2023-2024学年山东省潍坊市安丘市、高密市、诸城市高三（上）月考英语试卷（10月份）

2023-2024学年山东省潍坊市安丘市、高密市、诸城市高三（上）月考英语试卷（10月份）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）1．（1.5分）Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo？A.Climbamountain.B.Buyapairofboots.C.Travelwithherhusband.2．（1.5分）Whyhasthemanreturned？A.He'slost.B.Helikestheview.C.He'sforgottensomething.3．（1.5分）Whathappenedtothewomanprobably？A.Shewentforarun.B.Shemissedthetrain.C.Shecameacrossanoldfriend.4．（1.5分）Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers？A.Familymembers.B.Dentistandpatient.C.Waiterandcustomer.5．（1.5分）Whycan'tthemangototheparty？A.Heisill.B.Hehasworktodo.C.Hedoesn'tlikeparties.第二节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）6．（3分）（1）Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo？A.Buyatin.B.Openabottle.C.Eatsomemeat.（2）Howdoesthewomanfeel？A.Hot.B.Angry.C.Thirsty.7．（4.5分）（1）Wheredidthespeakersmeetlasttime？A.Intheoffice.B.Atuniversity.C.Athighschool.（2）What'sPauldoingnow？A.He'sworkinginafactory.B.He'sstudyinginacollege.C.He'steachinginahighschool.（3）WhathasremainedthesamewithTony？A.Hisbike.B.Hishair.C.Hisheight.8．（4.5分）（1）Wherearethespeakers？A.Inacastle.B.Inamuseum.C.Inagallery.（2）Howoldwasthewomanwhenshegotmarried？A.12.B.20.C.24.（3）Whatwillthespeakersdonext？A.Havesomecoffee.B.Getanicecream.C.Buyahotdog.9．（6分）（1）Whatisthewoman'smainconcern？A.Payingafairprice.B.Havingacomfortableroom.C.Gettingrespectfromtheman.（2）Whyisthewomantraveling？A.Forbusiness.B.Foravacation.C.Forattendingarelative.（3）Whatmadethewomanangrythemost？A.Theman'sattitude.B.Thenoiseinthehotel.C.Thesmellywaterintheroom.（4）Howwillthemanhelpthewoman？A.Fixingawindow.B.Changingaroom.C.Upgradingherroomforfree.10．（4.5分）（1）Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout？A.Secretstosuccess.B.Tipsforbeinghappy.C.Suggestionsaboutjobs.（2）Whichpersonmightexpecttoreceivemore？A.Agiver.B.Areceiver.C.Asupporter.（3）Whichkindofworkdoesthespeakerrecommend？A.Enjoyablework.B.Cooperativework.C.High﹣paidwork.阅读（共两节，满分50.0分）11．（7.5分）Millionsoftravelersdailyhavetheopportunitytogetrefreshedinthefollowingairportterminals（航站楼）.SingaporeChangiAirport（SIN）Commonlyreferredtoasadestinationinitself，it'snosurprisethat65millionpeoplepassthroughSingaporeChangiAirportannually.Atnight，the130﹣foot﹣tallRainVortex，theworld'slargestindoorwaterfall，comesalivewithaneye﹣catchinglightshowthatlastsaroundfiveminutes.Withone﹣of﹣a﹣kindattractions，itsveryownhotelsandmorethan280placestoshopanddine，itispopularamongpassengersflyingthroughSingapore.MarrakechMenaraAirport（RAK）Itservesover5millionpassengerseachyear，asignofthecity'sincreasingpopularityandaccessibilitytoAfrica.Thevisuallystrikingandsolar﹣poweredTerminal1atMarrakech'sairportmergesMoroccanstylewitha21st﹣centuryconstructiontechnology.DenverInternationalAirport（DEN）Itservesmorethan64.5millionpassengerseachyear.Builtin1995，itsfiberglassroofisshapedtoresembletheRockyMountains.Avarietyofsculpturesandpaintingssupportapermanentartcollectionspreadthroughouteveryterminal.AlongthewalkwaybetweentheJeppesenTerminalandConcourseA，apieceofsoftmusicplaysaspassengersmaketheirwaytocatchaflight.IstanbulAirport（IST）Itisrecognizedasthelargestairportintheworldandisanticipatingevenmoregrowthinthenext10yearstofulfillthegoalofhandlingajaw﹣dropping200millionpassengersannually.Theterminal'stransithallfollowstheshapeoftheBosporus，andtheair﹣traffic﹣controltowerisdesignedintheshapeofatulip，Turkey'snationalsymbol.