2021届高考英语大一轮复习课时作业47Unit24Society含解析北师大版

课时作业47Ⅰ.阅读理解AAlmostnoneofushavethetimetoreadeverythingwe'dliketoread.Yetwelosecountlesshourstodailyactivitiesthatbringuslittlejoyliketakingbusesandwaitinginline.Whatifwecouldturntheselittleblocksofunoccupiedtimeintopreciousandrewardingmomentsforlearningandreflection?Foundedin2015,iReader,amicro­learningapponmobilephones,bringsthebiggestideasfrombest­sellingbooksthrough15­minuteaudio(音频)andtext.Sofar,morethan3,000bookshavebeenincluded,rangingfrompsychologyandparentingtomanagementandeconomics,withnewtitlesaddedeveryday.iReaderispioneeringanewmethodofreading,withover9millionusersenjoyingthebenefitsalready.AccordingtothePewResearchCenter(PRC),theBritishreadjust4paperbooksayearandover25%haven'treadasinglepaperbookthisyear,butreadingisn'tdying.TherearenowmorewaysfortheBritishtoreadthaneverbefore,duetothewidespreaduseofe­booksandaudiobooks.ThebooksiniReaderarerewrittentoensureitiseasytorememberthemaincontent.Thewaythecontentiseditedhasbeenspecificallydesignedtoensureitisusefulinpractice.Besides,thecontentisrewrittenwithrelevantexamplesinreallife,whichmeansusersaremorelikelytorememberandapplywhatishelpfultothem.Co­founderofthisapp,declares,“iReadergivesyouthebiggestideasintheshortestpossibletime.Ittransformsgreatideasintolittlepacksyoucanlistentoorreadinjust15minutes.”本文是一篇说明文，介绍了2015年横空出世的iReader。它是一款手机上的微学习应用程序，正在开创一种新的阅读方法。1．Whatdoestheauthorsuggestpeopledointheunoccupiedtime?A．Readandthink. B．Writeandshare.C．Avoidtakingbuses. D．Bringjoytodailyroutines.答案：A解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的最后一句“Whatifwecouldturntheselittleblocksofunoccupiedtimeintopreciousandrewardingmomentsforlearningandreflection？”可知，作者建议利用空余的时间学习和思考。2．WhatcanweinferfromthePRCfindings?A．TheBritishbenefitalotfromreading.B．Readingmethodsaremoreimportantthanbefore.C．Digitaltechnologyistakingtheplaceofpaperbooks.D．NewformsofbooksarechangingthewaytheBritishread.答案：D解析：推理判断题。根据第三段第二句和第三句内容可知，PRC的研究结果表明，新型的书籍如电子书籍和音频书籍正在改变英国人的阅读方式。3．HowdoesiReadermakethecontenteasytoremember?A．Bybringingfuntoit.B．Bymakingituseful.C．Byusingartisticdesigns.D．Bytakingusersasexamples.答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第二句中的“specificallydesignedtoensureitisusefulinpractice”可知，iReader通过将阅读内容实用化的方式来使其容易记忆。4．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．iReaderPreventsReadingfromDyingB．iReaderUnitesWorldwideBook­loversC．iReader：TheBestNewAppCreationD．iReader：BigIdeasinSmallPackages答案：D解析：标题判断题。文章的最后一段通过该应用程序的联合创始人的总结，概括出本文的主旨，本文主要介绍了iReader正在开创的一种新的阅读方法，即把众多的想法转换成可以在15分钟内听或读的内容，能让用户在尽可能短的时间内了解到最重要的想法。