广东省湛江市某校2023-2024学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题（含答案解析）

2023-2024学年第一学期学段二高二级英语试卷(答题时间：120分钟，总分：130分)第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D选项中选出最佳答案。AWalledCitiesOfTheWorldTherearenumeroushistoricalwalledcitiesacrosstheworld,whosewallsdatebackseveralcenturies.Thesewallswerefortification(碉堡),anecessitythroughoutmedievalerasfordefense.Theyhavebeenpreservedashistoricalmonumentsandpopulartouristattractionsinthemoderntime.York,EnglandThecityofYorkisamedievalcitysituatedinthenorthofEngland.Historically,thecitywasruledbytheRomans,Angles,andtheVikingsbeforebeingincorporatedaspartoftheKingdomofEnglandin954.Locatedinthecityarewallsbuiltin71ADwhichhavebeenrestoredandextendedwithtime.Xi’an,ChinaThecityofXianisoneoftheoldestcitiesinChina.ItprosperedeconomicallyastheeasternlaststationoftheSilkRoad.Theexistingwallswereoriginallybuiltin770BCandreconstructedinthe14thcenturyundertheMingDynasty.Thewallsarewellpreservedandareamajortouristattractioninthecity.QuebecCity,CanadaQuebecCitywasacolonial(殖民地的)townwhichwasfortifiedbythesettlingEuropeans.Thewallsbegantobebuiltin1608underbothBritishandFrenchregimes(政权).AfortwasconstructedbytheBritishasanadditionaldefensivemeasureandremainsundamagedtodate.Thecity’sfortificationswerelistedasaUNESCOWorldHeritageSitein1985.MexicoCityMexicoHistorically,theCityofMexicogainedimportanceastheAztecCapital.TheSpanishthendroveouttheAztecsandrebuiltitastheSpanishCapital.Thewallsprotectingthecitywerebuiltin1521.MexicoCityisalsohometonumerouscolonial-erabuildingswhichtogetherwiththewallsaremajortouristattractionsinthecity.1.Whichcityhaswallsofthelongesthistory?A.York,England. B.Xi’an,China.C.QuebecCity,Canada. D.MexicoCity,Mexico.2.WhatdoQuebeccityandMexicocityhaveincommon?A.Theywereoncecoloniesofothercountries.B.TheywereoncethecapitaloftheAztecempire.C.TheirwallswereoncebuiltunderBritishregime.D.Theirwallswereoncedamagedafterconstruction.3.Inwhichsectionofamagazinemaythistextappear?A.Culture. B.Entertainment. C.Science. D.Society【答案】1.B2.A3.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍的是世界上有城墙的四座城市。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据York,England部分中的“Locatedinthecityarewallsbuiltin71ADwhichhavebeenrestoredandextendedwithtime.(城中有建于公元71年的城墙，随着时间的推移，城墙得到了修复和扩展。)”可知，英国的约克郡建于公元71年；根据Xi’an,China部分中的“Theexistingwallswereoriginallybuiltin770BCandreconstructedinthe14thcenturyundertheMingDynasty.(现存的城墙最初建于公元前770年，在明朝时期于14世纪重建。)”可知，西安现存的城墙最初建于公元前770年；根据QuebecCity,Canada部分中的“Thewallsbegantobebuiltin1608underbothBritishandFrenchregimes(政权).(1608年，在英法两国的统治下，长城开始修建。)”可知，加拿大的魁北克城墙始建于1608年；根据MexicoCity,Mexico部分中的“Thewallsprotectingthecitywerebuiltin1521.(保护这座城市的城墙建于1521年。)”可知，保护这座城的城墙建于1521年，综合以上信息可知，中国西安的城墙修建历史是最悠久的。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据QuebecCity,Canada部分中的“QuebecCitywasacolonial(殖民地的)townwhichwasfortifiedbythesettlingEuropeans.(魁北克城是一个殖民地城镇，由定居的欧洲人加强了防御。)”可知，魁北克城是一个殖民地城镇，结合MexicoCity,Mexico部分中的“MexicoCityisalsohometonumerouscolonial-erabuildingswhichtogetherwiththewallsaremajortouristattractionsinthecity.(墨西哥城也是许多殖民时代建筑的所在地，这些建筑和城墙一起成为该市的主要旅游景点。)”