（1）WhatcanyoudoatSingaporeChangiAirport（SIN）？A．Havefreefood.B．Enjoynaturalscenery.C．Entertainyourself.D．Dobusinesswithothers.（2）WhatisthehighlightofDenverInternationalAirport（DEN）？A．Itslonghistory.B．Itssuperblocation.C．Itsconvenientfacilities.D．Itsculturalatmosphere.（3）Whichairporthandlesthemostpassengerseachyear？A．SingaporeChangiAirport（SIN）.B．MarrakechMenaraAirport（RAK）.C．DenverInternationalAirport（DEN）.D．IstanbulAirport（IST）.12．（10分）Manyconveniencesaretakenforgrantedtoday，somewidespread，hardtoimaginewithout.Thedishwasherisahomerevolutionappliancethatfreedatime﹣consumingtask.Itwasn'tpopularuntilthe70sbuthasbeenaroundforover100years.ThefirstdishwasherwasinventedbyJoelHoughtonin1850，madeofwood，slowandforgotten.In1865，L.A．Alexanderpatentedahand﹣crankedsystem，moreusefulbutstillnoprofitability.Itwasnotuntil1886thatthefirstcommerciallysuccessfuldishwasherwasinvented.ThisversionwasdesignedbyanAmericanwomannamedJosephineCochraneafterthedeathofherhusband，whichleftherwithnosourceofincomeandasignificantamountofdebt.Hermachineincludedwirecompartments（隔间）thatweredesignedtofitplates，cups，andsaucers，andtheseracks（置物架）werefittedinsideawheelthatwasplacedinsideacopperboiler.Ratherthanrelyonahandcrank，Cochrane'sversionusedamotortoturnthewheel.Meanwhile，hotsoapywaterwassprayedupfromtheboiler，whichsubsequentlyrandownthedishes.CochranemadethedesignherselfandthenreceivedhelpfrommechanicGeorgeButterstoproducethemodelmachine.Aftershereceivedherpatent，shefoundedGaris﹣CochraneManufacturingCompanytostartcreatinghermachines.However，herroadtosuccesswasnotasmoothone.Duetothelaborandmaterialsinvolvedwithmakingtheseearlydishwashers，theywereultimatelytoopriceyforaveragehouseholds.CochranefinallyfoundaplatformforherinventionwhenshedisplayedherdishwasherattheWorld'sColumbianExpositionin1893.There，shefoundinterestedbuyersintheformofrestaurantsandhotels.Theseestablishmentscouldaffordthecostofherproductsandwerelookingforwaystorelievetheloadoflabor.Throughoutherlateryears，Cochranecontinuedtogrowherbusiness.Shediedin1913，andseveralyearslater，in1926，hercompanywasacquiredbyKitchenAid，whichisnowpartoftheWhirlpoolCorporation.（1）Whatcausedearlydishwashersnottobeaccepted？A．Price.B．Material.C．Efficiency.D．Appearance.（2）WhatcanwelearnaboutCochrane'sdishwasher？A．Itwaspoweredbyhand.B．Itappealedtohousewives.C．Itheldthedishesinsidetheboiler.D．ItwasdesignedwiththehelpofGeorgeButters.（3）HowdidCochraneopenuphermarket？A．Bytargetingpotentialclients.B．Byimprovingherdesignofthedishwasher.C．Bycreatingaplatformtoshowthedishwasher.D．BycooperatingwiththeWorld'sColumbianExposition.（4）Whatisthetextmainlyabout？A．Thedevelopmentofthedishwasher.B．