东华大学外语学院211翻译硕士英语专业硕士历年考研真题及详解合集

目录2011年东华大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2012年东华大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2013年东华大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2014年东华大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解2016年东华大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解

2011年东华大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解PartI.Vocabularyandstructure0.5%*20=10%Directions:Eachofthefollowingsentencesisfollowedbyfourchoices.Choosetheonethatbestcompletesthesentence.Then,markyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.1．There_____newproblemsintherelationshipbetweenthetwocountriesintherecentyears.A.roseB.raisedC.liftedD.arose【答案】D【解析】句意：近些年两国关系出现了新问题。本句实际上是倒装句，倒装前的句子为newproblems____therein...。可看出该句没有宾语，因此应填一不及物动词。arise为不及物动词，发生，出现，符合句意。raise、lift为及物动词，故不选。rise是不及物动词，但其意思是上升；站起身，故不合句意。2．Hishealth_____asheatetoolittleandworkedtoohardformonthsonend.A.brokeupB.brokethroughC.brokedownD.brokeoff

【答案】C【解析】句意：他由于连续几个月不怎么吃饭加上工作太拼，身体状况直转急下。breakdown被搞垮；垮掉。breakup破裂。breakthrough突破。breakoff突然中止；突然停顿。3．Afterthemeeting-theworkerswentbacktotheir_____workshops.A.respectableB.respectiveC.respectfulD.respected【答案】B【解析】句意：会议过后，工人们回到了各自的工厂。respective各自的。respectable可敬的。respectful表示尊敬的。respected受尊敬的。4．HisanswerwassoconfusedthatIcouldhardlymakeany_____ofitatall.A.recognitionB.meaningC.intelligenceD.sense【答案】D【解析】句意：他的回答太模糊不清了，我一点儿都理解不了。makesenseofsth理解，弄懂……。5．Insomebadcoldwinter,herfingerswerebittenbythe_____.

A.iceB.frostC.coldnessD.freezing【答案】B【解析】句意：在一些大冷天，她的手指被冻伤了。frost霜。bitten是bite的过去分词，bite有“（寒风等）刺骨，使感到刺痛，刺痛，刺伤；（严寒）冻伤，冻疼，冻坏”的意思。用frost较为具体。6．The_____ofinsuranceisstipulatedinthebasicpolicyformandinthevariousriskclauses.A.rangeB.extentC.coverD.including【答案】B【解析】句意：保险的范围写在基本保险单和各种险别的条款里。extentofinsurance是保险业中的习惯表达，表示保险范围。7．Itiswell-knownthattheretiredworkersinourcountryare_____freemedicalcare.A.involvedB.associatedwithC.entitledto

D.assignedto【答案】C【解析】句意：众所周知，我国的退休职工享有免费医疗的待遇。beentitledto给予…权利；给予…资格。8．Traveler’scheckisnot_____untiltheyarecountersigned.A.validB.effectiveC.affectiveD.impassive【答案】A【解析】句意：旅行支票只有会签后才有效。countersign会签，联署。valid有效的，指有有效期限的东西，如护照、签证、合同等。而effective指的是效率。affective情感的。impassive喜怒不形于色的，不露感情的。9．Thefeatureofthe_____video-gamemachineproducedbyourfactoryisthatitisofmultilevelandmultifunction.A.electricB.electronicC.electricalD.electrified【答案】B【解析】句意：我们工厂生产的电子游戏机的特点是多层次和多功能。electronic电子的，形容电子设备、装置。electric电的，用电的，带电

的，指任何电动的或发电的装置。electrical与电有关的，电学的。电子游戏机是电子装置，故用electronic。10．Itisalarge-_____danceplayedduringtheSpringFestivalorotherfestivalsorholidays.A.scaleB.rangeC.holdD.period【答案】A【解析】句意：这是一场大规模的舞蹈演出，是在春节或其他节假日时表演。large-scale大规模的。11．Weareconfidentthatwecanreachthatgoalaheadof_____.A.timeB.scheduleC.timetableD.arrangement【答案】B【解析】句意：我门有信心提前完成任务。schedule日程表，日程安排。schedule强调的是计划的时间，而且是事件的大概时间。timetable本身没有计划的意思，可以是一些固定的时间表，如火车运行时刻表。本句强调的是日程安排，而不是固定的时间。12．Althoughwearehungry,we_____theenemy'sinvitationforfood.A.decline