可知，墨西哥城是许多殖民地时代建筑的所在地，由此可知，这两座城市的共同点是他们曾经是其他国家的殖民地。故选A项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据首段中的“Therearenumeroushistoricalwalledcitiesacrosstheworld,whosewallsdatebackseveralcenturies.(世界上有许多历史悠久的城墙城市，它们的城墙可以追溯到几个世纪以前。)”以及下文中的“Theyhavebeenpreservedashistoricalmonumentsandpopulartouristattractionsinthemoderntime.(它们在现代被保存为历史遗迹和热门旅游景点。)”可知，本文介绍的是有许多历史悠久的城墙城市，他们被保存为历史遗迹和热门旅游景点，由此可知，本文应是出自于杂志的文化部分。故选A项。B“It’sincredible.Ineverthoughtmydreamwouldcometruesosoon,”ChineseballetdancerChunWaiChanrecalledthescenewhenhegotthenewsthathewaspromotedtotheprincipaldancerwithNewYorkCityBallet(NYCB),thecompany’sfirstChineseandfourthAsianprincipaldancerin74years.BorninHuizhou,Guangdongin1992,Chanhasbecomeattachedtodancesincechildhood.However,hisparentspreferredhimtobeadoctororalawyerinthefuture.Theuncompromisingboythenwroteasevenlettertohisparentsdescribinghisresolutiontostudydance.Thankstothesincereletter,Chanfinallygainedthesupportofhisfamily,andattheageof12,hewasadmittedtoGuangzhouArtsSchool,markingthestartofhisdream-seekingjourney.Chan’sfirstturningpointinlifecameattheageof18,whenhewasafinalistinthe2010PrixdeLausanne,whichearnedhimafullscholarshiptostudywithHoustonBalletII.Twoyearslater,ChanjoinedHoustonBalletandbecameaprincipalin2017.There,hegainedareputationasaconfidentandsensitiveperformer.In2020,heappearedasacontestantontheChinesetelevisionshowDanceSmash,whichgainedhimalargefollowing.ChanreturnedtoNewYorklastyear,andwasfinallypromotedtotheprincipaldancerwiththeNYCBinMaythisyear.Heattributeshissuccesstohispassion,hardwork,concentration,perseveranceandthepursuitofexcellence.InChina,Chan’ssuccesshasbecomeasourceofpride.Newsofhispromotiontoprincipaldancerwaswidelycirculated,andhehasbeenfeaturedrepeatedlyintheChinesemedia.Afterperformances,audiencememberssometimestellChanthattheyhaveneverseenAsiandancersinleadingroles.Hehasbeenmovedtohearyoungdancersofcolorsayhisexamplehasgiventhemhopefortheirowncareers.“IusedtothinkIdancedjustformyself,”hesaid.“NowI’mdancingformyfamily,fortheaudience,forthewholedancecommunity.”4.WhatcanwelearnaboutChan?A.HeisthefirstAsianprincipaldancer.B.Heisfondofdancingwhenhewasyoung.C.Hisparentshavesupportedhimfromthebeginning.D.Hegainedthepopularityinthe2010PrixdeLausanne.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“uncompromising”inParagraph2mean?A.Determined. B.Careful. C.Thoughtful. D.Fearless.6.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeChan?A.Generousandconsiderate. B.Perseverantandtalented.C.Warm-heartedandambitious. D.Passionateanddevoted.7.WhydidChanchangehisopinionaboutthesignificanceofdancing?A.Becausehegotalotofpraisesfromtheaudience.BBecausehehadbeenpromotedtoprincipaldancer.C.Becauseherealizedhisdanceinspiredotherdancers.D.Becausehereceivedpersistentsupportfromhisfamily.【答案】4.B5.A6.D7.C【解析】【导语】本文是篇记叙文。文章讲述了中国芭蕾舞演员陈镇威成为纽约城市芭蕾舞团首席舞蹈演员，实现了自己梦想的经历和过程，他的成功也成为了许多年轻的有色人种舞者的榜样。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“BorninHuizhou,Guangdongin1992,Chanhasbecomeattachedtodancesincechildhood.”（陈1992年出生于广东惠州，从小就热爱舞蹈。）可知，陈镇威小时候喜欢跳舞。故选B。【5题详解】词义猜测题。根据第二段“However,hisparentspreferredhimtobeadoctororalawyerinthefuture.”