福建省福州金山中学2022-2023学年九年级下学期期中考试英语试题

2022-2023学年福州金山中学第二学期九年级期中考试九年级英语试卷满分150分；考试时间：120分钟命题：九年级英语集备组审核：九年级英语集备组校对：胡朝晖友情提示：请各位考生务必将答案填涂、填写在答题卷上，在本卷作答，一律无效！I．听力（共三节，20题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）第一节听句子听下面五个句子，从每小题所给的A、B、C三幅图中选出与句子内容相符的选项。（每个句子读两遍）1．A．B．C．2．A．B．C．3．A．B．C．4．A．B．C．5．A．B．C．第二节听对话听下面七段对话，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出正确答案。（每段对话读两遍）听第1段对话，回答第6小题。6．Whataretheytalkingabout?A．Sportsmeeting.B．Musicfestival.C．Speechcompetition.听第2段对话，回答第7小题。7．Wherearethetwospeakers?A．Intherestaurant.B．Inthemusicstore.C．Inthecinema.听第3段对话，回答第8小题。8．WhatcanPeterhelphismotherdo?A．Cleanthefloor.B．Dothedishes.C．Takeoutthetrash.听第4段对话，回答第9小题。9．HowisTedgoingtoHongKong?A．Bytrain.B．Bycar.C．Byship.听第5段对话，回答第10、11小题。10．Whattimeisitnow?A．9:00.B．9:30.C．10:00.11．Whataretheygoingtodofirst?A．Goshopping.B．Watchadolphinshow.C．Drinkcoffee.听第6段对话，回答第12、13小题。12．What’stherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A．Parentandteacher.B．Husbandandwife.C．Fatheranddaughter.13．Atwhatagedoesthewomanthinkkidscanhaveaphone?A．9.B．12.C．17.听第7段对话，回答第14、15小题。14．Whatisthewomanafraidof?A．Snakes.B．Spiders.C．Bees.15．Howdoesthemanfeelaboutflying?A．Worried.B．Happy.C．Bored.第三节听短文根据所听到的短文内容，完成下面表格，每空填一词。（短文读三遍）CountriesDifferentWaysofHandshakesMexicoAhandshakeisfollowedbya16Australia17offertheirhandsfirst.18Shakehandslightlyandquickly.BrazilExpectahandshakethatlasts19TurkeyIt’s20toshakehandsquickly.Ⅱ．选择填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的正确答案。1.TheUKis________EuropeancountryandChinais________Asiancountry.A.a;an B.an;an C.an;a【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：英国是一个欧洲国家，中国是一个亚洲国家。考查冠词。第一空泛指“一个欧洲国家”，European以辅音音素开头，其前用a；第二空泛指“一个亚洲国家”，Asian以元音音素开头，其前用an。故选A。2.—Weareintimesofdifficultyatpresent.—Aslongaswepulltogether,successmustbelongto______.A.ours B.we C.us【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：——我们目前正处于困难时期。——只要我们齐心协力，成功就一定属于我们。考查代词辨析。ours我们的，名词性物主代词；we我们，人称代词主格；us我们，人称代词宾格。“belongto”意为“属于”，后应接人称代词宾格，故选C。3.________moreandmorepeoplesurftheInternetfornews,thetraditionalnewspapermaynotdisappearinashorttime.A.Because B.Since C.Though【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：虽然越来越多的人上网看新闻，但传统的报纸可能不会在短时间内消失。考查连词辨析。Because因为；Since既然；Though尽管，虽然。前后句是让步关系，用Though引导让步状语从句。故选C。4.—Welcometoourrestaurant!WhatcanIdoforyou?—I’dlikeatableforfour________thewindow.A.on B.in C.by【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意：——欢迎来到我们的饭店！我能为你做什么吗？——我想要一个靠窗户的四人桌。【详解】考查介词辩词。on在……上；in在……里；by在……边上。根据后文“thewindow”可知，空处填by，bythewindow“靠窗”。故选C。5.—HasJasonsafelyarrivedhomeyet?—Hehasn’tsentanymessagestome.I______aphonecalltocheckthat.A.havemade B.made C.willmake【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：——杰森安全到家了吗？——他没有给我发任何信息。我会打个电话确认一下。考查时态。根据“Hehasn’tsentanymessagestome.I...aphonecalltocheckthat.”可知，不知道杰森是否安全到家了，将给他发信息确认一下；时态应用一般将来时，结构为willdo。故选C。6.—Whatwouldyouliketodoatyourgraduationceremony,dancingorsinging?—________.Iwillperformmagictricks.A.Either B.Both C.Neither【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：——你想在毕业典礼上做什么，跳舞还是唱歌？