考研英语完形填空专项练习(含答案)

TableofContents

Practice1

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Practice2

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Practice3

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Practice4

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Practice5

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Practice6

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Practice7

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Practice8

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Practice9

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Practice10

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Practice11

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Practice12

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Practice13

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Practice14

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Practice15

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Practice16

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Practice17

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Practice18

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Practice19

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Practice20

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Practice21

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Practice22

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Practice23

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Practice24

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Practice25

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Practice26

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Practice27

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Practice28

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Practice29

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Practice30

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AnswerKeys

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1

Practice1

Scientiststypicallysubmittheirpaperstotheeditorialboardofajournalspecializinginaparticularfieldofresearch.1thepaperisacceptedforpublication,theeditorialboardsendsitoutforpeerreview.Duringthisprocedureapanelofexperts,orreferees,.2thepaper,judgingwhetherornottheresearchhasbeencarriedinafullys3cientificmanner.Iftherefereesaresatisfi4ed,publication.Iftheyhave5,someoftheresearchmayhavetoberepeated,butifthey6seriousflaws,theentire

papermayberejectedforpublication.

Thepeer-reviewprocessplaysacriticalrolebecauseit7highstandardsofscientificmethod.8,itcanbeacontroversialarea,asitallows9viewstobecomeinvolved.Becausescientistsarehuman,theycannotavoid10personalopinionsaboutthevalueofeachother'swork.Furthermore,becausereferees11tobeseniorfigures,theymaybelessthanwelcomingtonewor

unorthodoxideas.

Onceapaperhasbeenacceptedandpublished,itbecomespartofthevastand12bodyofscientificknowledge.Intheearlydaysofscience,newresearchwasalwayspublishedinprintedform,buttodayscientificinformationspreadsbymanydifferent13.MostmajorjournalsarenowavailableviatheInternet,whichmakesthemquickly14toscientistsallovertheworld.

Whennewresearchispublished,itoftenactsasaspringboardforfurtherwork.Itsimpactcanthenbe15byseeinghow16thepublishedresearchappearsasacitedwork.Majorscientificbreakthroughsarecitedthousandsoftimesayear,butattheother17,obscurepiecesofresearchmaybecited18ornotatall.However,citationisnotalwaysa19guidetothevalueofscientificwork.Sometimesapieceofresearchwillgolargely20,onlytoberediscoveredinsubsequentyears.

1.[A]When[B]Before[C]Since[D]If

2.[A]supervise[B]assess[C]value[D]administer

3.[A]over[B]off[C]on[D]out

4.[A]goesahead[B]keepsup[C]takesover[D]turnsup

5.[A]conceptions[B]expectations[C]reservations[D]limitations

6.[A]address[B]justify[C]identify[D]suppress

7.[A]assures[B]ensures[C]confides[D]guarantees

8.[A]Therefore[B]Hence[C]Indeed[D]However

9.[A]objective[B]sensitive[C]subjective[D]competitive

10.[A]developing[B]injecting[C]expressing[D]transmitting

11.[A]intend[B]tend[C]happen[D]fear

12.[A]ever-inflating[B]ever-expanding[C]ever-extending[D]ever-accelerating

13.[A]directions[B]times[C]versions[D]means

14.[A]amiable[B]accessible[C]agreeable[D]accountable

15.[A]gauged[B]counted[C]concealed[D]calculated

16.[A]soon[B]far[C]often[D]long

17.[A]point[B]aspect[C]extreme[D]level

18.[A]frequently[B]oddly[C]rarely[D]occasionally

19.[A]reliable[B]available[C]identifiable[D]suitable

20.[A]undoubted[B]unexpected[C]unsuspected[D]unnoticed

2

Practice2

Moneytalkhaslongbeenconsideredunacceptableintheworkplace,butit'snotjustsocialnormsthathavekeptsuchconversationsinthedark.Accordingtoa2011survey,almosthalfofallAmericanworkersareeither1prohibitedorstronglydiscouragedbytheiremployersfromdiscussingtheirpaywithcoworkers

2whenit'snotagainsttherules,expertswarn3bringingupthepayscalewithpeopleinyouroffice.Forone,sayscareercoachCarinRockind,"ifmanagementeverfoundout,itmakesyoulook4andcouldbackfire."

