2023-2024学年重庆市梁平区高三（上）第一次调研英语试卷

2023-2024学年重庆市梁平区高三（上）第一次调研英语试卷第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）1．（1.5分）Whatwillthemanprobablygivethewomannext？A.Anewfork.B.Extrasteaksauce.C.Adifferentknife.2．（1.5分）Whatisthemangoingtodonextweek？A.Repairhislaptop.B.Attendabusinessmeeting.C.Goshoppinginthecitycenter.3．（1.5分）Whenwillthespeakersmeet？A.At11：00a.m.B.At9：00a.m.C.At1：00p.m.4．（1.5分）Whatcanthespeakersdefinitelyagreeon？A.Whattheywanttocat.B.Whentheyneedtogotosleep.C.Whichmovietheywillwatch.5．（1.5分）Whatisthemanprobablyplaying？A.Football.B.Golf.C.Tennis.第二节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）6．（3分）（1）HowwillthewomangivetheluckymoneytoWilliam？A.ByWeChatPay.B.Bybanktransfer.C.Incash.（2）WhatwillWilliamprobablydoduringtheholiday？A.Attendclasses.B.Joinhisfamilyfordinner.C.Traveltohisgrandparents'house.7．（3分）（1）What'stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers？A.Teacherandstudent.B.Classmates.C.Co﹣workers.（2）Whichtypeofbookdoesthewomanprobablymostprefer？A.ClassicAmericannovels.B.Fantasy.C.Sportbooks.8．（4.5分）（1）Whendidthespeakerslastseeeachother？A.Duringmiddleschool.B.Duringhighschool.C.Duringcollege.（2）Whodidthemanseeatthegrocerystore？A.Acurrentprincipal.B.Aformerteacher.C.Anoldclassmate.（3）Howdidthewomanfeelabouttheiroldgymclass？A.Frightened.B.Interested.C.Amazed.9．（6分）（1）Wherearethespeakers？A.Inthewoods.B.Attheirhome.C.Intheclassroom.（2）Whatisthewomanlookingfor？A.Rubbish.B.Mushrooms.C.Bamboograss.（3）Whatdoesthewomanwanttodowithwhatshefinds？A.Takepictures.B.Cookameal.C.Doadrawing.（4）Whatisthemaintopicoftheconversation？A.Severalpictures.B.Aschoolproject.C.Someplants.10．（6分）（1）WhichTVshowisViolamostlyknownfor？A.CentralFalls.B.Everybody'sRuby.C.HowtoGetAwaywithMurder.（2）WhendidViolareceiveherfirstmajoraward？A.In1993.B.In1999.C.In2001.（3）WhichfilmdidViolawinanAcademyAwardfor？A.Fences.B.Doubt.C.TheHelp.（4）WhathaveViolaandherhusbanddonerecently？A.Theyhaveruntheirownfirm.B.Theyhaveactedtogetherinamovie.C.Theyhaveshowedupinaceremony.阅读理解（共两节，满分50.0分）11．（7.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。WhileattractionsliketheShardandtheLondonEyeofferexcellentperspectives，they'realwaysbusyandticketpricesaresteep.Butwithalittleinsiderknowledge，youcansaveyourpoundsandbagyourskylinephotoswithoutthecrowdsthroughaccessingthefollowingviewpoints.ParliamentHillLondonismostlyflat，butifyouknowwheretolookthereareafewhillsthatprovidenatural（andfree）highpointsofferingcityviewswithasideorderoffreshair.OneofthemostcentralisParliamentHillonHampsteadHeath﹣at98m，oneofLondon'shighestnaturalviewpoints.Fromhere，onaclearday，youcansitontheparkbenchthatfeaturedinmovieslikeRunFatboyRunandNotesonaScandal.Entryfee：freeTheGardenMuseumTowerIfyouexitleftoutofWestminsterstation，battleyourwayoverthebridgeandthenturnright，pasttheviewofBigBenandwalkalongthesouthsideoftheThames，you'llcometoamedieval（中世纪的）church.WhileyoumightbeinterestedinBritishgardendesign，it'sthe14th﹣Centurytowerthat'sthemainattractionforphotographers.Climbthe131stepsofthenarrowspiralstaircaseandyou'llemergeontooneofthefinestriversideviewpointsinthecity﹣withviewsacrosstothePalaceofWestminsterontheright.Entryfee：Adultf16，orToweronly4TheIFSCloudCableCarIfyouwanttosoaroverLondoninaglasspod，theobviousplacetogoistheLondonEye.Butacheaperandcrowd﹣freealternativeistoridetheIFSCloudCableCar.Theviewsareimpressiveatanytime，buttheCableCarstaysopenlate，soyoucanevenenjoymagnificentsunsetsfromthewest﹣facingsideoradmirethetwinklingcitylightsafterdark.Entryfee：E6one﹣waySeabird，SouthwarkLondonhasnoshortageofrooftopvenues（场所）offeringknockoutcityscapeviews，soitcanbehardtopickjustoneortwo.Butforlocation，anglesandagreatexperience，itdoesn'tgetmuchbetterthanSeabird，onthe14thflooroftheHoxtonhotelinSouthwarkwithnothingtoblockviewsonthreesides.Entryfee：Buyadrink：draughtbeercosts￡6.50orsmallglassofwineis￡9；aportionofolivescosts￡5.（1）Wherecanyougoifyouwanttophotographthe14th﹣Centurytower？A.TheLondonEye.B.ThesouthsideoftheThames.C.Therooftopvenues.D.AplacenearStPaul'sCathedral.（2）Inwhichviewpointcanyoujustbuyadrinkandenjoyfreecityviews？A.ParliamentHill.B.TheGardenMuseumTower.C.TheIFSCloudCableCar.D.Seabird，Southwark.（3）Whatdothe4viewpointshaveincommon？A.Theyarefree.B.Theyarewell﹣known.C.Theyarenotcrowded.D.Theyarenotcheap.12．（10分）Sometimes，thekidsinStephanieWilliams'skindergartenclassneedalittleextramotivation.Whilesomestudentsprefermaterialrewardsforgoodbehavior，allKameronEisenbergwantedwastobethefirstoneonthebus.Thatway，he'dbeabletospendalittleextratimewiththeschoolbusdriverCharlesFrierson.Inthefewminutestheysharedtogethereachafternoon，Mr.CharleswouldchatwithKameron，encouragehim，andgenerallybrightenhisday"Ialwaysaskthekids，'Whatdoyouwanttoworkfortoday？'AndKameronsaid，'Iwanttoworktoseethebus，'"Stephaniesaid."JustbeingthefirstoneonthebusandtalkingtoMr.Charlesdoesnotseemlikealot，buttohimit'stheworld."Atthebeginningoftheschoolyear，Kameronwashavingsomedifficultiesinclass.Hisbehaviorgothimsenttotheadministrator'sofficealmosteveryday.However，gettingtohangoutwithMr.Charlesturnedouttobeastrongmotivatorforthekindergartnertofollowdirections.Aftercheckinginwithhisteacher，thebusdriverwouldsometimeseventalktohimaboutanyproblemshewashavinginschool.StephaniesawahugechangeinKameron'sattitudeoncetheboystartedtalkingtoMr.Charleseveryday.SodidKameron'smom.Eventually，shedecidedtowritealettertothedriver.AsCharlesreadthenoteoncamera，hestartedtotearup"Ihavealwaysbelievedangelscomewhenyouleastexpectthem."Shewrote，"ThisholdsespeciallytrueinregardstoMr.Charles.Iwouldlikehimtoknowhowmuchweabsolutelylovehimforwhoheisandwhathehasdoneformyson."AccordingtoSchoolTransportationsNews.CharlesandKameronoftengeticecreamtogethernowthatschoolisoutforthesummer.Thebusdriveralsocheershimonathisweekendbaseballgames.（1）Whatcanbeinferredfromthefirsttwoparagraphs？A.KameronwastiredofStephanie'slessons.B.Kameronlikedtocompeteforthefirstplace.C.KameronmadefriendswithMr.Charles.D.Allkidsinthekindergartenpreferredmaterialrewards.