广东省阳江市2023-2024学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题

机密★启用前2023-2024学年度第一学期高二期末测试英语试题本试卷共9页。考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。注意事项:1.答题前,考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚,将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。2.选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂;非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写,字体工整、笔迹清楚。3.请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答,超出答题区域书写的答案无效;在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。4.作图可先使用铅笔画出,确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。5.保持卡面清洁,不要折叠,不要弄破、弄皱,不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ATopScientificBreakthroughsin2023Thepaceofinnovationneverslows,andtheimpactofthebreakthroughswillredefinethewaywelive,workandconnectwiththeworld.ANewEraforSpaceExplorationSpaceexplorationisoneofthecoremissionsinmanycountries.Recently,thenewestmissiontothemoonwaslaunchedasNASA’sArtemisProgram,whichwouldpavethewayforafuturemissiontoMars.Thisneweraofspaceexplorationwilldrivetechnologicaladvancementsinfieldsbeyondastronauticsandstimulateprogressinreal-worldapplicationslikematerials,foodscience,andmodernindustry.AMilestoneinAIPredictionsFordecades,thescientificcommunityhaschasedagreaterunderstandingofrelationshipsbetweenproteinfunctionsand3Dstructures.InJuly2023,DeepMindrevealedthatthefolded3Dstructureofaproteinmolecule(分子),whichreducedthenumberofhumanproteinswithunknownstructuraldatafrom4,800tojust29.WhiletherewillalwaysbechallengeswithAI,theabilitytopredictproteinstructuresinbiologyhasimplicationsacrossalllifesciences.GreenerFertilizerProductionEveryyear,billionsofpeopledependonfertilizersfortheongoingproductionoffood,andreducingthecarbonfootprintandexpensesinfertilizerproductionwouldreshapetheimpactagriculturehasonemissions.Toreduceenergyrequirements,researchersfromTokyoTechhavedevelopedanoble-metal-freecatalyst(催化剂),whichismuchmoreenvironmentallyfriendlyandsafertotheagriculturalproduces.Supercomputer—ExascaleExascalecomputers,whichcanperformamind-bogglingquintillion(1018)mathematicaloperationspersecond,finallyarrivedin2023.They’vealreadyhelpedrefineweatherforecastsanddesignnewmaterials,andnewoneswillbecomingonlinesoon.Theworld’smostpowerfulsupercomputers,operatingatthefarfrontierofspeedknownastheexascale,havenowbeguntoboom.Theseresultsfromexascalemachinescomingonlineinthenextfewyearspromisetoopenanewwindowintomaterials,climatescience,andmedicine.Tostayaheadofemergingtrendsnewdiscoveriesanduniqueperspectives,weinviteyoutosubscribetoCASInsights!1.WhatdotheSpaceExplorationandFertilizerProductionhaveincommon?A.Theytakealotoftime. B.Theymakeinfluenceonthefood.CTheyneedgovernmentcooperation. D.Theycostabigsumofmoneytomaintain.2.Whichaspecthasacloseconnectionwithbiology?A.ANewEraforSpaceExploration. B.AMilestoneinAIPredictions.C.GreenerFertilizerProduction. D.Supercomputers—Exascale.3.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Atextbook. B.Anexampaper. C.Amagazine. D.Asciencefiction.BOncearichandcleverboyhadpracticallyeverythingaboycouldwant,sohewasnotinterestedinmosttoys.Becausehecouldn’tgetaveryoldmirror,heconvincedhisparentstobuyitfromamysteriousoldman.Whenthemirrorarrivedhome,theboywenttoseehisreflectioninit.Hisfacelookedverysadindeed.Hetriedsmilingandmakingfunnyfaces,buthisreflectioncontinuedwithitssadexpression.