B.requireC.rejectD.refuse【答案】A【解析】句意：虽然很饿，但我们还是委婉拒绝了对手吃饭的邀约。reject一般指否决、不予接受（建议，提议，想法和要求等），是很直接地拒绝。decline表示婉拒。对别人的邀请用decline表示婉拒较为恰当。13．Allflights_____becauseoftheheavyfog,theydecidedtochangetheirschedule.A.hadbeencanceledB.werecanceledC.havingbeencanceledD.havebeencanceled【答案】C【解析】句意：由于浓雾所有航班都被取消了，因此他们决定改变行程。本句已有主谓宾，缺非谓语动词，故A、B、D三项均可排除。14．Jeandoesn’twanttoworkrightawaybecauseshethinksifshe_____ajobsheprobablywouldn’tbeabletoseeherfriendsveryoften.A.hastogetB.weretogetC.hadgotD.couldhavegot

【答案】B【解析】句意：简不想马上工作，因为她觉得一工作很可能就没有办法和朋友经常见面了。本题考查虚拟语气中对将来的虚拟。对将来虚拟，从句有三种形式①if+主语+weretodo。②if+主语+should+do。③if+主语+过去式（be动词用were）。根据句意，本句是对将来的虚拟。填weretoget或shouldget或got。15．Sheranbacktothekitchen,eggs_____carefullyinherhands.A.holdingB.tobeheldC.wereheldD.held【答案】D【解析】句意：她小心地捧着鸡蛋跑回厨房。非谓语hold与其逻辑主语egg是被动关系，故用过去分词形式，故A错误。tobeheld表将来，与句意不符。本句已有谓语，故C错误。16．Manylaborunionsalsohavespecialfunds_____workerscanreceivemonthlycheckswhentheyretireoriftheybecomedisabledandcannotwork.A.inthatB.fromwhichC.incaseD.inwhich【答案】B【解析】句意：许多工会会拨出专项资金给退休工人或是身体变残疾、无法再工作的工人。funds后定语从句修饰funds，工人从资金中受到补

贴，故用fromwhich。17．Thestudentsseldomwashtheirownclothes,_____theyhelptheirparentsdosomehousework.A.ratherthandoB.muchlessdoC.muchmoredoD.muchless【答案】B【解析】句意：这些学生很少自己洗衣服，更不用说帮父母做家务了。muchless更不用说。它引导从句使用部分倒装，要把助动词放到主语之前。18．Myhometownhaschangedalot.Indoesn’tlooklike_____.A.theoneoftenyearsagoB.theoneoftenyearsC.onetenyearsagoD.onefromtenyears【答案】A【解析】句意：我的家乡发生了很大变化，不像十年前的样子了。十年前tenyearsago，ago不能省略。one表示泛指，应用theone特指十年前的家乡。19．_____heunwrappedthefoodthecatmewedhungrilyagainsthim.A.while

B.whenC.whereD.what【答案】A【解析】句意：当他打开食物时，猫儿馋得朝他喵喵叫起来。when是atorduringthetimethat,既指时间点,也可指一段时间。while是duringthetimethat，只指一段时间，因此when引导的时间状语从句中的动词可以是终止性动词，也可以是延续性动词，而while从句中的动词必须是延续性动词。当他打开食物的同时，猫咪朝他叫，强调的是打开食物的过程，用while更为合适。20．Althoughthescientistshavemadegreatprogressintheirresearch,therearestillalargeamountofcalculationremain_____.A.doingB.doC.todoD.tobedone【答案】D【解析】句意：尽管科学家们的研究取得了很大进展，但仍有大量计算任务尚未完成。remaintobedone表示有待要做的事情，动作尚未发生，如：Alotofmachinesremainedtoberepaired（机器尚未修理）。PartII.Blankfilling0.5*10=5%Directions:Fillintheblanksinthefollowingsentenceswithanappropriateprepositionoradverb.FillineachblankwithonlyONEword.21．WhenIgotmycaseback,ithadbeendamaged_____repair.

