高中一轮复习英语译林版讲义选修六Unit3Understandingeachother

Unit3Understandingeachother一、单词表词汇全查验——运用多媒体，提问默写词汇Ⅰ.阅读词汇(英译汉)[第一屏听写]1．end­of­termn． 学期末2．bridegroomn. 新郎3．briden. 新娘4．offencen. 冒犯；侮辱5．fireworkn. 焰火，烟花6．minorityn. 少数民族；少数，少数人7．feastn. 盛宴，宴会；节日[第二屏听写]8．maskn． 面具vt. 伪装，掩饰9．carvevt. 雕刻10．steamvt.&vi. 蒸，蒸发n. 蒸汽11．clawn. 爪，爪子12．roastvt. 烤，烘焙adj. 烤的，焙的[第三屏听写]13．roostern． 公鸡14．*thumbn. 拇指15．*bonfiren. 篝火16．mustardn. 芥末；芥末酱17．barbecuen. 户外烧烤18．emperorn. 皇帝19．*taboon. 禁忌[第四屏听写]20．businesscardn． 名片21．*sledn. 雪橇22．sealn. 海豹23．deern. 鹿24．*mysteriousadj. 神秘的，奇怪的25．stoven. 炉子，火炉26．*triben. 部落Ⅱ.高频词汇(汉译英)[第五屏听写]1．familiaradj. 通晓；熟悉2．ensurevt. 保证，担保，确保3．accountn. 描述，叙述；账目4．alikeadj. 相像，十分相似adv. 十分相像地；同样地5．throughoutprep.&adv. 自始至终；贯穿整个时期；各处，遍及6．retellvt. 复述，转述[第六屏听写]7．hugvt.&vi.&n． 拥抱，抱紧8．weddingn. 婚礼9．receptionn. 招待会；接待；接受10．gesturen. 手势；姿势；示意动作11．musicaladj. 音乐的n. 音乐剧12．plainn. 平原adj. 清楚的，明显的；坦诚的；朴素的13．greetingn. 招呼；问候；问候语14．congratulatevt. 向(某人)道贺，祝贺[第七屏听写]15．permitvt.&vi. 允许，准许n. 许可证16．prohibitvt. (尤指以法令)禁止17．religionn. 宗教18．adjustvi.&vt. 适应，习惯；调整，调节19．accustomedadj. 习惯于；惯常的20．celebrationn. 庆典；庆祝活动[第八屏听写]21．expectationn． 期望，盼望22．slightadj. 轻微的23．braveryn. 勇敢24．governvt. 统治；控制，支配25．have_power_over 控制，支配26．take_up 占据(时间或空间)27．let_alone 更不用说28．show_somebody_around 带某人参观、游览二、单元核心考点初热身——提供语境，单元考点自测回顾(一)分类识记单词——用时少·功效高识记单词写对Ⅰ.知其意(英译汉)1.end­of­termn．学期末2.bridegroomn.新郎3.briden.新娘4.offencen.冒犯；侮辱5.fireworkn.焰火，烟花6.minorityn．少数民族；少数，少数人7.feastn．盛宴，宴会；节日8.maskn.面具vt.伪装，掩饰9.carvevt.雕刻10.steamvt.&vi.蒸，蒸发n.蒸汽Ⅱ.写其形(汉译英)1.hugvt.&vi.&n．拥抱，抱紧2.weddingn.婚礼3.receptionn.招待会；接待；接受4.gesturen.手势；姿势；示意动作5.plainn.平原adj.清楚的，明显的；坦诚的；朴素的核心单词练通1.AssoonasIwalkedintothebanquethall,Ibegantolookaroundthecrowdedroom,seekingafamiliar(熟悉的)face.2.Icannotseewheretheydifferfromeachother;tometheylookexactlyalike(相似的)．3.Thegovernmentdepartmentconcernedensured(保证)thattimelyactionwastakentoresolvetheheatinginwinter.4.Youraccount(叙述)ofwhathappeneddoesnottieinwithwhatthreeotherwitnesseshavesaid.5.Itisatalewhichhasoftenbeenretold(转述)withinWestIndianliterature.6.Itsnowedthroughout(自始至终)thenight.Thewholetownwascoveredwithsnow.7.Itwasafewmomentsbeforehiseyesbeeadjusted(适应)tothebrightglareofthesun.8.Ourexpectation(期望)isthatweshouldbethere.Infact,weshouldhavegottentherealongtimeago.拓展单词用活[记全记牢]1.greetvt.和某人打招呼(或问好)→greetingn．招呼；问候；问候语2.congratulatevt.向(某人)道贺，祝贺→congratulationn．祝贺；贺词3.permitvt.&vi.允许，准许n．许可证→permissionn．允许，许可4.prohibitvt.(尤指以法令)禁止→prohibitionn．禁止；禁令5.religionn．宗教→religiousadj.宗教的；虔诚的6.accustomedadj.习惯于；惯常的→accustomvt.使习惯于7.celebrationn．庆典；庆祝活动→celebratev．庆祝8.slightadj.轻微的→slightlyadv.轻微地；稍微地9.braveryn．勇敢→braveadj.勇敢的10.governvt.统治；控制，支配→governorn．主管人员；统治者→governmentn．政府[用准用活]1.Ittookawhileforhertoaccustomherselftothenewschoollife.Thatmeantafterawhileshebecameaccustomedtolivinginthenewschool.(accustom)2.Althoughtherehasbeenaslightincreaseofthepopulation,thiscitystillhasasmallpopulation,onlyslightlyoverthreehundredthousand.