黑龙江省哈尔滨市实验中学2023-2024学年高二上学期开学考试英语试题【含答案】

黑龙江省实验中学2023-2024学年度上学期高二学年开学考试英语学科试题第一部分：听力(共两节，满分20分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出品佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdoesthemanbuyforthewoman’sbirthday?A.ApairofshoesB.Achocolatebar.C.Acoat.2.Whendidthewomanfirstexperiencepain?A.OnSaturdaynight.B.OnSundaymorning.C.OnMondaymorning.3.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Walktowork.B.Gotothegym.C.Findacheaperparkinglot.4.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofherscarf?A.It’susefultoprotectherfromdustB.It’sthickenoughtokeepherwarmC.It’snotthatold.5.Wherewerethetworabbitsatfirst?A.Atthegate.B.AtthecornerC.Behindthegrasses.第二节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6.Whatisgarlicbeneficialtoaccordingtotheman?A.Theheart.B.ThemouthC.Thehead.7.Whatkindoffoodisthemanmoreconcernedabout?A.Theonethatischeap.B.Theonethatishealthy.C.Theonethattastesgreat.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whydothespeakerswanttocelebrate?A.Theschooltermisending.B.Thewoman’sbirthdayiscoming.C.Allthestudentshavefinishedexams.9.Whereistheconversationtakingplace?A.Intheclassroom.B.Inthelibrary.C.Inthecanteen10.Whatdoesthemanprefertodoforcelebration?A.Havesomesnacksinthecafeteria.B.Haveapartywithfriendsallnight.C.Haveamealoutsideoftheschool.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.HowtocomfortJoyceafterherloss.B.HowtolookafterJoyce’skids.C.HowtovisitJoyce’sbrother.12.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Strangers.B.Colleagues.C.Neighbors.13.WhatwillthewomandoforJoyce?A.Buyherapet.B.Dosomegardening.C.Helphercleanherhouse听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.WhyisthemanlookingforJennifer?A.Toapologizetoher.B.Togivehersomecurtains.C.Totalkaboutaprojectwithher.15.WheredoesJenniferalwaysstayatthismoment!A.Inheroffice.B.Inthecanteen.C.Inthemeetingroom16.Whomightthewomanbe!A.AwaitressinacanteenB.Aworkerinacompany.C.Asalespersoninaclothingstore.17.Whatisthemangoingtodoafterwork?A.GotoJennifer’shouse.B.BuysomethinginamallC.Meetsomeclients.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Howmuchintotalwillbeusedinearthquakerelief?A.£60million.B.£100million.C.£160million.19.Howcanpeopleexpresstheirwillingtohelptherescueteam?A.Bycontactingtheradioprogram.B.Bycallingacharityorganization.CByleavingpersonalinformationatawebsite.20.Whatisthemainpurposeofthetalk?A.Toforecasttheweatherofthisweek.BTopraisesponsorsinthedisasterrelief.C.Toupdateinformationabouttheearthquake.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共10小题;每小题2分，满分20分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AArestfulnight’sleepstarswiththequalityofyourpillows.Readonforthebestmemoryfoampillows,backedbyourtesting.TheCompanyStorePillow5Ifyouhavetroubledecidingbetweensupportandcomfortwhenpillowshopping,looknofurtherthanTheCompanyStorePillow.Itoffersthebestofbothworldswithitstwo-in-onedesign.Onesideisconstructedwithamemoryfoamthatadjuststoyourhead.Theothersideismadeofagelfiberandofferstonsofcomfortthroughoutthenight.QutoolCoolingBedPillow4.7Forthosewhoareinthemarketforamoreaffordablepillowthatmatchespricieroptions,theQuToolCoolingBedPillowsdeliveronthatandmore.Thepillow’scoolingcapabilitiesdefinitelyimpressedourtester.However,shedidfindthatshehadtoadjustthefillingafewtimesthroughoutthenighttomaintaincomfort.Tuft&NeedleOriginalFoamPillow4.5Ifyoupreferasofterpillow,theTuft&NeedleOriginalFoamPillowisagreatoptionthatoffersacushionyfeelwithoutcompromisingsupport.Whileit’sonthepricierside,wethinkarestfulnight’ssleepiswellworththeinvestment.MarlowThePillow4.2AccordingtoJanLefkowitz,D.C.,founderandownerofBodyInBalanceChiropractic,peoplewhosleepontheirsiderequireadifferentamountofsupportinapillowthanthosewhosleepontheirbackorstomach.MarlowThePillowincludesahiddenzipperchanneldesignedtoadjustthepillow’sloftwithoutthemessofloosefilling,providingadequatevolumethatmaysuitsidesleepers.1.WhatmightbethedisadvantageofTuft&NeedleOriginalFoamPillow?A.Itsquality. B.Itscomfort. C.Itsmaterial. D.Itsprice.2.WhoarethetargetcustomersofMarlowThePillow?A.Thosewhosleepsideways. B.Thosewhoprefersoftpillows.C.Thosewhoareconsciousofprice. D.Thosewhohavesleepingproblems.3.Whichisthebestoverallpick?A.TheCompanyStorePillow. B.QutoolCoolingBedPillow.C.Tuft&NeedleOriginalFoamPillow. D.MarlowThePillow.【答案】1.D2.A3.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四款枕头的情况。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Whileit’sonthepricierside,wethinkarestfulnight’ssleepiswellworththeinvestment.(虽然价格昂贵，但我们认为一个宁静的夜晚是值得投资的)”可知，Tuft&NeedleOriginalFoamPillow的缺点是价格。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“MarlowThePillowincludesahiddenzipperchanneldesignedtoadjustthepillow’sloftwithoutthemessofloosefilling,providingadequatevolumethatmaysuitsidesleepers.(马洛枕头包括一个隐藏的拉链通道，旨在调整枕头的厚度，没有混乱的松散填充物，提供足够的体积，适合侧睡者)”可知，侧身睡觉的人是MarlowThePillow的目标客户。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据“TheCompanyStorePillow5(TheCompanyStorePillow：五颗星)”可知，TheCompanyStorePillow是评分最高的产品，故是最佳选择。故选A。BAsskiesarefilledwithmillionsofmigratingbirds,Europeanscientistssaytheseasonalwonderappearstobestrange:Thefatterthebird,thebetteritflies.Theresultsoftheirstudyledtoatheoryoppositetoacentraloneofaerodynamics(空气动力学),whichsaythatthepowerneededtoflyincreasedwithweight.Forbirds,obviously,thecostofflyingwithheavyfatismuchsmallerthanweusedtothink.Researchersfoundthatredknotwadingbirdsdoubletheirnormalbodyweightof100gramsbeforemakingtheirtwice-a-yearnonstopflightbetweentheBritishIslesandtheRussianArcticDistance:5,000kilometers.AnotherstudyinthemagazineNaturemeasuredtheadvantageofflyinginanaerodynamicgroupwhichallowsbirdstosaveenergybyflyingsmoothlyandquietlyintheleadbird’sairstream.Flyingingroups,theirheartrateswere14.5percentlowerthanflyingalone,accordingtoHenri,aFrenchscientist.Thefindingshelpexplainhowbirdscompletedifficultmigrations.Researchershadthoughtthatthinner,strongerbirdswouldhavethebestchancetosurvive.Thefirststudysuggeststhatbuildingupfattobeburntasfuelduringthemigrationisworthmorethantheenergyittakestocarrytheadditionalweight.Inthestudy,researcherssaidtheirteamstudiedthebirdsflownatdifferentbodyweightsduring28simulated(模拟的)flights.Theyforcedasmallamountofspecialwaterintothebirds’bodiessothattheycouldmeasuretheamountofenergyburntduringtheflight.4.Aredknotwadingbirdof100gramswillprobablyweighbeforemakingitsnonstopmigratingfight.A.100grams