——都不。我将表演魔术。考查代词辨析。Either两者之一；Both两者都；Neither两者都不。根据“Iwillperformmagictricks.”可知不跳舞也不唱歌，用Neither。故选C。7.—________willtherainstormlast?—Ihavenoidea.Itshowsnosignofstopping.A.Howlong B.Howsoon C.Howoften【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：——暴风雨将持续多长时间？——我不知道。它没有停止的迹象。考查特殊疑问句。Howlong多长时间，对时间段提问；howsoon多久以后，对将来的一段时间提问；Howoften多久一次。根据“...willtherainstormlast?”可知，此处询问暴风雨持续多长时间，因此用疑问词howlong，故选A。8.Doctorsandnurseswearaspecialkindofclothes_________canprotectthemselvesinthehospital.A.what B.who C.which【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：医生和护士穿一种特殊的衣服，在医院里可以保护自己。考查定语从句。what不能用于引导定语从句；who先行词是人，在从句中作主语；which先行词是物，在从句中作主语或宾语。本题定语从句的先行词是“aspecialkindofclothes”，因此用which引导。故选C。9.—Cindy,don’tforgettotakeyourhomeworktoschooltomorrow.—OK,Iwon’t.I’veformedthehabitof________mybooksandhomeworkbeforegoingtobed.A.findingout B.puttingaway C.lookingat【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：——辛迪，明天别忘了把你的作业带到学校去。——好吧，我不会的。我已经养成了睡觉前把书和作业收起来的习惯。考查动词短语。findingout弄清楚；puttingaway收起来；lookingat看。根据“OK,Iwon’t.”可知不会忘带作业，已经养成了睡前把书和作业收起来的习惯。故选B。10.—What’syour________ofbeingatourguide?—IknowalotaboutthelocalcultureandIcancommunicatewithtouristswell.A.advantage B.plan C.standard【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：——你做导游的优势是什么？——我对当地文化了解很多，我能很好地与游客交流。考查名词辨析。advantage优势，优点；plan计划；standard标准。根据“IknowalotaboutthelocalcultureandIcancommunicatewithtouristswell.”可知了解很多当地文化且能很好地与游客交流，这都是做导游的优势。故选A。11.________alistofthingsyouwanttobuybeforeyougoshopping.Thatwillsaveyoualotoftimeandmoney.A.Tomake B.Make C.Making【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：在购物前把你想买的东西列一张清单。这将为你节省大量时间和金钱。考查祈使句。Tomake动词不定式；Make制订，动词；Making动词现在分词/动名词。根据语境可知，购物前列出自己想买的东西，可推测此处是劝告，即在购物前把你想买的东西列一张清单，句子应为祈使句肯定形式，句首动词用原形，make“制订”，动词。故选B。12.Insteadofgivingamanfish,the________ofeducationistoteachhimhowtofish.A.position B.process C.purpose【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：教育的目的不是授人以鱼，而是教他如何钓鱼。考查名词辨析。position位置；process过程；purpose目的。根据“the…ofeducationistoteachhimhowtofish”可知，此处介绍了教育的目的，thepurposeof“……的目的”。故选C。13.—Canyou________thegirlyoumetatthegatejustnow?—OK.Shewastallwithshorthairandapairofglasses.A.describe B.help C.notice【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：——你能描述一下你刚才在门口遇到的那个女孩吗？——她很高，留着短发，戴着一副眼镜。考查动词辨析。describe描述；help帮助；notice注意。根据“Shewastallwithshorthairandapairofglasses.”可知，此处是指“描述”那个女孩。故选A。14.Wearecollectingoldbooks,andthey______tothechildreninneed.A.weresent B.aresending C.willbesent【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：我们正在收集旧书，并将它们送给有需要的孩子。考查时态。根据“they...tothechildreninneed”可知，“they”指旧书，此处指旧书将被送给有需要的孩子，应用一般将来时的被动语态，结构为willbedone。故选C。15.—Couldyoutellme________?—OnJune5,2022.A.whenChinalaunchedShenzhouXIVintospaceB.whythewarbetweenRussiaandUkrainebrokeoutC.howwewelcome20thNationalCongressoftheCPC（二十大）【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：——你能告诉我中国何时将神舟十四号发射到太空吗？——2022年6月5日。考查宾语从句。根据“OnJune5,2022.”可知，对方是询问时间，需用when引导宾语从句，从句用陈述句语序。故选A。Ⅲ．完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。