【答案】beyond【解析】句意：当我拿回箱子时，箱子已经完全没法修复了。above在……上边。beyond范围、限度的超出。over在正上方、越过。further距离、时间上更远。beyondrepair表示已经难以修复了。22．Iftheraindoesn’tstop,peoplewillbefaced_____seriousflooding.【答案】with【解析】句意：如果雨一直不停的话，人们会面临一场严重的洪灾。befacedwith面对，面临。23．Yoursurveywillindicatehowmuchmoneyyouwillhavetoset_____foryourpurpose.【答案】aside【解析】句意：通过调查你会知道你为实现目标需要支出的费用。setaside...for...留出……用于……。24．Mypoorhusband,whowantedonlytohelp,ended_____astheirvictim.【答案】up【解析】句意：我可怜的丈夫，本来只是想帮忙，却成了受害者。endup结束，最终。25．Thesearchforefficiencyandcost-cuttingmeasureshasresulted_____greatercentralization.【答案】in【解析】句意：对效率的追求和削减成本措施的实行导致了权力的高度集中。resultin导致，结果是。26．Motherismuchbetternow,thankyou,she’sabletoget_____abitmore.

【答案】around【解析】句意：谢谢您，我妈妈现在身体好多了，能够多到处走动了。getaround随意走走。27．Plentyofmysterieshavelastedforcenturiesandfinallyyielded_____explanation.【答案】to【解析】句意：许多持续了数百年的谜团最终得到了破解。yieldto被…替代；为…所取代。28．Theyarguedthathiseconomicandpoliticalpolicieswere_____oftunewithAmericanvalues.【答案】out【解析】句意：他们认为他的经济和政治政策与美国的价值观不相符。outoftunewith不一致。29．Theescapeescameoutofthewoodswiththeirhands_____topoftheirheads.【答案】on【解析】句意：越狱者从树林中出来，双手抱头。ontopof在……的顶端上。30．Thescientistsarestillworking_____inventingnewmethodsofreachingouterspace.【答案】on【解析】句意：科学家们仍在研究到达外太空的新方法。workon努力改善（或完成）。PartIII.Errorchecking0.5*10=5%

Directions:EachofthefollowingsentenceshasfourunderlinedpartsmarkedA,B,CandD.Identifytheonethatisnotcorrect.Then,markyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.31．Thenationalparksareveryimportantforpreservemanyanimals,whowouldruntheriskofdyingout.A.forpreserveB.whoC.runD.dyingout【答案】A【解析】介词后跟动词，动词要变为ing形式。因此preserve应改为preserving。32．Hewastoldthatifhehadbeenaboyorthefamilyhadbeenricher,hewouldhaveabetterchance.A.ifhehadbeenB.hadbeenC.wouldhaveD.chance【答案】C【解析】从if后从句had+动词过去分词来看，此处表示的是对过去的虚拟。因此主句用wouldhavedone的形式。C处应改为wouldhavehad。33．OneoftheimportantcharacteristicsofMexico’spopulationsince1940havebeentherapidrateofnaturalincrease.

A.characteristicsB.sinceC.haveD.rate【答案】C【解析】主语是oneof...，是单数，因此谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。have应改为has。34．Thisgrowthrateisareflectionoftheimprovinghealthcarestandardsthatwereintroducedbeginningin1940.A.reflectionB.improvingC.thatD.in【答案】B【解析】improve与healthcarestandards是被动关系，用过去分词形式，表示已经提高的医疗标准。医疗标准已在1940年引入，说明采用了别国或别处的高医疗标准，是已完成的事，因此不能用ing形式，ing形式表示“正在提高”。improving应改为improved。35．Thetechnologyofmodernmasscommunicationresultinmanytypesofinventionsanddiscoveries.A.communicationB.resultinC.inventions

D.discoveries【答案】B【解析】句意：现代大众通讯技术的出现得益于许多类型的发明创造。resultin表示造成，结果是……。根据句意，“发明创造”是“大众通讯技术出现”的原因，用resultfrom，表示是……的结果。因此此处in应改为from。36．Technologicalwondershavemadethempossibleformasscommunicationtosatisfythewidespreadneedsforpopular,readingmaterials.A.TechnologicalB.themC.widespreadneedsD.readingmaterials【答案】B【解析】当句子中的宾语是不定式（todo）、动名词（动词-ing形式）或从句时，宾语会很长，为保持句子平衡，可用it作形式宾语，把真正的宾语移到句尾。them不能做形式宾语。此处it指代tosatisfythewidespread...materials。此处them应改为it。37．Greatasistheenergyofthesun,wehavenotfoundaneffectivewaytomakeuseofitinindustry.A.asistheenergyofthesunB.foundC.effectiveD.tomake

