高考英语一轮总复习高效备考新模式第二部分狠抓基础语法7.介词课件新人教版

介词介词概念：介词是一种虚词，不能单独使用，必须用在名词、代词、动名词，或what等引导的宾语从句前面，并与之一起构成介词短语，在句中作定语、状语、补语和表语。知识网络介词分类按结构分简单介词：as,by,for,in,on,at,of,with,like,during,until,before合成介词：into,onto,inside,outside,within,without重叠介词：frombehind,fromamong,untilafter分词介词：concerning,regarding,respecting(关于，至于)，considering(考虑到)，including按结构分至于，关于

asfor,asto;多达

upto因为owingto,thanksto,dueto;becauseof根据

accordingto;

接近

nextto;

离开awayfrom除……之外

apartfrom,asidefrom在……之前

aheadof,

不管regardlessof

而不，不是

insteadof,ratherthan与……一起

alongwith,togetherwith短语介词介词分类表时间at,in,on,for,during,after,before,until,till,since,from,to表地方：at,in,on,for,to,towards,along,above,below,over,under,beside表进行：beatwork,beonfire,beunderconstruction表原因：for,at,astheresultof按意义分介词分类大约about,round,around;超过

overearnhislivingbywriting,paybycheque,gobybuscutitwithaknife,translatewithadictionaryachievesuccessthroughhardwork,learnthroughexperiencespeakinEnglish,writeinink,sayitinafewwords表方法表数量表程度increaseby10%,reducesthhalfbyhalf,beoverchargedby£3按意义分介词分类动词+介词：dreamof/about,searchfor,leavefor,focuson动词+副词+介词：gobackto,datebackto,getalongwithbe+分词/形容词+介词：bedevotedto,bebasedon,beawareof介词+the+名词+介词：inthemiddleof,withthehelp/developmentof名词+介词：adegreein,timefor,connectionwith/to,reasonfor介词考点考法词组或习惯搭配中的介词常见介词的一般用法

Thistrend,____amethodof…;eat____theirhands.aswith介词考点考法词组或习惯搭配中的介词介词+名词：atthesametime,asaresult,inahurry,forawhile短语介词：

nextto,outof,farfrom动词+名词+介词：takepartin,takeadvantageof,makeuseof动词+冠词+名词+介词：payavisitto,getthehangof,haveaneffecton动词+……+介词：treatsbas,praisesbfor,prevent…from,remindsbof其他：more/less…than,from…to,toandfrom语法填空

在空白处填入1个适当的单词。in/during真题回顾表示“在某个朝代(期间)”用介词in或during。of因varioustypesof为固定词组，意为“各种类型的……”。from因from…to…为固定搭配，意为“从……到……”。4.(2020全国Ⅱ卷)

Bambooplantsareassociated______health,abundanceandahappyhome.5.(2020全国Ⅲ卷)

Theartistwasfinallyhumbled(谦卑)bythegreatestartist_____earth,MotherNature.with因beassociatedwith…(与……联系在一起)为固定搭配。on因onearth(在世界上)为固定搭配。forof/for因methodsof/fordoingsth为固定搭配，意为“……的方法”，故填of/for。8.(2019全国Ⅲ卷)Wewerefirstgreetedwiththebarkingbyapack_____dogs,seventobeexact.9.(2018全国Ⅲ卷)Iwassearching_____thesethreewesternlowlandgorillasI’dbeenobserving.of因apackof为固定搭配，意为“一群”，故填of。for因searchfor为固定搭配，意为“搜寻”。as表示“作为”一种方法。from因toandfrom是固定搭配，表示“往返；来回”，toandfromwork意为“上下班”。12.(2017全国Ⅲ卷)Afterschoolsheplanstotakeayearofftomodelfull-timebeforegoingtouniversitytogetadegree____engineeringorarchitecture.in表示“某方面的学位”用介词in。又如：take/getadegreeinlaw获得法律学位。13.(2016全国Ⅰ卷)Butmyconnectionwithpandasgoesback_____mydaysonaTVshowinthemid-1980s…14.(2016全国Ⅲ卷)