Whenwearelearningnewwordsandexpressions,notonlyshouldwesimplymemorizethesenewwords,____16____itisalsobettertomakeatleasttwosentencesforeachnewwordtorememberthem.Youare____17____tolearnabouttennewwordseverydayinthisway.Ibelieveitwillhelpyouremembernewwords____18____longer.Ontheotherhand,learnnewwords____19____practicingpronunciationandspelling.Asweknow,theletter“A”has____20____pronunciations.Someread/eɪ/,andsomeread/æ/,suchasthepronunciationof/eɪ/in“name”,butthepronunciationof/æ/in“cat”.____21____somewordswith“a”andspellthemoverandoveragain.Readingaloudisalsooneofthebestwaystoremembernewwords.Itisbothinterestingandhelpfulto____22____grammarknowledge.Listeningisagoodwaytoremembernewwords,too.Whensomeoneis____23____inEnglish,listentothemeaningofthesenewwords.Whenyouhearanewword,youcanignore(忽略)____24____andkeeplistening.Onceyoustopandthinkaboutthenewword,youwillmisssomethingelse.Alwaysrememberthis____25____,“Nothingisdifficulttothemanwhowilltry.”16.A.or B.but C.so17.A.advised B.helped C.taught18.A.much B.quite C.too19.A.in B.by C.with20.A.short B.strange C.different21.A.Turnon B.Giveup C.Pickout22.A.read B.master C.change23.A.talking B.singing C.shouting24.A.it B.them C.him25.A.word B.text C.saying【答案】16.B17.A18.A19.B20.C21.C22.B23.A24.A25.C【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了学习新单词的方法。【16题详解】句意：当我们学习新单词和短语时，我们不仅要简单地记忆这些新单词，而且每个新单词最好至少造两个句子来记忆它们。or或者；but但是；and和。notonly...but(also)“不仅……而且……”，固定结构。故选B。【17题详解】句意：建议你用这种方法每天学习10个左右的新单词。advised建议；helped帮助；taught教。根据“Ibelieveitwillhelpyouremembernewwords...longer.”可知，此处是作者建议读者每天学习10个新词。故选A。【18题详解】句意：我相信这会帮助你更长时间地记住新单词。much很；quite相当，很；too太。“longer”是比较级，选项中只有much可以修饰比较级。故选A。【19题详解】句意：另一方面，通过练习发音和拼写来学习新单词。in在……里面；by通过；with和。根据“learnnewwords...practicingpronunciationandspelling”可知，此处指通过练习发音和拼写学习新单词。故选B。【20题详解】句意：我们知道，字母“A”有不同的发音。short短的；strange奇怪的；different不同的。根据“Someread/eɪ/,andsomeread/æ/”可知，字母“A”有不同的发音。故选C。【21题详解】句意：挑出一些有“a”的单词，一遍又一遍地拼写。Turnon打开；Giveup放弃；Pickout挑选出。根据“spellthemoverandoveragain”可知，此处指挑选出一些有“a”的单词。故选C。【22题详解】句意：掌握语法知识既有趣又有帮助。read阅读；master掌握；change改变。根据“grammarknowledge”可知，此处指掌握语法知识。故选B。【23题详解】句意：当有人用英语说话时，听这些新单词的意思。talking说话；singing唱歌；shouting大喊。根据“listentothemeaningofthesenewwords”可知，此处指有人用英语说话时。故选A。【24题详解】句意：当你听到一个新单词时，你可以忽略它，继续听。it它；them它们；him他。根据“Whenyouhearanewword”和“keeplistening”可知，此处指忽略新单词，用it指代“anewword”。故选A。【25题详解】句意：永远记住这句话：“世上无难事，只怕有心人。”word单词；text课文；saying谚语，格言。根据“Nothingisdifficulttothemanwhowilltry.”可知，这是一句格言。故选C。IV．阅读理解（共两节，25小题；满分45分）第一节阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从题中所给A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）ADoyouknowasayingabouttheswanfeather(天鹅羽毛)?ThissayingcomesfromahistoricbookcalledLuShi.Accordingtothestory,aTangDynastyofficial(唐朝官员）inYunnanwantedtoshowhisrespecttotheemperor.HesentamannamedMianBogaotobringsomegiftstotheemperor.Oneofthegiftswasabeautifulswan,anditwasaveryvaluablegiftatthetime.Miantookgoodcareoftheswanonhiswaytotheemperor.Onedayhepassedbyalakeandwantedtolettheswandrinksomewater.Butassoonashesettheswanfree,theswanflewaway,leavingonlysomefeathersontheground.Mianwasveryworried,buthedidn'trunaway.Hedecidedtotelltheemperorwhathappened.Hepickedupafeatherandkeptgoingonhistrip.WhenMianmettheemperor,hetoldhimwhathappenedandsaid,"Thisswanfeatherislight,butitcarriesmydeeprespectforyou."TheemperorwashappywithMian'shonestyandsincerity(真诚).HeforgaveMian.Peoplenowusethesayingtoshowthatagoodgiftdoesn'thavetobeexpensive.Whatmattersisthesincerityitcarries.26.Thesayingabouttheswanfeatherisfrom______________.A.afamouspoem