(slight)3.TheprohibitionordermeansthatFrenchisprohibitedinthisschool.(prohibit)4.Evenifyouhaveapermit,_Iwon’tpermityoutoenterthehallwithoutherpermission.(permit)5.Heoftensaysthathedoesn’tbelieveinanyreligionbutmeanwhileherespectsothers’religiousfreedom.(religion)6.Heisthegovernorofthecitywhogovernsthecity.Andheisacandidateforcentralgovernment.(govern)7.Peoplecelebratethebirthdaydifferently.Mike’sfamilyaregoingtravelingincelebrationofMike’s18thbirthday.(celebrate)⇩eq\a\vs4\al(积得多平时多输入，用时顺手出)1.拜访“金融”部落①account账目；账户②budget预算(案)③capital资金；资本④cheque支票⑤interest利息⑥finance财政，金融2．“允许”与“禁止”①permitv.允许②allowv.允许③forbidv.禁止④banv．&n.禁止⑤prohibitv.禁止3.打入“犯罪”团伙①offencen．冒犯，犯罪②crimen.违法行为或罪行③criminaln.罪犯④guiltn.犯罪，有罪4．“适应/合”短语集合①adjust(oneself)to②adapt(oneself)to③fitin④fitinwith⑤agreewith5.“后缀­ation”高频名词①celebration庆祝；庆典②congratulation祝贺③expectation期望④graduation毕业；毕业典礼⑤consideration考虑⑥conservation保护；保护区⑦appreciation欣赏；感激⑧adaptation适应；改编本⑨occupation占领；职业(二)语段串记短语——不枯燥·兴趣高先写对再用准第一组1.take_up占据(时间或空间)2.adjust_to适应3.be_familiar_with对……熟悉；通晓4.have_power_over控制，支配5.get_accustomed_to_(doing)_sth.习惯(做)某事6.do_without没有……也行TherearesomedifferencesbetweenChineseandWesterneatinghabitsandsomepeoplehavedifficultyin①being_familiar_withthemnowadays.Forexample,Chinese②get_accustomed_tosharingallthedishestogetherwhileWesterners③adjust_tohavingtheirplateoffoodalone.Inaddition,Chineseusually④take_upmoretimetohavedinnerthanWesterners.第二组1.let_alone更不用说2.show_sb._around带某人参观、游览3.be_aware_of知道，意识到4.shake_hands_with_sb.与某人握手5.after_all毕竟，终究6.be_connected_with与……有联系7.meet_with遇见，碰到Lastweek,Iattendedaweddingceremonyofoneofmyfriends.Aftergreetingthebridegroomandthebride,Iwas①shown_aroundtheirnewhome.Throughoutthereceptionmanyfireworksweresetoff.Fewofthepeopletherecouldbearthenoise,②let_alonemunicatewitheachother.Afterattendingtheceremony,Idreamof③meeting_withmyMr.Right.④After_all,_loveisalightthatneverdims.第三组1.be_home_to为……的所在地/栖息地/家园2.provide_..._with_..._给……提供……3.be_supposed_to_do_sth.应该做某事4.belong_to属于5.take_place发生；举行6.congratulate_sb._on_sth.祝贺某人某事Chinaisavastcountrywhich①is_home_toanamazingvarietyoflandscape,plantsandanimals.It②providesmostcountriesoftheworldwithvariousgoodsandthoughit③belongs_todevelopingcountries,thewholeworldhaswitnesseditsrapidandhugeprogressinmanyfields.Manynationalleaders④congratulateourcountryonhavingmadesomanygreatachievements.⇩eq\a\vs4\al(积得多平时多输入，用时顺手出)1.“v.＋up”短语大阅兵①takeup占据(时间或空间)②packup打包③buildup逐渐增加④bringup抚养；使……长大⑤setup建立；竖立⑥putup建造；举起；张贴⑦makeup组成；虚构；弥补；化妆⑧eup走近；上来；上升；被提出⑨giveup放弃⑩breakup打碎；拆散；结束2.“be＋adj.＋with”高频短语①befamiliarwith对……熟悉②besatisfiedwith对……满意③bemadwith因……发疯④beboredwith厌烦……⑤bebusywith忙于……⑥bepopularwith受……欢迎⑦beangrywith对……发怒⑧bestrictwith对……要求严格⑨bepatientwith对……耐心⑩becontentwith对……满意3.结识all相关短语①afterall毕竟，终究②inall总共，合计③allinall总的来说，大体而言④atall根本；完全⑤aboveall首先，最重要的(三)仿写用活句式——造佳句·表达高背原句明句式学仿写1.Manyforeignershavetroublegettingaccustomedtoit.很多外国人很难习惯这一点。havetrouble(in)doingsth.