InIndia,forexample,mostpeopletraditionallyeat______theirhands.to因gobackto(追溯到)为固定搭配。with表示“用”应用介词with。考点：从最近几年的高考来看，介词是每年必考的，且主要考查了以下几个方面：1.常用介词的基本用法。如：with用；at在……；as作为；by乘坐；in在……里；during在……期间；for+时间段searchfor搜寻(2018·Ⅲ卷)动词+介词。如：2.固定搭配中的介词。动词+副词+介词。如：gobackto回到(2016·Ⅰ卷)be+形容词/分词+介词。如：beassociatedwith与……联系在一起(2020·Ⅱ卷)

介词+the+名词+介词。如：inthemiddleof在……中间(2017·Ⅰ卷)atthesametime同时(2015·Ⅱ卷)nextto在……的旁边(2014·Ⅱ卷)名词+介词。如：methodof/for...……的方法(2019·Ⅰ卷)getadegreein…获得某学科学位(2017·Ⅲ卷)短语介词。如：解法：介词后必须接宾语，作宾语的是名词、代词或动名词等。因此，在语法填空中，如果空格后是一个名词或代词，而该名词或代词在句中不作动词的宾语，又不是句子的主语时，空格处必定是填介词。语法填空

在空白处填入1个适当的单词。1.Ourfindingssuggestthatallindividualsregardlessofpersonalitytraitscouldbenefit_____beingrealonsocialmedia.from模拟操练因benefitfromsth为固定搭配，意为“从某物中受益”。固定搭配2.Thenshehaddonatedthemoney____theschooltopayoffthelunchdebtsof123students.3.ThisancientEnglishsiteisacollection____largestonesarrangedintwocircles,oneinsidetheother.to因donatesthtosb为固定搭配，意为“向某人捐赠某物”。 of因acollectionof为固定搭配，意为“一批/群……”。into因takesthintoaccount为固定短语，意为“考虑到某事”。to因thanksto为固定短语，表示“幸亏；由于”。6.Yangzhouisfull____canalsandrivers,andinhistorymanyofChina’sliterarygreatsdrewinspirationfromtheflowingwater.7.Lanternswereoftendecorated_____Chinesecalligraphy,paintingandpapercutting.of因befullof为固定搭配，意为“充满”。with因bedecoratedwith为固定搭配，意为“用……装饰”。to因drawattentionto为固定搭配，意为“引起对……的注意”。In因inreturn为固定搭配，意为“作为回报”，位于句首首字母应大写。as因beknownas为固定搭配，意为“作为……而出名”，故填as。From因from…to…为固定搭配，意为“从……到……”。to因behometo(是……的所在地)为固定搭配。13.Whataboutprovidingstudents______opportunitiestoteacheachother?14.AtagymnasiumindowntownBeijing,agroupofyoungenthusiastsaretrainingandpracticingthetraditionalmartialartofshuaijiao,whichisnative_____China.with因providesbwithsth为固定搭配，意为“提供某物给某人”。to因benativeto为固定搭配，意为“源于……的”。15.…DujiangyanstillletswaterflowthroughtheMinjiangRivernaturally,enablingecosystem(生态系统)andfishpopulationstoexist____harmony.16.Zhuangzi,aphilosopher,dreamsofbeingabutterflyandcouldn’tdistinguishdream______reality…in因inharmony是固定搭配，意为“和谐”。from因distinguishAfromB是固定短语，意为“区分A和B”。as因thesameas是固定搭配，意为“与……一样”。into/to因turn…into/to…是固定搭配，意为“把……变成……”。19.Itmightseemextreme,butCoatesisjustoneofmanybudding(萌芽的)plantenthusiasts(爱好者)devotinghoursadayandthousandsofdollars____cultivating(培养)plantcollectionsintheirhomes.20.Butforyears,scientistsdidn’tpaymuchattention_____Scelidosaurus.to因devote…todoingsth是固定搭配，意为“投入/致力于做某事”。to因payattentionto是固定搭配，意为“注意……”。21.Students,teachers,andresearchersuseit____aninvestigativetool.