B.120grams C.200grams D.250grams5.Duringtheirmigratingflight,redknotwadingbirdscansaveenergybyflying.A.alone B.separately C.inpairs D.ingroups6.A_______redknotwadingbirdhasabetterchancetosurviveduringitsmigratingflight.A.stronger B.weaker C.thinner D.fatter7.Thebesttitleforthispassagemayprobablybe.A.BirdsFattenUpForJourney B.BirdsThinDownForJourneyC.HowBirdsBuildUpFatForJourney D.HowBirdsBurnEnergyForJourney【答案】4.C5.D6.D7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了欧洲科学家的研究结果，鸟类越胖，飞行能力越好。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Researchersfoundthatredknotwadingbirdsdoubletheirnormalbodyweightof100gramsbeforemakingtheirtwice-a-yearnonstopflightbetweentheBritishIslesandtheRussianArctic(研究人员发现，红结涉禽在每年两次在不列颠群岛和俄罗斯北极之间不间断飞行之前，体重是正常体重100克的两倍)”可知，一只红结涉禽的正常体重是100克，进行不间断的迁徙飞行之前，体重是正常体重的两倍，即200克。故选C。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“AnotherstudyinthemagazineNaturemeasuredtheadvantageofflyinginanaerodynamicgroupwhichallowsbirdstosaveenergybyflyingsmoothlyandquietlyintheleadbird’sairstream.(《自然》杂志上的另一项研究测量了在空气动力学组中飞行的优势，该组可以让鸟类在领先鸟类的气流中平稳安静地飞行，从而节省能量)”可知，红结涉禽以一群鸟一起飞行的方式进行飞行时，能够节省能量。故选D。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段“Thefirststudysuggeststhatbuildingupfattobeburntasfuelduringthemigrationisworthmorethantheenergyittakestocarrytheadditionalweight.(第一项研究表明，在迁徙过程中积累脂肪作为燃料燃烧，其价值超过携带额外重量所需的能量)”可知，脂肪在迁徙过程中更有价值，即更胖的红结涉禽在迁徙飞行中有更好的生存机会。故选D。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Asskiesarefilledwithmillionsofmigratingbirds,Europeanscientistssaytheseasonalwonderappearstobestrange:Thefatterthebird,thebetteritflies.(欧洲科学家表示，由于天空中布满了数百万只候鸟，这种季节性的奇迹似乎很奇怪：鸟越胖，飞得越好)”以及第六段“Thefirststudysuggeststhatbuildingupfattobeburntasfuelduringthemigrationisworthmorethantheenergyittakestocarrytheadditionalweight.(第一项研究表明，在迁徙过程中积累脂肪作为燃料燃烧，其价值超过携带额外重量所需的能量)”可知，本文主要介绍了欧洲科学家的研究结果，鸟类越胖，飞行能力越好，在迁徙飞行中的生存机会越好，所以“鸟类为旅途增胖”可以作为文章标题。故选A。CAdevicethatstopsdriversfromfallingasleepatthewheelisabouttoundergotestingatDepartmentofTransportlaboratoriesandcouldgoonsalewithin12months.Thesystem,calledDriverAlert,aimstoreducedeadlyroadaccidentsby20%-40%thatarecausedbytiredness.Airlinepilotscanalsouseittoreducethe30%ofallpilot-erroraccidentsthatarerelatedtofatigue.DriverAlertisbasedonacomputerizedwristband.Thedevice,wornbydriversorpilots,givesoutasoundabouteveryfourminutesduringacarjourney.Aftereachsoundthedrivermustrespondbysqueezingthesteeringwheel(方向盘).Asensorinthewristbanddetectsthispressingactionandmeasuresthetimebetweenthesoundandthedriver’sresponse.Tirednessisdirectlyrelatedtoadriver’sresponsetime.Usually,awatchfuldriverwouldtakeabout400millisecondstorespondbutoncethatfallstomorethan500milliseconds,itsuggeststhatthedriverisgettingsleepy.Insuchcasesthedevicegivesoutmoreregularandloudersounds,showingthatthedrivershouldopenawindoworstopforarest.Ifthedriver’sresponsecontinuestoslowdown,thesoundsbecomemorefrequentuntilanonstopalarmwarnsthatthedrivermuststopassoonaspossible.Thedevicehasbeendeliveredtothedepartment’slaboatoriesfortesting.Ifthesetests,scheduledforsixmonths’time,aresuccessful,themakerswillbringtheproducttomarketwithinaboutayear.8.Accordingtothetext,DriverAlert____________.A.aimstoreducetiredness-relatedaccidentsB.hasgonethroughtestingatlaboratoriesCaimstopreventdriversfromsleepingD.hasbeenonsalefor12months9.HowshouldadriverrespondtothesoundsfromDriverAlert?A.Bysoundingawarning. B.Bypressingthesteeringwheel.C.Bycheckingthedrivingtime. D.Bytouchingthewristband.10.Whenthedrivergetssleepywhiledriving,DriverAlert____________.A.movesmoreregularly B.stopsworkingproperlyC.soundsmorefrequentlyandloudly D.opensthewindowforthedriver【答案】8.A9.B10.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个旨在于减少由于司机疲劳驾驶而导致事故的装置DriverAlert，详细说明了它的工作原理和具体作用。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Thesystem,calledDriverAlert,aimstoreducedeadlyroadaccidentsby20%-40%thatarecausedbytiredness.(这个名为“驾驶员警报”的系统旨在将疲劳导致的致命交通事故减少20%-40%)”可知，DriverAlert旨在减少与疲劳有关的事故。故选A。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的“Aftereachsoundthedrivermustrespondbysqueezingthesteeringwheel(方向盘).(每次发出声音后，驾驶员必须通过按压方向盘来做出反应)”可知，驾驶员应该通过按压方向盘来回应来自DriverAlert的声音，故选B。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“Ifthedriver’sresponsecontinuestoslowdown,thesoundsbecomemorefrequentuntilanonstopalarmwarnsthatthedrivermuststopassoonaspossible.(如果司机的反应继续变慢，声音就会变得越来越频繁，直到一个不间断的警报器警告司机必须尽快停车)”可知，当司机在开车时犯困，DriverAlert的声音会更频繁、更大声。故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。SoothetheSundayscariesMostofuslookforwardtotheweekendasatimetorelax,connectwithfriendsandfamily,anddealwithtasksfromato-dolistthatgetsneglectedduringtheworkweek.Butastheweekendcomestoanend,manyaremissingoutonSundayFundayandinsteadexperiencinganoverwhelmingsenseofanxietyandevendreadabouttheupcomingweek.___11___Somepeopledescribeitasaheavinesstheycanfeelintheirbody,whileothersfeelsounsettledthattheycouldjumpoutoftheirskin.EventhoughtheSundayscariesarecommon,theyaremanageable.Here’showexpertssayyoucaneaseyourend-of-weekendanxiety.StructureyourSunday.___12___Youmightstillgothroughthatsenseofdread,butthatfeelingishardertoholdontowhenyou’reengaginginsomethingthatmakesyoufeelgood.Don’tforgettorelax.Ifyou’refeelingmorestress,it’simportanttomakespaceforrelaxingactivitiestogroundyourself.Maybeamidafternoonshowerorbath,maybeanengagingmovieorshow,whateverfeelslikeahelpfuldistractiontoregroundfromthescaries.Identifyyouranxietysources.Trytofigureoutwhat’sreallycausingyoutodreadtheweek.___13___Evenifthere’snotasinglereasonbehindyourSundayanxiety,organizingthestressintosmallpartscanhelpmakeitallmoremanageable.