意为“做某事有困难”。无论何时你理解唐诗有困难，你都可以向我寻求帮助。(2017·全国卷Ⅰ满分作文)Youcanturntomewheneveryouhave_trouble_in_understandingTangpoems.2.OnereasonwhytherearesomanyFrenchwordsinEnglishisthattheFrenchruledEnglandforquiteanumberofyears.英语里有如此多的法语词汇的一个原因是法国人曾统治英格兰很长时间。Onereasonwhy...isthat...意为“……的一种原因是……”，其中why引导定语从句，that引导表语从句。 星期五下午我不能跟你一块去书店的原因是那天下午我有个重要的会议要参加。(2016·全国卷Ⅲ满分作文)The_reason_whyIcan’tgotothebookstorewithyouonFridayafternoonis_thatIhavetoattendanimportantmeetingthatafternoon.3.Theydislikeitwhenpeopledonotlookatthecards,soremembernottojustputtheminyourpocketwithoutlooking.他们不喜欢人们不看名片，所以要记住，不要看都不看就把名片塞进口袋。dislikeit＋宾语从句：动词dislike之后不能直接跟名词性从句作宾语，需用it作形式宾语。很多人不喜欢别人催促他们给那些他们甚至不在意的比赛进行网上投票。(2016·江苏高考满分作文)Manypeopledislike_it_whentheyareurgedtocaston­linevotesforpetitionsthattheyevendon’tcare.考点新组合阅读微技能Duringmiddleschool,Ihadtroublein❶________(learn)Englishwords,letaloneEnglishgrammar.Evenso,Ididn’tgiveupandtriedmybesttoadjustmyselftomyteacher’steaching.Withmyeffort,Imade❷________andobtainedgoodgradesinthefinalexam.Besides,onceIgotthefirstprize.❸IthoughtonereasonwhyImadesuchgreatachievementswasbecauseIsparednoefforttodoitconstantly.1.①处填所给单词的适当形式learning。2.②处填代词it。3.改正③处句中的错误because→that。1．adjustvi.&vt.适应，习惯；调整，调节[练牢基点]写出下列句中adjust的含义①Thesedesksandchairscanbeadjustedtotheheightofanychild.调节，调整②Ithinkthatyouwillquicklyadjusttothemalthoughtheweatherandthefoodaredifferentfromyours.适应[系统考点](1)adjustto(doing)sth. 适应(做)某事adjustoneselfto 使自己适应于……adjuststh.to 调整某物以适应……(2)adjustmentn. 调整；调节；适应makeanadjustment/adjustmentsto 对……作出调整(3)adjustableadj. 可调整的，可调节的[练通重点]用adjust的适当形式填空/单句改错③Allthenewchairsareadjustable,_whichcanbe_adjustedtotheheightoftheindividualstudent.Inaddition,theadjustmentisveryeasytooperate.Itonlytakesyouashortwhileto_adjusttousingit.④Youshouldadjustyoutothenewlivingways.第二个you→yourself完成句子⑤Ifyougotoanewplace,youmustadjust_yourself_to_the_new_surroundingsquickly.如果你到了一个新地方，你必须尽快调整自己，适应新的环境。⑥Youshouldfollowthelocalcustomsanditwillhelpyou_adjust_to_the_lifetheresoon.你要遵循当地的风俗，这有助于你快速适应那里的生活。2．letalone更不用说，更别提let/leavesb.alone 不打扰某人，别烦某人let/leavesth.alone 别碰某物；别管某事letsb.down 使某人失望letgo(of) 放手，松手，放开，使自由letout 使出去，放出；泄露(秘密)；发出letin 使进来，进入[题点全练]完成句子①Ican’taffordtopaymyschoolfees,let_alone_buy_a_new_puter.我连学费都支付不起，更别说买一台新电脑了。②Inthosedays,wecouldn’tsendourchildrentomiddleschool,let_alone_college.那时候，我们的孩子连中学都上不起，更不用说上大学了。③Let/_Leave_him_aloneandhewillstopcryingsoon.让他一个人待着，过会儿他就不哭了。④Youcanbelieveinhim;he’llneverlet_you_down.你可以信赖他；他不会让你失望的。⑤Icantellyouthetruth,butyoumustpromisenottolet_outthesecret.我可以告诉你事实真相，但是你得答应不要把这个秘密泄露出去。3．havetrouble(in)doingsth.[教材原句]Manyforeignershave_trouble_gettingaccustomedtoit.很多外国人很难习惯这一点。(1)havetrouble(in)doingsth.意为“做某事有困难”，trouble为不可数名词，前面可加修饰词much,little,no等。(2)trouble可换用difficulty(不可数名词)，意思不变。(3)若trouble/difficulty后跟名词，常接介词with。①Theexpertsaretryingtofindoutthereasonwhymanyteenagershave_trouble_(in)_municating_withtheirparents.