22.Thesuccessofthebookmadehimwell-knownandcontributed_____thehonorhereceivedin1954—theNobelPrizeinLiterature.as因usesthassth(用某物作为某物)是固定短语，用介词as。to因contributeto(促成；导致)是固定词组。近义表达还有cause,resultin,leadto,bringabout,giveriseto等。23.Alotofresearchfocuses_____poormentalhealth,orsingleaspectofwell-beinglikelifesatisfaction.24.Butparticipating_____toomanyextracurricularactivitiesdoesdeprive(使丧失)thechildrenoftheirplaytime.on因focuson(集中于)是固定搭配。近义搭配还有concentrateon,fastenon,fixon,bebenton等。in因participatein(=takepartin参加)为固定搭配。25.Thestudentsspentfivedaysattheirschoollearning____experiencedworkersfromtheMasonryInstituteofIowa…26.Oraclebones(甲骨文)serve____importantmaterialsforstudyingthelong-standingandbrilliantChinesecivilization.from因learnfrom(向……学习)为固定搭配。as因serveas(充当；用作)为固定搭配。27.Wecongratulated_____herhealthandthefamilyofthewomanisnowdoingwell.Wearesohappy.28.Jogginghelpstoreducestubbornfat.Arunningprogramcanreallyhelptocutback__________thelastofyourstubbornfat.on因congratulateonsth(为某事祝贺)为固定搭配。on/upon因cutbackon/upon(削减)为固定短语。withon/upon因haveaninfluenceon/upon为固定搭配，意为“对……有影响”。with因haveaconversationwithsb为固定搭配，表示“与某人交谈”。in因fallinlovewith(爱上)是固定搭配。33.Litteriseverywhere,doinggreatharm_____theenvironmentandlifeonourplanet…34.Thankfully,effectivemeasureshavebeentakenbyChinaandIndiatoprohibittheTibetanantelopes_____beinghunted.to因doharmto为固定搭配，意为“对……有害”。from因prohibitsbfromdoingsth(禁止某人做某事)是固定搭配。35.InMaySt.Wilfrid’sPrimarySchoolbannedstudents______usingdesignerpencilsincasepoorstudentswouldfeellookeddownupon.36.Let’sgooutintheyardandfillthebottle______watertoseeifyoucandiscoverawaytocarryit.from因bansbfromdoingsth(禁止某人做某事)为固定搭配。类似的还有stopsbfromdoingsth,keepsbfromdoingsth,preventsbfromdoingsth等。with因fill…with…(用……装满……)是固定搭配。with因providesbwithsth(给某人提供某物)是固定搭配，故填with。38.ArtistsfromsouthwesternChina’sChongqingpresentedtheWellingtonaudience_____SichuanOperaPerformance.39.Theydoeverythingtogether:study,read,watchTV,surftheInternet,playsportsandlistentomusic.Anyonewhohasaproblemcanasktheother_____help.with由presentsbwithsth(赠予某人某物)是固定搭配。for因asksbforhelp(向某人求助)是固定搭配。with/andon因spend…onsth是固定搭配。42.Whenalongreadingassignmentisgiven,instructorsexpectstudentstobefamiliar______informationinthereadingeveniftheydonotdiscussitinclass.43.Globalgreenleafareahasincreasedbyfivepercentsincetheearly2000s,anareaequal___alloftheAmazonrainforest.with因befamiliarwith(对……熟悉)为固定搭配，比较：befamiliartosb为某人所熟悉。to因beequalto(等于；胜任)为固定搭配。44.Ifso,it’sveryimpolite____thehostandseniorswhoarepresentatthetable.45.AccordingtoSCMP,

theso-called

“fournewgreatinventions”werebased__________lastyear’sresearchconductedbytheSilkRoadResearchInstitute.to因beimpolitetosb(对某人无礼)是固定搭配。on/upon因bebasedon/upon(建立在……的基础上)是固定搭配。46.Earthenhousesaremade____earth,stone,bambooandwood,allreadilyavailablematerials…of因bemadeof(由……制成)为固定搭配，成品中能看出原材料，若成品中看不出原材料，就用bemadefrom。助记：因of两个字母，from四个字母，即from较of复杂，在制造过程中变化也较复杂，所以用from时，成品中看不出原料。47.SamaranchFoundationwasfoundedin2012.Itisnamed_____formerInternationalOlympicCommitteePresidentJuanAntonioSamaranch.48.Hewasgood_____makinglittlethings.after因benamedafter(以……命名)是固定搭配。at因begoodat(擅长)是固定搭配。49.Chinatodayisacountryrich____ancientknowledgeandcustom,yetonethatisalsoburstingwithcreativity.50.Thegiantpandaislisted____endangeredintheWorldConservationUnion’s(IUCN’s)RedListofThreatenedAnimals.in因berichin(富含……)是固定搭配。as因belistedas…(被列为……)是固定搭配。51.Andthepopularcartooncharacter,

