2022年广西壮族自治区南宁市希望中学高三英语下学期期末试卷含解析

2022年广西壮族自治区南宁市希望中学高三英语下学期期末试卷含解析一、选择题1.Thanksto

dramacurrentlyonair,ManFromtheStars,SouthKoreanTVdramashaveattracted

wideraudience． A．the;the B．a；a C．a;the

D．a;/参考答案：B2.ThisisthefirsttimethatI_____aloneathomeduringtheweekend,boredtodeath.[来

A.haveleft

B.havebeenleft

C.hadleft

D.hadbeenleft参考答案：B3.Neverbefore________seenagirlwhocanswimasfastasYeShiwen.A.hadwe

B.wehad

C.havewe

D.wehave参考答案：C4.Awirelesssmartpillboxcanremindpatientstotaketheirdailyvitamins,________weallfindhardtobelieve.

A.that

B.what

C.which

D.it

参考答案：C略28.LaurawasawayinParisforoveraweek.Whenshegothome,therewasapileofmail______forher. A.waited B.towait C.waiting D.waswaiting参考答案：C6.___________myeffortsatpersuasion，hewouldn’tagreeA.Apartfrom

B．Inspiteof

C．Becauseof

D．Intermsof参考答案：B7.–Listen!It’sraining.

--Oh,really?I________itatall.A.didn’trealize B.don’trealize C.haven’trealized D.hadn’trealized参考答案：A25.---CanImeetyoutomorrowafternoon？

---Sorry.I____animportantguestfromAmericathen.Let’smakeitanotherday.A.amreceiving

B.willhavereceived

C.willreceive

D.willbereceiving参考答案：D略9.Nopleasurecanequal______ofhavingagoodsleepafterhardwork.A.that

B.one

C.it

D.those

参考答案：A略10.It’s_____greatresponsibilitybutalso______greathonourtobechosen.A.a;the

B.the;a

C.a;a

D.a;不填参考答案：C11.______thehouseswereknockeddownintheearthquake.A.Agreatmany B.Thenumberof C.Agreatmanyof D.Agreatdealof参考答案：C12.ThevisitingEuropeanarchitectsshowedgreat

______fortheancientChinesebuildingdesignsintheForbiddenCity.A.preference

B.inspiration

C.interest

D.imagination参考答案：A略13.—Whereismydictionary?IrememberIputithereyesterday.

—You

itinthewrongplace.

A.mustput

B.shouldhaveput

C.mightput

D.mighthaveput

参考答案：

D

解析：本题考查情态动词用法。根据句意“你可能昨天放错了地方”可知，应用mighthaveput表示对过去的肯定猜测；should+havedone表示“本应该做某事而未做”。14.Heclaimstobeanexpertinastronomy,butinactualfactheisquiteignorantonthesubject.

heknowsaboutitisoutofdateandinaccurate.

A.Whatlittle

B.Toolittle

C.Howmuch

D.Verylittle参考答案：A15.Ourteacherasksustocleanthefloorinthemorningasourdaily_______.

A.routine

B.virtue

C.scale

D.feature参考答案：A略16.Doesthewayyouthoughtof_________theriverwatermakeanysense?

A．beingclean

B．cleaning

C．toclean

D．howtoclean

参考答案：C17.------IfollowedyouradviceonhowtolearnEnglish,butIamstillpoorinit.Why?-----Well,__________.A.alliswellthatendswell.

B.oneman’smeatisanotherman’spoison.C.nopains,nogains.