专家们正在努力地弄清楚为什么很多青少年和父母交流有困难。②Wheneverwehave_trouble_with_our_studies,_ourteachershelpuspatiently.每逢我们在学习上遇到困难，老师总是耐心辅导。③Somestudentshavetroublewithgrammarwhileothershavedifficulty(in)rememberingnewwords.有的学生学语法有困难，有的记生词有困难。[名师指津]对于句式havetrouble/difficulty(in)doingsth.的考查，常把trouble/difficulty提前，后跟定语从句，省略介词in，导致have与后面的动名词连在一起，做题时要注意辨别。④Youcan’timaginewhatdifficulty/troublewehad(in)walkinghomeinthesnowstorm.你想象不到我们在暴风雪中走回家有多困难。[联想发散]“(做)某事有困难”的表达还有：①haveahardtime(in)doingsth./withsth.②haveproblems(in)doingsth./withsth.③There’s...difficulty(in)doingsth./withsth.4．Onereasonwhy...isthat...[教材原句]One_reason_whytherearesomanyFrenchwordsinEnglishis_that_theFrenchruledEnglandforquiteanumberofyears.英语里有如此多的法语词汇的一个原因是法国人曾统治英格兰很长时间。(1)reason用作先行词时，首先判断定语从句中缺什么成分，如果缺状语，则要用关系副词why或forwhich引导，why有时可省略；如果缺主语或宾语，则使用关系代词that/which引导。(2)thereason后接同位语从句解释其内容时，用引导词that。①Thereasonwhyhegotsoangrywasthathefoundhissonlyingtohim.他如此生气的原因是他发现儿子在对他撒谎。②Thereasonthat/whichheexplainedatthemeetingwasthathedidn’tcatchthefirstbus.他在会议上解释的理由是他没有赶上早班车。③Whydon’tyoubelievethereasonthatmycarwasheldupinthetrafficjam?你为什么不相信我堵车了这个理由呢？[名师指津](1)That/This/Itiswhy...“那/这就是……的原因”，why从句表示结果；That/This/Itisbecause...“那/这是因为……”，because从句表示原因。(2)主语为名词reason时，表语从句中的连接词要用that/which，而不用why或because。④Therewasalotofworktodo.That_is_whyIdidn’tgotothecinemathatday.有很多工作要做。那就是我那天没去看电影的原因。考点新组合阅读微技能Ifyouinviteforeignerstoyourhome,first,it’spolitetoshowthemaround.Thenwhileeatingwiththem,itisimportanttobefamiliarwiththedifferencesinordertoensureallthingsgoingright.Takingeatingintoaccount,ChineseareaccustomedtosharingallthedishestogetherwhileWesternersprefertohavefoodalone.InChina,thehostwillprovidetheguestswithtoomuchfood.Notonlyisitawasteoffoodbutalsoalotoftimewillbetakenup.1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus？(A)A.Howtoinviteforeignerstoourhome？B.Howtobehavewellatthetable？2.用同义短语替换文中画线部分Taking_eating_into_consideration。5．familiaradj.通晓；熟悉befamiliarwith... 精通……，熟悉……befamiliartosb. 为某人所熟悉[题点全练]单句语法填空/句型转换①IbelievethesedonatedbookswillnotonlymakeyoumorefamiliarwithChina,buthelpenhanceyourChinese.②Heisquitefamiliarwiththecitybecauseheisanativeofit.→Thecityisquitefamiliartohimbecauseheisanativeofit.[名师指津]befamiliarto的主语可以是人，也可以是物，宾语通常是人；befamiliarwith的主语只能是人，宾语是所熟悉的内容或物。6．ensurevt.&n．保证；担保ensuresth. 保证某事ensuresb.sth. 保证/确保某人(得到)某物ensuresb.from/against... 保护某人免受……的伤害ensurethat...＝makesurethat... 确保/保证……[题点全练]句型转换Theteacherssparednoefforttoensureanequalchancetoallstudents.①Theteacherssparednoefforttoensurethatallstudentshadanequalchance.②Theteacherssparednoefforttomakesurethatallstudentshadanequalchance.完成句子③Theremustbesafetydevicestoensure_workers_against/from_accidents(保护工人避免工伤事故)．④To_ensure_food_safety(为了确保食品安全),thegovernmenthaspromisedtoreducetheamountofchemicalsusedinfoodproduction.7．accountn．描述，叙述；报道；账户v．说明；解释；认为[练牢基点]写出下列句中account的词性及含义①Hewastooshockedtogiveanaccountofwhathadhappened.n.