Rockindemphasizesthatthese5usuallyleadtodisappointmentandlowerjobsatisfaction.AstudybytheNationalBureauofEconomicResearchreachedthesame6TheresearchersgavearandomsetofUniversityofCaliforniaemployees7toawebsitethat8.Universityworkers'salaryinformation.9workerswhodiscoveredthattheymadelessthanaverage.10reportedlowerjobsatisfaction,therewasno11increaseinreportedsatisfactionamongthosewhofoundoutthattheirearningswereaboveaverage.

PamelaTeagarden,anexpertincorporatebehavioralpsychology,saysthatsalarycomparisonconversationsoften12becausemostworkplaces13inwhatisknownasa"Prisoner'sDilemma."14cooperating,colleaguesareforcedtocompareandcompetebecauseeveryoneistryingforthenextpromotion,forthe.”Comparingsalariesonly16thatdynamic,.17ateam'sabilitytoworktogethertowardacommongoal.Toavoidthisproblem,Teagardenrecommendsthat

companies18other,non-monetary,“extrinsicmotivators,”likeencouragingfriendshipamong

coworkersandvaluingemployees'opinions.

Rockindalsoemphasizesthisnon-monetary.19.“There'sa20inoursocietythatmoneyleadstohappiness,"Rockindsays."Butit'sactuallytheotherwayaround:It'snotthatmoneyleadsto

happiness;it'sthathappypeoplemakemoremoney."

1.[A]expressly

[B]generally

[C]implicitly

[D]inevitably

2.[A]Only

[B]But

[C]Hence

[D]Even

3.[A]over

[B]against

[C]for

[D]on

4.[A]depressed

[B]dissatisfied

[C]eccentric

[D]furious

5.[A]rumours

[B]whispers

[C]conversations

[D]concepts

6.[A]decision

[B]determination

[C]conclusion

[D]solution

7.[A]right

[B]opportunity

[C]credit

[D]access

8.[A]listed

[B]raised

[C]performed

[D]extended

9.[A]When

[B]Since

[C]While

[D]If

10.[A]ultimately

[B]essentially

[C]immediately

[D]cheerfully

11.[A]astonishing

[B]considerable

[C]reciprocal

[D]dramatic

12.[A]increase

[B]arise

[C]proceed

[D]suspend

13.[A]manipulate

[B]manage

[C]involve

[D]operate

14.[A]Otherthan

[B]Nomorethan

[C]Morethan

[D]Ratherthan

15.[A]win

[B]wealth

[C]reputation

[D]praise

16.[A]interferes

[B]reinforces

[C]breaks

[D]activates

17.[A]undermining

[B]influencing

[C]shaping

[D]paralyzing

18.[A]carryon

[B]focuson

[C]insiston

[D]puton

19.[A]trend

[B]fashion

[C]approach

[D]motivator

20.[A]prototype

[B]convention

[C]tradition

[D]belief

3

Practice3

TheoutcryoverInternetfirms'habitofsecretlytrackingwebsurfers'activitieshasclearlyresonatedinsidetheWhiteHouse.OnMarch16ththeObamaadministrationannouncedthatit1toworkwithCongresstoproduce“aprivacybillofrights”givingAmericanconsumersgreater2overhowtheirinformationiscollectedandusedbydigitalmarketers.Thebillwillseekto3thebasicprinciplesofInternetprivacyrights,4followingrecommendationspublishedbytheDepartmentofCommerce.Thedepartment'sreportsaidconsumersshouldbetoldmoreaboutwhydataarebeingcollectedaboutthemandhowtheyareused;anditcalledforstricter5onwhatcompaniescandowithinformationtheycollect.