（2）WhathappenedtoKameronatthebeginningoftheschoolyear？A.Hebehavedbadlyinschool.B.Hewastobedismissedfromschool.C.Hehadapoorsenseofdirection.D.Hewasaffectedmorebytheadministrator.（3）WhydidKameron'smomwritetoMr.Charles？A.Toshowhergratitudetohim.B.TochangeKameron'sattitude.C.Toexpressamother'senthusiasm.D.Togettheschoolbusdrivermoved.（4）WhichwordscanbestdescribeMr.Charles？A.Patientandcautious.B.Caringandpositive.C.Honestanddetermined.D.Ambitiousandsensitive.13．（10分）Gettingridofoldtyreshaslongbeenaproblem.MostarethrownintolandfillsorpiledupinstorageEnergyrecoveryisanothercommonmethod.Thisinvolvesburningtyrestogenerateelectricityorheatforindustries，butthatproducesplanetwarmingpollution；orweusethemtorepairroads，butchemicalsfromthemmightpollutetheground.Somefirms，therefore，havebegunexploringanalternative.OnesuchfirmisWastefront，whichownsabigtyre﹣recyclingplantinnorth﹣eastEngland.Inacoupleofyears，itwillbeabletoturn8millionoldtyresintonewproducts，includingablackliquidcalledTDO（轮胎衍生油）.Theprocessworksbydeconstructingatyreintosteel，rubber，andcarbonblack（炭黑）.Aftertearingdownthesteel，theremainingmaterialisexposedtohightemperaturesintheabsenceofairtomaketherubberchangeintoamixofhydrocarbongases，andthenthey'reremoved.Whatisleftbehindispurecarbonblack.Oncetheremovedgasescooldown，apartofthemliquefiesintoTDO.Theremaininggasesaretobeburnedtofueltheprocess.Thiscreatesaclosed﹣cyclesystemthatpreventsemissions（排放）.Thecarbonblackcanbereusedtomakenewtyres.Thatisofinteresttotyre﹣makersbecauseithelpseffortstobecomecarbonneutral﹣achievingabalancebetweentheamountsofcarbondioxideproducedandthecarbondioxideremovedfromtheatmosphere.Producingnewcarbonblackrequiresburningheavyoilorcoal，whichletsoffplentyofgreenhousegases.TherecoveredTDOiswell﹣suitedformakingdiesel（柴油）.Whilenotcompletelycarbon﹣neutral，itdoesproducean80﹣90%reductioninemissionsofcarbondioxide，comparedwiththeconventionalfuel.Thefuturemarketforsuchcleanerfuelswillremainlarge，eventhoughelectricvehiclesareontherise.Fossil﹣fuelledvehicleswillexistfordecades，particularlythebigburnersofdiesel﹣trucks，whicharehardertoelectrify.Thefuelisalsoneededbytrainsandships.So，anythingthathelpscleanupoverallemissionsisuseful—especiallyifitalsoeasesamountainouswasteproblem.（1）What'sthepurposeofthefirstparagraph？A.Toanalyzecauses.B.Topresentproblems.C.Toreachsolutions.D.Tomakecomparisons.（2）Whatcanbeinferredaboutthetyre﹣recyclingprocess？A.Airbooststheburningoftheoldtyres.B.Theremaininggasesareemittedintotheair.C.Purecarbonblackisanunprocessedsubstance.D.TDOcomesfromtheremovedhydrocarbongases.（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inthelastparagraphreferto？A.DieselmadefromTDO.B.Cleanelectricenergy.C.Carbon﹣neutralprocess.D.RecoveredTDOfromoldtyres.（4）Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage？A.TheProblemsofBurningOldTyres.B.TheBlackLiquidCalledTDO.C.TheSystemPreventingEmissions.D.TheAlternativetoTyre﹣recycling.14．