___14___GettingridoftheSundayscariesisn’tjustaboutminimizingthegloomoftheweekahead.Havesomethingtolookforwardto.Thisgivesyoutheopportunitytoshiftyourthoughtstofunandwillhelpimproveyourmood.EndyourSundaywiththerightenergy.Sundaynightisaproperwind-downtime.Maybeyouwanttojournal,doafacemask,readafewpagesofagoodbook.DoyourbesttohonorthistimeandmakeSundaynightallaboutyou.___15___A.Isitadeadline,meetingorpresentation?B.Createsomeexcitementfortheweekahead.C.ExpertshavereferredtothisworryasSundayscaries.D.Sundayscariescomefromtirednessafterareallybusyweekend.E.Thenyoufeelempoweredandconfidentthatyou’llbereadyforthenextday.F.Insteadofsittingonthecouchandwatchingtheclock,gotodosomethingthatyouenjoy.G.Anxietyisanaturalresponsethathappensinpreparationforanythingthatcausespainordiscomfort.【答案】11.C12.F13.A14.B15.E【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了几个缓解周末焦虑的方法。【11题详解】上文“Butastheweekendcomestoanend,manyaremissingoutonSundayFundayandinsteadexperiencinganoverwhelmingsenseofanxietyandevendreadabouttheupcomingweek.”（但随着周末的结束，许多人错过了周日的欢乐日，取而代之的是对即将到来的一周感到压倒性的焦虑甚至恐惧）陈述随着周末的结束，对即将到来的一周感到压倒性的焦虑。C项ExpertshavereferredtothisworryasSundayscaries.（专家称这种担忧为“周日恐慌”）符合语境，是对上文现象的定义。故选C项。12题详解】下文“Youmightstillgothroughthatsenseofdread,butthatfeelingishardertoholdontowhenyou’reengaginginsomethingthatmakesyoufeelgood.”（你可能仍然会经历那种恐惧感，但是当你从事让你感觉良好的事情时，这种感觉很难坚持下去）陈述做一些让你感到良好的事情。F项Insteadofsittingonthecouchandwatchingtheclock,gotodosomethingthatyouenjoy.（与其坐在沙发上看时间，不如去做一些你喜欢的事情）符合语境，与下文承接自然。故选F项。【13题详解】根据上文“Trytofigureoutwhat’sreallycausingyoutodreadtheweek.”（试着找出真正让你害怕这一周的原因）可推知，空格处内容为相关的原因。A项Isitadeadline,meetingorpresentation?（是截止日期、会议还是报告？）符合此推断，上下文语意连贯。故选A项。【14题详解】由该题为段落小标题。该段下文“GettingridoftheSundayscariesisn’tjustaboutminimizingthegloomoftheweekahead.Havesomethingtolookforwardto.Thisgivesyoutheopportunitytoshiftyourthoughtstofunandwillhelpimproveyourmood.”（摆脱周日的恐惧不仅仅是将未来一周的阴霾最小化。有一些期待。这让你有机会把你的想法转移到有趣的事情上，并有助于改善你的情绪）陈述对接下来的一周保持一些期待。B项Createsomeexcitementfortheweekahead.（为接下来的一周创造一些刺激）可作为本段小标题，开启下文。故选B项。【15题详解】空处位于段末，应承接上文。根据上文“DoyourbesttohonorthistimeandmakeSundaynightallaboutyou.”（尽你最大的努力来纪念这段时光，让周日晚上完完全全属于你）推知，空处陈述这样做的好处。E项Thenyoufeelempoweredandconfidentthatyou’llbereadyforthenextday.（然后你会觉得自己被赋予了力量，并且自信满满地为第二天做好了准备）符合语境。故选E项。第三部分语言运用(共三节，满分35分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Forme,oneculturalshockwasduringmystayinSouthKorea.In2019,IwenttoSeoultoteachEnglish.AssoonasIlandedIwenttodinner.Iwaspescatarian(鱼素者)atthetimeandaskedifwecouldgotoarestaurantthat____16____fish.UnlikeWesternrestaurants,Koreanrestaurantsusuallyspecializeina(n)____17____dish.Myhost’sentirefamilyaccompaniedme,includingher2kidsandhisgrandmother.Iwasn’tgivenamenu,asinKoreait’susuallytheoldestpersonthatchooseswhatto____18____.Myfirstsurprisewasthebanchan(sidedishes).Iwas____19____byallthe“exotic”smells,tastesandtextureswhilesittingonthefloor.Butthemost____20____partofthemealwasthemaindish.Thewaiter____21____someoctopustentacles(触角).Oncloser____22____,Isawthattheywerestillmovingontheplateasiftryingto____23____.Butthegrandmotherkept____24____theliveoctopusinsomelettuceand____25____itdownmythroat.InKoreayou____26____thatageandpositionareofgreatimportance,soIjusthadto____27____whatIwasgiven.Thiswasthefirstexperiencethat____28____myeyestothecomplexityofculturalnorms.Whatisconsidered“weird”atoneendoftheworldistotally____29____attheotherend.Ilearnedtojustopenmymouthandtakeabigbiteofthat____30____.16.A.served