B.ahistoricbookC.apopularnovel D.alatestnewspaper27.TheTangDynastyofficialinYunnansentmanygiftstotheemperorbecause__________.A.hewasafraidoftheemperorB.hewantedtoshowtheemperorhewasrichC.hewantedtoshowhisrespecttotheemperorD.hewantedtomakegoodfriendswiththeemperor28.WhichofthefollowingsentencesisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Mianwantedtheswantoflyaway.B.Miankilledtheswanandgotitsfeather.C.Miansettheswanfreetodrinksomewater.D.Miantriedtorunawayaftertheswanflewaway.29.Fromthestory,weknowthatMianisa(n)__________person.A.careless B.rude C.honest D.proud30.TheChinesemeaningofthisstoryis_________________________.A.礼轻情意重 B.路遥知马力 C.酒逢知己饮 D.富贵险中【答案】26.B27.C28.C29.C30.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了谚语“礼轻情意重”的由来。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“ThissayingcomesfromahistoricbookcalledLuShi”可知，关于天鹅羽毛的谚语来自一本历史书。故选B。【27题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“…showhisrespecttotheemperor…bringsomegiftstotheemperor.”可知，官员为了表示对皇帝的尊敬，所以送给皇帝许多礼物。故选C。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Onedayhepassedbyalakeandwantedtolettheswandrinksomewater.”可知，缅伯高让天鹅自由地喝水。故选C。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“TheemperorwashappywithMian'shonestyandsincerity”可知，缅伯高是一个诚实、真诚的人。故选C。【30题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Peoplenowusethesayingtoshowthatagoodgiftdoesn'thavetobeexpensive.Whatmattersisthesincerityitcarries.”可知，本文讲述了“礼轻情意重”的历史典故。故选A。BDoyoutakepartintherockclimbing?Doyouknowaboutrockclimbing?Rockclimbingdidnotbecomeasportuntillateinthe20thcentury.Nowit’smoreandmorepopularallovertheworld.Ifyouhavedonerockclimbing,youwillknowthatitisnotaveryeasysport.Indoorandoutdoorrockclimbingbothneedlotsofpractice.Mostpeopledon’tknowisthatrockclimbingisoneofthesportsthatdependonyourbodyandmind.Toclimbsuccessfully,youmustknowaboutsomerules.Oneimportantruleistoalwayshavethreepartsofyourbodyontherockface.Anotherimportantruleisthatyourarmsonlyholdyouclosetotherockfacewhileyourlegsarepushingyouup.Thethirdruleisthatthecloseryouaretotherockface,theeasieritistoclimb.Rockclimbingisawonderfulsport.Onceyoustarttolearnhowtoclimbyouwillfindlotsoffun.Peoplewholikegamessuchasplayingcardsmayalsoloverockclimbingbecausetheynearlythesameinthewayofthinking.Foranyonewhowantstobeingoodshape,rockclimbingisafunandgoodway.Anyonewhoenjoysdifficultgamesandlovessportscouldthinkoftakingupclimbing.31.Whenmightrockclimbingbecomeasport?A.Inthe1920s. B.Inthe1950s. C.Inthe1990s. D.Inthe2000s.32.Fromthesecondparagraph,weknowthat______A.rockclimbingisaveryeasysportB.whenyouclimb,yourarmspushyouupC.asmallbodyisimportantindoingrockclimbingwellD.rockclimbingisakindofindoorandoutdooractivity33.Whatdoesthethirdparagraphmainlytellus?A.Therockface. B.Rulesofrockclimbing.C.Threepartsofourbody. D.Waystoholdclosetotherockface.34.Whydoesthewritersayplayingcardsandrockclimbingarenearlythesame?A.Peoplecandothemindoors. B.Ittakesmuchtimetodothem.C.Theyhelppeopletobeingoodshape. D.Peopleneedtothinkwhentheydothem.35.What’sthestructure(结构)ofthetext?A. B. C. D.