【答案】A【解析】as引导让步状语从句时，句子的倒装语序有三种形式。1）名词/副词+as+主语+谓语。如：Richasheis,heisnothappy.2）名词（不加冠词）+as+主语+be动词。如：Childasheis,heismature.3）实意动词+as+主语+助动词。如：Tryasshemay,shestillcouldn’topenthedoor.本题采用的是第一种形式，因此谓语is应放在theenergyofthesun之后。38．Idon’tseewhyIshouldlookforwardtosittinginanarmchairanddonothingjustbecauseIamoversixty.A.seeB.shouldC.donothingD.justbecause【答案】C【解析】lookforwardtodoingsth.期待做某事。and引导的是两个并列动词，因此形式应当一致。do应改为doing。39．Thegirlsweresorrytomissthesingerswhentheyarrivedattheairport.A.wereB.tomissC.whenD.arrived【答案】B【解析】todo和tohavedone都是动词不定式形式，在句子里都用作非谓语动词表达。但是todo指的是尚未发生的动作，tohavedone则表达已经发生的动作，或者已有结果的行为。女孩们到达机场时，歌手已经离

开了，说明她们已经错过了歌手。miss应改为havemissed。40．Mapshavelines,words,symbolicandcolorsthatshowthedistributionandarrangementoftheEarth’sgeographicalfeatures.A.symbolicB.showC.distributionD.arrangement【答案】A【解析】地图上有标志，应用名词symbols，与lines，words，colors并列。symbolic应改为symbols。PartIV.Cloze0.5%*30=15%SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninthewordbank.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonyourAnswerSheet.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Anewscienceandengineeringfirstdegree41attheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)ishelpingpreparestudentstobecomeleaders42ofimaginganddirectingchangeinlocal,national,andglobalcommunities.Threeyearsago,MITworkedwithLeadership,Inc.to43theinstitute-basedLeaderShapeInstitute.Programleaders-callit“aseriousandcreative44totoday’sbasicchallenges”todevelopstudentsandengineerswhoarepreparedto“leadwithintegrity”bothintechnological45andinsociety.Centraltotheeffortishelpingstudentstolearntolistentosocietyasitarticulates(表达)itsneedforchange.Forthepastthreesummers,theLeaderShapeInstitutehas46120MITscienceandengineeringstudentswithathoroughsix-dayexperiencefeaturinghighlyinteractiveteachingandlearningmethodologies47theprogram,studentsdevelopskillsinproblemidentificationandproblemsolving,professionalmorals,decision-making,dealingwithuncertainty,workingwithina48community,andrelationshipcommunication.Mostdiscussionsandactivitiestakeplaceinassignedsmall“groups”whichprovidesupportive,safeenvironmentsthatpromotelearninganddevelopnewskillsand49.Eachparticipantcreatesandindividualplanofactioncalleda“vision’’whichisamain50oftheLeaderShapecurriculum.Eachvisionmustbedesignedtobringpositivechangetotheinstitutecommunity,anditmustbecarriedoutduringthefollowingschoolyear.【答案与解析】41．F本文讲的是麻省理工学院的一个领导人项目，项目学生是理工科学生。42．Cbecapableofdoing有能力做某事。43．I麻省理工学院与一公司合作创立的项目。故用create，创造，创建。44．L项目领导说这个项目是“面对当今挑战的认真、有创造力的回应”。responseto对……的回应。45．G该项目是要培养学生的领导力，不仅仅是在科学领域。故用fields。46．Mprovide...with...为某人提供某物。