Thewomanwhoinventedthedishwasher.C．ThefactorscontributingtoCochrane'ssuccess.D．Theinventionofthefirstcommerciallysuccessfuldishwasher.13．（10分）Children'smindsoftendriftawaytoapeacefulplaceduringplaytime（orwhenevertheywant!）.However，arecentstudypublishedinthejournalEmotionfoundthatdaydreamingisactuallymoredifficultforadults；weoftenlosethisimaginativepracticeasweage.Toactuallydaydream，ourbrainshavetocreatepositivethoughts—whichcanbeachallenge.ErinWestgate，Ph.D．，aUniversityofFloridapsychologyprofessorandherteamnotedthatsincedaydreamingisassociatedwithouremotions，peoplewhodosocanbettertoleratepainandboosttheiroverallwellness.Theyroundedupagroupofvolunteerstotestthistheory.Theresearchersaskedparticipantstothinkpositive，meaningfulthoughts.Whiletheteamsupposedthatthiswouldhelpvolunteersdaydream，theparticipantsinthestudydidn'tliketheprocessandwantedaguidedexperience，instead."Itwasheavystuff.Itdidn'tseemtooccurtothemthattheycouldusethetimetoenjoytheirownthoughts，"Westgatesaid.Accordingtothestudy'sresults，volunteersthoughtaboutthingsthatactuallydidn'thavestrongtiestotheirmemoriesoremotions，likeicecream.Participantsnoteda50﹣percentboosttotheircreativethinkingwhenstudyauthorsgavethemtopicstochoosefrom，likefuturegoals，anticipatedevents，andfavoritememories.Ultimately，thinkingpositivelythroughdaydreaminghasincrediblementalbenefits."It'ssomethingthatsetsusapart.Itdefinesourhumanity.Itallowsustoimaginenewrealities，however，thatkindofthinkingrequirespractice，"notedWestgate.Toaccomplishthisonyourown，trytohaveenjoyablethoughts."Thisissomethingallofuscandoonceyouhavetheconcept.Butkeepinmindthisishardforeverybody.There'snogoodevidencethatsometypesofpeoplearesimplybetterthinkers.Theencouragingpartiswecanallgetbetter."Lastly，daydreamingattherighttimes，likeduringday﹣to﹣daytasks，brushingyourteeth，orbathing，willmaketheprocesssmoother."Thenexttimeyou'rewalking，insteadofpullingoutyourphone，tryit，"saidWestgate."Asyoubuildyourabilitytodaydream，you'llhaveasourceofenjoyablethoughtsatyourdisposalduringstressfultimes."（1）Whatdoweknowaboutdaydreaming？A．Itcanmakepeopleyounger.B．Childrenarebetteratit.C．Itkillsadults'imagination.D．Adaydreamerispainfree.（2）What'stheproblemforadultstodaydreamaccordingtothestudy？A．Theylackguidance.B．Theycan'tconcentrate.C．Theystrugglewithpositivethinking.D．Theythinkitawasteoftime.（3）Whatmightbetheresultofdaydreamingunderguidance？A．Morecreative.B．Moreemotional.C．Moreconfident.D．Moregenerous.（4）What'stheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext？A．Toshowthebenefitsofdaydreaming.B．Toerasethedoubtsaboutdaydreaming.C．Toteachpeopletoreclaimdaydreaming.D．Tocompareadultswithchildrenindaydreaming.14．