（10分）Sincewearevulnerable（脆弱的）whenwesleep，sleepmustplayacriticalrole，orevolutionwouldn'thaveselectedforit.Earlyhumanshadtohunt，gatherfoodandprotectthemselves.Thoseactivitiesconsumedmuchtime，sounlesssleepservedveryimportantpurposes，thosewhosleptlesswouldhaveanadvantage.Yetsleepingforlonghoursofthenightwaskeptforyears，butscientistshadonlygeneralideasaboutwhathappenedduringsleep.Recently，Dr.ChiaraChiarelli，aneuroscientist，sharedwhatsleepneuroscienceresearchhasdiscovered.Neural（神经的）networksinthebrainareconnectedthroughsynapses（神经突触）whichallowsignalstoflowthroughoutthebrainandontocells.Duringwakinghours，newlearningcanstrengthentheconnections.Youcanthinkofknowledgeacquiredoveralongtimeasagroupofwell﹣connectedneuralpaths.Whenyoulearnsomethingnew，newpathsareconnectedtotheold.Duringthewakinghours，yourbrainprocessesmassiveamountsofnewinsignificantinformation，sayrememberingwhereyouparkedyourcar.Butthatmemoryhastobepreservedatleastuntilyoureachthecar.Itestablishesanewconnectiontoyourmemoryofwhatyourcarlookslike，awell﹣established"old"memory.Thebraincreatessomanyconnectionsdailythatparticularcircuitscanbeheavilyburdened.Dr.Cirelliexplainedthatduringsleep，agreatmanysynapticconnectionsareweakenedsothatconnectionsaremoreavailablefornewlearningthenextday.Continuingwiththeparkedcarexample，theexactlocationoftheparkedcarisnotneededagain，sotheconnectionsareweakened.Infact，ifitwerenot，youmightmemorizehundredsofplaceswhereyouhaveparked，leadingtoconsiderableconfusion!Youdon'thavetobeascientisttounderstandthatnotsleepingwellaffectsnextdayfunctioning—thisiscommonculturalwisdom.Dr.Cirelli'sresearchisanexampleofscienceshowingthe"why"and"how"mechanismsthatunderliethatwisdom.（1）Whatdoestheexampleofearlyhumansshow？A.Sleepwasn'tasimportantasitistoday.B.Ourancestorshadahardtimesurviving.C.Sleepissignificantinthehistoryofhumans.D.Whoeversleepslessenjoysmoreadvantages.（2）Whatmessagedoestheauthorseemtoconveyinparagraph2？A.Ourmemorycanbekeptoveralongperiodoftime.B.Ourbraincanbeoverloadedwithsynapticconnections.C.Ourbrain'sneuralnetworkisconnectedthroughsynapses.D.Ournewlearningisbasedonwell﹣establishedoldmemories.（3）WhathasDr.Cirelli'sresearchdiscovered？A.Sleeprelievessynapticburden.B.Sleepcarriesculturalwisdom.C.Sleepbroadensneuralpaths.D.Sleepstimulatesbraindevelopment.（4）What'stheauthor'sattitudetoDr.Cirelli'sresearch？A.DoubtfulB.UnclearC.Dismissive（鄙视的）D.Approving15．（12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。DisposeofYourCreditCardWithoutBuryingItDisposingofunwanteditemsinourlivesoftenmeanssimplythrowingthemintothegarbageorrecyclingbin—or，ifthey'restilluseful，givingthemaway.It'sdifferentwitholdcreditcards，whichshouldbedestroyedsonobodycanusethemfraudulently（欺诈地）.（1）Here'showtogetridofanoldcard.First，contacttheissuerIfclosingtheaccountisyourgoal，you'llhavetocallthenumberonthebackofyourcardandasktodoso.Ifyourcardisarewardscard，remembertofirstredeempointsorcashback.Changeanyautomaticpaymentstoadifferentcard，andbesuretopaythefinalcardbill.CutupplasticcardsSharpscissorsandsmarttrimmingwilldothejobhere."WerecommendthatconsumerscutthroughtheEMVchip，thenfurthercutthecardafewtimesalongtheshortside，anddisposeofthesectionsinmorethanonetrashbag，"saysSarahGrano，aspokeswomanfortheAmericanBankersAssociation.