47．Kthroughout从头到尾；贯穿。互动性的教学法贯穿项目始终。48．N此处需要形容词来修饰名词community，观察选项只有diverse一词较为符合。diversecommunity多元化的群体。49．D在小团队内，可以学到新的技能，形成新的态度或看法。50．Bvision是该项目课程的特点，即要学生提出对社区进行有利变革的方案。SectionBDirections:Eachblankinthefollowingpassageisprovidedwithfourpossiblechoices.Readthewholepassageandchoosethebestanswerforeachblank.Then,markyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.It’sanannualback-to-schoolroutineforparents.Onemorningyouwaveyourchildgoodbye,andthat51eveningyou’reburningthelate-nightoilinsympathy.Intheracetoimproveeducationalstandards,52arethrowingthebooksatkids.53elementaryschoolstudentsarecomplainingofhomework54.What’sawell-meaningparenttogo?Ashardas55maybe,sitbackandchill,expertsadvise.Thoughyou’vegottogetthemtodoit,56helpingtoomuch,orevenexamining57toocarefully,youmaykeepthem58doingitbythemselves.“Iwouldn’tadviseaparenttocheckevery59assignment,sayspsychologistJohnRosemond,authorofEndingtheToughHomework.’’There’sa60of.appreciationfortrialanderror.Letyourchildren61thegradetheydeserve.Manyexpertsbelieveparentsshouldgentlylookovertheworkofyoungerchildrenandaskthemtorethinktheir62.But“youdon’twantthemtofeelithastobe63,”shesays.That’snottosayparentsshould64homeworkfirst,theyshouldmonitorhowmuchhomeworktheirkids65Thirtyminutesadayintheearlyelementaryyearsandanhourin66four,five,andsixisstandard,saysRosemond.Forjunior-highstudentsitshouldbe67morethananhour

andahalf,andtwoforhigh-schoolstudents.Ifyourchild68hasmorehomeworkthanthis,youmaywanttocheck69otherparentsandthentalktotheteacherabout70assignments.51．A.veryB.exactC.rightD.usual52．A.officialsB.parentsC.expertsD.schools53．A.AlsoB.EvenC.ThenD.However54．A.fatigueB.confusionC.dutyD.puzzle55．A.thereB.we

C.theyD.it56．A.throughB.underC.byD.for57．A.questionsB.answersC.standardsD.rules58．A.offB.withoutC.beyondD.from59．A.singleB.pieceC.pageD.other60．A.dropB.short

C.cutD.lack61．A.acquireB.earnC.gatherD.reach62．A.exercisesB.defectsC.mistakesD.tests63．A.goodB.betterC.unusualD.complete64．A.forgetB.refuseC.missD.ignore65．A.haveB.prepare

C.makeD.perform66．A.classesB.groupsC.gradesD.terms67．A.aboutB.noC.muchD.few68．A.previouslyB.rarelyC.merelyD.consistently69．A.withB.inC.outD.up70．A.finishingB.lowering

C.reducingD.declining【答案与解析】51．A早上刚说完再见，当天晚上就得看着孩子秉烛夜读。very表强调，表示正是的；合适的。正是在当天晚上。52．D下句中，小学生们抱怨作业太多。因此选schools。53．B学校的作业多，甚至连小学生也开始抱怨了。even甚至。54．A因为作业量太大，小学生抱怨太疲劳了。fatigue疲劳，疲乏。55．D句意：虽然很难做到，但是专家还是建议家长不要采取行动，冷静点。it是形式主语，指代后文的sitbackandchill。56．C句意：孩子做作业时帮助孩子太多或者太过细致地检查答案，都会妨碍到孩子的自主性。by通过，表示方式。57．B参考上题解析，此处说的是作业中问题的答案。58．Dkeep...from...阻止做某事。59．Asingle单个的。这里指每个单个的作业。60．D由于父母给予孩子的帮助太多，因而缺乏对于尝试和犯错的一种欣赏。61．Bearn有“赢得”的意思。而acquire指通过努力获得知识和能力。62．C家长检查孩子的作业时让孩子们重新考虑的是什么呢？从四个选项来看，重新考虑错误之处才是符合逻辑的。63．A虽然家长要孩子们重新考虑他们作业中的错误之处，但这并不代表要使孩子们达到很好、很完美的标准。64．D前文提到家长不要帮孩子做作业，不要检查孩子的所有作业内

容。该句转折，所以推断“这并不是说家长就可以忽视孩子的作业”。65．A后文说到，一到四年级学生标准作业量是半个小时，四、五、六年级学生应为一小时，初中生不多于一个半小时。可以看出，这里指的是孩子有多少作业。直接用have即可。66．C后文提到初中生、高中生的标准作业量，所以推断此处说的是年级grade。67．B说完小学生，这里作者提到初中生。nomorethan在这里表示“不超过”，指初中生应以一个半小时的标准来布置作业。68．D后文提到要和其他家长甚至是老师来沟通孩子作业量的问题，那么这里肯定表示孩子的作业量超标了。previously（之前地）、rarely（极少地）、merely（仅仅地）都不符合文意，只有consistently（一直以来地、一贯地）才表明作业量持续过多的问题。69．Acheckwith表示与……核实。70．C作业量过多，家长可以与老师沟通以减少孩子的作业量。B、C、D三项都有“减少”之意，但lowering指降低某数字、价格或程度。declining表示降低时，为不及物动词，后不接宾语。PartV.Readingcomprehension1.5%*20=30%SectionADirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.PassageOneUnlesswespendmoneytospotandpreventasteroids(小行星)now,onemightcrashintoEarthanddestroylifeasweknowit,saysomescientists.Asteroidsarebiggerversionsofthemeteoroids(流星)thatraceacrossthenightsky.MostorbitthesunfarfromEarthanddon’tthreatenus.Butthere

