2024届山东省泰安市高三上学期期末考试英语和答案

试卷类型：A高三年级考试英语试题2024.01注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并收回。第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AHerearefourlesswell-knownsitesinBritain.TheGiant’sCausewayLocatedonthenortherncoastofIreland,theGiant’sCausewayisanaturalphenomenonthatconsistsofthousandsofinterlockingbasalt(玄武岩)columns.Thecolumnswereformedbyanancientvolcaniceruptionandnowcreateanunforgettablelandscapethatlookslikeapathbuiltbygiants.VisitorscanwalkalongtheCausewayandtakeinthebreathtakingviewsoftheAtlanticOcean.AveburyCircleAveburyCircleisaprehistoricstonecirclelocatedinWiltshire,England.ItisthelargeststonecircleinEurope,withstonesupto30feettall.ThecirclewascreatedbyNeolithicpeoplearound2500BCandisaprooftotheirengineeringskillsandculturalpractices.Visitorscanexplorethecircleandlearnmoreaboutthisancientmonumentthroughguidedtoursandexhibitions.DartmoorDartmoorisanationalparklocatedinDevon,England,andisoneofthemostunspoiled(未被破坏的)placesinthecountry.Theparkisfamousforitswide-openspaces,rockyoutcrops,andancientstonecircles.Visitorscanenjoyhiking,horsebackriding,andwildlifewatchinginDartmoor,whichisalsohometoanabundanceofDartmoorponies,foxes,andperegrinefalcons(游隼).TheMinackTheatreTheMinackTheatreisauniqueopen-airamphitheater(圆形露天剧场)locatedonthecliffsofCornwall,England.ItwascarvedoutoftherockfacebyRowenaCade,whotransformedhergardenintoatheaterforperformances.Today,visitorscanattendprofessionalproductionsattheMinackTheatre,whichoffersunforgettableviewsoftheAtlanticOceanandPorthcurnoBay.1.Wherecanyouhaveachancetowatchwildanimals?A.AveburyCircle.B.Dartmoor.C.TheGiant’sCauseway.D.TheMinackTheatre.2.Whichofthefollowingisafactpresentedinthepassage?A.Dartmoorhardlykeepsanoriginalstate.B.TheGiant’sCausewaywasbuiltbygiants.C.TheMinackTheatrewasnotintendedasatheatre.D.AveburyCircleisthelargeststonecircleintheworld.3.HowistheGiant’sCausewaydifferentfromtheothersites?A.ItislocatedinIreland.B.Ithasancientstonecircles.C.Visitorscanhaveacloseencounterwithit.D.VisitorscanenjoyviewsoftheAtlanticOcean.BWhenYuanQiureceivedhisadmissionletterfromSouthwesternUniversity,hesmiledbroadlyfromthewheelchairhe’susedforfiveyears.Thenheturnedtohismother,XieXianlian,andsawshequicklywipedtearsaway,pretendinghereyeswereblurredbysand.The18-year-oldyoungmanisfromapoor,ruralfamilyinChongqing.Hisfatherdiedoflungcancerwhenhewasachild.Yuanwasdiagnosedwithprogressivemusculardystrophy(肌肉萎缩症)whenhewasthreeyearsold.Hisolderbrother,whowasparalyzed(瘫痪),diedofthesamediseaseattheageof22.Afterlong-termmedication,Yuandecidedtostoptakingthemedicineduetoitshighcostandtherewasnosignhishealthwasgettingbetter.TheconditionworsenedasYuangrewolder.Hecouldonlywalkslowlyonflatgroundandreliedonotherstocarryhimupanddownstairs.Whenhewas14yearsold,hecouldnolongerstandupandhadtouseawheelchair.Atfirst,hismotherhesitatedbetweencontinuingYuan’seducationandsavingmoneyfortreatment.ButYuanwasdetermined.“ImustgotoschoolorIwillbeabsolutelyuseless,”hesaid.SoXiemadeapromisetoherself:“Iwillneverletmysondropout.”Toherrelief,Yuanwasalwayswillingtohelpherwithfarmworkasmuchashecould.Yuanandhismother’sperseverancemovedmanypeopleandalsowonthesupportofhisteachersandclassmates.“Heneveraskedformorebecauseofhisdisability,”oneofYuan’steacherssaid,“Hisstrongcharacteristicsunconsciouslyencouragedmeandthestudents.”Yuan’sstepfatheralsochangedhisattitudeafterseeingYuan’spersistenceandaspirationtostudyandgainknowledge.“Inevercomplaintohim,itisalossthattheydidn’tgetthechancetoread,”Yuansaid.Throughhisownefforts,Yuanscored670inthecollegeentranceexam.TheSouthwesternUniversitysaidtheywillarrangeajobforXie,soshecanbettertakecareofhersonwhileheisatuniversity.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“blurred”inParagraph1mean?A.Covered.B.Blocked.C.Indistinct.D.Invisible.5.