D.nosweetwithoutsweat.参考答案：B二、新的题型18.___47___.AccordingtoanewsurveybytheNationalSleepFoundation,51%ofkidsaged10to18gotobedat10pmorlateronschoolnights,eventhoughtheyhavetogetupearly.LastyeartheFoundationreportedthatnearly60%of7-to12-year-oldssaidtheyfelttiredduringtheday,and15%saidtheyhadfallenasleepatschool.____48____.Babiesneedalotofrest:mostofthemsleepabout18hoursaday!Adultsneedabouteighthours.Formostschool-agechildren,tenhoursisideal.ButthenewNationalSleepFoundationsurveyfoundthat35%of10-to12-year-oldsgetonlysevenoreighthours.Andguesswhatalmosthalfofthesurveyedkidssaidtheydobeforebedtime?WatchTV.“MorechildrenaregoingtobedwithTVson,andtherearemoreopportunitiestostayawake,withmorehomework,theInternetandthephone,”saysDr.MaryCarskadon,asleepresearcheratBrownUniversityMedicalSchool.Shesaystheseactivitiesatbedtimecangetkidsallexcitedandmakeithardforthemtocalmdownandsleep.___49___.Changinglevelsofbodychemicalscalledhormonesnotonlymaketeenagers’bodiesdevelopadultcharacteristics,butalsomakeithardforteenagerstofallasleepbefore11pm.Becausesleepinessissuchaproblemforteenagers,someschooldistrictshavedecidedtostarthighschoolclasseslaterthantheyusedto.___50___.Studentsparentsandteachersarepleasedwiththeresults.A.Howmuchsleepyouneeddependsalotonyourage.B.Otherexpertssaypartoftheproblemischemical.C.GettinglesssleephasbecomeabadhabitformostAmericankids.D.whathomeworkwaitingforkidsmightalwaysaffectsthemsleepwelleverynight.E.Raisingtheminimumsleepisidentifiedasakeywaytohelpsolvetheproblem.F.Threeyearsago,schoolsinEdina,Minnesota,changedthestarttimefrom7:25amto8:30am.参考答案：47.C