（2）Sendbackmetalcards（3）Contactyourissuer.Typically，youcanmailitbackfordisposal."Forexample，whenAmericanExpresssendsareplacementcard，italsosendsanaddressedreturnenvelopetomailbackanoldmetalcardfordestruction，"saysHeatherNorton，spokeswomanforAmericanExpress.CheckbackonyouraccountDon'tobsessaboutidentitytheftofanoldcreditcard.Yougenerallywon'tberesponsibleforfraudulentchargesanyway.（4）It'sagoodideatocheckyouraccountstatementtomakesurethere'sbeennofraud.ClosinganaccountcanhurtyouClosingacreditcardaccountcanloweryourcreditrating.That'sbecausecreditscoresconsideryour"creditutilizationratio'"，orhowmuchofyouravailablecredityou'reusing.Andwhenyoucloseanaccount，youhavelessavailablecredit.（5）Closinganoldcarddecreasestheaverageageofyouraccounts.A.Itcouldbeworthclosingtheaccountanyway.B.Scoresalsoconsiderthelengthoftimeyou'vehadthecardopen.C.Orfeedcardsintoamachinedesignedtohandlethem.D.Takecarewithdebitcardsandotherplasticwherefraudmeansyoumightbemissingmoney.E.Buthowtodestroyapaymentcardproperlyisnotobvious，especiallywithnewmetalcreditcards.F.Destroyingametalcardbyyourselfisharderandpotentiallydangerous.G.Skipthisstepifyou'resimplyreplacinganexpiredcardoronethathasbeencompromised.语言运用（共两节，满分30分）16．（15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Lifeskillsorsocialskillsareseldomprioritized（优先考虑）inmostschools.However，a（1）schoolteacherinCanada，JenniferThiessen，thinks（2）andensuresherstudentsarewell﹣equippedforlife.Accordingtoher，（3）theseskillswasasimportantasstudentsknowinghowtomultiplyanddivide.Thiessendiscussedher（4）withafellowteacher，KylaStradling，andtheycameupwithaplan.Theygavetheirstudentsaproject（5）tospreadinggoodwill.Theycalleditthe"KindnessProject".Thiessentoldherthird﹣gradestudentsin2018，"Ifwecouldbethatsparkofkindness，wecould（6）otherstodoactsofkindness."Andthestudentsdid（7）.Theymadecupcakesathomeandsoldthemfor＄1.Theymadeabout＄400andthenusedittobuysmall（8）likeflowersanddogtreats.Theythengaveitoutto（9）neartheschool.Afterthisexperience，Thiessenmadeitanannualactivityforthird﹣gradersattheschool."Thisprojectisn'taboutwhocan（10）wellacademically，"shesaid."Thisisaneverybodyproject.Itdoesn'thaveany（11）whenitcomestoability."TheschoolhascarriedouttheKindnessProjectforthelastfiveyears.Duetotheproject'ssuccess，theschool（12）fiveclasses，threethird﹣gradersandsecondfourth﹣graders.Thisyear，the100studentsweredividedintomanygroupsand（13）differenttasks.OnMarch15，somewereatcoffeeshopshelpingpeoplebuybeverages，whileotherswaitedatalocalparkto（14）dogtreatsandflowers.Besidesbeginningachainofkindness，theteacherwantstoshowstudentswhatthey're（15）of.