BWhenJenniferPowellheardherhusband,SethMarko,43,neededimmediateopen­heartsurgery(外科手术),sheimmediatelytookaction.First,shefoundapersontocarefortheir3­year­olddaughter,Josephine,soshecouldbeatthehospitalforherhusband's10­hoursurgery.ThenPowell'smindwenttotheir“secondkid”—theBookCatapult—thesmallindependentbookstorethecoupleownsandruns.Theironlyemployeehadthefluandwouldbeoutforatleastaweek.Powellclosedthestoretobewithherhusbandinthehospital.Shedidn'tknowforhowlong.HerclosefriendEhrig­BurresswaswatchingJosephine.ButEhrig­Burress,whorunsanotherbookstoreintown,wantedtohelpmore.“Wewereallsortofoverwhelmed(不知所措的)andinshock，”Ehrig­Burresssaid.HethoughthecouldhelpwiththeBookCatapult.Heworkedthereafewtimeswhenhisfriendsfirstopenedthestoreinlate2017.Hestillhadthekeys,andheknewhowtoworktheregister.Hecouldtrytokeepitafloat.“Ithink,I'llpretendthisismystorefortheweek，”Ehrig­Burresssaid.JulieSlavinsky,whoworksattheindependentbookstoreWarwick's,isalsooneofthevolunteerswhohelpedout.SheandMarkousedtoworktogetheratWarwick's.“Peopledon'tliketoaskforhelp.Youhavetosay,‘Hey,Ihaveafewhours.Doyouneedme？’”Slavinskysaid.SlavinskysaidalthoughtheBookCatapultis,strictlyspeaking,acompetitortoheremployer,shedoesn'tseethingsthatway.“Thebookworldisalittlebitdifferent，”shesaid.“Iseethisashelpingsomebodyinthecommunity.It'sthecommunitycomingtogether.”Powellsaidshecouldn'tofferenoughthankstoallthosewhohadhelpedherandherhusband.本文是记叙文。JenniferPowell的丈夫SethMarko需要立即进行心脏直视手术，他们得到了别人的帮助。5．WhydidJenniferPowellwanttocloseherbookstore?A．Totakecareofherdaughter.B．Toattendtoherhusband.C．Toraisemoneyforherhusband.D．Tolookfornewemployees.答案：B解析：细节理解题。由第三段第一句“Powellclosedthestoretobewithherhusbandinthehospital”可知，Powell关闭书店是为了去医院照顾生病的丈夫。故选B。6．WhathappenedtotheBookCatapultwhenSethMarkowasinthehospital?A．Itwasclosed.B．Itwasopenasusual.C．ItwassoldtoEhrig­Burress.D．Itwascontrolledbyhiscompetitor.答案：B解析：推理判断题。本题要求考生结合相关信息进行推理判断。由第四段和第五段中Ehrig­Burress来帮忙打理书店可知，这个书店一直在营业，故选B。7．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“afloat”inParagraph5probablymean?A．Formal. B．Eye­catching.C．Different. D．Functioningnormally.答案：D解析：词义猜测题。结合整个语境理解，Ehrig­Burress来帮忙打理书店，所以“Hecouldtrytokeepitafloat”意为他努力让书店经营下去，所以选D。afloatadj.意为“能维持下去”。8．Whatdoestheauthorwanttoadvocateinthisarticle?A．Oneshouldknowhowtobegrateful.B．Oneshouldoffertohelpthoseinneed.C．Oneshouldaskforhelpwhennecessary.D．Oneshouldgetonwellwithcompetitors.答案：B解析：主旨大意题。本题考查考生把握主题以及整体概括能力。本文通过讲述Powell在她丈夫住院后得到别人帮助的事情，表达了人们应该帮助困境中的人这一道理，故选B。Ⅱ.七选五MakeYourFitnessResolutionStickLastyear,themostcommonNewYear'sresolutionwasfitness­related.Astudyshowedthatroughly50millionAmericanspledged(发誓)toincreaseactivitiesandloseweight.__1__，successwashardtoachieve.Twomonthslater,only37percentofpeopleintheir20sand16percentoverage50hadkepttotheirnewfitnesshabit.__2__，thebenefitsofsuchachangeareclear.Thereisnoquestionthatexerciseplaysaroleinthepreventionandtreatmentofmanydiseases.Weeklyexerciseroutineshavebeenshowntoreduceratesofdepressionandanxiety,lessenriskofheartattacksandstrokes,andreducetheprevalenceofdiabetes.