“Whataterriblemirror!It’sthefirsttimeI’veseenamirrorthatdidn’tworkproperly!”theboyjumpedviolently.Thatsameafternoonhewentintothestreettoplayandboughtafewtoys,butonhiswaytotheparkhesawalittlegirlwhowascryingherheartout.Thegirlwascryingsomuchandlookedsolonelythattherichboywentovertohelpherandtoseewhathadhappened.Thelittlegirltoldhimthatshehadlostherparents.Togetherthetwosetoffinsearchofthegirl’sparents.Asthelittlegirlwouldn’tstopcrying,theboyspenthismoneybuyinghersweetstocheerherup.Finally,aftermuchwalking,theyfoundherparentswhoweremuchworriedandwerelookingforhereverywhere.Therichboysaidgoodbyetothem.Asitwasgettinglate,hedecidedtoheadforhome,withoutbeingabletoplay.Athome,hewenttohisroom,andnoticedashininglightinthecorner,thesamecornerhehadleftthemirrorin.Seeingthis,hewentovertothemirror,andrealizedthatthelightwascomingfromhisownbody,soradiant(闪亮的)withhappinesshehadbecome.Andsoheunderstoodthemysteryofthatmirror,theonlymirrorwhichcouldfaithfullyreflectthetruejoyofitsowner.Herealizeditwastrue.Hefeltveryhappyathavinghelpedthatlittlegirl.Andsincethen,eachmorningwhenhelookedinthatmirrorandfailedtoseeaspecialshine,heknewwhathehadtodotobringitback.4.Howdidtheboyfeelwhenhefirstlookedintothemirror?A.Embarrassed.B.Angry.C.Worried.D.Satisfied.5.Whywasthelittlegirlcryingsohard?A.Shecouldn’tfindherparents.B.Shecouldn’tgetthemysteriousmirror.C.Herparentscouldn’tbuytoysforher.D.Theboyrefusedtogivehistoystoher.6.Whatcouldtheboyseeinthemirrorafterhewentbackfromthepark?A.Ashiningtoy.B.Abrokenmirror.C.Aradiantlight.D.Thelovelygirl.7.Whatisthepurposeofthistext?A.Totellusahorriblestory.B.Tointroducetousastrangemirror.CTowarnusnottobeselfish.D.Toencourageustohelpothers.CAsaresultoftrade,travelandmigration,differentcuisineshavespreadacrosstheworld.Manyrecipes,chefsandrestaurantstrytoannouncethattheirfoodofacountryorregionisthemostauthentic(正宗的).Butisthisagoodthing?Peoplecareaboutauthenticitybecausefoodtraditionsarecloselylinkedtoidentity,particularlyformigrantcommunities.Sociologistandprofessoroffoodstudies,KrishnenduRay,explainsthathomecookingisoftenthelastwaythatcommunitiescanshowtheiridentity.BritishcelebritychefJamieOliverwasaccusedoftryingtotakeadvantageofpositivefeelingsaboutJamaica.HisreadymealproducthadaJamaicanname,butwasunlikerealJamaicancooking.However,foodconsultantSaraKayaskswhetherthereareproblemswiththeideaofauthenticity.Shestressesthattheseideasoftencomefromtheexpectationsthatmajoritycultureshaveaboutminorityculturesandtheirfood.Thesecanberestricting—restauranteurshavecomplainedthatpeopleexpectAsianfoodtobecheaperthanthatfromEuropeancultures.Expectationscanalsogivepeopleafalseideaofwhatisauthentic.Whilelargecitiesarefullofeateriesrepresentingdifferentcountries—China,India,Italy,Mexicoandmore—theselabelscanoversimplifytherealityoffoodfromthesecountries.StephanieElizondoGreistissurprisedbytherecognitionthatfoodsinMexicoaremoreauthenticthanwhatsheategrowingupasaMexican-AmericaninTexas,becauseshefeelsthatbothareauthenticexamplesofMexicanfood.AmorecontroversialviewofauthenticitywasstatedbyAmericanChefAndrewZimmern,whoclaimedthathecouldbringinChinesedishesinamoreauthenticwaythanexistingrestaurants—manyofwhichareownedbyChinese-Americans.WriterandfoodpodcasterRuthTampointsoutthatwhiletheserestaurantsalteredtheirmenustosuitlocaltastes,sodoesZimmern.So,whilefoodandidentityarecloselylinked,andfailuretorespectauthenticitycancauseoffence,couldtherebeproblemswiththewholeideaofauthenticity?8.Whichofthefollowingfactorscausespeopletocareaboutauthenticity?A.Position. B.Decoration. C.Taste. D.Price.9.WhatisthemainideaofParagraph3?A.Eateriesindifferentcountriescontributetotheauthenticproblem.B.Expectationaboutauthenticitymaycauseproblems.C.AsianfoodischeaperthanEuropeanfood.D.YoucanenjoythetraditionaltasteofMexicanfoodbothinMexicoandAmerica.10.WhichstatementmightStephanieElizondoGreistagreewith?A.Therecanbeonlyoneauthentictasteinacountry.B.WhatsheeatsinTexasmeansnothingtoher.C.Theregionalspecialitiesshouldbethesameinacountry.D.Everypersoncanhavehisorherownrecognitionofauthenticity.11.Inwhichcolumnofthenewspapercanweprobablyreadthepassage?A.Food&Culture