（然而，他父母更希望他将来成为一名医生或律师。）和划线词所在句“Theuncompromisingboythenwroteasevenlettertohisparentsdescribinghisresolutiontostudydance.”（然后，这个uncompromising男孩给父母写了一封七页的信，描述了他学习舞蹈的决心。）可知，陈并不想从事父母希望的职业，他想要学习舞蹈，为此给父母写信表达自己学习舞蹈的决心，可见他下定决心、意志坚定，故uncompromising表示“坚定的、有决心的”。故选A。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Theuncompromisingboythenwroteasevenlettertohisparentsdescribinghisresolutiontostudydance.”（这个意志坚定的男孩给父母写了一封七页的信，描述了他学习舞蹈的决心。）和第四段“Heattributeshissuccesstohispassion,hardwork,concentration,perseveranceandthepursuitofexcellence.”（他把他的成功归功于他的热情、努力、专注、毅力和追求卓越。）和文章内容可知，陈镇威对舞蹈充满热情，全身心地专注于舞蹈事业，最终获得了成功。故选D。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Hehasbeenmovedtohearyoungdancersofcolorsayhisexamplehasgiventhemhopefortheirowncareers.”（听到年轻的有色人种舞者说他的榜样给了他们自己职业生涯的希望，他很感动。）和““IusedtothinkIdancedjustformyself,”hesaid.“NowI’mdancingformyfamily,fortheaudience,forthewholedancecommunity.””（他说:“我曾经认为我只是为自己跳舞。”“现在我是在为我的家人、为观众、为整个舞蹈界跳舞。”）可知，在他听到自己成为了其他人的榜样时，他改变了自己对舞蹈的意义的看法，说明这是因为他意识到了自己的舞蹈激励了其他人。故选C。CThereisplentyofresearchshowingthatintegration(融入)isdecisiveforasuccessfulstudentlife,bothsociallyandacademically,fortheindividualandfortheuniversity.Studentswhotakepartinactivitiesandfeelconnectedtotheirfellowstudentscangethighergradesandaremorelikelytocontinuestudying.Butgettingthereisachallenge—especiallywhenitcomestotheinternationalstudents.Iftheyareallowedtochoosefreely,theytendtocooperatewithpeoplefromthesamenationalgroupasthemselves.Theinteractionbetweenthestudentsisthereforeborderlineandreducesthefeelingofparticipationandbelonging.Soasuniversitiesinternationalize,theissuebecomesincreasinglypressing.Butwhathappensifthestudentsarenotallowedtodecideforthemselves,butinsteadtheteacherprovidescircumstancesforthosewhowillcooperate?Well,thenyouseeverypositiveeffects.Itbecameveryclearthatacademicandsocialdifferenceswerebridgedwhentheteacherdecidedthepairs,becausethestudentswereforcedtodealwithchallengestogetherinacompletelydifferentwaythanwhentheychosetheirownpartnersorworkedinlargergroups.Workinginpairsreducedthestressthatthetaskbroughtin.Theysharedthetasksfairlyandthewayofworkinggaverisetonewpersonalcommunicationandinsomecasesevenfriendships.Asurprisewastheresultaboutcommunication.Unlikepreviousstudiesshowingthatcommunicationininterculturalgroupsisabarrier,itwasquitetheoppositehere.Oneofthefactorsthatthestudentsvaluedmostwasgoodcommunication.OneexplanationcouldbethatpreviousstudiesweredoneinEnglish-speakingcountries,whileinourstudyalmostnoonehadEnglishastheirmothertongue.Thismeansthateveryonewasusedtospeakingandunderstandingasecondlanguage.Integrationdoesnothappenbyitself,andwecannotputtheresponsibilityonindividualstudents.Weneedteacherguidanceandstructuredactionatalllevelssothateverysinglestudentcanexperienceparticipationandbelongingandcanreachtheirfullpotential.8Whichofthefollowingisespeciallydifficultfortheinternationalstudents?A.Decidingwhethertogoonwiththeirstudy.B.Obtainingthequalificationtostudyabroad.C.Integratingwiththeirfellowstudentscompletely.D.Cooperatingwithpeoplefromthesamecountry.9.Howdoteachersaffectinternationalstudents’study?A.Bygettingthemtocooperatewithcertainclassmates.B.Bygivingthemmoreacademicquestionstodiscuss.C.Throughneweducationsystemtopreferentiallytreatthem.D.Bymeansofformingspecialgroupswiththesamenationality.10.Whatconclusioncanbedrawnfromtherecentresearch?A.Communicationininterculturalgroupsisthebiggestbarrier.B.Forcedcommunicationisnotgoodforstudents’integration.C.Englishplaysadecisiveroleincross-culturalcommunication.D.Communicationbetweendifferentlanguagesbecomesactive.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Internationalstudentsarefacingmanychallenges.B.Pairingstudentssupportsintegrationatuniversities.C.Studentslackparticipationandasenseofbelonging.D.Universityinternationalizationbecomesincreasinglypressing.【答案】8.C9.A10.D11.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了大学是国际化的，但在使来自不同国家的学生融合到一起方面存在困难。一项新研究指出了一种既能缩小学业和社会差距，又能提高幸福感的方法。秘诀是结对学习——由老师选择。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Studentswhotakepartinactivitiesandfeelconnectedtotheirfellowstudentscangethighergradesandaremorelikelytocontinuestudying.Butgettingthereisachallenge—especiallywhenitcomestotheinternationalstudents.(参加活动并感受到与同学联系的学生可以获得更高的成绩，更有可能继续学习。但要做到这一点是一个挑战，尤其是对国际学生来说)”可知，留学生完全融入他们的同学是个挑战。故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Itbecameveryclearthatacademicandsocialdifferenceswerebridgedwhentheteacherdecidedthepairs,becausethestudentswereforcedtodealwithchallengestogetherinacompletelydifferentwaythanwhentheychosetheirownpartnersorworkedinlargergroups.(很明显，当老师决定组合时，学术和社会差异被弥合了，因为学生们被迫以一种完全不同于他们自己选择搭档或在更大的团队中工作时的方式一起应对挑战)”可知，老师通过让国际学生与某些同学合作来影响他们的学习。故选A。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Unlikepreviousstudiesshowingthatcommunicationininterculturalgroupsisabarrier,itwasquitetheoppositehere.(与以往的研究表明跨文化群体中的交流是一种障碍不同，这次的研究结果恰恰相反)”可推知，新的研究发现，老师主导的配对学习把跨文化交流由障碍变成了积极的因素。故选D。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“Itbecameveryclearthatacademicandsocialdifferenceswerebridgedwhentheteacherdecidedthepairs,becausethestudentswereforcedtodealwithchallengestogetherinacompletelydifferentwaythanwhentheychosetheirownpartnersorworkedinlargergroups.(很明显，当老师决定组合时，学术和社会差异被弥合了，因为学生们被迫以一种完全不同于他们自己选择搭档或在更大的团队中工作时的方式一起应对挑战)”结合文章说明了大学是国际化的，但在使来自不同国家的学生融合到一起方面存在困难。一项新研究指出了一种既能缩小学业和社会差距，又能提高幸福感的方法。秘诀是结对学习——由老师选择。由此可知，B选项Pairingstudentssupportsintegrationatuniversities(结对学生支持大学的融合)最符合文章标题。故选B。DWhenForduncoveredtheF-150Lightninglastweek—anall-electricversionofthebest-sellingvehicleintheUnitedStates—itwasabigmomentintheshorthistoryofelectriccars.The530horsepower,6,500-poundtruck’sstickerpriceofjustunder$40,000drewcomparisonstoFord’sModelT,thevehiclecreditedwithmakingcarsaccessibletothemiddleclass.Inthefirst48hoursafterthebattery-poweredvehiclepresentation,Fordreceivedcloseto45,000pre-ordersforit,equaltonearly20percentofallelectricvehicles(EV)manufacturedintheUSin2020.TheF-150Lightning,alongwiththehundredsofotherEVmodelstopautomakersarerollingoutinthenextfewyears,indicatesthattheEVrevolutionisfinallygoingmainstream.Butasthisindustry,whichiskeytofightingagainstclimatechange,matures,anewchallengeiscomingout:howtoacquireallofthemineralsneededtomakeEVbatteries.Thematerialssuchaslithium(锂)andcopperinsidethosebatterieswereall,atonepoint,minedfromtheearth.Today,muchofthatminingisconcentratedinplaceslikeRussia,Indonesia,andtheDemocraticRepublicofCongo.WiththenumberofEVsontheroadsexpectedtorise,demandforbatterymineralsistoincreasegreatly.Someindustrywatchdogswarnthatthecleantransitboomcouldfueladirtyminingboom.WhileonlyasmallnumberofEVbatterieshaveagedoffthestreetsalready,millionsoftonsofbatteriesareexpectedtobewithdrawnoverthecomingdecades.Butbetterrecyclingmethodsandgovernmentpoliciestosupportthemareneededtoensurethatbatteriesdon’twindupinlandfillsinstead.Evenifrecyclingonlymeetsaquartertoathirdofourbatterymineraldemandoverthecomingdecades,Riofrancos,apoliticalscientistatProvidenceCollegeinRhodeIslandwhostudiesresourceextractionandgreentechnology,saysit’sanimportantareatofocusonbecauseithelpsus“rethinkourrelationshipwithtechnology”.12.WhatisthetotalnumberofEVsproducedintheUSin2020?A.About900,000. B.About225,000.C.About45,000. D.About6,500.13.WhatcanwelearnaboutthelaunchoftheF-150Lightningintomarket?A.Ithelpssolvetheproblemoffuelshortage.B.Itsuggestscarcompanieswonanewchallenge.C.ItsignalstheEVrevolutionwillbeamaintrend.D.Itmeansgovernmentwillstoppolicysupportsoon.14.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytalkabout?A.Thebenefitsofconcentratedmining. B.Theprocessofminingbatterymaterials.C.Thereasonforinternationalcooperation. D.Theproblemsofminingbatterymaterials.15.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodointhelastparagraph?A.Assessthedemandforbatterymaterials.B.Rethinkthelaunchofelectricvehicles.C.ProvideanewwaytorecycleEVbatteries.D.Raisepeople’sawarenessofrecyclingEVbatteries.【答案】12.B13.C14.D15.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了随着电动汽车的繁荣，如何回收利用电动汽车电池将成为人们面临的一个问题。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Inthefirst48hoursafterthebattery-poweredvehiclepresentation,Fordreceivedcloseto45,000pre-ordersforit,equaltonearly20percentofallelectricvehicles(EV)manufacturedintheUSin2020.(在电动汽车展示后的头48小时内，福特收到了近4.5万份订单，相当于2020年美国所有电动汽车(EV)产量的近20%。)”可知，美国2020年生产的电动汽车大约有22.5万辆。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“TheF-150Lightning,alongwiththehundredsofotherEVmodelstopautomakersarerollingoutinthenextfewyears,indicatesthattheEVrevolutionisfinallygoingmainstream.(F-150闪电以及其他数百款顶级汽车制造商将在未来几年推出的电动汽车车型，预示着电动汽车革命最终将成为主流。)”可知，F-150闪电进入市场标志着电动汽车革命将是一个主要趋势。故选C。【14题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“Thematerialssuchaslithiumandcopperinsidethosebatterieswereall,atonepoint,minedfromtheearth.Today,muchofthatminingisconcentratedinplaceslikeRussia,Indonesia,andtheDemocraticRepublicofCongo.WiththenumberofEVsontheroadsexpectedtorise,demandforbatterymineralsistoincreasegreatly.(这些电池中的锂和铜等材料一度都是从地球上开采出来的。如今，大部分开采集中在俄罗斯、印度尼西亚和刚果民主共和国等地。随着道路上电动汽车数量的增加，对电池矿物的需求将大大增加。)”可知，本段主要阐述了开采电动汽车电池原料的问题。故选D。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“WhileonlyasmallnumberofEVbatterieshaveagedoffthestreetsalready,millionsoftonsofbatteriesareexpectedtobewithdrawnoverthecomingdecades.Butbetterrecyclingmethodsandgovernmentpoliciestosupportthemareneededtoensurethatbatteriesdon’twindupinlandfillsinstead.