（1）A.collegeB.juniorC.primaryD.senior（2）A.creativelyB.differentlyC.sharplyD.positively（3）A.applyingB.checkingC.cultivatingD.sharing（4）A.theoriesB.schedulesC.issuesD.concerns（5）A.relatedB.exposedC.addictedD.devoted（6）A.remindB.forceC.inspireD.invite（7）A.practicesB.wondersC.assignmentsD.projects（8）A.toolsB.servicesC.itemsD.gifts（9）A.strangersB.friendsC.teachersD.parents（10）A.estimateB.performC.adoptD.approve（11）A.ambitionsB.challengesC.regretsD.requirements（12）A.involvedB.revealedC.impliedD.stimulated（13）A.reflectedonB.basedonC.builtonD.focusedon（14）A.pickupB.giveoutC.sortoutD.copewith（15）A.proudB.worthyC.capableD.aware17．（15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。OnAugust24，JapanstartedreleasingwastewaterfromitsFukushimaDaiichiNuclearPowerPlant（福岛第一核电站）intothePacificOcean.Thishascausedangerandfearacrosstheworld.InMarch2011，Japanexperiencedthestrongestearthquakeinits（1）（record）history.Theearthquakecausedatsunami（海啸），（2）greatlydamagedtheFukushimanuclearplant.Eversincethen，theplanthasbeenproducingalargeamountofradioactivewastewater.Sofar，it（3）（collect）morethan1.3milliontonsofit.Thefirstroundofreleasewilllast17days.Thewholeprocesswilltakeabout30years.TheplantwasoperatedbyTEPCO（东京电力公司）.Accordingtothecompany，thewastewaterisdiluted（稀释）before（4）（it）release.However，there'sstillaproblem.Someofthemostdangeroussubstancesareverylikely（5）（remain）init."They'llpollutetheocean，theanimalswithinit，and（6）（final），theearth，"saidTackoFujimura，anofficialatJapan'sZen﹣Noh（日本农业合作社联合会）.Onthesameday，Chinaannounced（7）immediatebanonallseafoodproductsfromJapan.This（8）（decide）wasmadeto"protectthelivesandhealthofthepeople."Inastatement，thecountry'sForeignMinistry（外交部）calledJapan'smove"（9）（self）andirresponsible."ChinawasthebiggestbuyerofJapaneseseafood.Morethan255，000userstookapoll（民意调查）onWeibo.Upto97%ofthemsaidthattheywouldnolongereatseafoodfromJapan."We'reonthesameplanet，"saidoneofthem."Nobodycanbefreefromharm.It'sjustamatter（10）time."写作（共两节，满分40分）18．（15分）假设Williams教授写信邀请你给留学生做一个关于中国文化的演讲。请你写信回复，信件内容包括：①接受邀请；②介绍演讲主题和要点。注意：（1）词数80左右；（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；（3）开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearProfessorWilliams，IamhonoredtogiveapresentationaboutChineseculturetointernationalstudentsatyourinvitation._______Sincerelyyours，LiHua19．（25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Everyonehasahero—someoneheadmires，whohashadanimpactonhislife.Mybrother，John，ismyhero.Heisthemostsympathetic，sweetandfunnypersonIhaveevermet.Johnisalsomentallyhandicapped（智障的）andhasadevelopmentaldisabilityknownasautism（自闭症）.IusedtobeashamedofJohnwhenIwaslittle.Whenhefirststartedtalking，hehadahardtimewithpronunciationandunderstandingthemeaningofwords.HecalledmeMay﹣MeformostofmychildhoodbecausehecouldnotpronounceAmy.AsJohngrewolder，hislanguageabilitygraduallyincreased.IwentfromMay﹣MetoAmy，andhammerburgersbecamehamburgers.WhenIwasyounger，IwasembarrassedbyJohn.Heusedtorunaroundinstorestalkingtohimself，flickinghisearsandputtinghishandsinhismouth.Hehadahardtimeswallowingandwouldhavedrool（流口水）runningdownhisface.Johnwasveryloud，anditseemedtomethathewouldalwaysfindthequietestmomentstotalk.AllIeverwantedwasanormalbrother.Iwouldlookatotherbrothersandsisters，seetheirrelationshipsandturngreenwithenvy.Whydidmybrotherhavetobesodifferent？