arealsothousandsofasteroidswhoseorbitsputthemonacollisioncoursewithEarth.Buy$50millionworthofnewtelescopesrightnow.Thenspend$10millionayearforthenext25yearstolocalemostofthespacerocks.Bythetimewespotafatalone,thescientistssay,we’llhaveawaytochangeitscourse.Somescientistsfavorpushingasteroidsoffcoursewithnuclearweapons.Butthecostwouldn’tbecheap.Isitworthwhile?Twothingsexpertsconsiderwhenjudginganyriskare:1)Howlikelytheeventis;and2)Howbadtheconsequencesiftheeventoccurs.ExpertsthinkanasteroidbigenoughtodestroylotsoflifemightstrikeEarthonceevery500,000years.Soundsprettyrarebutifonedidfall,itwouldbetheendoftheworld.“Ifwedon’ttakecareofthesebigasteroids,they’lltakecareofus,’’saysonescientist.“It’sthatsimple.”Thecure,though,mightbeworsethanthedisease.DowereallywantfleetsofnuclearweaponssittingaroundonEarth?“Theworldhaslesstofearfromdoomsday(毁灭性的)ocksthanfromagreatnuclearfleetsetagainstthem,’’saidaNewYorkTimesarticle.71．Whatdoesthepassagesayaboutasteroidsandmeteoroids?A.Theyareheavenlybodiesdifferentincomposition.B.Theyareheavenlybodiessimilarinnature.C.Therearemoreasteroidsthanmeteoroids.D.Asteroidsaremoremysteriousthanmeteoroids.72．whatdoscientistssayaboutthecollisionofanasteroidwithEarth?A.Itisveryunlikelybutthedangerexists.B.Suchacollisionmightoccuronceevery25years.C.CollisionsofsmallerasteroidswithEarthoccurmoreoftenthanexpected.

D.It’sstilltooearlytosaywhethersuchacollisionmightoccur.73．Whatdopeoplethinkofthesuggestionofusingnuclearweaponstoalterthecoursesofasteroids?A.Itsoundspracticalbutitmaynotsolvetheproblem.B.Itmaycreatemoreproblemsthanitmightsolve.C.ItisawasteofmoneybecauseacollisionofasteroidswithEarthisveryunlikely.D.Furtherresearchshouldbedonebeforeitisprovedapplicable.74．Wecanconcludefromthepassagethat_____.A.whilepushingasteroidsoffcoursenuclearweaponswoulddestroytheworldB.asteroidsracingacrossthenightskyarelikelytohitEarthinthenearfutureC.theworryaboutasteroidscanbelefttofuturegenerationssinceitisunlikelytohappeninourlifetimeD.workablesolutionsstillhavetobefoundtopreventacollisionofasteroidswithEarth75．Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthor’stoneinthispassage?A.Optimistic.B.Critical.C.Objective.D.Arbitrary【答案与解析】