Whateverlegislationfinallyemergesislikelytogiveabroader6totheFederalTradeCommission(FTC),whichwillalmostcertainlybe7withdecidinghowthoseprinciplesare8intopracticeandwithpolicingtheirimplementation.Amongotherthings,theFTCisknowntobe9onaformal“donottrack"system,whichwouldallowusersto10certainsitesfrommonitoringtheironlineactivities.

11allthismaydecreasetheirrevenues,America'sInternetgiantscouldalsobenefitfromthelegislationifithelpsthemintheir12withtheEuropeanUnion.TheEU'salreadyfairlystrictrulesonprivacyarebeing.13further.Thetime-consumingandexpensivelegalhoopstheEUmakesAmericanInternetfirmsjump.14,tobeallowedto15Europeans'onlinedata,willbecome

more16.

17bypassingitsownonline-privacy“billofrights”AmericacanconvincetheEUto18thislegalburden,thenitwillbeanimportant.19forAmericancompanies.Google,Facebookandotherswillnodoubtbetracking—bothonlineandoffline—theprogressofEU-Americantalksonthismattervery.20

1.[A]urges

[B]promises

[C]conducts

[D]intends

2.[A]emphasis

[B]control

[C]bargain

[D]supervision

3.[A]laydown

[B]figureout

[C]takeup

[D]putin

4.[A]broadly

[B]thoroughly

[C]eventually

[D]completely

5.[A]constitutions

[B]measures

[C]limits

[D]means

6.[A]vision

[B]sense

[C]role

[D]support

7.[A]charged

[B]burdened

[C]integrated

[D]occupied

8.[A]introduced

[B]taken

[C]persuaded

[D]translated

9.[A]decisive

[B]enthusiastic

[C]keen

[D]predominant

10.[A]block

[B]guard

[C]supervise

[D]remove

11.[A]Nowthat

[B]Because

[C]Although

[D]Provided

12.[A]negotiations

[B]dealings

[C]associations

[D]debates

13.[A]tightened

[B]observed

[C]hardened

[D]challenged

14.[A]in

[B]over

[C]around

[D]through

15.[A]analyse

[B]handle

[C]collect

[D]trade

16.[A]reasonable

[B]susceptible

[C]demanding

[D]complicated

17.[A]Since

[B]Unless

[C]If

[D]While

18.[A]address

[B]eliminate

[C]ignore

[D]ease

19.[A]conclusion

[B]win

[C]bonus

[D]transition

20.[A]eagerly

[B]hopefully

[C]closely

[D]cheerfully

4

Practice4

TheTreasurycouldpocket20millionayearinextrafinesoncethecountry'sspeedcameranetworkisexpanded.Motoringorganizationswarnedthatthe.1couldbecomeapolltaxonwheels’,2hugenumberofdrivers.Therecouldbemanymoreincidentsofdeliberatedamaging3cameras.Thewarningscame4aDailyMailsurveyfoundalmostallthe23police

forcesinEnglandandWaleswereeither5toexpansionplansorconsidering6.

Nationwide,thenumberofspeedingticketsisexpectedtoincreasethreefold,790millionayear.8thescheme,policekeepsomeofthecashfromfinesto9thecostsoffittingandmaintainingextracamerasand10thatexistingonesalwayshavefilminthem.TherestwillgototheTreasury.BothMinistersandpoliceinsisttheschemeisaimed11atmakingroadssafer.Theypointto

trialsineightareaswhichcutcollisionsbyaquarteranddeathsandseriousinjuriesby12ahalf.

Butmotoringorganizations13cameraswillbesitedonrelativelysafebutfaststretchestocatchasmanydriversaspossible.Someforcesarealsoexpectedto.14the“threshold”speedsatwhichcamerasare15totheabsolutelegalminimum—15mphina10mphlimit,and26mphina20mphzone.Thiscouldencouragedriverstostareattheirspeedometersinsteadofconcentratingontheroad,and16tomoreaccidents.SueNicholson,headofcampaignsattheRAC,said,"Wedon'thaveaproblemwithspeedcameras17.Butwedohaveconcernsabout18theyaresited.Policerisklosing

credibility19motoristsifcamerasareseenasrevenue-raising20safetydevices.”

