hethrewadrinkbackatthepregnantfastfoodworkerwhohandedittohim.”可知，顾客愤怒了。故选B项。【24题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，他觉得这是合理的，因为饮料不是他想要的。A.convinced坚信不移的；B.embarrassed尴尬的；C.justified合理的；D.misunderstood被误解的。根据下文“becausethedrinkwasnotwhathewanted.”可知，顾客觉得是合理的。故选C项。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：布赖安娜是这起事件的受害者。A.interviewer面试官；B.victim受害者；C.looker-on旁观者；D.witness目击者。根据上文“Hethrewadrinkbackatthepregnantfastfoodworkerwhohandedittohim.”可知，布赖安娜是这起事件的受害者。故选B项。【26题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这对她来说太不愉快了，她甚至不知道发生了什么事。A.unpleasant不愉快的；B.reliable可依赖的；C.responsible负责任的；D.avoidable可避免的。根据下文“Shewas_____andcoverediniceandsoda.”可知，布赖安娜很不愉快。故选A项。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她哭了，浑身都是冰和苏打水。A.warning警告；B.weeping哭泣；C.begging祈求；D.checking核对。根据下文“coverediniceandsoda”可知，她哭了。故选B项。【28题详析】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：事情发生后，她在Facebook上谈到了这一事件。A.heardof听说；B.thoughtof想到；C.spokeof谈及；D.dreamedof梦想。根据下文“I’veneverseenanyone______thatway,especiallytodothattoapregnantworker,whichwasjust_____.”可知，她谈及了此次事故。故选C项。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我从来没见过有人这样做，尤其是对一个怀孕的工人，这太可怕了。A.admit承认；B.behave表现；C.follow跟谁；D.approve同意。根据上文“threwadrinkbackatthepregnantfastfoodworker”可知，这是不好的行为表现。故选B项。【30题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我从来没见过有人这样做，尤其是对一个怀孕的工人，这太可怕了。A.wonderful精彩的；B.funny有趣的C.necessary必要的；D.awful可怕的。根据上文“dothattoapregnantworker”可知，太可怕了。故选D项。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当费罗扎走近汽车餐厅时，她给了快餐工作人员现金小费来安慰她。A.paid支付；B.charged收费；C.offered提供；D.afforded支付得起。根据下文“thefastfoodworkeracashtiptocomforther.”可知，她给了快餐工作人员现金小费来安慰她。故选C项。【32题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她还有另一个主意，为布赖安娜的孩子建立一个在线注册表。A.principle原则；B.program节目；C.destination目的地；D.idea想法。根据下文“setupanonlineregistryforBryanna’sbaby.”可知，这是费罗扎的想法。故选D项。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：费罗扎认为她可能会为布赖安娜筹集300或400美元来买一些好东西。A.assumed认为；B.realized意识到；C.recognized认出；D.recalled回想起。根据下文“shecouldraise$300or$400forBryannatobuysomethingnice.”可知，这是费罗扎认为的。故选A项。【34题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但24小时后，人们捐赠了1700美元。费罗扎显然是极度高兴。A.regret后悔；B.relief宽慰；C.reward回报；D.joy快乐。根据下文“Butby24hourslaterpeoplehaddonated$1,700.”可知，筹款超出了目标，所以费罗扎很高兴。故选D项。【35题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：看到这样的爱和幸福真是令人鼓舞。A.inspiring令人鼓舞的；B.demanding要求苛刻的；C.amusing有趣的；D.puzzling令人困惑的。根据下文“seesuchloveandhappiness.”可知，这是令人鼓舞的。故选A项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式Yangko,aruralChinesefolkdancewithahistory___36___(date)backthousandsofyears,originatesfromfarminglifeinancienttimes.Thedancerelatestosacrificestothefarmlandgodwhenpeopleprayedforagoodharvest.Astimepassed,the___37___(origin)dancedeveloped,takinginvariousartisticformsandskills,includingopera,acrobaticsandmartialarts,andeventuallyturnedintothetypeofYangko___38___isseentoday.___39___(preserve)thisChinesefolkculture,itwasincludedintheinaugural(首批的)itemsofnationalintangibleculturalheritagein2006.Itis___40___(common)performedinnorthernChinaduringfestivals,especiallyforChineseNewYearandtheLanternFestival.Performancesorcompetitions___41___(organize)intownsandv