Iwasveryself﹣consciousofwhatpeoplethought.IfeltasiftheentireworldwaslaughingatmebecauseofthewayJohnwasacting.IwasutterlyoffendedattimesthatIcouldnothaveanormalbrother.Thesiblingsofanautisticchildcanhavemanyreactionstotheamountofattentiontheautisticchildreceives.Somefeelasiftheyarenotreceivingenoughattentionandmaybecomesuperachieverstogettheirshare.Ihatetoadmitit，butIdefinitelyfallintothiscategory.Ifeeltheneedtoexcel（突出）ineverythingIdo.Icannothelpbutthinkthatthiscomesfromhavingadisabledbrother.Johnhaschangedsignificantlyoverthepasteighteenyears.______AsIgrowolder，I'mnolongerashamedofmybrother；instead，IamashamedthatIusedtobe.______

2023-2024学年重庆市梁平区高三（上）第一次调研英语试卷参考答案与试题解析第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）1．【解答】C2．【解答】B3．【解答】A4．【解答】A5．【解答】C第二节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）6．【解答】BA7．【解答】CB8．【解答】CBB9．【解答】ABCC10．【解答】CBAA阅读理解（共两节，满分50.0分）11．【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据TheGardenMuseumTower部分IfyouexitleftoutofWestminsterstation，battleyourwayoverthebridgeandthenturnright，pasttheviewofBigBenandwalkalongthesouthsideoftheThames，you'llcometoamedieval（中世纪的）church.（如果你从威斯敏斯特车站左边出口，艰难地穿过桥，然后向右拐，经过大本钟，沿着泰晤士河南岸走，你就会来到一座中世纪的教堂。）以及WhileyoumightbeinterestedinBritishgardendesign，it'sthe14th﹣Centurytowerthat'sthemainattractionforphotographers.（虽然你可能对英国花园设计感兴趣，但对摄影师来说，这座14世纪的塔楼才是最吸引人的地方。）可知如果你想拍摄这座14世纪的塔楼，你可以去泰晤士河的南岸。故选B。（2）细节理解题。根据Seabird，Southwark部分（参赛费用：买饮料：生啤酒6.5英镑，小杯葡萄酒9英镑，一份橄榄5英镑。）可知在Seabird，Southwark买杯饮料就可以免费欣赏城市风景。故选D。（3）推理判断题。根据第一段Butwithalittleinsiderknowledge，youcansaveyourpoundsandbagyourskylinephotoswithoutthecrowdsthroughaccessingthefollowingviewpoints.（但只要掌握一些内幕知识，你就可以在没有人群的情况下，通过以下观点来减肥和打包你的天际线照片。）可知这四种观点的共同点是它们不拥挤。故选C。12．【解答】（1）细节理解题。文章第一段提到Whilesomestudentsprefermaterialrewardsforgoodbehavior，allKameronEisenbergwantedwastobethefirstoneonthebus.Thatway，he'dbeabletospendalittleextratimewiththeschoolbusdriverCharlesFrierson.Inthefewminutestheysharedtogethereachafternoon，Mr.CharleswouldchatwithKameron，encouragehim，andgenerallybrightenhisday.（虽然有些学生更喜欢对良好行为的物质奖励，但KameronEisenberg只想成为第一个上车的人。这样，他就能多花点时间和校车司机CharlesFrierson在一起了。在每天下午他们共处的那几分钟里，查尔斯会和卡梅伦聊天，鼓励他，通常会让他的一天变得愉快。）由此可知，Kameron和Mr.Charles已经成为朋友了。故选C。（2）细节理解题。文章第三段提到Atthebeginningoftheschoolyear，Kameronwashavingsomedifficultiesinclass.Hisbehaviorgothimsenttotheadministrator'sofficealmosteveryday.（新学年开始时，Kameron在课堂上遇到了一些困难。他的行为使他几乎每天都被送到行政办公室。）由此可知，那段时间，他在学校表现得不好。故选A。（3）细节理解题。文章倒数第二段提到"Ihavealwaysbelievedangelscomewhenyouleastexpectthem."Shewrote，"ThisholdsespeciallytrueinregardstoMr.Charles.Iwouldlikehimtoknowhowmuchweabsolutelylovehimforwhoheisandwhathehasdoneformyson."（"我一直相信天使会在最不经意的时候出现。"她写道："这对Mr.Charles来说尤其如此。我想让他知道，我们是多么爱他，因为他是什么样的人，以及他为我儿子所做的一切。"）由此可知，Kameron的妈妈写这封信是为了向Mr.Charles表示感谢。故选A。（4）推理判断题。