(虽然目前只有一小部分电动汽车电池已经老化，但预计未来几十年将有数百万吨电池被淘汰。但需要更好的回收方法和政府政策来支持它们，以确保电池不会被填埋。)”可知，作者认为需要更好的回收方法和政府政策来回收电池，保证其不会被填埋而污染环境，可得出作者想要提高人们回收利用电动汽车电池的意识。故选D。第二节(共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Formanyhighschoolstudentsitseemsthatthereisneverenoughtime.Thereareseveralstepsyoucantaketoorganizeyourtimebetter.First,makeato-dolisteveryday.Itmakesiteasytoplananyoftheactivitiesormeetingsyoumayhaveinadditiontohomework.Besuretosetpriorities(优先事项).___16___Usesparetimewisely.Doyouhavestudyhall(自习时间)?Insteadofwastingthattime,readabookordoyourhomework.___17___Ifafriendasksyoutodosomethingandyouhavehomeworktodo,realizewhichismoreimportantandseeyourfriendlater.Decideonthetimethatisgoodforyoutodocertainthings.Ifyouaremoreofamorningperson,trygettingupanhourearlieranddoyourschoolworkbeforeschool.Reviewyournoteseveryday.___18___Ifyouspendafewminutesattheendofeverydaygoingoverwhatyoulearnt,itwillmeanlessstudytimewhenitistimefortheexam.___19___Studieshaveshownthatgettingenoughresthelpsyourmemory.Whenyouaretired,everythingseemsmoredifficult.Itisbesttostayonaregularsleepingcycleasmuchaspossible.Tellyourfriendsandfamilyaboutyourworktimetable.Explainthatyouwillbeworkingatcertaintimesandaskthemnottodisturbyou.___20___Youcancallyourfriendslater.A.Setgoalsforyourself.B.Getagoodnight’ssleep.C.Dothemostimportanttasksfirst.D.Also,donotbeafraidtosay“no”.E.Youshouldfinishyourtaskontime.F.Don’ttakephonecallsduringthetimeyousetasideforwork.G.Don’twaituntiljustbeforeatesttotrytoremembereverything.【答案】16.C17.D18.G19.B20.F【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。对很多高中生来说时间似乎总是不够用，文章就如何合理、有效地安排时间给学生提供了几条建议。【16题详解】根据上文“Besuretosetpriorities.(一定要设定优先事项。)”可知，此处建议要把最重要的事优先做完。选项C“先做最重要的任务。”和上文意思一致。故选C。【17题详解】根据下文“Ifafriendasksyoutodosomethingandyouhavehomeworktodo,realizewhichismoreimportantandseeyourfriendlater.(如果一个朋友让你做某事，而你有家庭作业要做，意识到哪一个更重要，然后再去见你的朋友)”可知，要学会对他人说“不”，把次要的事推后。选项D“此外，不要害怕说‘不’。”和下文意思一致。故选D。【18题详解】根据上文“Reviewyournoteseveryday.(每天复习笔记。)”和下文“ Ifyouspendafewminutesattheendofeverydaygoingoverwhatyoulearnt,itwillmeanlessstudytimewhenitistimefortheexam.(如果你每天结束时花几分钟复习所学内容，这将意味着到了考试时间时学习时间会减少。)”可知，此处告诫学生不要等到考试前才花时间读书复习，而要未雨绸缪。选项G“不要等到考试前才试着记住所有的东西。”和上下文意思一致。故选G。【19题详解】根据下文“Studieshaveshownthatgettingenoughresthelpsyourmemory.Whenyouaretired,everythingseemsmoredifficult.Itisbesttostayonaregularsleepingcycleasmuchaspossible.(研究表明，得到足够的休息有助于你的记忆力。当你累的时候，一切似乎都会变得更困难。最好尽可能保持规律的睡眠周期。)”可知，晚间睡眠质量的好坏至关重要。选项B“晚上睡个好觉。”和下文意思一致。故选B。【20题详解】根据上文“Explainthatyouwillbeworkingatcertaintimesandaskthemnottodisturbyou.(解释你将在特定时间工作，并要求他们不要打扰你)”和下文“Youcancallyourfriendslater.(你可以稍后给你的朋友打电话)”可知，学习期间不要接听电话，以免受到干扰。选项F“在你为学习留出的时间里，不要接电话。”和上下文意思一致。故选F。第二部分英语知识运用(共三节，满分55分)第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。