（10分）Some72%ofAmericanconsumerssaythatproductpackaginginfluencestheirpurchasedecisions—astatisticnotlostonfoodproducers.Thisappliestonotjusttheappearancedesignofpackagingbutwhatthelabelssayaswell.LouisBiscotti，theNationalLeaderforFood&；Beverage（饮料）ServicesGroup，saysthatwhentheFDA（FoodandDrugAdministration）updateditsnutritionfactslabelforpackagedfoodsin2020，companiesfoundnewopportunitiestoincreasesales."TheinformationontheFDAlabelandwhatyoupackontoyourlabelandpackagingcanbeimportantfactorsinboostingsales."Headdsthat30%ofU.S.consumerssurveyedaremorelikelytobuyproductswithsustainablecertificatesandthat"cleanlabel"characteristicscan"winoverconsumers".AnewreportfromtheUSDA（UnitedStatesDepartmentofAgriculture）EconomicResearchServicetakesalookatthepopularityofthe"natural"claimonfoodpackaging—andit'seye﹣opening.Studyafterstudyonthetopicrevealsthatpeoplethinkaproductlabeledas"natural"deliversbenefitsfarbeyondwhatitdoes，withmostconsumersmistakenlyassigninghealthandenvironmentalstewardship（管理）attributestonatural﹣labeledfood.Atfirst，thismightsimplyseemfrustrating—thatfoodproducerscapitalizeonconsumersimplicitytoboostprices.Andthatconsumersaren'tgettingwhattheythinkthey'regetting.Butthemoreseriousproblemishowthisharmsfoodproducerswhoareactuallymeetingthestandardsformorestrictlabelsthatareactuallydoinggood，likeonesaroundorganicpracticesoranimalwelfare.Farmersandproducersdoingtheworkendupatacompetitivedisadvantageinthemarketplaceifconsumerstreatfoodslabelednaturalasalike."Theeconomicproblemraisedbynaturallabelsisthatconsumerscouldbepayingextraforproductattributestheyarenotreceivingwhileproducersofproductswiththoseattributeslosesales，"saysLouisBiscotti."Asaconsequence，anyhealthandenvironmentalstewardshipbenefitsthatmighthavebeenrealizedfromconsumerschoosingproductsthatmatchedtheirpreferencescouldbelost."（1）WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout？A．Thelabel'sinfluenceonmarketing.B．TheFDAstudyonnutritionfacts.C．ThemarkettheoryofLouisBiscotti.D．Thebasicdataofthefoodproducers.（2）Whatdotheunderlinedwords"capitalizeon"meaninParagraph4？A．Turnadeafearto.B．Makeuseof.C．Meettheneedsof.D．Breakawayfrom.（3）WhatistheattitudeofLouisBiscottitowardnaturallabels？A．Critical.B．Favorable.C．Tolerant.D．Unclear.（4）Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext？A．TheMarketingStrategyofPackaging.B．TheFunctionofFoodPackagingandLabels.C．TheMisleadingNatureof"Natural"LabelsonFood.D．TheConsumers'PurchasingPreferenceandGuideline.15．（12.5分）Napping（小睡）atmiddaykeepsafternoonsleepinessaway.（1）Shortlyafterlunch，silencefillsthewholeofficebuilding，fortheemployeesarenowtakinganapbreak.Anunspokenagreementissharedthateachdeservesapersonalnappingspacewithoutdisturbance.（2）LiuZongyuan，afamouspoetintheTangDynasty，onceimpressedusbyavividdescriptionofajoyfulandleisurelynaptime.NappingatnoonmightdatefromthelateEasternHanDynasty.Accordingtothestory"SanGuMaoLu"，ZhugeKongmingwasinasoundnapwhenLiuBeicamevisitinghimforthethirdtime.SomeresearchersinterprettheChinesenappinghabitinthelightofeatinghabits.Chinesepeopleinthenortheatwheatenfoodprimarilyandthoseinthesouthrelyonrice.Biologytellsusthatwheatenfoodandricecontainalotofglucose（葡萄糖）.NormallyweChinesegetonafullstomachafterlunch，sotheglucose﹣richChinesedietraisesthelevelofbloodglucose.（3）Theseexplanationsareseeminglyreasonable.