B.promoted C.advertised D.cooked17.A.striking B.expensive C.specific D.attractive18.A.order B.treat C.enjoy D.decide19.A.amazed B.inspired C.disappointed D.overwhelmed20.A.unbearable B.significant C.poisonous D.desirable21.A.tookup B.tendto C.broughtout D.figureout22.A.observation B.selection C.reflection D.interaction23.A.disguise B.escape C.fade D.march24.A.wrapping B.roasting C.tearing D.combining25.A.settling B.stuffing C.delivering D.squeezing26.A.admit B.predict C.learn D.admire27.A.swallow B.digest C.reject D.absorb28.A.opened B.feasted C.limited D.kept29.A.precious B.unexpected C.flexible D.normal30.A.mystery B.charm C.difference D.fortune【答案】16.A17.C18.A19.D20.A21.C22.A23.B24.A25.B26.C27.A28.A29.D30.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一次在韩国餐厅用餐的经历，这次经历让作者看到文化规范的复杂性，在世界的一端被认为是“怪异”的事情，在世界的另一端却完全正常。【16题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时我是一个鱼素主义者，于是我问他我们能不能去一家卖鱼的餐馆。A.served服务，端上；B.promoted促进；C.advertised打广告；D.cooked烹饪。根据上文“arestaurant”此处指餐厅卖鱼这道菜，故选A。【17题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与西餐厅不同，韩国餐厅通常专门做一道特定的菜。A.striking惊人的；B.expensive昂贵的；C.specific特定的；D.attractive吸引人的。根据上文“Koreanrestaurantsusuallyspecializein”可知，指韩国餐厅通常专注做一道特定的菜。故选C。【18题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们没有给我菜单，因为在韩国，通常是年龄最大的人来选择点什么。A.order命令，点餐；B.treat治疗；C.enjoy欣赏；D.decide决定。根据上文“theoldestpersonthatchooseswhatto”可知，在韩国，通常是年龄最大的人来选择点什么。故选A。【19题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我坐在地板上时，我被所有“异国情调”的气味、味道和质地所淹没。A.amazed使惊讶；B.inspired鼓舞；C.disappointed使失望；D.overwhelmed压倒。根据后文“byallthe“exotic”smells,tastesandtextures”可知，指作者被所有“异国情调”的气味、味道和质地所淹没。故选D。【20题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但这顿饭最让人难以忍受的还是主菜。A.unbearable难以忍受的；B.significant重要的；C.poisonous有毒的；D.desirable渴望的。上文“byallthe“exotic”smells,tastesandtextureswhilesittingonthefloor”作者已经列举了一些让人感到不舒服的地方了，而后文介绍的菜是这顿饭最让人难以忍受的。故选A。【21题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：服务员拿出一些章鱼的触角。A.tookup拿起；B.tendto倾向于；C.broughtout出版，拿出；D.figureout弄清楚。根据后文“someoctopustentacles”指服务员拿出一些章鱼的触手。故选C。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过更仔细的观察，我看到它们还在盘子上移动，好像在试图逃跑。A.observation观察；B.selection选择；C.reflection反思；D.interaction互动。根据后文“Isawthattheywerestillmovingontheplate”可知，经过更仔细的观察，作者看到章鱼触手还在盘子上移动，故选A。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过更仔细的观察，我看到它们还在盘子上移动，好像在试图逃跑。A.disguise假扮；B.escape逃走；C.fade褪色；D.march前进。根据上文“theywerestillmovingontheplateasiftryingto”可知，触角还在移动好像在试图逃跑。故选B。24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但奶奶一直用生菜包着活章鱼，塞进我的喉咙里。