【答案】31.C32.D33.B34.D35.A【解析】【导语】本文介绍了攀岩是一项精彩而有趣的运动，有助于锻炼意志，保证体形。并具体介绍了攀岩的三个规则。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Rockclimbingdidnotbecomeasportuntillateinthe20thcentury.”可知，直到20世纪末，攀岩才成为一项运动。故选C。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Indoorandoutdoorrockclimbingbothneedlotsofpractice.”可知，攀岩是一种室内外活动。故选D。【33题详解】段落大意题。根据第三段“Toclimbsuccessfully,youmustknowaboutsomerules.”和全段可知，第三段主要介绍了攀岩的规则。故选B。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Peoplewholikegamessuchasplayingcardsmayalsoloverockclimbingbecausetheynearlythesameinthewayofthinking.”可知，攀岩的同时需要思考。故选D。【35题详解】篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段是引出主题；第二段介绍攀岩是一项依靠身体和头脑的运动；第三段介绍了成功攀岩的一些规则；最后一段介绍了攀岩是一项很棒的运动。综上，A选项符合本文的结构。故选A。CItmightbestrangetowearclothesmadeoutofplasticbottles.Butinfact,someclothingcompaniesaremakingclotheslikethese.Fashionbrand(品牌)JUMArecentlyshoweditsnewestcollectionataworkshopinShanghai.Eighteenclothingitems(件)fromthecollection,includingpants,jackets,shirtsanddresses,weremadefromrecycledplasticbottles.“Werealizedthatbillionsofwaterbottlesarethrownintooceanseveryyearandthesebottlestakehundredsofyearstobreakdown.Wethoughtweshouldusethemtomakeourclothesandprotecttheenvironment,”saidAliaJuma,thecompany’sdesigner.“Fivebottlescanmakeashirt,10foradress,and20forashortcoat.Manyotherfashioncompaniesarelookingforsimilarwaystosaveourplanetthesedays.Theprocessisrathersimple.First,theplasticbottlesarewashedandcutintosmallpieces.Thentheyaremelted(熔化)andshapedintosmallballs.Theballsaremeltedagaintoformaline.Peoplecanthenusethelinetomakedifferentkindsofclothes.AccordingtoJUMA,ittakes67,000bottlestooriginate1tonoflines.Thiscutsdowncarbonemissions(碳排放)by4.2tonsandwateruseby6.2tonscomparedwiththenormalwayofmakinglines.Somepeoplemighthavedoubtsaboutwearingsomethingmadeoutofplasticbottles.ButaccordingtoCauseartist,awebsitethatfocusesoninnovation(创新),clothesmadefromplasticscouldbeevenbetterthanthosemadefromcommonmaterials.Plasticlinesalsocanbemadeintodifferentmaterials,suchascotton,silk,orevenwool.Itseemsthatthisinnovationmayleadtoagreenerfutureoffashion.36.Whatweretheseeighteenclothesmadefrom?A.Recycledmetal. B.Recycledlitter. C.Recycledpaper. D.Recycledplasticbottles.37HowcanwemakeclothesaccordingtoParagraph3?①Cutthemintosmallpieces.②Washtheplasticbottles.③Melttheballsagaintoformaline.④Meltandshapethemintosmallballs.A.①→②→③→④ B.④→②→①→③ C.②→①→④→③ D.③→②→①→④38.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“originate”mean?A.Waste. B.Create. C.Find. D.Save.39.