1.[A]promotions[B]punishments[C]penalties[D]payments

2.[A]isolating[B]separating[C]alienating[D]detaching

3.[A]towards[B]against[C]before[D]over

4.[A]so[B]once[C]as[D]where

5.[A]subjected[B]engaged[C]intended[D]committed

6.[A]takingpart[B]keepingsilent[C]makingexception[D]payingrespect

7.[A]financing[B]profiting[C]funding[D]netting

8.[A]From[B]Under[C]On[D]With

9.[A]hide[B]cover[C]conceal[D]veil

10.[A]pledging[B]assuring[C]confirming[D]ensuring

11.[A]essentially[B]strongly[C]particularly[D]purely

12.[A]inall[B]fewerthan[C]atmost[D]upto

13.[A]fear[B]hope[C]expect[D]doubt

14.[A]fit[B]put[C]set[D]fix

15.[A]levered[B]geared[C]handled[D]triggered

16.[A]lead[B]add[C]contribute[D]resort

17.[A]anyless[B]byitself[C]afterall[D]assuch

18.[A]who[B]when[C]where[D]which

19.[A]in[B]with[C]against[D]for

20.[A]inspiteof[B]farfrom[C]ratherthan[D]bymeansof

5

Practice5

Thephrase“MozartEffect”conjuresanimageofapregnantwomanwho,sportingheadphonesoverherbelly,isconvincedthatplayingclassicalmusictoherunbornchildwillimprovethechild'sintelligence.Butis

therescienceto1thisidea?

AshortpaperpublishedinNaturein1993unwittinglyintroducedthe.2Mozarteffecttothemasses.PsychologistFrancesRauscher'sstudyinvolved36collegekidswholistenedtoeither10minutesofaMozartsonatainD-major,arelaxationtrackor3beforeperformingseveralspatialreasoningtasks.ItfoundthatstudentswhohadlistenedtoMozartseemedto4significantimprovementintheirperformance.

5in1999psychologistChristopherChabrisperformedameta-analysisonstudies.6totheMozarteffecttosurveyitsoverall7.He8thattheimprovementcouldsimplybearesultofthenaturalvariabilityapersonexperiencesbetweentwotestsittings.

Earlierthisyear,theFederalMinistryofEducationandResearchinGermanypublishedasecondreviewstudy9across-disciplinaryteamof.10inclinedscientistswhodeclaredthephenomenon11.“Iwouldsimplysaythatthereisno12evidencethatchildrenwholistentoclassicalmusicaregoingtohave13improvementincognitiveabilities,"addsRauscher.

14itsrejectionbythescientificcommunity,companiescontinueto15classicalmusictoparentsofchildrenwhocanpurportedlylistentheirwaytogreatersmarts.

Chabrissaystherealdangerisn'tinthis16marketing,butinparentsshirkingrolestheyareevolutionarilymeantto17.Ittakesawayfromotherkindsof18thatmightbebeneficialforchildren,suchasplayingwiththemandkeepingthem19viasocialactivity.Thatisthe20toa

trulyintelligentchild,not

thesymphoniesofalong-deadAustriancomposer.

