大学英语四级词汇阅读练习题及答案

大学英语四级词汇阅读练习题及答案2015年大学英语四级词汇阅读练习题及答案练习(1)Socialcustomsandwaysofbehavingchange.Thingswhichwereconsideredimpolitemanyyearsagoarenowacceptable.Justafewyearsago,itwasconsideredimpolitebehaviourforamantosmokeonstreet.Nomanwhothoughtofhimselfbysmokingwhenaladywasinaroom.Customsalsodifferfromcountrytocountry.Doesamanwalkontheleftortherightofawomaninyourcountry?Ordoesn'titmatter?Shouldyouusebothhandswhenyouareeating?Shouldleaveoneinyourlap,oronthetable?TheAmericansandtheBritishnotonlyspeakthesamelanguagebutalsosharealargenumberofsocialcustoms.Forexample,inbothAmericaandEnglandpeopleshakehandswhentheymeeteachotherforthefirsttime.Also,mostEnglishmenwillopenadoorforawonmanoroffertheirseattoawoman,andsowillmostAmericans.PromptnessisimportantbothinEnglandandinAmerica.Thatis,ifadinnerinvitationisfor7o'clock,thedinnerguesteitherarrivesclosetothattimeorcallsuptoexplainhisdelay.Theimportantthingtorememberaboutsocialcustomsisnottodoanythingthatmightmakeotherpeoplefeeluncomfortable-----especiallyiftheyareyourguests.Whenthefoodwasserved,oneoftheguestsstratedtoeathispeaswithaknife.Theotherguestswereamusedorshocked,butthehostcalmlypickeduphisknifeandbeganeatinginthesameway.Itwouldhavebeenbadmannerstomakehisguestfeelfoolishoruncomfortable.1.Ifonehasacceptedadinnerinvitation,whatshouldhedoifheistobelateforthedinner?a.Heshouldfindanexcuseb.Heshouldadkforexcuse.c.Heshouldsaysorryd.Heshouldtelephonetoexplainhisbeinglate.2."Itwouldhavebeenbadmannerstomakehisguestsfeelfoolishoruncomfortable.""Badmanners"means________.a.uglyb.dishonestc.impolited.shameful3.whichofthefollowingdoyouthinkisthebesttiltleforthispassage?a.SocialCustomsandCustomsb.SocialLifec.AmericanandBritishCustomsd.PromptnessIsImportant4.Accordingtothetext,thebesthost_______.a.trieshisbesttomakehisguestsfeelcomfortableb.makeshisguestsfeelexcitedc.triestoavoidbeingnaughtytohisguestsd.triestoavoidbeingfoolish5.Theauthorofthisarticlemayagreewithwhichofthefollowing?a.Theguestwhoatehispeaswithaknifeb.Theotherguestswhowereamusedorshockedc.Thehostwhopickeduphisknifeandbeganeatinginthesamewayd.Noneoftheabove答案：DCAAC练习(2)Inthe1960s,manyyoungAmericansweredissatisfiedwithAmericansociety.TheywantedtoendtheVietnamWarandtomakeallofthepeopleintheU.S.epual.Someofthemdecidedto"dropout"ofAmericansocietyandformtheirownsocieties.Theyformedutopiancommunities,whichtheycalled"communes,"wheretheycouldfollowtheirphilosophyof"doyourownthing."AgroupofartistsfoundedacommuneinsouthernColoradocalled"DropCity."FollowingtheideasofphilosopherandarchitectBuckminsterFullertheybuiltdomeshapedhousesfrompiecesofoldcars.Othergroups,suchasauthorKenKesey'sMerryPranksters,thefollowersfoSanFranciscopoetSteveGakin,andagroupthatcalleditselftheHogFarm,livedinoldschoolhusesandtraveledaroundtheUnitedStates.TheHogFarmbecomefamouswhentheyhelpedorganizetheWoodstockRockFestivalin1969.SteveGaskin'sfollowerstriedtosettledownonafarminTennessee,buttheyhadtoleavewhensomemembersofthegruopwerearrestedforgrowingmarijuana.Notallcommunesbelievedinthephilosophyof"doyouownthing,"however.