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesYuan?A.Adaptableandindecisive.B.Persistentandsensitive.D.Diligentandconsiderate.C.Delicateandhard-working.6.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Yuan’sconditionimprovedwithlong-termmedication.B.Yuanalwayshasapositiveimpactonthepeoplearound.C.Diagnosedwithmusculardystrophy,Yuanwasparalyzed.D.Yuanandhisbrotherbothhadthesamedisease,butonlyherecovered.7.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.AnUnluckyMan’sLuckyLifeB.ARuralStudent’sJourneytoEducationC.AYoungManWhoReceivedHelpIsGratefulD.AYoungManinaWheelchairIsAdmittedtoUniversityCOverlookingtheBibliotecadegliAlberiisMilan’s“Vertical(垂直的)Forest”:tworesidentialtowerblocksbuiltin2014thatarecoveredin800trees,4,500shrubsand15,000plants.Ifthisforestwasplantedontheground,itwouldcover20,000m2—thesizeofthreeandahalffootballfields.Eachyearthetreeswillabsorb10,000tonsofCO2and57tonsofpollutants.Theyshouldalsoproduceabout900tonsofoxygen.Boeri’steamofarchitectssaystheplantswillalsodecreasetheaverageairtemperature,createnoisebarriersandboostbiodiversitybycreatingahabitatforbirds,insectsandsmallanimals.Itisnotjustphysicalwellbeingthatisaidedbylargegreenstructuresinourcities.TheteambehindSydney’s100mhigh“verticalgarden”claimsitisanewformof“livingarchitecture”thatremindsusof“therestorativeimpactthatnaturehasonoursouls”.Justhowrestorativelivingneartreesandplantsisforoursoulsisopentodebate;butstudiesinGermanyhavesuggestedthatitcanbeextremelybeneficialforourbrains.Scientistsexaminedbrainimagesequences(顺序)of341elderlyresidentsofBerlin,focusingparticularlyontheamygdala—thepartofthebrainthatcontrolsourfearresponsesandisresponsibleforstressandanxietydisorders.Theyfoundthattherewasstrongconnectionbetweenresidentslivingwithin1kmoftheforestsontheedgeofthecityandthosewiththehealthiestamygdala.Ahealthyamygdalameansbeinglesslikelytosufferfromthestressandanxietydisorderscontrolledbythispartofthebrain.Moodandanxietydisordersareupto56%higherinurbanenvironmentswhencomparedtorurallocations.Withtwo-thirdsoftheworld’spopulationpredictedtobelivingincitiesby2050,Milan’sVerticalForestmightshowtheworldawaytocreatehealthier,happierurbanspaces.8.WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytalkabout?A.Theareaofthecityforest.B.Thewayofbuildingcityforest.C.Thepositiveinfluenceonthecityforest.D.Theexpectedeffectofthecityforest.9.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstheVerticalForest?A.Favorable.B.Suspicious.C.Objective.D.Indifferent.10.StudiesinGermanyshowthat______.A.amygdalacontrolsourfearresponsesB.livingnearforestsisbeneficialforoursoulsC.peopleneartheforestsarelesslikelytofeelanxiousD.moreresidentswillliveinVerticalForestinthefuture11.Whichofthefollowingmaytheauthoragreewith?A.Citiesareturningsuitableforpeopletolivein.B.Thereisaworldwidefocusonhowtoimprovebiodiversity.C.Milan’sVerticalForestbecomesanexampleofurbanbiodiversity.D.TheVerticalForestcoversthesizeofthreeandahalffootballfields.DFoodshoppinghasbecomeadangerouspursuit.Ready-mealsarepackedwithsaltandpreservatives(防腐剂),breakfastcerealsaresweeterthanchocolatebars,andprocessedmeatsarepackedwithnitrite-preservatives,whichcanformharmfulcompoundswhencooked.Anewtermiscatchingontodescribethesenutritionalbadguys:ultra-processedfoods(UPFs).JusthowbadareUPFs,andwhatdotheydotous?Inhisnewbook,“Ultra-ProcessedPeople”,ChrisvanTulleken,adoctorandtelevisionpresenter,arguesthatUPFsdominatethefoodsupplyinrichcountries,andarealsocreepingintodietsinlow-andmiddle-incomecountries.TheconceptofUPFswasputforwardbyCarlosMonteiro,aBrazilianscientist,in2009.HisteamobservedthatalthoughpeopleinBrazilwerebuyinglesssugarandoil,ratesofobesityandtype-2diabetes(糖尿病)wererising.Thatwasbecausetheywereinsteadeatingmoresugar,fatsandadditivesinpackagedsnacksandpre-mademeals.UPFsoftengothroughmanycomplicatedindustrialprocesses.Thatdoesnotmakethemallunhealthy—asoya-basedmeatsubstitutecanbepartofabalancedmeal—butthefrequentconsumptionofUPFscausesaseriesofissues.Arguably,someUPFsaremorealiketoindustrialproductsthanfood.ThereisplentyofevidencelinkingmanyingredientsinUPFs,suchassugar,salt,andsaturatedfats(反式脂肪),tonegativehealthoutcomes.YetUPFsarecheap,tastyandabundant,andforthoseonatightbudgetoronspecificdiets,suchasvegan(严格素食主义者),thereareoftenfewavailablealternatives.ItispossibletoeatwellbyselectingtherightUPFs,suchaswhole-graincereals.GovernmentscientistsattheAmericangovernment’sAgriculturalResearchServiceshoweditwaspossibletobuildahealthydietwith91%ofcaloriesfromselectedUPFs.ButMarionNestle,aprofessorofnutritionatNewYorkUniversity,criticisedthestudy,sayingtheresearchershadaconflictofinterestthroughtheirlinkstothefoodindustry.Betterstaycautiousinthosetrickysupermarketwalkways.12.HowdoestheauthorintroducethetopicinParagraph1?A.Byanalyzingcertainreasons.B.Bycomparingdifferentviews.C.ByexplainingthetermofUPFs.13.WhatmakesUPFssobadforourhealth?A.Peopleareaddictedtothem.D.Byprovidingbackgroundinformation.B.UPFscontainnonutrition.C.Theyarepackedwithartificialflavors.D.Theyarecalorie-rich,andnutrient-poor.14.WhatdoestheauthorwanttosayaboutUPFs?A.AllUPFsarenothealthy.B.UPFsaregoodfornothing.D.UPFsarepartofready-meals.C.UPFsarenoteconomical.15.What’stheopinionofMarionNestle?A.AhealthydietcancertainlybebuiltfromUPFs.B.ThinktwicebeforechoosingUPFswhenshopping.C.There’sanassociationbetweenintakeofUPFsandcancer.D.Governmentscientistsrepresenttheinterestsofconsumers.第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Yourfamilymayhavespecialtraditions.Whethermakingcookies,walkingaroundtoenjoycolorfullights,orwatchingafavoriteholidaymovie,thesetraditionscanhelpyoufeelclosertothepeopleyoulove.howtogetstarted.16Here’sThinkaboutthetraditionsyourfamilyalreadyhas,thenwritethemdown.Askolderadultsinyourfamilywhattraditionstheyrememberparticipatinginaschildren.17Next,gatherthethoughtsyouandyourfamilymayhaveforbrand-newtraditions.coulddiscussmakingaspecialonce-a-yearouting,likegoingtoanicerestaurantorseeingashow.19Thinkaboutwhothosepeopleareinyourfamily.Theycanhelpyouwithcreatingthe“guestlist”for18Forinstance,youanyspecialfamilygathering,pickingadateandtime,andchoosingthesetting.Theycanalsohelpyouplanavideocallwithlovedoneswhomaylivefarawaybutstillwanttoshareinthefun.Celebratingtraditionsisagreatwaytocreatefamilymemoriesthatlastforever.Considertakingphotoswhileyou’respendingtimetogether.Ifyoutryanewtradition,taketimeafterwardtoreflectonit.Didyourfamilyenjoyit?Isthereanythingyouwoulddodifferentlynexttime?Thepointofatraditionistolikeitsomuchthatyouwanttodoitagain.20A.Addthoseideastoyourlist.B.Traditionscanbesupersimple.C.Therefore,keepupthetraditionsonceyouestablishthem.D.Youcanenjoyestablishedtraditionsorcreatenewonestogether.E.It’salsoOKtochangeitinawaythatworksbestforyourfamily.F.Manyfamilieshavememberswholovetobringeveryonetogether.G.Therecouldbesometheymighthaveforgottenbutmayenjoyreviving.第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Afewyearsago,mydaughtertraveledtoEurope.It’salwaysabitnerve-wracking(伤脑筋的)toputyourchildonaplaneheadingtoanewmanageher23successfully.Inherfirstcalltousaftersheouranxiety25untilMeghancalledinthemorning.LuckilyforMeghan,averyniceladynamedCarolhelpedherto26ahotelandcontacttheairportstafftofindherluggage.It27latersomeonehadtakenherluggagebymistake.21.ButMeghanisapretty22individual,andwebelievedthatshewould24,Meghantoldusthatherluggagehadbeenlost.Afterasleeplessnight,CarolarrivedbyplaneinMunichinthemiddleofthenight.ShewasalawprofessorfromCalifornia.ShethatMeghanwasayoungcollegestudenttraveling29andwasnowinastrangecitywheresheknewnoone.Beingamotherofgrownchildren,whohad,intheirtravels,neededtorelyonthe30ofstrangers,Carolstepped2831tohelp.WethenputthroughCarol’snumberandexpressedour32.WediscoveredthatCarolhadherGermanheritage,andwasteachinginGermanyto33withherGermanroots.I’mgratefultoCarolforhelpingourdaughteroutinsucha(n)arenewtoourcommunity.34situation.I’lltrytobe35towaystoassisttravelersandhelppeoplewho21.A.school22.A.capable23.A.budgets24.A.leftB.companyB.positiveB.feelingsB.landedC.positionC.generousD.destinationD.enthusiasticD.behaviorsD.returnedC.connectionsC.boarded25.A.reduced26.A.callat27.A.turnedout28.A.knew29.A.alone30.A.company31.A.byB.mountedB.checkupB.foundoutB.heardC.emergedC.calloffD.disappearedD.checkinC.figuredoutC.recognizedC.regularlyC.sympathyC.awayD.madeoutD.predictedD.lonelyB.aroundB.kindnessB.asideD.encouragementD.forward32.A.gratitude33.A.dealB.complaintB.reuniteB.dangerousB.openC.satisfactionC.reconnectC.undefinedC.accustomedD.happinessD.correspondD.awkwardD.conservative34.A.urgent35.A.loyal第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheShanghaiOperaHousegaveapreviewonAug25ofitsupcomingproductionTheNinthYearofYonghe,36(celebrate)piecesofcalligraphyinChinesehistory,LantingjiXu,hasbeendirectedbyWangYabin.LastweektheoperahouseinvitedmembersofthemediatoateapartyatShenYuan,a38(tradition)Chinesegardeninthewillpremiere(首映)attheShanghaiGrandTheatre.Theproduction,inspiredbyoneofthemost37ExpoCulturePark,“WangXizhi3940(watch)theperformance.(keep)geeseinapondinhisbackyardtoobservetheirpostureandmovement,”says41(say)thattheelegantwaythey(skillful)thegracefulcurveoftheirneckstoproduceDingShenyang,chairmanoftheShanghaiCalligraphers’Association.“Itfloatedonthewaterinspiredhim,andheborrowed42someofhisstrokes(笔画).”“43Yabin.“Wefocusedonthecreativeprocessofthismasterpieceofcalligraphy.”“WetriedtopresentthementalworldofWangXizhi,hisvisionoftheworld,44howhefoundupliftingpowerbyplacinghimselfbetweenheavenandearth45partofnature,”sheadds.(create)thisproductionwasamostenjoyablejourney,”saystheshow’schoreographer(编舞),Wang第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)用英语写一段反馈意见，内容包括；1.分析此做法的利与弊；2.提出建议。注意：1.词数80词左右；2.题目已给出。MyFeedback__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。ProfessionalexplorerLeoHouldingisnostrangertoclimbing.He’sbeendoingitsincehewas10yearsoldandhasmademanyexpeditionsacrosstheglobeincludingtotheverytopofMt.Qomolangma,remoteArcticandAntarcticpeaks,YosemiteValley,andjunglesofSouthAmerica.In2020,Leodecidedtocelebratehis40thbirthdaybyshowinghistwochildren,JacksonandFreya,andwifeJessica,whathelovesmost:climbingcoolmountainsandexploringnewlands.Thefamilywouldspendfourdaystogetherclimbingthenorthridge(山脊)ofPizBadile(巴迪莱峰),partofthepicturesqueAlpsontheborderofSwitzerlandandItaly.TheirdestinationwasthetopofPizBadile,withnearly11,000feettall.ThefamilyhavepreviouslyclimbedafewothermountainsinEuropebutthePizBadileclimbwasharderthantheonestheyclimbed.In2019,LeoandJessica,togetherwiththeirkidsFreyaandJacksonwhowereonlysixandtwoseparatelyatthetime,skieddownLesGrandesPlatiersinFlaineunassistedandunsupported.Leoreportedthiswasoneofhisfamilylifegoals.However,Freyawasn’tthatconfidentasexpectedthistime.SoJessicadecidedtoencourageherbytellingtheirdad’sstory.TheirdadLeogrewupintheLakes,amountainousregioninNorthWestEngland,andstartedrockclimbingattheageof10.BythetimeLeowas16hehadbecometheBritishJuniorIndoorClimbingChampion.Whenhewasonly18,LeolandedinYosemiteValleywiththesimilarlyyouthfulPatchHammondandmadealandmarkascent(攀登).Leoisbraveandnevergivesupinthefaceofdifficulty.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Paragraph1:Freyawasmovedandinspiredbytheirdad’sstory.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________