1.[A]putup

[B]takeup[C]backup

[D]makeup

2.[A]assumed

[B]quoted[C]supposed

[D]predicted

3.[A]silence

[B]noise[C]twitter

[D]bark

4.[A]cultivate

[B]contain[C]release

[D]show

5.[A]So

[B]But[C]While

[D]As

6.[A]opposite

[B]beneficial[C]attached

[D]related

7.[A]effectiveness

[B]popularity[C]feasibility

[D]complexity

8.[A]perceives

[B]notes[C]realizes

[D]recognizes

9.[A]about

[B]on[C]under

[D]from

10.[A]historically

[B]artistically[C]musically

[D]physically

11.[A]noncontroversial

[B]nonprofessional[C]nonessential

[D]nonexistent

12.[A]promising

[B]compelling[C]outstanding

[D]rewarding

13.[A]some

[B]each[C]another

[D]any

14.[A]Except

[B]Like[C]Despite

[D]Among

15.[A]introduce

[B]hawk[C]offer

[D]award

16.[A]diplomatic

[B]questionable[C]vigorous

[D]prudent

17.[A]serve

[B]reinforce[C]satisfy

[D]ensure

18.[A]assimilation

[B]cooperation[C]consultation

[D]interaction

19.[A]amused

[B]focused[C]engaged

[D]motivated

20.[A]right

[B]key[C]shortcut

[D]way

6

Practice6

Workingoutexactlywhatstudentsandtaxpayersgetforthemoneytheyspendonuniversitiesisatrickybusiness.NowtheOrganizationforEconomicCo-operationandDevelopment(OECD)isplanningtomakethe1abiteasier,byproducingthefirstinternational2ofhowsuccessfullyuniversitiesteach.

“3assumingthatbecauseauniversityspendsmoreitmustbebetter,orusingotherproxymeasuresfor4,wewilllookatlearningoutcomes,"explainsAndreasSchleicher,theOECD'sheadofeducationresearch.JustastheOECD5primaryandsecondaryeducationbytesting6chosengroupsofyoungstersfromeachcountryinreadingandmathematics,itwill7universitystudentstoseewhattheyhavelearned.8enoughuniversitiesaretakingpart,itmaypublishleaguetablesshowingwhereeachcountry9,justasitnowdoesforcompulsoryeducation.

TheOECDplan10approvalfromaneducationministers'meetinginJanuary.Thefirst11areplannedby2010.Theywillbeofinterestnotjustasaguideforshoppersintheglobalmarket,butalsoas12ofperformanceindomesticmarkets.Theywillhelpacademicswonderingwhethertostayputorswitchjobs,students13wheretospendtheirtimeandmoney,and14universitybosseswhowantasharpercompetitive15fortheirinstitution.

ThetasktheOECDhassetitselfis16.Inmanysubjects,suchasliteratureandhistory,thesyllabus17hugelyfromonecountry,and18onecampus,toanother.ButOECDresearchersthinkthatproblemcanbe19byconcentratingonthetransferableskillsthatemployers20,suchascriticalthinkingandanalysis,andtestingsubjectknowledgeonlyinfieldslikeeconomicsandengineering,withabigcommoncore.

1.[A]task

[B]acquisition

[C]endeavor

[D]equation

2.[A]qualification

[B]requirement

[C]comparison

[D]illustration

3.[A]Otherthan

[B]Morethan

[C]Betterthan

[D]Ratherthan

4.[A]reputation

[B]quality

[C]status

[D]success

5.[A]values

[B]assesses

[C]instructs

[D]reforms

6.[A]unconsciously

[B]accidentally

[C]randomly

[D]previously

7.[A]sample

[B]check

[C]select

[D]test

8.[A]Since

[B]While

[C]Although

[D]Once

9.[A]performs

[B]retains

[C]stands

[D]locates

10.[A]awaits

[B]obtains

[C]submits

[D]embraces

11.[A]rankings

[B]curricula

[C]actions

[D]meetings

12.[A]conductors

[B]accelerators

[C]indicators

[D]coordinators

13.[A]studying

[B]arranging

[C]emphasizing

[D]choosing

14.[A]benign

[B]conscientious

[C]eloquent

[D]ambitious

15.[A]edge

[B]pledge

[C]recognition

[D]change

16.[A]flexible

[B]formidable

[C]defensible

[D]amiable

17.[A]shares

[B]varies

[C]originates

[D]separates

18.[A]still

[B]hence

[C]indeed

[D]even

19.[A]overcome

[B]highlighted

[C]worsened

[D]ignored

20.[A]cultivate

[B]offer

[C]value

[D]possess

7

Practice7

AsformercolonistsofGreatBritain,theFoundingFathersoftheUnitedStatesadoptedmuchofthelegalsystemofGreatBritain.Wehavea“commonlaw,”orlawmadebycourts1amonarchorothercentralgovernmental2likealegislature.Thejury,a3ofordinarycitizenschosentodecideacase,is

an4partofourcommon-lawsystem.