OnedayIcamehome,frustrated.IaskedmymomtonolongerputMiddleEastern____21____inmylunch.Sheandmyfatherbecamequiet.Myfather____22____hiscrosswordpuzzleandmymother,throughquestioning,gotmeto____23____thattheotherstudentsgavemeaverydifficulttimewhenIpulledoutfoodthatdidn’tlooklikeeverybodyelse’s.SoIasked,―Fromnowon,couldwedopeanutbutterandjellyonWonderBreadandanapple?Andthenmybrotherandsisterwalkedinandsaidthey’dlikethesamebecausetheywere____24____itaswell.Myfather’sfamilywasfromSyria;mymom’sfromPalestine.Wehad____25____thatweren’texactlyinagreementwithourschoolmates;wehadfoodthatwas____26____;wehadholidaycustomsthatwerenotthesameaseverybodyelse.Sometimeswecould____27____out.Mymotherdidn’tsaytoomuchwhenIbroughtupthelunch____28____.Butaboutaweeklatertheteacher____29____thatweshouldnotbringlunchesthefollowingday,norshouldwebringlunch_____30_____forthecafeteria,thatweweregoingtohavesomesortofa_____31_____foodevent.Thenextdayatlunch,in_____32_____mymotherwithboxesofMiddleEasternfood.Theteacher_____33_____her.―ThisisMrs.Nimen.ThisisTom’smom.Shepulledouttabbouleh,hummus,babaghanoush,andherhomemadebread.Shehadbakedbreadforthe_____34_____classtotakehome.Now,Iwouldliketotellyouthatthis_____35_____someofthelow-graderacialissueswefaced.Andshe,ifIthinkaboutitnow,isaveryearlypioneerofdiversity,inaverysmartway,usingMiddleEasternhospitality.21.A.meat B.roast C.food D.bacon22.A.finished B.dropped C.raised D.solved23.A.reveal B.confirm C.advocate D.deny24.A.diggingthrough B.doingwith C.goingthrough D.connectingwith25.A.expressions B.houses C.looks D.friends26.A.preserved B.different C.tasty D.processed27.A.stick B.figure C.make D.reach28.A.box B.tradition C.recipe D.issue29.A.announced B.lectured C.reported D.claimed30.A.equipment B.hour C.break D.money31.A.delicate B.nutritious C.bitter D.special32.A.came B.engaged C.broke D.went33.A.greeted B.introduced C.supported D.told34.A.brief B.specific C.entire D.private35.A.interrupted B.ended C.concluded D.raised【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.C25.C26.B27.A28.D29.A30.D31.D32.A33.B34.C35.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者因为带到学校作为午餐的食物与其他同学的不同而遭遇歧视，但是作者的母亲以友好而智慧的方式改变了这一局面。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我让我妈妈不要再在我的午餐里放中东食物。A.meat肉；B.roast烤；C.food食物；D.bacon培根。根据“whenIpulledoutfoodthatdidn’tlooklikeeverybodyelse’s.(当我拿出跟别人不一样的食物时)”可知，这里作者是因为午餐食物不受欢迎，所以不想让妈妈放食物。故选C。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：父亲放下了手里的填字游戏，母亲经过一番询问我，问出了缘由，我跟她说，当我拿出和别人不一样的食物时，其他学生的反应让我很难受。A.finished完成；B.dropped下降；C.raised提高；D.solved解决。根据上文“Sheandmyfatherbecamequiet.(爸爸妈妈立即安静下来)”可知，此处爸妈听到作者的话，显得吃惊，所以会停下手里的事情，开始询问。故选B。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：父亲放下了手里的填字游戏，母亲经过一番询问我，问出了缘由，我跟她说，当我拿出和别人不一样的食物时，其他学生的反应让我很难受。A.reveal揭示；B.confirm确认；C.advocate提倡；D.deny否认。根据上文“throughquestioning(经过一番询问)”可知，妈妈问我缘由，所以我会说出真相，故选A。【24题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：然后我哥哥和姐姐走进来，说他们也不想让妈妈放中东食物了，因为他们经历了同样的事。A.diggingthrough挖掘；B.doingwith处理；C.goingthrough经历；D.connectingwith结合。根据“they’dlikethesame(他们也不想让妈妈放中东食物了)”可知，在学校里我，哥哥，姐姐都因为午餐食物受到了同样的困扰，所以才不让妈妈放了，所以是他们经历的遭遇。故选C。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的长相与同学们不太一样。A.expressions表达；B.houses房屋；C.looks相貌；D.friends朋友。根据上文“Myfather’sfamilywasfromSyria;mymom’sfromPalestine.(爸爸来自利比亚，妈妈来自巴勒斯坦)”可知，因为一家人不是本土美国人，因此我们的外貌不同于大多数同学。故选C。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们吃的食物不同。