（4）EvendaysofconversationtoWesterndiet，insteadofwheatenfoodorrice，cannoteasemypost﹣lunchlaziness，henceanapataquietplaceisdesperate.Noonnapoccurseverywhere：customersnappingonasofaorSimmons，park﹣goersonabenchoronthelawn，arefrequentlynoticedonnewspapersandtheInternet.（5）Thosewhonapinpublicplacesembarrasspassers﹣by，whichisnotsociallytolerable.Onthecontrary，aself﹣disciplinedpersonpreferringtonapinaprivatespaceisregardedasanapperwithdecency.A．Itleadstosleepiness.B．They，however，donotworkonme.C．Itcastsitsspellonsummerdaysparticularly.D．Noon﹣timenappingisakindofself﹣protection.E．Nappingisalsoaculturalbehaviorwithalonghistory.F．Bethatasitmay，yournappingplacesmakeadifference.G．Otherwise，onlyalie﹣ininthemorningcouldhelpmegetenoughenergyforthewholeafternoon.语言运用（共两节，满分30分）16．（15分）TheSierraNevadarangeisincomparableinscaleandmagnificence.There'snobetterwaytoseeitthantoappreciateeveryspectacularviewwithyourownhard（1）.Myhusband，Will，ourkids（Herbie，5andArtley，11）andIplannedto（2）thenorthernhalfoftheJohnMuirtrailintwoweeks，which（3）alongthebackboneoftheHighSierra，pastlakes，andthroughdustypineforests.Weset（4）beforewestarted：thiswouldbetough，butworthit.Togetourkidsmore（5），weletthemhavethemapanddecidewhentostopandrest.Inthisway，theyfeltempowered.This（6）alsoresultedinHerbienearlystandingona4﹣footsnakeonourfirstday，though.（7），itwasearlymorningandthesnakewashalfasleep.Fortwoweeks，theboysenjoyedthe（8）.Theybuiltdamsandbridgesacrossstreams，climbedandswam.Sometimes，theyrefusedtocarrytheirpacksand（9）aboutfeethurting.Butthesemomentswerefaroutweighedbyextraordinaryburstsof（10）andenthusiasm—particularlywhenwe'dbeenslogging（艰难前行）uphillforhoursandamountaintopfinallycameintoview，ourkidsevendecidedweneededto（11）.Bythetimewefinished，wehad（12）countlessmosquitoes，sufferedfootpainandhadterriblesleep.Butwewererighttobe（13）aboutourkids'abilities.Throughthe（14），theywill，Ihope，understandwhattheyaretrulycapableof，howperseveranceleadstobigger（15）lateron，andwhatitfeelsliketobeencouragedandsupportedsothattheycanachievesomethinggreat.（1）A．drivingB．ridingC．runningD．walking（2）A．assessB．coverC．surveyD．measure（3）A．fliesB．returnsC．snakesD．disappears（4）A．choicesB．chancesC．situationsD．expectations（5）A．involvedB．encouragedC．relievedD．convinced（6）A．conclusionB．strategyC．attitudeD．belief（7）A．LuckilyB．StrangelyC．CasuallyD．Cheerfully（8）A．competitionB．taskC．journeyD．cooperation（9）A．botheredB．inquiredC．complainedD．forgot（10）A．energyB．laughterC．trustD．interest（11）A．drawoffB．takeoverC．helpoutD．pushon（12）A．caughtB．borneC．observedD．smoked（13）A．confidentB．anxiousC．seriousD．disappointed（14）A．trainingB．accidentC．adventureD．experiment（15）A．challengesB．rewardsC．honorsD．responsibilities17．（15分）Ablackslate（石板），analloysteelneedleanddecadesofpracticeare（1）LiYahuaneedstocreatetheperfectHuihestoneshadowcarvingworkofart.Withherlefthand（2）（gentle）leaningagainstthemirror﹣likestonetosupporttheheavychisel（凿子）she'sholdinginherrighthand，theartistcreatesablack﹣and﹣whitelandscapebyintensivelychiselingdotsinvarioussizesanddensityonthestone.（3）（difference）fromtraditionalChinesearttypesthatemphasizethebeautyoflines，stoneshadowcarvinghighlightsthesizeand（4）（deep）ofdots."Weuseanalloysteelneedletochiselwhitedotstocreateimagesonapolishedandsmoothblackslate，"Liexplained，addingthepressure（5）（use）tochiselthemwasthekeytogettingthecarvingright."OnanA4﹣paper﹣sizeblackslate，weneedtochiselabout100milliondots（6）（create）animage，"shecontinued，addingitwouldtake7to20daystocompletetheworkdependingonitslevelofcomplexity.Bornintoafamilyofstonecarvers，stoneandalloysteelneedles（7）（be）Li'sbestfriendssincechildhoodandthesoundofchisel（8）（knock）ontheslateisthesoundtracktoherlife.（9）56﹣year﹣oldhasdevotednearly40yearstothecraft.Forher，shadowcarvingisaboutpreservinghistory，cultureandart，（10）recordingthestoriesofthetimes.写作（共两节，满分40分）18．（15分）假定你是李华，你班本周ClassReport的主题是AManofPerseverance。请你写一篇发言稿。内容包括：（1）人物事迹简介；（2）给你的启示。注意：（1）写作词数应为80左右；（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Goodmorning，everyone.Today，I'dliketoshareastoryaboutamanofperseverance._____Thanksforyourlistening.19．（25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Ithadbeenonlytwoweekssincemyfamilymovedtothenewhousenearthewoodsduringmysenior2holiday.YesterdayIheardanewnoiseinthewoods，notdrownedoutbybirdcalls.Myfirstthought，ahopefulone，wasadeer.WhatifIhadadeerfamilylivinginthewoodsbehindmyhouse？Apeacefulanimaltosymbolizethegentlenessofournewlife？Orcoulditbesomethingdangerous，eventerrifying？Adangerousanimal，awildman？Butno.Thiswasournewhome.Ournewlife.Therewouldbenomonsters（怪物）.Itcouldbeagroundskeeper.WhowasIkiddingwithmonsters？Wemovedtorural.Thiswasn'tanabsolutewilderness.Thereweretrailsinthesewoods，maintainedbytheHomeowners'Association.So，whatwasitinthewoods？Imadeaplan.IputonlongpantsandbootsandannouncedthatIwouldwalkintothewoodsandfoundthetrail.Iwouldlookforsignsoflife—animaldroppings，fur，satanic（邪恶的）symbols.Mysister，Roger，wantedin.Mybrother，Ben，wasbusyshowingallhistoystoourgrandfather，whocametovisitus.RogerandIwenttotheedgeofthepropertylineandkeptgoing.Birdsgotquiet，sensingstrangers.Wewalkedon，notpayingparticularlygoodattentiontolandmarks.Withoutmuchtrouble，wefoundthetrailandabanyantreewithmultipletrunksshootingoutfromtheground.Rogerimmediatelyclimbeditanddeclared，"Thisisthefairytree!"Shethrewherarmsintheair，andaskedmetotakeapicturewithmysmartphone.Shewasinbootsandadressandlookedperfectamongthetrees.Walkingdeeperintothewoods，wefoundaclearingwithsomedownedtreesanddeclareditthe"playarea."Sheclimbedthefallentreetrunksandjumpedoffthem，sentupapuffofdust.Wecontinuedouradventureuntilitwasgettingdark，butfoundnothing.Wedecidedtogoback.注意：（1）写作词数应为150左右；（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Soon，Irealizedwewerelostandcouldn'tfindthefairytree._____WepromisedtotakeBentoadventurethenextday.______