withitsroundbellyandbigears,haslongbeenregarded____asymbolforabundance,

wealthandgoodluckinChineseculture.as因beregardedas(被视为)为固定搭配。表示“将……看作……”的表达还有see…as…,view…as…,thinkof…as…,take…as…等。of因thinkof…as(认为……是)是固定搭配。as因berememberedas(作为……而被怀念/铭记)是固定搭配。54.The“newfourgreatinventions”areallrelated______China’shigh-techinnovation(创新),whichimprovedthequalityofpeople’slives.55.Beijing’sForbiddenCityisaplacefull_____wonders.to因berelatedto(与……有关)是固定搭配。of因(be)fullof(充满)是固定搭配。56.ThevillagersthenunderstoodthatNianwasafraid____thecolourred.57.Allofusstudentsweredressed_____schooluniformwithredribbonsonourwrists,showingtheenergyofyouth.of因beafraidof(害怕)是固定搭配。in因bedressedin(=bewearing穿着)是固定搭配。58.Inbothactingandtechnicalterms,thefilmissimilar____aHollywoodblockbuster(大片),includinggunfights,carchasesandanunderwaterfight.59.TheChinesenationismadeup____56nationalities.to因besimilarto(与……相似)是固定搭配。of因bemadeupof(由……组成)是固定搭配。60.AndwiththevastterritoryofChina,winterofeveryareadoesn’tbegin_____thesametime.61.Forgettingmakesussmartbyworkingwithmemorizing___thefollowingways,theresearcherssay.First,…at因atthesametime(在同一时间)是固定词组。in因inthefollowingways(通过以下方式/在以下几个方面)是固定搭配。62.…andthepainterfoldedthepaintingwithgreatcare____thepresenceofmanyviewers.63.___theentranceoftherestaurantstandtwobigLei-likestatues…in因inthepresenceof(当着某人；在某人在场时)是固定词组。At因attheentranceof(在……的入口处)是固定词组。64.EverytimeIgointoCao’soffice,it’s____ahugemess…65.Butyou’renotinChina—you’reinManchesterinBritain.____fact,youmightseesimilarthingsinmanyothercities.Chineseproductshavebeengoingglobal.in因inamess(凌乱；一团糟)为固定词组。In因infact(事实上；实际上)为固定词组。66.Despitehavingnoplansofgettingmarriedanytimesoon,

Fudecidedtoweartheweddingdressforhergrandfather.

ThemanfellseriouslyilllastSeptember,withdoctorswarningthathecouldpassaway____anytime.at因atanytime(随时；任何时候)为固定词组。67.However,humanactivitieshaveputthisecosystem____riskinrecentyears.68.Chinahasafour-tiercolour-codedweatherwarningsystem,withredrepresentingthemostsevere,followed____orange,yellowandblue.at因put…atrisk(使……处于危险之中)是固定搭配。by因followedby(接着是)是固定搭配。69.Whenyoucangetthesegiantdatacollections,…andit’llbeagreatadvantageforChina.Apart_______that,Chinahasthemostnetizensandthenumberisgrowingfast…70.Hewassittingatatableclose_____usandwetalkedexcitedlywithhimaboutthebeautysurroundingus.from因apartfrom为固定短语，意为“除了……”。to因closeto(靠近)是固定搭配。71.AteamledbyresearchersfromtheUniversityofExeteranalyzedUKBiobankdata(基因数据库)frommore______48,000peoplewithdepression(抑郁)…72.Itisalsoaculturalbridge_________XishuangbannaandSoutheastAsiancountriesthatsharethesamefestival.than因morethan(超过；多于)为固定搭配，与此相对的是lessthan(少于)。between因between…and…(在……与……之间)是固定搭配。73._____Chen’ssurprise,theoldgamehasattractedahugecrowd…74.Thereisanotherkind______people.To因toone’s+名词(令人……的是)是固定搭配。of因akindof(一种)是固定搭配。75.Inancienttimes,asabelief,

