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FuturetensesFuturetenses
ThereareseveraldifferentwaysinEnglishthatyoucantalkaboutthefuture.Thisisanintroductiontothemostimportantones:-
Predictions/statementsoffact
-
Intentions
-
Arrangements
-
ScheduledeventsThesun
will
riseat6.30tomorrow.Lunchbreaktoday
will
be10minuteslongerthanusual.Intheyear2050allstudents
will
havetheirowncomputersinschool.Ifyouhelpme,I
will
helpyou.Doyouthinkshe
will
comesoon?You
won't
passyourexamsifyoudon'tstartworkingharder.Iknowmyparents
won't
letmegototheparty.Will
itsnowforChristmas?Iknowshe'ssick,but
will
shebebackinschooltomorrow?Theauxiliary[ɔːɡˈzɪliəri]
verb
willintheabovesentencesisusedin________aboutthefuture.makingpredictionsorsimplestatementsoffactmakingintentionsmakingarrangementsscheduledeventsAWe're
goingto
buyanewcarnextmonth.I'm
goingto
workinabankwhenIleaveschool.InthenewyearI'm
goingto
stopeatingsomuchjunk.He'snot
goingto
gotothedance.He'sgottoomuchwork.I'mnot
goingto
watchTVuntilmyscienceprojectisfinished.Areyou
goingto
playbasketballafterschool?Whatareyou
goingto
haveforlunchtoday?Theauxiliaryverb
goingtointheabovesentences
isusedintalkingabout_______.predictionsorsimplestatementsoffactintentionsarrangementsscheduledeventsB(Anintentionisaplanforthefuturethatyouhavealreadythoughtabout.)Note:
goingto
isoftenusedinthepasttensetotalkaboutanunfulfilledintention.Examples:
Iwasgoingtostudyformygrammartest,butIhadnotime.Hewasgoingtocallyou,buthecouldn'tfindhismobilephone.Mygrandmotherwasgoingtovisitus,butshefellandbrokeherarm.The
presentcontinuous
tenseI'mmeeting
mymotherattheairporttomorrow.Ourgrandparents
arevisiting
usthisChristmas.Sorry,Ican'tstayafterschooltoday;I'mplaying
tenniswithJun-Sik.Mysister'sgoing
tothedentisttomorrow.I'mnotreturning
homefortheholidays,soIcancometoyourpartyafterall!Are
you
doing
anythingonSundaymorning?Doyouknowifhe
isgoing
tothedancewithMaikonextweek?(Anarrangementisaplanforthefuturethatyouhavealreadythoughtabout
anddiscussedwithsomeoneelse.)(Anintentionisaplanforthefuturethatyouhavealreadythoughtabout.)The
presentcontinuous
tenseisusedintalkingabout________.predictionsorsimplestatementsoffactintentionsarrangementsscheduledeventsCThe
presentsimple
tenseHurryup!Thetrain
departs
in10minutes.I
leave
Frankfurtat5o'clockinthemorningand
arrive
inNewYorkatmidnightthenextday.She
has
anappointmentwiththeheadmasterafterschooltoday.There'snoneedtohurry.Thetrain
doesn'tleave
foranother30minutes.When
does
themeeting
begin?The
presentsimple
tenseisusuallyusedtorefertofutureeventsthatarescheduled(andoutsideofourcontrol).A.-Let’sgoswimmingafterschool.
-Sorry,
I’mplaying
basketballwithSallyandMiko.B.-Let’sgoswimmingafterschool.-Sorry,
I’llplay
basketballwithSallyandMiko.
Lookatthepairsofsentencesbelow.Choosethesentencecontainingthecorrectfuturetenseform(will/presentcontinuous)forthegivensituation.
AA.Doyouthink
it’ssnowing
tomorrow?B.Doyouthink
itwillsnow
tomorrow?BA.Ifhedoesn’tdrivemorecarefully,
he’shaving
anaccident.B.Ifhedoesn’tdrivemorecarefully,
he’llhave
anaccident.
BA.-Whatistheanswertoquestion3?AskMiko.
She’sknowing.B.-Whatistheanswertoquestion3?-AskMiko.
She’llknow.
A.Ithink
I’mbuying
anewcomputer.Thisoneistooslow.B.Ithink
I’llbuy
anewcomputer.Thisoneistooslow.BBA.Iamnotworking
tomorrow.Wecangoshoppingifyoulike.B.Iwillnotwork
tomorrow.Wecangoshoppingifyoulike.A.I’mhaving
myhaircuttomorrowsoIwon’tbeabletogohomewithyou.B.I’llhave
myhaircuttomorrowsoIwon’tbeabletogohomewithyou.AAA.Haveyougotanyplansforthevacation?-Yes,
we’reflying
backtoJapantovisitmygrandmother.B.Haveyougotanyplansforthevacation?-Yes,
we’llfly
backtoJapantovisitmygrandmother.
AA.I’mhelping
Mikoafterschooltoday.She’shavingproblemsinmathematicsatthemoment.B.I’llhelp
Mikoafterschooltoday.She’shavingproblemsinmathematicsatthemoment.A.I
amselling
myoldcar.Myneighbourwantsitforherdaughter.B.Iwillsell
myoldcar.Myneighbourwantsitforherdaughter.AAA.Mysister
isgettingmarried
nextmonth.Wehaveinvitedhundredsofguests.B.Mysister
willgetmarried
nextmonth.Wehaveinvitedhundredsofguests.
AA.-Howareyougettinghometoday?-Ithink
I’mwalking
forachange.B.-Howareyougettinghometoday?-Ithink
I’llwalk
forachange.BMiko
isgiving
apartynextweek.-Hassheinvitedyou?B.Miko
willgive
apartynextweek.-Hassheinvitedyou?
AA.Areyoudoing
anythingafterschooltoday?B.Willyoudo
anythingafterschooltoday?AA.Thephoneisringing.-
I’manswering
it.B.Thephoneisringing.-
I’llanswer
it.BA.I’mdriving
Johntotheairporttomorrow.Hisowncarisbeingrepaired.B.I’lldrive
Johntotheairporttomorrow.Hisowncarisbeingrepaired.
AA.We’rebeing
thereat7.30.Don’tforgettobringthetickets.B.We’llbe
thereat7.30.Don’tforgettobringthetickets.BA.Ithink
I’mbuying
fishfordinnertonight.Ihaven’thaditforages.B.Ithink
I’llbuy
fishfordinnertonight.Ihaven’thaditforages.
BA.Canyouhelpmeinthegardentomorrow?-Sure!
I’mnotdoing
anything.B.Canyouhelpmeinthegardentomorrow?-Sure!
Iwon’tdo
anything.AA.Doyouthink
he’scoming
soon?B.Doyouthink
he’llcome
soon?Bstructure(结构)function(功能)willdopredictions/statementsoffactam/is/aregoingtodointentionsam/is/aredoingarrangementsdo/doesscheduledeventsMoretensesBelowisalistofsomeofthelesscommontenses,followedineachcasebyexamples.NotethatthecontinuoustensesconveytheideaofaneventorstategoingonforaperiodoftimeFuturecontinuousAtthistimenextweekI
willbesitting
intheplaneonthewaytoNewYor
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