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Plasticbottleswilltaketheplaceofothermaterials.B.Plasticcanonlybeusedtomakeclothes.C.Peopledon’tliketheclothesmadefromplastic.D.Thefutureofmakingplasticclothesisbright.40.Whatisthewriter’spurposeinwritingthispassage?A.Tomakeeveryonebemoreenvironment-friendly.B.Totelleveryonenewmaterialsarecommon.C.Toleteveryonebuyclothesmadefromplastics.D.Toshowdifferentpeoplelikedifferentkindsofclothes.【答案】36.D37.C38.B39.D40.A【解析】【导语】本文主要讲的是将废弃的塑料瓶重复利用，用来制作衣服，创建环保社会的事。【36题详解】细节理解题。根据“Eighteenclothingitems(件)fromthecollection,includingpants,jackets,shirtsanddresses,weremadefromrecycledplasticbottles.”可知，18件服装是由回收塑料瓶制作的。故选D。【37题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“First,theplasticbottlesarewashedandcutintosmallpieces.Thentheyaremelted(熔化)andshapedintosmallballs.Theballsaremeltedagaintoformaline.Peoplecanthenusethelinetomakedifferentkindsofclothes.”可知，这个公司制作服装过程是：先清洗塑料瓶并切成小块，然后熔化为小球状，然后再次把球熔化形成线；顺序为②→①→④→③。故选C。【38题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段“AccordingtoJUMA,ittakes67,000bottlestooriginate1tonoflines.”可知，67000个瓶子可以产1吨线；“originate”表示“产生；创造”。故选B。【39题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Itseemsthatthisinnovationmayleadtoagreenerfutureoffashion.”可知，制造塑料衣服的前景是光明的。故选D。【40题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲用废弃的塑料瓶制作衣服，目的是让每个人都更环保。故选A。DHaveyoueverwonderedwhatitwouldbeliketoliveinspace?It’smorecomplicated(复杂的)thanyoumightthink,butit’salsointeresting.Themostimportantthingtorememberaboutlivinginspaceisthatthereisnogravity.Thatmeansastronautscan’tdoalotofthethingswetakeforgranted.Forexample,astronautscan’tpourthemselvesacupofjuicethewayyoucan.Why?Becauseit’sgravitythatmakesthejuicepourfromthebottleintoyourcup.Sohowdoastronautsliveinspace?EatinginspaceissimilartoeatingonEarthinsomeways.Food,suchasriceandfruit,stickstospoonsandforks,soitdoesn’tfloat(漂浮)away.Otherfoodscomeincansorpackages,sotheydon’tfloatawayeither.Butinordertoeat,astronautsstrap(用绳子系好)themselvesintochairstostayinoneplace.Whataboutsleeping?Thereisnogravityinspace,soastronautsdon’thavetosleeponbedsorthefloor.Theycansleepanywheretheylike,andtheycansleepinanypositiontheywant.Theysimplystraptheirsleepingbagstoawallorthefloor.Inthatway,theydon’tfloataroundandknockintothingswhiletheyareasleep.Doastronautsgettohaveanyfuninspace?Theycertainlydo!Astronautsareverybusypeople.Theyworkhardattheirjobs,buttheyalsoneedtorelaxsometimes.Astronautsgettotalktotheirfamiliesonvideocallsorstayintouchbyemail.Astronautscanplaychessandmusicalinstruments.Astronautsalsowatchmoviesandnewsprogramstostayinformed(有见识的).Sometimes,theytalktoschoolsandnewsreporters,too.Astronautsmayhavealotofworktodo,buttheyalsofindtimetoenjoythemselves.41.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“takeforgranted”mean?A.认为……理所当然 B.认为……出乎意料C.认为……异想天开 D.认为……忽略不计42.Whydoastronautsstrapthemselvesintochairs?A.Tokeepthemsafe. B.Toavoidfloatingaway.C.Tostayclosetothefood. D.Tomakethemeatcomfortably.43.Howmanyaspects(方面)aboutspacelifearementioned?A.2. B.3. C.4. D.5.44.Whatcanweinferfromthefourthparagraph?A.It’seasiertogetasleepinspace.B.EatinginspaceisthesameasthatonEarth.C.Everythingbecomesdifficultinspacewithoutgravity.D.Astronautscandolotsofactivitiestorelaxthemselvesinspace.45.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.LifeinSpace B.FunActivitiesinSpaceC.Astronauts’TasksinSpace D.TheDifferencesBetweenEarthandSpace【答案】41.A42.B43.B44.D45.A【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了有趣的太空生活。【41题详解】词义猜测题。根据“Forexample,astronautscan’tpourthemselvesacupofjuicethewayyoucan.”可知我们认为理所当然的事情，宇航员却做不到，takeforgranted意为“认为……理所当然”。故选A。【42题详解】细节理解题。根据“Otherfoodscomeincansorpackages,sotheydon’tfloatawayeither.Butinordertoeat,astronautsstrap(用绳子系好)themselvesintochairstostayinoneplace.”可知宇航员把自己系在椅子上是为了避免飘走。故选B。【43题详解】细节理解题。根据“Sohowdoastronautsliveinspace?”、“Whataboutsleeping?”及“Doastronautsgettohaveanyfuninspace?”可知文中提到了关于太空生活的三方面内容。故选B。【44题详解】推理判断题。根据“Astronautsgettotalktotheirfamiliesonvideocallsorstayintouchbyemail.Astronautscanplaychessandmusicalinstruments.Astronautsalsowatchmoviesandnewsprogramstostayinformed(有见识的).Sometimes,theytalktoschoolsandnewsreporters,too.”可知宇航员在太空中可以做很多活动来放松自己。故选D。【45题详解】标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了有趣的太空生活，用“LifeinSpace”做标题最合适。故选A。EAyoungactressisabouttogoontothestage.Asshewaitsbythesideofthestage,shelooksnervous.Youmighthearthatshesaystoherfriendinalowvoice,“I’vegotbutterfliesinmystomach.”Howdidthosegetinthere?Thefeelingofbutterfliescomesfromchemicalsproducedbythebodyinstressful(紧张的).____46____Itiscortisol(皮质醇).Thechemicalhelpsthebodyinnormalsituations.Infact,ithelpsthebodydonormalactivitiesinthemorningafterwakingup.Italsoplaysaroleinhelpingthebodyandmindrespond(作出反应),whenthebodyisunderstress,cortisolbeginstoinfluencethestomach.Forsomepeople,producingthefunnyfeelingofbutterflies.____47____Itmakesthesepeoplefeelsick.Scientistsbelievethatstressishelpfulanditisapreparationfordealingwithdifficulties.Withthispreparationcomesthepowertodowiththechangesoutside.____48____However,ifpeopleareundernervousnessforalongtime,theycanlosecontrolofthebody.____49____Allyouneedtodotokeepawayfromafewbutterfliesinthestomachisjusttorelax.____50____Steppingoutontothestagewillalsohelpthosebutterfliesflyaway.A.Sobeingnervousisn’tallbad.B.Weshouldlearntokeepitaway.C.Thebodyproducesachemicalunderpressure.D.Forothers,cortisolspeedsupthewaythestomachworks.E.Laughingwithortalkingtoothersaboutyourstresscanhelpwithit.【答案】46.C47.D48.A49.B50.E【解析】【导语】文章主要介绍的是人们在紧张的时候身体里会产生的一种化学物质——皮质醇，同时还提及了这种化学物质是如何影响人们身体的，最后提出了一些缓解紧张情绪的方法。【46题详解】根据后句“Thechemicalhelpsthebodyinnormalsituations.这种化学物质在正常情况下对身体有帮助。”可知说的是产生化学物质，选项C“身体在压力下会产生一种化学物质”符合语境。故选C。【47题详解】根据前句“Forsomepeople,producingthefunnyfeelingofbutterflies.对一些人来说，会产生蝴蝶的滑稽感觉”可知说的是对一些人的影响，选项D“对另一些人来说，皮质醇加速了胃的运作”符合语境。故选D。【48题详解】根据前句“Scientistsbelievethatstressishelpfulanditisapreparationfordealingwithdifficulties.Withthispreparationcomesthepowertodowiththechangesoutside.科学家认为压力是有帮助的，它是应对困难的准备。这种准备带来了应对外部变化的力量。”可知说的是压力的好处，选项A“所以紧张也不全是坏事”符合语境。故选A。【49题详解】根据前句“However,ifpeopleareundernervousnessforalongtime,whichwillleadtoillness.然而，如果人们长期处于紧张状态，就会导致疾病。”可知说的是学会控制，选项B“我们应该学会远离它”符合语境。故选B。【50题详解】根据前句“Allyouneedtodotokeepawayfromafewbutterfliesinthestomachisjusttorelax.