B.Science&TechnologyC.Sports&Health D.Literature&ArtDWhenMilletwasaboyheworkedonhisneedyfather’sfarm.Attheresthourinthefieldstheotherworkerswouldalltakenaps,butyoungMilletwouldspendtimedrawing.Finally,thevillagewherehelivedgavehimalittlemoneytoParistostudyart.WhenMilletreachedParis,hehadatoughtime.Fortunately,whenhewasalmoststarving,someoneboughtoneofhispeasantpaintings,whichenabledhisfamilytoleaveforBarbizon.Millet’spicturesofpeasantsatworkwerepaintedinauniqueway.Thepainterwouldgooutonthefarmsandwatchthemcarefully—digging,hoeing,spreadingmanure,sawingwood,orsowinggrain.Thenhewouldcomehomeandpaintwhathehadseen.Soastonishinglyaccuratewashismemorythathecouldpaintathomewithoutmodelsandgetallthemovementsofhisfiguresright.Whenhedidneedafiguretogoby,hewouldaskhiswifetoposeforhim.Oneofhisnotedartworksiscalled“TheSower”,whichshowsamanseeding.Hereachesintohisbagforseedandthenswingsbackwardtoscattertheseed,andwitheachswingofhishandthesowerstridesforward.InMillet’spicturethesowerhasbeenworkinghard,buthisswingingstepandarmstillmovesmoothly,likeamachine.Onlytheman’sheadrevealshisgreattiredness.Anothermasterpieceiscalled“TheGleaners”.Agleanerissomeonepickinguptheleftoverinthefieldafterthewheatharvest.WhenfarmersnearBarbizonareextremelybadly-off,eventhelittlethegleanerscanfindisahelp.YoucanseefromMillet’spicturewhatback-breakingworkgleaningmustbe.12.WhatdoweknowaboutMillet?A.Hiswifesupportedhimtobeapainter. B.Hewaskeenonpaintingasakid.C.HespenthiswholelifeinBarbizon. D.HewasbroughtupinParis.13.Howdidhepaintthelaboringfarmers?A.Askingmodelsforhelp. B.Imaginingfiguresinthefield.C.Rememberingwhathehadobserved D.Recallingthedaysonhisfather’sfarm.14.WhatdoMillet’sworksconvey?A.Thefarmers’hardships. B.Thesceneoffarming.C.Hisloveforthevillage. D.Hisanxietyaboutthefarmers.15.Whichisthetextmostlikelytobetakenfrom?A.Ashort-storycollection B.ApersonaldiaryC.Amagazineofart D.Asciencemagazine阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)DoLobsters(龙虾)FeelPain?Thetraditionalmethodforcookingalobster—boilingitalive—raisesthequestionofwhetherornotlobstersfeelpain.____16____Lobstersgobadveryquicklyaftertheydie,andeatingadeadlobsterincreasestheriskofillnessandreducesthequalityofitsflavor.However,iflobstersarecapableoffeelingpain,themethodandothers,suchasstoringthelivelobsteronice,raisemoralquestionsforchefsandlobstereatersalike.____17____Lobstershaveaperipheralsystemlikehumans,butinsteadofasinglebrain,theypossessnervecluster(神经簇).Becauseofthisdifference,someresearchersarguelobstersaretoodissimilartovertebrates(脊椎动物)tofeelpain.Nonetheless,lobstersdosatisfyallofthestandardforapainresponse.Lobstersguardtheirinjuries,learntoavoiddangeroussituations,respondtoanesthetics,andarebelievedtopossesssomelevelofconsciousness.____18____Thereisgrowingevidencethatlobstersmayfeelpain.____19____Currently,boilinglobstersaliveisillegalinSwitzerland,NewZealand,andtheItaliancityReggioEmilia.ThemosthumanetoolforcookingalobsteristheCrustaStun.Thisdeviceelectrocutesalobster,makingitunconsciousinlessthanhalfasecondorkillingitin5to10seconds.Andthen,itcanbecutapartorboiled.Unfortunately,theCrustaStunistooexpensiveformostrestaurantsandpeopletoafford.Somerestaurantsplacealobsterinaplasticbagandplaceitinthefreezerforacoupleofhours,duringwhichtimeitlosesconsciousnessanddies.____20____Butitisprobablythemosthumaneoptionforkillingalobsterbeforecookingandeatingit.A.Thissolutionisnotideal.B.Soitisnowbecomingillegaltoboillobstersaliveorkeepthemonice.C.Lobstersarepopularfoodinmanycountries.D.Somostscientistsbelievethatinjuringalobstercausesphysicalpain.E.Scientistsdisagreeoverwhetherornotlobstersfeelpain.F.Manyrestaurantschoosemorehumanemethodstocookit.G.Thiscookingwayisusedtoimprovehumans’diningexperience.第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。IwasgettingmoreexcitedaswegotoffthetrainatbeautifulGrandCentralStation.AftertourattheMuseumofModernArt,we___21___RadioCityMusicHallandtheChristmastreeatRockefellerCenter.Inoneofthe___22___inthearea,IfoundatinyboxedsetofPeterRabbitbooks,perfectformy___23___.WasthereanythinglikeChristmasinNewYork?Havingexperiencedanexcitingandtiringtour,wecalleda___24___backtoGrandCentralStation.OnthewayhomeIrealizedthatmyhandbagwasgone--lostor___25___.Ihadnoidea.Allthemagicofthisspecialday___26___.Iglumly(闷闷不乐地)picturedajam-packedDepartmentofMotorVehiclesandallthephonecallsthatI’dhavetomaketogetmy___27___cardsreplacedwithnewones.AndI’dnever___28___allthosepreciousphotosofmydaughters.ThedaysslippedbywhileIgotridestocollegeand___29___goingtotheDMV(车管所)atsuchabusytimeofyear.ThenIgotanunexpected____30____,aboxwiththereturnaddressofRadioCityMusicHall.____31____,Iopeneditandshoutedinajoyful____32____.Therewasmyoldhandbag,witheverything____33____goodinside—license,cardsandphotos—andonethingthathadn’tbeenthere____34____,ahandwrittennote,saying,“Ifoundthishandbaglyingundertheseatofmytaxiby____35____.MerryChristmas!”21.A.reached B.entered C.visited D.noticed22.A.shops B.factories C.schools D.hospitals23.A.sons B.daughters C.cousins D.parents24.A.taxi B.car C.carriage D.bus25.A.covered B.hidden C.forgotten D.stolen26.A.arrived B.disappeared C.worked D.disturbed27.A.dirty B.useful C.old D.small28.A.shown B.encountered C.packed D.replaced29.A.putoff B.broughtabout C.reliedon D.cameround30.A.fax B.document C.reward D.delivery31.A.Disappointed B.Shocked C.Confused D.Frightened32.A.voice B.word C.speed D.moment33.A.gradually B.completely C.frequently D.originally34A.though B.yet C.ever D.before35.A.comparison B.accident C.design D.nature第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Emojisarewidelyusedinourdailylivesandhavebecome___36___importantwayofcommunication.Thefirstemojiswerecreatedin1999byJapanesedesignerShigetakaKurita,___37___workedonamobileInternetplatform___38___(call)i-mode.Kuritaattemptedtodevelopasimplewayforpeople___39___(express)emotionsinshorttextmessages.Asemojisgained___40___(popular),theyfacedasignificanttechnicalhurdle(障碍):earlyemojiscouldnot___41___(send)acrossdifferentmobileplatforms,sincetherewasnostandardizedencoding(编码).Thisissuewasresolvedin2010bytheUnicodeConsortium,anorganizationresponsible___42___maintainingastandardizedencodingoftextandsymbolsacrossplatforms.Thisallowedforcross-platformcommunicationandcontinuedexpansioninemojiusageworldwide.Given___43___(they)originsinJapan,manyearlyemojicharacterswerereflectiveofJapaneseculture.Asthey’vespread___44___(global),newcharactershavebeenaddedtoaccountforculturaldifferencesandprovideamoreuniversalmeansofcommunication.Usersmustalsoconsiderculturalsensitivitieswhen____45____(communicate)viaemojis,ascertainsymbolscanhavehugelydifferentmeaningsacrossdifferentcultures.第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假如你是李华，校学生会主席，高二年级组织主题为“用英语讲好中国故事”演讲比赛，请你邀请你校外教Mr.Green充当评委，请你给他写一封邀请信，内容包括：1.比赛时间、地点；2.评委的工作要求。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Formanyyears,myonlycompanionwasourdog,Sno.AsmallbutmightyBichonFrise,ourdogmayhavelookedordinary,buthewassmart,creative,andalwaysreadyforicecreamandrollingatmyrequest.WhileIworked,heslept,wakingtochasetheredcatfromnextdoor,greetadeliveryperson,orsitinthesunshine.Wedidn’tagreeoneverything,especiallywhentogetupandwhentogotobed.HesighedwithboredomwhenaprojectwasdueandIdidn’thavetimetoplay.Hedidn’tunderstandweekends,deadlines,andvisitorswholefthim.However,webothagreedonwalking.Atleastonceaweek,wetookalongwalktothebeach.Forhim,thereweretallgrassesandexcitingsmells.Forme,therewereotherdogwalkersand