71．B由第二段可知小行星是比较庞大的流星，因此两者本质上都是一样的，都是绕着太阳转动的流星。72．A由第四段第三、四句ExpertsthinkanasteroidbigenoughtodestroylotsoflifemightstrikeEarthonceevery500,000years.Soundsprettyrarebutifonedidfall,itwouldbetheendoftheworld可知庞大到能够摧毁地球的小行星每五十万年才会撞击地球一次，虽然不太可能太一旦发生，世界末日就会到来。所以虽然可能性小，但很危险。73．B由最后一段Thecure,though,mightbeworsethanthedisease.DowereallywantfleetsofnuclearweaponssittingaroundonEarth?“Theworldhaslesstofearfromdoomsday(毁灭性的)rocksthanfromagreatnuclearfleetsetagainstthem”可知，我们不想要核武器充斥地球，比起毁灭性岩石带来的威胁，我们更害怕为对抗岩石而使用的核潜艇。说明核武器的使用会产生更大的威胁和后果。74．D由全文得知小行星毁灭地球的危险存在，用核武器改变其路线的方法不十分可取，所以还有必要找到有效的方法。75．C通读全文，作者的语气是客观的。PassageTwoOnaverage,Americankidsages3to12spent29hoursaweekinschool,eighthoursmorethantheydidin190l.Theyalsodidmorehouseholdworkandparticipatedinmoreofsuchorganizedactivitiesassoccerandballet(芭蕾舞).Involvementinsports,inparticular,rosealmost50%from1981to1997:boysnowspendanaverageoffourhoursaweekplayingsports;girlsloghalfthattime.Allinall,however,children’sleisuretimedroppedfrom40%ofthedayin1981to25%.“Childrenareaffectedbythesametimecrunch(危机)thataffectstheirparents,’’saysSandraHofferth,whoheadedtherecentstudyofchildren’stimetable.Achiefreason,shesays,isthatmoremothersareworkingoutsidethehome.(Nevertheless,childreninbothdouble-incomeand“malebreadwinner”householdsspentcomparableamountsoftimeinteractingwiththeirparents,19hoursand22hoursrespectively.Incontrast,childrenspentonly9hourswiththeirsinglemothers).

Allworkandnoplaycouldmakeforsomeverymessed-upkids.“Playisthemostpowerfulwayachildexplorestheworldandlearnsabouthimself,’’saysT.BerryBrazelton,professoratHarvardMedicalSchool.Unstructuredplayencouragesindependentthinkingandallowstheyoungtonegotiatetheir,relationshipswiththeirpeers,butkidsages3to12spentonly12hoursaweekengagedinit.Thechildrensampledspentaquarteroftheirrapidlydecreasing“freetime”watchingtelevision.Butthat,believeitornot,wasoneofthefindingsparentsmightregardasgoodnews.Ifthey’respendinglesstimeinfrontoftheTVset,however,kidsaren’treplacingitwithreading.Despiteeffortstogetkidsmoreinterestedinbooks,thechildrenspentjustoveranhouraweekreading.Let’sfaceit,who’sgotthetime?76．Bymentioning“thesametimecrunch”(Line1,Para.2)SandraHofferthmeans______.A.childrenhavelittletimetoplaywiththeirparentsB.childrenarenottakengoodcareofbytheirworkingparentsC.bothparentsandchildrensufferfromlackofleisuretimeD.bothparentsandchildrenhavetroublemanagingtheirtime77．Accordingtotheauthor,thereasongivenbySandraHofferthforthetimecrunchis______.A.quiteconvincingB.partiallytrueC.totallygroundlessD.ratherconfusing78．Accordingtotheauthorachilddevelopsbetterif______.A.hehasplentyoftimereadingandstudying

B.heislefttipplaywithhispeersinhisownwayC.hehasmoretimeparticipatinginschoolactivitiesD.heisfreetointeractwithhisworkingparents79．TheauthorisconcernedaboutthefactthatAmericankids______.A.areengagedinmoreandmorestructuredactivitiesB.areincreasinglyneglectedbytheirworkingmothersC.arespendingmoreandmoretimewatchingTVD.areinvolvedlessandlessinhouseholdwork80．Wecaninferfromthepassagethat______.A.extracurricularactivitiespromotechildren’sintelligenceB.mostchildrenwillturntoreadingwithTVsetsswitchedoffC.effortstogetkidsinterestedinreadinghavebeenfruitfulD.mostparentsbelievereadingtobebeneficialtochildren【答案与解析】76．C该短语所在句子的上文（第一段最后一句）表明“孩子的课余时间比以前少了”,而本句指出父母和孩子都受timecrunch的影响，可见thesametimecrunch是指空闲时间不够用，故C正确。77．B第二段括号里的内容表明了作者的观点。转折词Nevertheless说明作者的观点跟上文SandraHofferth的看法不完全一致，而作者在下文举例中提到，单身母亲因为要上班，与孩子在起的时间只有9个小时，确实少了很多，这与Hofferth所述一致，因此选B。78．B第三段最后一句表明孩子自由玩乐能促使他们独立思考，并使他们学会处理与同龄关系，其中unstructuredplay相当于B中的playinhis