你所要做的就是放松自己，这样你就不会感到紧张不安了。”可知说的是要放松自己，选项E“与他人一起大笑或与他人谈论你的压力有助于缓解压力”符合语境。故选E。V．情景交际（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据情景提示，完成下列各题。51.你想向对方借一块橡皮擦，可以这样表达：Canyou________________?【答案】lendmeaneraser/lendanerasertome【解析】【详解】“把某物借给某人”lendsb.sth./lendsth.tosb.，是固定搭配；“一块橡皮擦”aneraser。can后用动词原形。故填lendmeaneraser/lendanerasertome。52.你的同学考试很紧张，你可以这么安慰他：_______________________________________.【答案】Takeiteasy/Don’tbenervous【解析】【详解】根据情景可知，同学考试很紧张可以安慰他说：“不要紧张”，“Takeiteasy/Don’tbenervous”意为“别紧张”，注意句首首字母大写。故填Takeiteasy/Don’tbenervous。53.你想邀请你朋友和你一起打篮球，你可以这么说：Would________________?【答案】youliketoplaybasketballwithme【解析】【详解】邀请朋友和自己一起打篮球，要说“你愿意和我一起打篮球吗”，用wouldliketodosth.“愿意做某事”；“打篮球”playbasketball；“和我一起”withme。主语用you。故填youliketoplaybasketballwithme。54.Tom经常在太阳底下看书你会这样劝解他：______________________________________【答案】Don’treadinthesun【解析】【详解】根据题干要求，可以说“不要在太阳底下看书”，句子是否定祈使句，用don’t+动词原形开头，readinthesun“在太阳底下看书”，故填Don’treadinthesun。55.Leo想了解你的云南之行怎么样，可以这样问你：______________________________toYunnan?【答案】Howwasyourtrip【解析】【详解】根据题干可知Leo想知道你的云南之行怎么样，可以这样问：你的云南之行怎么样？句子为特殊疑问句，时态是一般过去时，用“疑问词+was/were+主语+其他？”的结构，对程度提问用疑问副词how“怎么样”，位于句首，首字母h需大写，主语为yourtrip，第三人称单数，be动词用was。故填Howwasyourtrip。Ⅵ．看图写话（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据每小题所提供的图画情景和提示词，写出一个与图画情景相符的句子。56.what,beautiful______________________________________________________________57.since2020_________________________________________________________________58.join,lastmonth_____________________________________________________________59.good,health________________________________________________________________60.if,tomorrow________________________________________________________________【答案】56Whatabeautifulflower!57.Hehasbeenadoctorinthehospitalsince2020.58.TheyjoinedtheEnglishclublastmonth.59.Swimmingisgoodforhishealth.60.Theywillgoforapicnicifitissunnytomorrow.【解析】【56题详解】根据图片和提示词“what,beautiful”，可知此句是what引导的感叹句，flower是可数名词，可用“What+（a/an）+形容词+可数名词单数+（主谓）”结构。故答案为：Whatabeautifulflower!【57题详解】根据图片和提示词“since2020”，可知此句时态应用现在完成时（have/has+done）；主语He；谓语hasbeen；表语adoctor；地点状语inthehospital；时间状语since2020。故答案为：Hehasbeenadoctorinthehospitalsince2020.【58题详解】根据图片和提示词“join,lastmonth”，可知此句时态应用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式；主语They；谓语joined；宾语theEnglishclub；状语lastmonth。故答案为：TheyjoinedtheEnglishclublastmonth.【59题详解】根据图片和提示词“good,health”，可知此句应用动名词作主语，时态可用一般现在时；主语Swimming；系动词is；表语good；介词for；hishealth作介词的宾语。故答案为：Swimmingisgoodforhishealth.【60题详解】根据图片和提示词“if,tomorrow”，可知此句应用if引导的条件状语从句，时态遵循“主将从现”；主句主语They；主句谓语gofor；主句宾语apicnic；if为从句引导词；从句主语it（指天气）；系动词is；表语sunny；状语tomorrow。故答案为：Theywillgoforapicnicifitissunnytomorrow.Ⅶ．短文填词（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。“Hurryorwe’llmissthebustothelibrary,Emilio!”calledMrs.Mendoza.TheMendozafamilyhadjustmovedtoBostonlastmonth,andEmiliowasgoingtogethislibrarycardtoday.Onthebus,Emilio’sgrandmothernoticedsomething____61____/streɪndʒ/.Emiliowasveryquietandlookedrathersad.“Anythingwrong,honey?”sheasked.Emiliosaid,“MyEnglishisnotgood.WhatshouldIdo____62____thelibraryladyisnotabletounderstandwhatI’msay