A.preserved保留的；B.different不同的；C.tasty美味的；D.processed处理的。根据上文“Myfather’sfamilywasfromSyria;mymom’sfromPalestine.(爸爸来自利比亚，妈妈来自巴勒斯坦)”可知，由于我们来自不同的民族，因此饮食文化会不一样，故选B。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时我们站在人群中特别显眼。A.stick刺；B.figure弄清楚；C.make使得；D.reach到达。根据上文“Myfather’sfamilywasfromSyria;mymom’sfromPalestine.(爸爸来自利比亚，妈妈来自巴勒斯坦)”可知，我们来自中东地区，因此着装打扮，饮食文化与周围人有着显著不同，因此会显得与别人与众不同。短语“stickout”意为“醒目，显眼”，故选A。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我提出午餐的问题时，我母亲没有说太多。A.box盒子；B.tradition传统；C.recipe配方；D.issue问题。根据上文“theotherstudentsgavemeaverydifficulttimewhenIpulledoutfoodthatdidn’tlooklikeeverybodyelse’s.(当我拿出与别人不一样的食物时，同学的反应让我很难受)”可知，因为食物原因，同学们的反应对我构成困扰，因此这对我来说是一个难堪的问题。故选D。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但大约一个星期后，老师宣布第二天我们不用带午餐，也不用带去食堂吃饭的饭钱，我们将举行一个特殊的午餐活动。A.announced宣布；B.lectured作报告；C.reported报道；D.claimed声称。根据下文“weshouldnotbringlunchesthefollowingday(我们明天不用带午餐来)”可知，老师在宣布告知我们明天的安排。故选A。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但大约一个星期后，老师宣布第二天我们不用带午餐，也不用带去食堂吃饭的饭钱，我们将举行一个特殊的午餐活动。A.equipment设备；B.hour荣誉；C.break休息；D.money钱。根据上文“weshouldnotbringlunchesthefollowingday(我们明天不用带午餐来)”可知，按照常理，如果不带做好的午餐，那么就要在午餐时付钱购买，因此这里指买饭的钱。故选D。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但大约一个星期后，老师宣布第二天我们不用带午餐，也不用带去食堂吃饭的饭钱，我们将举行一个特殊的午餐活动。A.delicate精致的；B.nutritious营养的；C.bitter痛苦的；D.special特殊的。根据下文“withboxesofMiddleEasternfood.(带着一些中东食物)”可知，这次的午饭形式与往常是不一样的，是特殊的午餐内容和形式。故选D。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天吃午饭的时候，我母亲带着几盒中东食物进来了。A.came来；B.engaged订婚；C.broke打破；D.went走。根据句子结构分析可知，此处是倒装句，“camein”意为“走进来”，表示妈妈走进教室，带着一些中东食物。故选A。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：老师向大家介绍了她。这是尼曼太太，也是汤姆的妈妈。A.greeted欢迎；B.introduced介绍；C.supported支持；D.told告诉。根据下文“ThisisMrs.Nimen.ThisisTom’smom(这是尼曼太太，是Tom的妈妈)”可知，这里是老师在向同学们介绍妈妈，故选B。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她烤了面包给全班同学带回家。A.brief简短的；B.specific具体的；C.entire全部的；D.private私人的。根据上文“weshouldnotbringlunchesthefollowingday(我们明天不用自带午餐)”可知，这里老师让全班同学不带午饭，说明这里妈妈带来的食物是要分享给全班同学。故选C。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，我想说的是，这一举动终结了我们面临的一些低级种族问题。A.interrupted打断；B.ended终结；C.concluded总结；D.raised提高。根据下文“Andshe,ifIthinkaboutitnow,isaveryearlypioneerofdiversity,inaverysmartway,usingMiddleEasternhospitality.(如果现在想想，我觉得妈妈她一个开明的人，以一种非常睿智的方式，利用了中东的好客的特点帮我化解了这种无形的种族歧视)”可知，妈妈的行为最终终结了因为午餐问题引起的种族歧视问题。故选B。第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TaylorSwiftisendingheryearwithanotherhonor.Thepopsuperstar____36____(name)Timemagazine’s2023“PersonoftheYear,”____37____(beat)outBarbieandKingCharlesIII.“Whileherpopularity____38____(grow)acrossthedecades,thisisthefirstyear____39____Swift,33,achievedakindofnuclearfusion(核聚变):shootingartandcommercetogether____40____(release)anenergyofhistoricforce,”themagazinesaid.TimesaidSwiftwasselected____41____shefoundawaytogivepeoplearoundtheworldhopeinsomeseriouslydarktimes.“Nooneelse____42____theplanettodaycanmovesomanypeoplesowell,”Timesaidinitsprofile,“____43____givingtoomuchcreditto____44____starignoresherskillandherpower.”ThemagazinealsointerviewedSwift,withtheartistrevealingthat“t