描述②Somebanksmakeitdifficulttoopenanaccount,whichisespeciallyfortheold.n.账户③Shekeptadetailedaccountofthesuspect’smovements.n.报道④Weallaccounthimaqualifiedteacher,andheisalsorespectedbyhisstudents.vt.认为⑤Canyouaccountforyourmovementsonthatnight？vi.解释[系统考点](1)onaccountof 由于；因为onnoaccount 决不(置于句首时，句子用部分倒装)openanaccount 开一个账户(2)take...intoaccount/consideration＝takeaccountof 考虑……(3)accountfor 说明(原因等)；(作出)解释；占……(比例)[练通重点]写出下列句中accountfor的含义⑥Itissaidthatbodylanguageaccountsfor55percentofafirstimpressionwhilewhatyousayjust7percent.占……(比例)⑦Theheavyrainmayhaveaccountedforthefactthatsomanystudentswerelatethismorning.解释语境填词⑧Markwasstoppedfromreturninghomeon_account_of(由于)thesuddenrain.Besides,takingsafetyinto_account(考虑),hedecidedtostayinthetentforanothernight.Theseaccounted_for(解释)hisabsencefromschool.句型转换⑨IwillonnoaccountgiveupwhateverdifficultyImeetwith.→OnnoaccountwillIgiveupwhateverdifficultyImeetwith.[联想发散]表示“决不”的短语小结：①innocase②bynomeans③atnotime④innoway⑤undernocircumstances8．accustomedadj.习惯于；惯常的(1)beaccustomedto(doing)sth.＝beusedto(doing)sth. 习惯(做)某事(表状态)get/beeaccustomedto(doing)sth.＝get/beeusedto(doing)sth. 习惯(做)某事(表动作)(2)accustomvt. 使……习惯于accustomoneselfto(doing)sth. 使自己习惯于(做)某事[多角练透]单句语法填空①I’maccustomedtolistening(listen)tosomelightmusicbeforesleep.②Thestudentsquicklyaccustomedthemselves(they)tothenewtimetable,whichexcitedtheteachers.③Accustomed(accustom)tolivinginthecountryside,Ifoundithardtoliveinthecity.句型转换Wehadtogetusedtothenewworkingconditions.④Wehadtoaccustomourselvesto_thenewworkingconditions.⑤Wehadtoget/beeaccustomedtothenewworkingconditions.9．showsomebodyaround带某人参观、游览[归纳拓展]❶showsb.in/out 领某人进来/出去❷showup 使显露；到达❸showoff 炫耀，卖弄❹showsb.sth.＝showsth.tosb. 给某人看某物❺onshow 在展出[应用领悟]①IfyouarefreeonWednesday,I’llbedelightedtoshowyouaroundtheplace.如果你周三有空，我很高兴带你参观这个地方。②ThoughMoYanwontheNobelPrizeforLiterature,hedidn’tliketoshowhimselfoffinpublic.Therefore,heseldomshowedupontheTVscreen.尽管莫言获得了诺贝尔文学奖，但他并不愿意在公众面前炫耀自己。所以，他很少出现在电视屏幕上。③Wewereshowedinandthestaffbegantoshowustheirexhibitionsonshow.有人把我们领了进来，工作人员开始给我们展示展出的展品。10．takeup占据(时间或空间)；开始从事；拿起；接受；继续[一词多义]写出下列句中takeup的含义①Areyougoingtotakeupthechallengeoflastingawholeweekwithoutarguing？接受②Wetriedtofindatableforseven,buttheywerealltakenup.占据③ShetookupthestorywhereTimhadleftoff.继续④IalwaystakeupthebookandreadwhenIaminmylowspirits.拿起⑤Thistypeofinfluencecanalsogetafriendoffdrugs,orhelpanadulttakeupagoodhabitordropabadone.开始从事[归纳拓展]❻takein 吸收；领会，理解；欺骗❼takeback 收回(说过的话)；退回(货物)； 与……重归于好❽takedown 写下；拆除❾takeon 呈现(新面貌)；开始雇用；承担责任[应用领悟]①Iwastakeninbythesalesman—thecarturnedouttobeuneconomicalandunreliable.推销员欺骗了我——那辆汽车结果既不经济又不牢靠。②Wecan’ttakeonanymorework—we’refullystretchedatthemoment.我们不能再接受更多的工作了——我们目前已经全力以赴了。考点新组合阅读微技能First,congratulateyouonyour❶________(elect)intothemitteewhichpublicizestrafficregulations.Ithink,oneofthemostimportantrulesisthat❷driversarenotpermitteddriveafterdrinking,andwalkersareprohibitedfromclimbingstreetfences.Webelievethepublicitywillraisepeople’sawarenessofroadsafety,decreasingtrafficaccidents.1.