A.wrapping包裹；B.roasting烤；C.tearing撕开；D.combining结合。根据后文“theliveoctopusinsomelettuce”可知，奶奶一直用生菜包着活章鱼，故选A。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但奶奶一直用生菜包着活章鱼，塞进我的喉咙里。A.settling安居；B.stuffing填充；C.delivering递送；D.squeezing挤压。根据后文“itdownmythroat”指奶奶把用生菜包着活章鱼塞进作者的喉咙里。故选B。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在韩国，你知道年龄和地位非常重要，所以我只能吞下别人给我的东西。A.admit承认；B.predict预测；C.learn学习；D.admire钦佩。根据后文“thatageandpositionareofgreatimportance”指了解韩国的习俗是年龄和地位非常重要，故选C。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在韩国，你知道年龄和地位非常重要，所以我只能吞下别人给我的东西。A.swallow吞咽；B.digest消化；C.reject拒绝；D.absorb吸收。呼应上文“itdownmythroat”指作者只能吞下这些食物。故选A。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是我第一次看到文化规范的复杂性。A.opened打开；B.feasted饱餐；C.limited限制；D.kept保持。根据后文“myeyestothecomplexityofculturalnorms”可知，这次经历打开了作者的眼界，看到文化规范的复杂性。应用open。故选A。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在世界的一端被认为是“怪异”的事情，在世界的另一端却完全正常。A.precious宝贵的；B.unexpected意外的；C.flexible灵活的；D.normal正常的。根据上文“Whatisconsidered“weird”atoneendoftheworld”可知，在世界的一端被认为是“怪异”的事情，在世界的另一端却完全正常。故选D。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我学会了张开嘴，大口品尝那种不同。A.mystery神秘；B.charm魅力；C.difference差异；D.fortune运气。上文提到“在世界的一端被认为是“怪异”的事情，在世界的另一端却完全正常”，即存在差异，而作者学会了去尝试这种不同。故选C。第二节单句填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)阅读下面单句，用所给单词的正确形式填空。31.Myonly____________(complain)isthatthepriceisratherhigh.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】complaint【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：我唯一的抱怨是价格太高了。Myonly后跟名词，作主语，complain的名词是complaint，意为“抱怨”，only修饰，用单数形式，故填complaint。32.Althoughhesaidnothing,Icouldsensehis___________.(angry).(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】anger【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：虽然他什么也没说，但我能感觉到他的愤怒。his后用名词，angry的名词是anger，是不可数名词，意为“愤怒”，作宾语。故填anger。33.ThegrandparadeonNationalDaywas_________(drama)andappealing.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】dramatic【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：国庆节的盛大游行是激动人心的、吸引人的。此处作表语应用形容词dramatic表示“激动人心的”。故填dramatic。34.Allwehavetodoistakephotoswhenweadmirethe_________(set)sun.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】setting【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当我们欣赏落日时，我们所要做的就是拍照。分析句子结构可知，when引导的时间状语从句中已有谓语动词admire，空处作非谓语动词，set与被修饰词sun之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式setting作定语。故填setting。35.Therearespecial________________(arrange)forpeopleworkinglonghours.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】arrangements【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：对长时间工作的人有特殊安排。special是形容词，修饰名词，arrange的名词是arrangement，由are可知，空格处主语用名词的复数，故填arrangements。36.Shehadabadheadacheand__________(admit)tothelocalhospitalthismorning.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】wasadmitted【解析】【详解】考查动词语态和主谓一致。句意：她头痛得厉害，今天早上住进了当地医院。由thismorning可知，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，她被收治入院，所以She和admit之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用一般过去时的被动语态，主语She是单数，因此空格处是wasadmitted。