2023-2024学年山东省潍坊市安丘市、高密市、诸城市高三（上）月考英语试卷（10月份）参考答案与试题解析第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）1．2．3．4．5．第二节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）6．7．8．9．10．阅读（共两节，满分50.0分）11．【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据SingaporeChangiAirport部分的Atnight，the130﹣foot﹣tallRainVortex，theworld'slargestindoorwaterfall，comesalivewithaneye﹣catchinglightshowthatlastsaroundfiveminutes.Withone﹣of﹣a﹣kindattractions，itsveryownhotelsandmorethan280placestoshopanddine（到了晚上，这个世界上最大的室内瀑布﹣﹣﹣130英尺高的"雨漩涡"会上演一场引人注目的灯光秀，持续约5分钟。它拥有独一无二的景点，自己的酒店和280多个购物和用餐场所），可知新加坡樟宜机场有很多娱乐活动。故选C。（2）细节理解题。根据DenverInternationalAirport部分的Avarietyofsculpturesandpaintingssupportapermanentartcollectionspreadthroughouteveryterminal.AlongthewalkwaybetweentheJeppesenTerminalandConcourseA，apieceofsoftmusicplaysaspassengersmaketheirwaytocatchaflight（各种各样的雕塑和绘画构成了遍布每个航站楼的永久艺术收藏。当乘客赶飞机时，Jeppesen航站楼和A大厅之间的走道上会播放一段轻柔的音乐），可知丹佛国际机场的亮点是文化氛围﹣﹣﹣拥有雕塑和绘画收藏和音乐。故选D。（3）细节理解题。根据IstanbulAirport部分的Itisrecognizedasthelargestairportintheworldandisanticipatingevenmoregrowthinthenext10yearstofulfillthegoalofhandlingajaw﹣dropping200millionpassengersannually（它被公认为世界上最大的机场，并预计在未来10年内会有更大的增长，以实现每年处理令人瞠目的2亿人次的目标），可知伊斯坦布尔机场是世界上最大的机场，每年接待的旅客最多。故选D。12．【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段中ThefirstdishwasherwasinventedbyJoelHoughtonin1850，madeofwood，slowandforgotten.In1865，L.A.Alexanderpatentedahand﹣crankedsystem，moreusefulbutstillnoprofitability.（第一台洗碗机是由JoelHoughton在1850年发明的，由木头制成，很缓慢，因此被遗忘了。1865年，L.A.Alexander为手摇系统申请了专利，该系统更有用，但仍然没有盈利。）可知，早期的洗碗机运行缓慢，需要手动操作，效率很低，因此没有被接受。故选C项。（2）推理判断题。根据第二段中Hermachineincludedwirecompartments（隔间）thatweredesignedtofitplates，cups，andsaucers，andtheseracks（置物架）werefittedinsideawheelthatwasplacedinsideacopperboiler.（她的机器包括金属丝隔间，用来装盘子、杯子和碟子，这些架子被安装在一个轮子里，轮子被放置在一个铜锅炉里。）可知，Cochrane的洗碗机把餐具放在锅炉里。故选C项。（3）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中There，shefoundinterestedbuyersintheformofrestaurantsandhotels.Theseestablishmentscouldaffordthecostofherproductsandwerelookingforwaystorelievetheloadoflabor.（在那里，她找到了有兴趣的餐馆和酒店买家。这些机构能够负担得起她的产品的成本，并且正在寻找减轻劳动力负担的方法。）可知，Cochrane在博览会上找到了有洗碗机需求的餐馆和酒店买家，即通过锁定潜在客户，打开了市场。故选A项。（4）主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了洗碗机的发明，并着重讲述了一位女性发明第一台获得商业上成功洗碗机的情况和其过程，B．Thewomanwhoinventedthedishwasher."发明洗碗机的女人"符合文意。故选B项。13．【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Children'smindsoftendriftawaytoapeacefulplaceduringplaytime（orwhenevertheywant!）.However，arecentstudypublishedinthejournalEmotionfoundthatdaydreamingisactuallymoredifficultforadults.（孩子们在玩耍的时候（或者任何他们想要的时候），他们的思想常常会飘到一个安静的地方去。然而，最近发表在《情绪》期刊上的一项研究发现，白日梦实际上对成年人来说更困难。）可知，与成年人相比，孩子们更擅长做白日梦。故选B。（2）细节理解题。根据第二段Whiletheteamsupposedthatthiswouldhelpvolunteersdaydream，theparticipantsinthestudydidn'tliketheprocessandwantedaguidedexperience，instead.（虽然研究小组认为这有助于志愿者做白日梦，但研究参与者并不喜欢这个过程，而是想要一个有指导的体验。）可知，该研究中成年人做白日梦的问题在于他们缺乏指导。故选A。（3）细节理解题。根据第三段Participantsnoteda50﹣percentboosttotheircreativethinkingwhenstudyauthorsgavethemtopicstochoosefrom，likefuturegoals，anticipatedevents，andfavoritememories.（参与者指出，当研究作者给他们提供未来目标、预期事件和最喜欢的记忆等主题供他们选择时，他们的创造性思维提高了50%。）可知，在指导下做白日梦后，参与者变得更有创造力了。故选A。（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段Asyoubuildyourabilitytodaydream，you'llhaveasourceofenjoyablethoughtsatyourdisposalduringstressfultimes.（当你建立起做白日梦的能力时，在压力大的时候，你会有一个愉快的想法来源。）