48.A

49.B

50.F这是一篇说明文。文章主要围绕一项关于美国孩子的睡眠习惯的调查研究展开，讲述了正常需要的睡眠时间，以及孩子们睡得晚的原因，以及一些学校采取的措施。【47题详解】根据段落结构，此处是选择本段主题句。根据本段讲述的：51%的10-18岁的美国孩子学习日睡得晚起得早，7-12岁的孩子中，60%白天会犯困，15%甚至在学校睡着，可知，本段主要讲述美国孩子睡眠不足的情况，故C.GettinglesssleephasbecomeabadhabitformostAmericankids.（睡得少已经成为大多数美国孩子的坏习惯）可以作为本段的主题句。故选C项。【48题详解】根据下文讲述的，婴儿需要大约18小时睡眠，学生需要10小时睡眠，成人需要8小时睡眠，与A.Howmuchsleepyouneeddependsalotonyourage.（你的睡眠时间由年龄决定）承接自然，符合逻辑。空格下文讲述的内容概括起来就是，不同年龄段的人需要的睡眠时间不一样。故选A项。【49题详解】B.Otherexpertssaypartoftheproblemischemical.（其他专家说化学物质可能是其中部分问题）与下文提到的，荷尔蒙这种化学物质水平的改变不仅让孩子身体发展出成年的特征，还让他们在晚上11点之前难以入睡，承接自然，符合语言逻辑。选项提到化学物质，下文解释这种化学物质会对孩子造成什么影响，即它所带来的问题。故选B项。【50题详解】空格前句，一些美国学区把上课时间延迟，与F.Threeyearsago,schoolsinEdina,Minnesota,changedthestarttimefrom7:25amto8:30am.（3年前，明尼苏达州，伊代纳地区的学校把上课时间从7：25延迟到8：30）承接自然，选项是举例说明上文所提到的把上课延迟的政策。故选F项。三、阅读理解19.Howdoesanecosystem（生态系统）work？Whatmakesthepopulationsofdifferentspeciesthewaytheyare？Whyaretheresomanyfliesandsofewwolves？Tofindananswer，scientistshavebuiltmathematicalmodelsoffoodwebs，notingwhoeatswhomandhowmucheachoneeats.Withsuchmodels，scientistshavefoundoutsomekeyprinciplesoperatinginfoodwebs.Mostfoodwebs，forinstance，consistofmanyweaklinksratherthanafewstrongones.Whenapredator（掠食动物）alwayseatshugenumbersofasingleprey（猎物），thetwospeciesarestronglylinked；whenapredatorlivesonvariousspecies，theyareweaklylinked.Foodwebsmaybedominatedbymanyweaklinksbecausethatarrangementismorestableoverthelongterm.Ifapredatorcaneatseveralspecies，itcansurvivetheextinction（灭绝）ofoneofthem.Andifapredatorcanmoveontoanotherspeciesthatiseasiertofindwhenapreyspeciesbecomesrare，theswitchallowstheoriginalpreytorecover.Theweaklinksmaythuskeepspeciesfromdrivingoneanothertoextinction.Mathematicalmodelshavealsorevealedthatfoodwebsmaybeunstable，wheresmallchangesoftoppredatorscanleadtobigeffectsthroughoutentireecosystems.Inthe1960s，scientistsproposedthatpredatorsatthetopofafoodwebhadasurprisingamountofcontroloverthesizeofpopulationsofotherspecies---includingspeciestheydidnotdirectlyattack.Andunplannedhumanactivitieshaveprovedtheideaoftop-downcontrolbytoppredatorstobetrue.Intheocean，wefishedfortoppredatorssuchascodonanindustrialscale，whileonland，wekilledofflargepredatorssuchaswolves.Theseactionshavegreatlyaffectedtheecologicalbalance.Scientistshavebuiltanearly-warningsystembasedonmathematicalmodels.Ideally，thesystemwouldtelluswhentoadapthumanactivitiesthatarepushinganecosystemtowardabreakdownorwouldevenallowustopullanecosystembackfromtheborderline.Preventioniskey，scientistssaysbecauseonceecosystemspasstheirtippingpoint（临界点），itisremarkablydifficultforthemtoreturn.46.Whathavescientistsdiscoveredwiththehelpofmathematicalmodelsoffoodwebs？A.Thelivinghabitsofspeciesinfoodwebs.B.Therulesgoverningfoodwebsoftheecosystems.C.Theapproachestostudyingthespeciesintheecosystems.D.Thedifferencesbetweenweakandstronglinksinfoodwebs.47.Astronglinkisfoundbetweentwospecieswhenapredator______A.hasawidefoodchoiceB.caneasilyfindnewpreyC.stickstoonepreyspeciesD.canquicklymovetoanotherplace48.Whatwillhappenifthepopulationsoftoppredatorsinafoodwebgreatlydecline？A.Thepreyspeciestheydirectlyattackwilldieout.B.Thespeciestheyindirectlyattackwillturnintotoppredators.C.Thelivingenvironmentofotherspecieswillremainunchanged.D.Thepopulationsofotherspecieswillexperienceunexpectedchanges.49.WhatconclusioncanbedrawnfromtheexamplesinParagraph4？A.Uncontrolledhumanactivitiesgreatlyupsetecosystems.B.Rapideconomicdevelopmentthreatensanimalhabitats.C.Speciesofcommercialvaluedominateotherspecies.D.Industrialactivitieshelpkeepfoodwebsstable.50.Howdoesanearly-warningsystemhelpusmaintaintheecologicalbalance？A.Bygettingillegalpracticesundercontrol.B.Bystoppingusfromkillinglargepredators.C.Bybringingthebroken-downecosystemsbacktonormal.D.Bysignalingtheurgentneedfortakingpreventiveaction.参考答案：46.B

47.C

48.D

49.A

50.D这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了借助食物网的数学模型，科学家们发现了一些在食物网运营的关键原则。科学家们说;因为一个生态系统越过了它的临界点，它们很难再回来。该系统将告诉我们何时适应人类活动，这些活动正将生态系统推向崩溃，或者甚至允许我们将生态系统从边缘拉回来，预防是关键。【46题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的Withsuchmodels,scientistshavefoundoutsomekeyprinciple