thedragongavestrongsupport

to

the

ruling

ofabignation,

andtopeople’sfragilespiritsandhardlifebecausepeoplesufferedfromextremenaturaldisastersandlack______thesupport

fromscience.of如果lack是动词，应与suffered并列，用一般过去时，但此处是原形，说明lack是名词，作

from

的宾语，而lack作名词时，常接of，即lackof(缺乏)。76.MysuggestionisthatanotebookshouldbekeptandaChinese-Englishdictionarybe_______ourreach.77.GeoffEdwardssaidheleftschoolatayoungagewithtwoqualificationsandfewambitions,thenendeduphomelessinthecityofCambridgeafterworking___afieldlaborerdriedup.within意思是“一本英汉词典要放在能拿得到的地方”，而withinone’sreach(某人伸手能拿到的地方)是固定词组。as由固定搭配workas(从事某工作)可知。as意为“作为”，后面接职业名称。78.Thedrama,whichisbasedonthenovelofthesamename,showsadeepreflectiononthefight__________corruption(腐败).against表示“反对”用against。fightagainst意为“与……做斗争；争取克服”。79.Userscanrentabike____alowcost.80.Around200AD,theChinesefirstcameupwithpaper,oneofthegreatestinventionsintheworld.Itismade____

wood.at表示“以……的价格或代价”用ata…cost。表示“以，按(速度、比率、价格等)”用介词at。又如：driveat70mph以时速70英里驾驶；buyitathalf-price以半价买下它。from因纸中一般是看不出木头的，故用from。81.Industrialdesignistheprofessionofdesigningproducts____millionsofpeopletomaketheirlifemucheasier.82.…sotheyfiguredoutawaytocookcheapmeatsandoffal(内脏)______boilingtheminapotofextremelyspicysoup.for因millionsofpeople为designingproducts的目的对象，意为“为了”，故填for。by表示“通过；借助”应用介词by。一般用法83.Chinesecouplets(对联)arewidelykeptboth___moderncitiesandruralareasofChina.84.Whenwethinkofsomecountries,_____theNetherlands,weimaginehundredsofpeoplecyclingeverywhere.in表示“在中国的现代城市和农村地区”应用介词in。like空前的somecountries可知，此处表示举例，意为“例如”荷兰。85.Thisleadstobetterresults_____students.86.AncientarchitectureinChinastandsout_____itsfinewoodenstructure,theelegantoutsideandbeautifuldecoration.for表示“对……而言”用介词for。for表示“因为；由于”用介词for。with表示“具有；带有”用介词with。in表示“在……方面”通常用介词in。89.A63-year-oldChinesegrandpa’straditionalcarpentry(木工)skillsaredelightingtensofmillionsofviewersonlineashecreateswoodwork_________glue,screws(螺丝钉)ornails.90.TheChinesehavebeeneatinganddevelopingvariouskindsofnoodles_____thousandsofyears.without联系上文及空格后的or可知，这里表示“不用胶水、螺丝钉和钉子就能做出木工活”，故填介词without。for因句中用了现在完成时havebeeneatinganddeveloping，表示一段时间用“for+时间段”。91.Forexample,hehasdeerthathelphimdeliverpresents____ChristmasEve.92.Thestoryis_______theWestBottomBadgers,ayouthbasketballteam.on在具体的某天或某天的上/下午或晚上前都用on，此处表示在平安夜。about介词about意为“关于”，后面涉及故事的内容。93.Afastgrowingeconomyandstrongsupport______Chineserulershelpedthedevelopmentoftechnologyandtheexpansionofknowledge.94.Healsorefusestousechemicals,smokeorprotectiveclothingwhenheworkswithbees.Hetouchesthem_____

hisbarehands.from此处表示“来自”，故填from。with表示“用”手触碰，用介词with。95.It’snicetobeabletolieinbedinthemorning,spendmoretime_____yourfamilyandrelatives，andhavemoretimetothink.96.Ifyoualwayshatecertainvegetables,youmaybemorethanapickyeater.Instead,youmightbea“super-taster”,aperson_____bittergenes(苦味基因).with因“和某人在一起”度过更多时间，表示“和……一起”用with。注意：千万别以为是spend…on结构，而误填on。with作者应是表达“有苦味基因的人”，故填with(具有；带有)