①处应填being_elected。2.改正②处的错误drive前加to。11．congratulatevt.向(某人)道贺，祝贺(1)congratulatesb.on/upon(doing)sth. 祝贺某人(做了)某事congratulateoneself(onsth.) (因成就或成功)为自己感到骄傲或自豪(2)congratulationn. 祝贺；(复数)贺词(send/offer)congratulationstosb.onsth. 祝贺某人某事Congratulations! 恭喜！[多角练透]单句语法填空/单句改错①Theletterarrived,congratulatingmeon/uponmygraduationfromtheuniversity.②“Congratulations(congratulate)onyoursuccessinpletingtheexperiment，”shesaid.③Youcancongratulateyouonhavingdoneanexcellentjob.第二个you→yourself一句多译我们祝贺他生意兴隆。④We_congratulated_him_on_hissuccessinbusiness.(congratulate)⑤We_offered/sent_our_congratulations_to_him_on_hissuccessinbusiness.(congratulation)[辨析比较]congratulate“祝贺；道贺”，只能用人作宾语，若要表明所祝贺的事情，后面要用on/upon连接，构成congratulatesb.on/uponsth.celebrate举行仪式、典礼的“庆祝”，只能用事(节日、胜利、成功等)作宾语Theycelebratedtheir25thweddinganniversaryyesterday,andmanyrelativesandfriendscongratulatedtothemontheirsilverwedding.他们昨天庆祝了25周年结婚纪念日，许多亲戚朋友都对他们的银婚表示祝贺。12．permitvt.&vi.允许，准许n.许可证(1)permit(doing)sth. 允许(做)某事permitsb.(todo)sth. 允许某人(做)某事time/weatherpermitting＝iftime/weatherpermits 时间/天气允许的话(2)adriver’s/drivingpermit 驾驶执照(3)permissionn. 允许；许可withoutpermission 未经许可askforpermission 请求允许[多角练透]单句语法填空/单句改错①Studentslivinginbuildingsthathavekitchensareonlypermittedto_cook(cook)inthekitchen.②Thereadingroomneverpermitstaking(take)booksout.③Heaskedforpermission(permit)toleavetheroom.④Timepermitting_(permit),Imaygohikingwithmyfriends.⑤You’renotallowedtodriveifyoudon’thaveapermission.permission→permit完成句子⑥Therulesoftheschooldonotpermit_parking(允许停车)neartheschoolgate.⑦Nobodycanusetheputerwithout_permission(未经许可)．⑧Thesecuritysystemwillnotpermit_you_to_enter(允许你进入)withoutthecorrectpassword.13．prohibitvt.(尤指以法令)禁止，不准；阻止(1)prohibit(doing)sth. 禁止(做)某事prohibitsb.’sdoingsth./prohibitsb.fromdoingsth. 禁止某人做某事(2)prohibitionn. 禁止，阻止；禁令aprohibitionon/against ……的禁令[题点全练]单句语法填空①Hethrewhimselfinfrontofthedoorandprohibitedusfromleaving.②Weprohibitsmoking(smoke)intheofficeduringworkinghours.③Thereisaprohibitionon/againsttobaccoadvertisinginnewspapersandmagazines.[联想发散]“禁止/阻止某人做某事”的表达还有：①discouragesb.fromdoingsth.②bansb.fromdoingsth.③preventsb.(from)doingsth.④keepsb.fromdoingsth.⑤forbidsb.fromdoingsth.⑥stopsb.(from)doingsth.[单元语基落实]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Healwaystrieshisbesttodowhathecantoliveuptohisparents’expectation(expect)．2．IhavemuchdifficultywithmathsandIamworriedaboutit.3．Properclothingensuredusagainst/fromsufferingfromthecold.4．On_accountoflackofhumanprotection,thenumberofYangtzeFinlessPorpoise(中国长江江豚)isbeingsmallerandsmaller.5．Itisnotaneasythingtogetaccustomedto_living(live)inapletelystrangeenvironment.6．Passengersarepermittedto_carry(carry)onlyonepieceofhandluggageontotheplane.7．Manyfirmsprohibitsmoking(smoke)intheiroffices,whichcancauseafire.8．Iwanttoexpressmysincerecongratulations(congratulate)onyoursuccess.9．Influencedbyahigh­schoolbiologyteacher,hetookupthestudyofmedicine.10．