__3__.It'ssuggestedthat150minutesperweekofmoderateintensityexerciselikeswimming,or75minutesperweekofintenseexercise,likejogging,shouldbetheminimumamountofexerciseneededtoachievemaximummedicalbenefit.Often,thebestwaytoincreaseyourexerciseistoincorporate(包含)movementintoyoureverydaylife.Onaverage,urbancitizenswhogotoworkbybikeorpublictransportationarefitterthansuburbancitizenswhodrivetowork.Besides,takingthestairsinsteadoftheelevatoralsohelps.__4__.Whetheryouresolvetoworkoutatyourlocalgymthreetimesaweek,take10,000stepsadayorgiveyourdoganextrawalkeveryday,whatmattersmostisnotyourcommitmenttoexercisebutyourstickingtoit.__5__.A．WhiletheyhadgoodintentionsB．AlthoughbehaviorchangeistoughC．HoweverhardtheytrytomakeachangeD．ThereisalwaysonetypeofexercisethatyouarefondofE．SocommittosomethingyouloveandkeeptoyourfitnesshabitF．TheyaregoodwaystoincreasetheamountofyourmovementeverydayG．Thebestformofexerciseisthetypethatsomeonewillconsistentlyperform1．A解析：根据上文中的“roughly50millionAmericanspledged(发誓)toincreaseactivitiesandloseweight”可知，大约五千万美国人发誓要增加运动量和减肥；并结合空后的“successwashardtoachieve”(成功很难实现)可知，A项“尽管他们的打算很好”承上启下，符合语境。故选A。2．B解析：根据该空后的句子“thebenefitsofsuchachangeareclear”(这种改变的好处是很明显的)中的“suchachange”及语境可知，B项与此处匹配。3．G解析：根据该段中的“150minutesperweekofmoderateintensityexercise”“75minutesperweekofintenseexercise”“theminimumamountofexercise”可知，本段的内容是关于不同的锻炼方式及每周的锻炼时间的。故G项与此处匹配。4．F解析：根据本段第一句中的“thebestoyoureverydaylife”可知，本段讲的是增加日常运动量的方法；并结合空前的“gotoworkbybikeorpublictransportation”“takingthestairs”和“fitterthan”等可推知，这里应是说明这些方法的好处。故F项与此处匹配。5．E解析：根据上文中的“whatmattersmostisnotyourcommitmenttoexercisebutyourstickingtoit”可知，这里强调的是将锻炼(计划)付诸行动并坚持下去的重要性。这与E项的表述相一致。故选E。Ⅲ.语法填空HoneybeepopulationsintheUnitedStates__1__(decrease)dramaticallyoverthedecades.Andanewstudysuggeststhatacertainkindofpesticidecouldbemakingthings__2__(bad)．Thenumberofhoneybeeshasn'tchangedmuchoverthepastfewyears,buttheoverallpicturedoesn'tlookgoodforaninsectthatplays__3__importantroleinourfoodsupply.Scientistsdon'tknowforsure__4__thisishappening.Pesticidesandparasites(寄生虫)arethemostsuspectedreasons,accordingtoastudyrecentlypublishedinthescientificjournal.Onesuggeststhatneonicotinoids,typesofpesticidesthat__5__(use)aroundtheworld,areincrediblypoisonoustohoneybeesandotherinsects.Partofthereasonforthatisthatthesepesticidesappear__6__(stick)aroundintheenvironmentandstaydangerousforlongerperiodsoftime.Thoughthey'redeadlytoinsects,neonicotinoidsarenotconsidereddangeroustohumans.Anongoingchallenge__7__farmersisfindingwaystokeepotherinsectsawaywhilestill__8__(protect)bees.Pesticidesmaynotdiscriminatebetweentheinsectstheykill,thoughneonicotinoidsmakerssaytherisktobeesislowerwhentheyareusedproperly.TheUSDepartmentofAgriculturesaysit's__9__(likely)thatthere'sonemagic__10__(solve)totheproblem,butthereareanumberoforganizationstryingtohe