TwinOaks,acommunefoundedinVirgianiainthelate1960s,wasbasedontheideasofpsychologistB.F.Skinner.ThepeoplewholivedatTwinOakswerecarefullycontrolledbySkinner's"conditioning"techniquestodothingsthatweregoodforthecommunity.In1972,ItalianarchitectPaoloSoleribegantobuildArcosanti,autopiancityArizsonawhere2500peoplewilllivecloselytogetherinonelargebuildingcalledan"archology"Soleribelievesthatpeoplemustlivecloselytogethersothattheywillallbecomeone.1.WhydidsomeyoungAmericansdecideto"dropout"ofscoietyduringthe1960s?a.TheywerenotsatisfiedwithAmericansociety.b.Theywantedtogrowmarijuana.c.TheywantedtogototheVietnamWar.d.Theydidnotwantallpeopletobeequal.2.WheredidthemembersoftheHogFarmcommunelive?a.Indome-shapedhouseb.Inoldschoolhusesc.OnafarminTennesseed.InanarchologyinArizona3.WhogavethepeopleofDropCitytheideatobuliddome-shapedhouse?a.PaoloSolerib.B.G.Skinnerc.SteveGaskind.BuckminsterFuller4.WhatwastheTwinOakscommunebaseon?a.Thephilosophyof"doyourownthing"b.Virginaiainthelate1960sc.Theideasofpsychologistd.Thebeliefthatpeoplemustlivecloselytogerher.5.Whatisan"archology"?a.Apersonwhostudiesarchaeologyb.Alargebuildingwherepeoplelivecloselytogetherc.AcityinArizonad.Atechniquetocontorlpeople答案：ABDCB练习(3)Asshewalkedroundthehugedepartmentstore,EdithreflectedhowdifficultitwastochooseasuitableChristmaspresentforherfather.Shewishthathewasaseasytopleaseashermother,whowasalwaysdelightedwithperfumeBesides,shoppongatthistimeoftheyearwasamostdisgreeableexperience:peopletrodonyourtoes,pokedyouwiththeirelbowsandalmostknockedyouoverintheirhastetogettoabargainaheadofyou.Partlytohavearest,Edithpausedinfrontofacounterwheresomeattracivetieswereondisplay."Theyarerealsilk,"theassistantassuredher,tryingtotempther."Worthdoubletheprice."Buteditknewfrompastexperiencethatherchoiceoftieshardlyeverpleasedherfather.Shemovedonreluctantlyandthenquitebychance,stoppedwhereasmallcrowdofmanhadgatheredroundacounter.Shefoundsomegoodqualitypipesonsale-----andthepriceswereveryreasonable.Edithdidnothesitateforlong:althoughherfatheronlysmokedapipeoccasionally,sheknewthatthiswasapresentwhichwasbundtopleasehim.Whenshegothome,withhersmallwell-chosenpresentconcealedinherhandbag,herparentswerealreadyatthesuppertable.Hermotherwasinanespeciallycheerfulmood,"Yourfatherhasatlasttodecidedtostopsmoking."Sheinformedherdaughter.1.Edith'sfather_______.a.didnotlikepresentb.nevergotpresentc.preferredtiesd.wasdifficulttochooseapresentfor2.TheassistantspoketoEdithbecausesheseemed_______.erestedintiesc.tiredd.inneedofcomfort3.Edithstoppedatthenextcounter_________.a.puroselyb.suddenlyc.unwillinglyd.accidentally4.Edith'sfathersmokedapipe_______.a.whenhewasobligedb.onsocialoccasionsc.fromtimetotimed.whenhewasdelighted5.Shoppingwasverydisagreeableatthattimeoftheyearbecause_______.a.coustomerstrodoneachother'stoesb.coustomerspokedeachotherwiththeirelbowsc.customersknockedeachotherd.customersweredoingtheirshoppinginagreathurry答案：DBDCB练习(4)Asthepaceoflifecontinuestoincrease,wearefastlosingtheartofrelaxation.Onceyouareinthehabitofrushingthroughlift,beingonthegofrommorningtillnight,itishardtoslowdown.Butrelaxationisessentialforahealthymindandbody.Stressisannaturalpartofeverydayliftandthereisnowaytoavoidit.Infact,itisnotthebadthingitisoftensupposedtobe.Acertainamountofstressisvitaltoprovidemotivationadngivepurposetolife.Itisonlywhenthestressgetsoutofcontrolthatitcanleadtopoorperformanceandillhealth.Theamountofstressapersoncanwithstanddependsverymuchontheindividual.Somepeoplearenotafraidofstress,andsuchcharactersareobviouslyprimematerialformanagerialresponsibilities.Othersloseheartatthefirstsignsofunusualdifficulties.Whenexposedtostress,inwhateverform,wereactbothchemicallyandphysically.Infactwemakechoicebetween"fight"or"flight"andinmoreprimitivedaysthechoicemadethedifferencebetweenlifeordeath.Thecriseswemeettodayareunlikelytobesoextreme,buthoweverlittlethestress,itinvolvesthesameresponse.Itiswhensuchareactionlastslong,throughcontinuedexposuretostress,thathealthbecomesendangered.Suchseriousconditionsashighbloodpressureandheartdiseasehaveestablishedlinkswithstress.Sincewecannotremovestressfromourlives(itwouldbeunwisetodosoevenifwecould),weneedtofindwaystodealwithit.1.Peoplearefindinglessandlesstimeforrelaxingthemselvesbecause_____.a.theydonotknowhowtoenjoythemselvesb.theydonotbelievethatrelaxationisimportantforhealthc.theyaretravellingfastallthetimed.theyarebecomingbusierwiththeirwork2.Accordingtothewriter,themostimportantcharacterforagoodmanagerishis________.a.notfearingstressb.knowingtheartofrelaxationc.highsenseofresponsibilityd.havingcontroloverperformance3.Whichofthefollwingstatementsisture?a.Wecanfindsomewaystoavoidstressb.Stressisalwaysharmfultopeoplec.Itiseasytochangethehagitofkeepingoneselfbusywithwork.d.Differentpeoplecanwithstanddifferentamountsofstress4.InParagraph3,"suchareaction"refersbackto_______.a."makingachoicebetween'flight'or'fight'"b."reactiontostressbothchemicallyandphysically"c."respondingtocrisesquickly"d."losingheartatthesignsdifficulties"5.Inthelastsentenceofthepassage,"doso"refersto______.a."exposeourselvestostress"b."findwaystodealwithstress"c."removestressfromourlives"d."establishedlinksbetweendiseasesandstress"答案：DADBC练习(5)Today,asineveryotherdayoftheyear,morethan3000U.S.adlescentswillsmoketheirfirstcigaretteontheirwaytobecomingregularsmokersasadults.Duringtheirlifetime,itcanbeexpectedthatofthese3000about23willbemurdered,30willdieintrafficaccidents,andnearly750willbekilledbyasmoking-relateddisease.Thenumberofdeathsattributedtocigarettesmokingoutweithtsallotherfactors,whethervoluntaryorinvoluntary,asacauseofdeath.Sincethelate1970s,whendailysmokingamonghighschoolseniorsreached30precent,smokingratesamongyouthhavedeclined.Whilethedeclineisimpressive,severalimportantissuesmustberaised.First,inthepastseveralyears,smokingratesamongyouthhavedeclinedverylittle.Second,inthelate1970s,smokingamongmalehighschoolseniorsexceededthatamongfemalebynearly10percent.Thestatisticisreversing.Third,severalrecentstudieshaveindicatehighschooldropoutshaveexcessivelyhighsmokingrates,asmuchas75percent.Finally,thouthsignificantdeclinesina