文章第一段中提到Inthefewminutestheysharedtogethereachafternoon，Mr.CharleswouldchatwithKameron，encouragehim，andgenerallybrightenhisday.（在每天下午他们共处的那几分钟里，Mr.Charles和Kameron会一起聊天，鼓励他，这通常会让他的一天变得愉快。）文章的第三段提到Aftercheckinginwithhisteacher，thebusdriverwouldsometimeseventalktohimaboutanyproblemshewashavinginschool.（在和老师核对了之后，公交车司机有时甚至会和他谈谈他在学校遇到的任何问题。）由此可知，Mr.Charles非常关心他人，同时又有着积极的生活态度。故选B。13．【解答】（1）目的意图题。根据第一段Gettingridofoldtyreshaslongbeenaproblem.MostarethrownintolandfillsorpiledupinstorageEnergyrecoveryisanothercommonmethod.Thisinvolvesburningtyrestogenerateelectricityorheatforindustries，butthatproducesplanetwarmingpollution；orweusethemtorepairroads，butchemicalsfromthemmightpollutetheground（报废旧轮胎一直是个问题。大多数被扔进垃圾填埋场或堆放在仓库中能源回收是另一种常见的方法。这包括燃烧轮胎为工业发电或供热，但这会造成地球变暖污染或者我们用它们来修路，但它们产生的化学物质可能会污染地面），可知第一段的目的是提出报废旧轮胎的问题，故选B。（2）细节理解题。根据第三段的Aftertearingdownthesteel，theremainingmaterialisexposedtohightemperaturesintheabsenceofairtomaketherubberchangeintoamixofhydrocarbongases，andthenthey'reremoved.Whatisleftbehindispurecarbonblack.Oncetheremovedgasescooldown，apartofthemliquefiesintoTDO（拆下钢材后，剩余材料在没有空气的情况下暴露在高温下，使橡胶变成碳氢化合物气体的混合物，然后将其去除。剩下的是纯炭黑。一旦去除的气体冷却下来，其中一部分就会液化成TDO），我们可以推断出轮胎的回收过程中，TDO来自去除的碳氢化合物气体，故选D。（3）代词指代题。根据最后一段的TherecoveredTDOiswell﹣suitedformakingdiesel（柴油）.Whilenotcompletelycarbon﹣neutral，itdoesproducean80﹣90%reductioninemissionsofcarbondioxide，comparedwiththeconventionalfuel（回收的TDO非常适合制造柴油。虽然不完全是碳中和的，但与传统燃料相比，它确实减少了80﹣90%的二氧化碳排放），可知it代指diesel，即来自于TDO的柴油，故选A。（4）标题判断题。通读全文，特别是根据第二段Somefirms，therefore，havebegunexploringanalternative.OnesuchfirmisWastefront，whichownsabigtyre﹣recyclingplantinnorth﹣eastEngland.Inacoupleofyears，itwillbeabletoturn8millionoldtyresintonewproducts，includingablackliquidcalledTDO（因此，一些公司已经开始探索替代方案。Wastefront就是这样一家公司，它在英格兰东北部拥有一家大型轮胎回收厂。几年后，它将能够将800万个旧轮胎转化为新产品，包括一种名为TDO的黑色液体），可知本文主要介绍一种替代原来处理废旧轮胎的新方案，所以D.TheAlternativetoTyre﹣recycling（轮胎回收的替代方案）可以作为最佳标题，故选D。14．【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段的Earlyhumanshadtohunt，gatherfoodandprotectthemselves.Thoseactivitiesconsumedmuchtime，sounlesssleepservedveryimportantpurposes，thosewhosleptlesswouldhaveanadvantage（早期的人类必须狩猎、采集食物和保护自己。这些活动消耗了很多时间，所以除非睡眠有非常重要的作用，否则睡眠较少的人会有优势），可知早期人类的例子表明睡眠在人类历史上具有重要意义，故选C。（2）推理判断题。根据第二段的Thebraincreatessomanyconnectionsdailythatparticularcircuitscanbeheavilyburdened（大脑每天都会产生如此多的连接，以至于特定的电路可能会承受沉重的负担），可知作者在第二段中表达了我们的大脑可能会因突触连接而超载的信息，故选B。（3）细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的Dr.Cirelliexplainedthatduringsleep，agreatmanysynapticconnectionsareweakenedsothatconnectionsaremoreavailablefornewlearningthenextday（Cirelli博士解释说，在睡眠期间，许多突触连接都会减弱，这样第二天就可以更好地进行新的学习），可知Chirelli博士的研究发现睡眠可以减轻突触负担，故选A。（4）态度判断题。根据最后一段Youdon'thavetobeascientisttounderstandthatnotsleepingwellaffectsnextdayfunctioning—thisiscommonculturalwisdom.Dr.Cirelli'sresearchisanexampleofscienceshowingthe"why"and"how"mechanismsthatunderliethatwisdom（你不必是一个科学家就能理解睡眠不好会影响第二天的功能﹣﹣﹣这是常见的文化智慧。Cirelli博士的研究是一个科学例子，展示了这种智慧背后的"为什么"和"如何"机制），可知作者对Cir