故填wasadmitted。37.Theotherday,webroughtalongpiecesofoldbreadand__________(feed)thebirds.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】fed【解析】【详解】考查动词时态。句意：前几天，我们带了一些旧面包来喂鸟。and前后时态一致，由Theotherday和brought可知，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，空格处用过去式。故填fed。38.Thelittlegirlmadeno__________(respond)toherteacher’squestion.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】response【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：小女孩没有回答老师的问题。空处用于否定词no之后，应用名词response，表示“回应，回答”，作动词made的宾语，符合题意。故填response。39.Marywasso___(scare)ofthedarkthathermumgaveheratorchtokeepunderherpillow.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】scared【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：玛丽非常怕黑，她妈妈给了她一个手电筒，让她放在枕头下面。空格处用形容词作表语，主语Mary是人，因此用ed结尾的形容词scared修饰，意为“害怕的”，故填scared。40.Withalltheevidence________(confirm),thehunterwhoshottherareanimaltodeathwascaught.（所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】confirmed【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在所有证据证实的情况下，射杀这种稀有动物的猎人被抓住了。with的复合结构，且evidence和confirm之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词表被动，做evidence的宾语补足语。故填confirmed。第三节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Theword“toad”(癞蛤蟆)wouldbeveryeasyinanEnglish-languagespellingbee,butnotinanationallytelevisedcontestinChina.InChinese,toadhasthreecharactersthataremadeupof46individualstrokes(笔画).YuShuang,____41____8-year-oldcontestant,quicklywrotethecharactersonascreenthat____42____(project)hereffortonabigdisplayaboveherhead.Whenshefinished,oneofthreejudgeshitthebellsignalingacorrectanswer.____43____theothertwodidn’tagree,____44____(point)outthattheyounggirlhadmissedasingledotinthethirdcharacter.Yuwasn’talone.Theshowtestedagroupofadultsintheaudience,just30%of____45____couldwritetoadcorrectly.SincethefirstshowonaminorTVchannelabouteducationalprogramming,the“ChineseCharactersDictationCompetition”____46____(explode)inpopularity.TheshowshiedtoaFridayeveningtimeonCCTV1,evenchallengingthepopularityofthecountry’smost____47____(watch)shows,includingChina’sversionof“TheVoice”.Itscreator,GuanZhengwensaid,“Thehopeis____48____theshowcouldarousepeople’s____49____(enthusiastic)forthelanguage,whichisoneofthemostspectaculartreasuresofChinesecivilizationandthefifthbiginventiontheChinesepeoplehavegiventohumanity.Theso-calledfourgreatinventionsfromChina_____50_____(typical)arelitedaspaper,gunpowder,thecompassandprinting.【答案】41.an42.projected43.But44.pointing45.whom46.hasexploded47.watched48.that49.enthusiasm50.typically【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了《汉字听写大赛》的其中一个比赛内容以及节目的目的。【41题详解】考查冠词。句意：8岁的选手于爽很快就在屏幕上写下了这些字，并将她的努力投射在她头顶的一块大屏幕上。contestant为可数名词，此处为泛指，且8-year-old是以元音音素开头的单词。故填an。【42题详解】考查动词时态。句意：8岁的选手于爽很快就在屏幕上写下了这些字，并将她的努力投射在她头顶的一块大屏幕上。根据上文wrote可知，应用一般过去时。故填projected。【43题详解】考查连词。句意：但另外两个人不同意，指出小女孩在第三个字里漏掉了一个点。结合前后文语境可知，前后句意存在转折关系，应用连词but，首字母大写。故填But。【44题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：但另外两个人不同意，指出小女孩在第三个字里漏掉了一个点。分析句子结构可知，p