Shecan’trideabicycle,letalonedriveacar.Ⅱ.单句改错1．Isincerelyhopethatyouwilltakemysuggestionsinaccount.in→into2．Wewillthrowapartytocongratulatetohimonhispromotion.去掉第二个to3．Ittookherawhiletoadjusttolivethereafterarrivinginthecountry.live→living4．It’snousetrytopersuadehimtogiveupsmoking.try→trying5．HewasfamiliarwithmebutIcouldn’tthinkofhisnameatonce.with→to6．Hetoldmethedifficultyhehadworkedintheremotevillage.worked→workingⅢ.翻译句子1．那天我没去看电影的原因是我有很多工作要做。(Thereasonwhy...wasthat...)The_reason_why_I_didn’t_go_to_the_cinema_that_day_was_that_there_was_much_work_to_do.2．我们绝对不能忽略教育的重要性。(onnoaccount)On_no_account_can_we_ignore_the_importance_of_education.3．我今天都没见过他，更不用说跟他一起喝酒了。(letalone)I_didn’t_see_him_the_whole_day_today,_let_alone_have_a_drink_with_him.4．充足的睡眠保证你早日康复。(ensure)A_good_sleep_ensures_you_quicker_recovery.5．让我们担心的是，一些学生在适应校园生活时遇到了麻烦。(havetroubledoing...,adjustto)What_worries_us_is_the_fact_that_some_students_have_trouble_adjusting_to_campus_life.Ⅳ.一句多译1．一个叫陈东的年轻人逐渐为我们所熟悉。①Wehave_been_familiar_with_ayoungmannamedChenDong.②AyoungmannamedChenDongbeginsto_be_familiar_to_us.2．我们必须保证饮用水的纯净。①Wemustensure_the_purity_of_drinking_water.(ensuresth.)②Wemustensure_that_drinking_water_is_pure.(ensurethat)③Wemustmake_sure_that_drinking_water_is_pure.(makesurethat)3．如果天气条件允许，我们明天就去长城。①If_weather_permits,_wewillgototheGreatWalltomorrow.(if从句)②Weather_permitting,_wewillgototheGreatWalltomorrow.(独立主格)4．汤姆因为睡过头，今天早上上班迟到了。①Tom_overslept_this_morning._That’s_why_he_was_late_for_work.(that’swhy)②Tom_was_late_for_work_this_morning._That’s_because_he_overslept.(that’sbecause)③The_reason_why_Tom_was_late_for_work_this_morning_is_that_he_overslept.(thereasonwhy...isthat...)[高考拆组训练]板块练(一)阅读理解组块训练——练速度(限时：35分钟)Ⅰ.阅读理解AThereareover60zoosinEngland.Wehavecollectedhundredsofreviews，checkedthezoowebsites，researchedseveralzoo­relatedresourcesandvisitedmanyofthembyourselvestogiveyouthisselection:10bestzoosinEngland.ChesterZooAmongtop15zoosintheworld,itisoneofthemost­visitedandlargestzoosinEngland.WhipsnadeZooWithmorethan2,500animals,itisoneofthefewUKzooswithelephants.MarwellWildlifeFullofAfricanandAustraliananimals,thereissurelyalottoseewithinverylargegrounds.HowlettsWildAnimalParkItwassetupasaprivatezooatfirstandopenedtothepubliclater.Theplacelooksverynaturalandyoucangetveryclosetotheanimalsthere.PortLympneWildAnimalParkWithBritain’slargestnumberofAfricanelephants,itofferstrulyAfricanexperiences.ColchesterZooWith270＋species,itisverychild­friendlyandofferslotsofhands­onactivities.TwycrossZooItholdswhatissupposedtobetheworld’slargestcollectionofapes(猿).Therearealsorareleopardspecies.BristolZooGardensThisisa175­year­oldzoowithrareanimalslikefruitbats(果蝠)．PaigntonZooAshometoacollectionofaround2,000animalsand1,600plantspecies,itisoneofthefirstplacesinEnglandbiningzoo­logicalandbotanical(植物的)gardens.LondonZooAsoneoftheoldestzoosintheworld,itiswellworthavisit.eq\x(语篇解读：本文是应用文。本文向我们介绍了英国最好的10家动物园。)