Useofjuriestodecidecasesisa5featureoftheAmericanlegalsystem.FewothercountriesintheworldusejuriesaswedointheUnitedStates.6thecenturies,manypeoplehavebelievedthatjuriesinmostcasesreachafairerandmorejustresult.7wouldbeobtainedusingajudge.8,asmanycountriesdo.9ajurydecidescasesafter“10ordiscussionsamongagroupofpeople,thejury'sdecisionislikelytohavethe11frommanydifferentpeoplefromdifferentbackgrounds,who

mustasagroupdecidewhatisright.

Juriesareusedinbothcivilcases,whichdecide12among13citizens,andcriminalcases,whichdecidecasesbroughtbythegovernment14thatindividualshavecommittedcrimes.JuriesareselectedfromtheU.S.citizensand15.Jurors,consistingof16numbers,arecalledforeach

caserequiringajury.

Thejudge17tothecaseoverseesthe18ofjurorstoserveasthejuryforthatcase.Insome

states,19jurorsarequestionedbythejudge;inothers,theyarequestionedbythelawyersrepresenting

thepartiesunderrules

20bystatelaw.

1.[A]otherthan

[B]ratherthan

[C]morethan

[D]orrather

2.[A]agency

[B]organization

[C]institution

[D]authority

3.[A]panel

[B]crowd

[C]bundle

[D]flood

4.[A]innate

[B]intact

[C]integral

[D]integrated

5.[A]discerning

[B]distinguishing

[C]determining

[D]diminishing

6.[A]in

[B]by

[C]after

[D]over

7.[A]that

[B]which

[C]than

[D]as

8.[A]alike

[B]alone

[C]altogether

[D]apart

9.[A]Although

[B]Because

[C]If

[D]While

10.[A]deliberations

[B]meditations

[C]reflections

[D]speculations

11.[A]outline

[B]outcome

[C]input

[D]intake

12.[A]arguments

[B]controversies

[C]disputes

[D]hostilities

13.[A]fellow

[B]individual

[C]personal

[D]private

14.[A]asserting

[B]alleging

[C]maintaining

[D]testifying

15.[A]assembled

[B]evoked

[C]rallied

[D]summoned

16.[A]set

[B]exact

[C]equivalent

[D]particular

17.[A]allocated

[B]applied

[C]admitted

[D]assigned

18.[A]preparation

[B]obligation

[C]selection

[D]execution

19.[A]inspective

[B]irrespective

[C]perspective

[D]prospective

20.[A]maintained

[B]dictated

[C]explained

[D]adopted

8

Practice8

Advancesingenetictechnologiesallowscientiststotakeanunprecedentedglimpseintothegeneticmakeupofeveryperson.Theinformationfromthistestingcanservemanyvaluable.1:Itcansavelives,assistcouplestryingtodecidewhetherornottohavechildren,andhelplaw-enforcementofficialssolveacrime.2breakthroughsingenetictestingalso3sometroublingsocialconcernsaboutprivacyanddiscrimination.4,ifanindividual'sgeneticinformationbecomeswidely5,itcouldgivehealthinsurerscausetodenycoveragetopeoplewithcertainriskfactorsorencourageemployerstoreject

certainhigh-riskjobapplicants.Furthermore,manygenetically6problemsaremorecommonamongcertainracialandethnicgroups.Manyminoritygroupsfearthatthe7ofgenetictestingcouldcreate

wholenew8ofdiscrimination.

Ofparticularconcernaregeneticteststhat9lightontraitssuchaspersonality,intelligence,andmentalhealthorpotentialabilities.Geneticteststhat10apersonisunlikelytogetalongwithotherpeoplecouldbeusedtolimitaperson'sprofessionaladvancement.Inothercases,teststhat11a

geneticriskofheartfailurecoulddiscourageaperson12competinginsports.

Newtechnologiesthat13themanipulationofgeneshaveraisedevenmoredisturbingpossibilities.Genetherapyadvances,whichallowsci