可知，文章围绕一项研究展开，该研究显示做白日梦对成年人来说相对更困难，需要得到指导，但是做白日梦实际上对人体有益，因此文章给出了练习做白日梦的方法建议。由此可知，作者的写作是为了告诉读者做白日梦的重要性，教人们重新做白日梦。C．Toteachpeopletoreclaimdaydreaming.（教人们重新做白日梦。）符合文意，故选C。14．【解答】（1）段落大意题。根据第二段LouisBiscotti，theNationalLeaderforFood&Beverage（饮料）ServicesGroup，saysthatwhentheFDA（FoodandDrugAdministration）updateditsnutritionfactslabelforpackagedfoodsin2020，companiesfoundnewopportunitiestoincreasesales."TheinformationontheFDAlabelandwhatyoupackontoyourlabelandpackagingcanbeimportantfactorsinboostingsales."Headdsthat30%ofU.S.consumerssurveyedaremorelikelytobuyproductswithsustainablecertificatesandthat"cleanlabel"characteristicscan"winoverconsumers".（美国食品和饮料服务小组的全国负责人LouisBiscotti表示，当美国食品和药物管理局在2020年更新了包装食品的营养成分标签时，公司找到了增加销售的新机会。"FDA标签上的信息以及标签和包装上的内容可能是促进销售的重要因素。"他补充说，30%接受调查的美国消费者更有可能购买具有可持续认证的产品，"清洁标签"特征可以"赢得消费者"。）可知，本段主要介绍了有些公司利用FDA的标签去增加销售，诱导消费者进行购买，即标签对营销的影响。故选A。（2）词句猜测题。根据第四段Studyafterstudyonthetopicrevealsthatpeoplethinkaproductlabeledas"natural"deliversbenefitsfarbeyondwhatitdoes，withmostconsumersmistakenlyassigninghealthandenvironmentalstewardship（管理）attributestonatural﹣labeledfood.（关于这个话题的一项又一项研究表明，人们认为标有"天然"的产品所带来的好处远远超过它的作用，大多数消费者错误地将健康和环境管理属性归因于标有天然标签的食品。）可知，消费者会因为产品贴有"天然"标签而认为其健康、对环境友好，从而购买该产品。可知，食品产商会利用上文提到的这种消费者的天真去提高价格。因此capitalizeon的意思是"利用"。A．Turnadeafearto对…充耳不闻；B．Makeuseof利用；C．Meettheneedsof收支平衡；D．Breakawayfrom脱离。故选B。（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段中LouisBiscotti所说的话"Theeconomicproblemraisedbynaturallabelsisthatconsumerscouldbepayingextraforproductattributestheyarenotreceivingwhileproducersofproductswiththoseattributeslosesales（天然标签带来的经济问题是，消费者可能会为他们没有得到的产品属性支付额外费用，而具有这些属性的产品的生产商则会失去销售）"和"Asaconsequence，anyhealthandenvironmentalstewardshipbenefitsthatmighthavebeenrealizedfromconsumerschoosingproductsthatmatchedtheirpreferencescouldbelost.（因此，消费者选择符合其喜好的产品可能带来的健康和环境管理方面的任何好处都可能丧失。）"可知，LouisBiscotti认为天然标签带来了经济问题，消费者蒙受损失，真正生产天然食品的产商也因此蒙受损失，对健康和环境也没有好处。因此，他对待此类标签的态度是批判的（Critical）。A．Critical批判的；B．Favorable赞同的；C．Tolerant容忍的；D．Unclear不清楚的。故选A。（4）标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章围绕食品产品上的标签展开，介绍了大部分情况下产品包装会影响消费者的购买决定，贴有天然标签、清洁标签的产品往往更受消费者青睐，但食品生产商有可能会利用消费者的该心理来增加销售，导致消费者、真正生产清洁食品的生产商蒙受损失。因此，C．TheMisleadingNatureof"Natural"LabelsonFood.（食品上"天然"标签的误导性。）最适合作为标题。故选C。15．【解答】（1）联系上文题。前文Napping（小睡）atmiddaykeepsafternoonsleepinessaway.（中午小睡可以赶走下午的困倦。）引入文章的话题﹣﹣﹣中午小睡，C项"尤其是在夏天，它的魅力更大。"符合语境，承接前文，强调中午小睡在夏天更吸引人，其中的It指代前文的Nappingatmidday。故选C。（2）段落主题题。空处位于段首，是段落主旨句，需统领段落内容。后文LiuZongyuan，afamouspoetintheTangDynasty，onceimpressedusbyavividdescriptionofajoyfulandleisurelynaptime.NappingatnoonmightdatefromthelateEasternHanDynasty.Accordingtothestory"SanGuMaoLu"，ZhugeKongmingwasinasoundnapwhenLiuBeicamevisitinghimforthethirdtime.（唐代著名诗人柳宗元曾生动地描写过一个愉快而悠闲的午睡时间，给我们留下了深刻的印象。中午打盹的习俗可以追溯到东汉晚期。据《三顾茅庐》记载，刘备第三次来访时，诸葛孔明正睡得正香。）用两个事例主要介绍了历史中的午睡传统，E项"小睡也是一种历史悠久的文化行为。"符合语境，契合下文内容。故选E。（3）联系上文题。前文NormallyweChinesegetonafullstomachafterlunch，sotheglucose﹣richChinesedietraisesthelevelofbloodglucose.（通常我们中国人午饭后会吃得很饱，所以富含葡萄糖的中国饮食会提高血糖水平。）解释中国人的午饭富含葡萄糖，会提高血糖水平