1．MarwellWildlifewouldattractthosewhowantto______.A．knowmoreaboutelephantsB．visittheoldestzooinEnglandC．seesomerareanimalspeciesD．watchAfricanandAustraliananimals解析：选D细节理解题。根据MarwellWildlife中介绍的“FullofAfricanandAustraliananimals”可知，这家动物园有很多来自非洲和澳大利亚的动物，故答案选D。2．Amongthe10zoos,thebestoneforchildrenis________.A.HowlettsWildAnimalPark B．ColchesterZooC．TwycrossZoo D．LondonZoo解析：选B细节理解题。根据ColchesterZoo中介绍的“itisverychild­friendlyandofferslotsofhands­onactivities”可知，这家动物园最适合孩子，故答案选B。3．WhatisthefeatureofPaigntonZoo?A．Ithasbothanimalandplantspecies.B．Ithasthelargestnumberofanimals.C．Touristscangetclosetotheanimalsthere.D．Itholdstheworld’slargestcollectionofplantspecies.解析：选A细节理解题。根据PaigntonZoo的简介可知这家动物园除了动物还有1600多种植物，并且是英国首家动植物园，故答案选A。4．Thepassageismeantto________.A．pare10zoosB．attractkidstozoosC．introduce10popularzoosD．showthehistoryof10zoos解析：选C主旨大意题。根据文章首段内容可知，本文主要介绍了英国最好的10家动物园，故答案选C。BToencourageallstudentstogeteducation,eveniftheirparentscan’taffordit,aprimaryschoolintheIndianstateofChhattisgarhisaskingparentstosimplyplantatreeinsteadofpayingschoolfees.TheprojectwassetupbyagroupoflocalprofessionalsandbusinessownersinresponsetoIndia’srapidlyrisingeducationfees.Theparentshavetotakecareofthetreeandplantanewoneifitdies—butparedtothecostoftraditionalschoolfees,it’sasmallpricetopay.Anditeswiththeaddedbonusofhelpingtoimprovelocalairquality.TheschoolisShikshaKuteerinthecityofAmbikapurintheeastofthecountry.35studentsbetweentheagesoffourandfivearestudyingthere.Byofferinganaffordablewaytogetstudentsintoschool,ShikshaKuteerisencouragingeducationforeveryone.Sofar,theschoolhasreceivedapositiveresponse,and700treeshavebeenplantedacrossthevillageoverthelastyear.“ShikshaKuteerhasopenedinthevillageforstudentswhohavenomoneytopayschoolfees，”localvillager,SevakDas,said.“Studentsarebeingtaughttillacertainstandardandtheirparentshavebeenaskedtoplanttreesinsteadofpayingschoolfess.”ThisisjustonesmallschoolinasmallvillageinIndia,butiftheapproachisefficacious,_itcouldbesomethingthatotherschoolslookinto.Anditcan’thurt,becauseeveryday,airpollutionbeesaworseningprobleminmanypartsofIndia.Whileafewtreesaren’tgoingtosolvethatproblemanytimesoon,makingfamiliesplantandtakecareofatree—andreplaceitifitdies—isawaytoencouragepositiveair­purifying(净化空气)action,aswellashelpingtoeducatethenextgeneration.语篇解读：印度恰蒂斯加尔邦Chhattisgarh的一所小学允许父母种植一棵树苗来充当学费，这么做的目的是为了鼓励更多的学生接受教育，即便是那些家境困难的孩子。5．Whatisthemainpurposeoftheproject?A．Tohelpparentsearnmoneytopayschoolfees.B．Toencourageallstudentstogeteducation.C．Totellthenextgenerationtotakecareoftrees.D．Toencouragepeopletoprotecttheenvironment.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第一段“Toencourageallstudentstogeteducation,eveniftheirparentscan’taffordit,aprimaryschoolintheIndianstateofChhattisgarhisaskingparentstosimplyplantatreeinsteadofpayingschoolfees.”可知，为了鼓励所有的学生都受到教育，即使他们的父母支付不起，印度Chhattisgarh的一所小学允许父母仅仅种一棵树来替代学费。6．WhatcanweknowaboutShikshaKuteer?A．Itisopenedfor