ownway，故B正确。79．A文章一开头作者就说孩子们比1981年时上学的时间每周多8小时，他们还做更多的家务,参加更多的有组织性的活动等等,而这些均是造成孩子们空闲时间越来越少的原因，而孩子们空闲时间少也正是作者忧虑的问题，故可推知本题选A。B是作者在第二段括号里反驳过的观点。C错在moreandmoretime，而且作者对孩子看电视也不完全反对。孩子们事实上要做更多家务，故D错。80．D文章最后一段倒数第二句说“尽管父母费尽心思培养孩子的读书兴趣，可孩子们一周也只不过花一个多小时读书”。由此可见,父母认为读书对孩子有好处，即D。SectionBDirections:Therearetwopassagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbyfivequestionsorunfinishedstatements.Readthepassagescarefullyandgivebriefanswersorfulfillthesentences.ontheAnswerSheet.PassageThreeItishardtopredicthowscienceisgoingtoturnout,andifitisreallygoodscienceitisimpossibletopredict.Ifthethingstobefoundareactuallynew,theyarebydefinitionunknowninadvance.Youcannotmakechoicesinthismatter-Youeitherhavescienceoryoudon't,andifyouhaveityouareobligedtoacceptthesurprisinganddisturbingpiecesofinformation,alongwiththeneatandpromptlyusefulbits.TheonlysolidpieceofscientifictruthaboutwhichIfeeltotallyconfidentisthatweareprofoundlyignorantaboutnature.Indeed,Iregardthisasthemajordiscoveryofthepasthundredyearsofbiology.Itis,initsway,anilluminating(启示性的)pieceofnews.Itwouldhaveamazedthebrightestmindsofthe18thcenturyEnlightenmenttobetoldbyanyofushowlittleweknowandhowbewildering(困惑)seemsthewayahead.Itisthissuddenconfrontationwiththedepthandscopeofignorancethatrepresentsthemostsignificantcontributionofthe20thcenturysciencetothehumanintellect(智力).Inearliertimes,weeitherpretendedtounderstandhowthingsworkedorignoredtheproblem,orsimplymadeupstoriestofillthegaps.Nowthatwe

havebegunexploringinearnest,wearegettingglimpsesofhowhugethequestionsare,andhowfarfrombeinganswered.Becauseofthis,wearedepressed.Itisnotsobadbeingignorantifyouaretotallyignorant;thehardthingisknowinginsomedetailtherealityofignorance,theworstspotsandhereandtherethenot-so-badspots,butnotruelightattheendofthetunnelnorevenanytunnelsthatcanyetbetrusted.Butwearemakingabeginning,andthereoughttobesomesatisfaction.Thereareprobablynoquestionswecanthinkupthatcan’tbeanswered,soonerorlater,includingeventhematterofconsciousness.Tobesure,theremaywellbequestionswecan’tthinkup,ever,andthereforelimitstothereachofhumanintellect,butthatisanothermatter.Withinourlimits,weshouldbeabletoworkourwaythroughtoallouranswers,ifwekeepatitlongenough,andpay-attention.81．Theauthorbelievesthatreallygoodscienceisunableto________________.82．Howwouldthescientistsofthe18xhcenturyfeelwhentheyweretoldwearereallyignorantaboutnature?83．Whatisimpliedinthepassageabouttheviewofthescientistsofthe18thcenturyonscience?84．Whatcontributesmosttothehumanintellectinthe20thcenturyaccordingtoauthor?85．Whydoestheauthorthinkthereoughttobesomesatisfaction?【答案与解析】81．predict（由第一段第一句ifitisreallygoodscienceitisimpossibletopredict可知，新科学是无法预测到的。）82．Theywouldfeelamazed/astonished/surprised.（由第二段第四句Itwouldhaveamazedthebrightestmindsofthe18th

centuryEnlightenmenttobetoldbyanyofushowlittleweknowandhowbewildering(困惑)seemsthewayahead可知，如果十八世纪启蒙运动时的科学家知道我们对自然是如此无知的话，会感到十分诧异。）83．Theythoughtthattheyknewagreatdealandcoulddealwithmostproblemsofscience.（由第二段第六句Inearliertimes,weeitherpretendedtounderstandhowthingsworkedorignoredtheproblem,orsimplymadeupstoriestofillthegaps可知，过去人们要么假装什么都知道，要么忽视问题，要么编造故事来填补空白（就是胡乱编造故事来解释他们并不理解的现象）。）84．Thesuddenconfrontationwiththedepthandscopeofignorance.（由第二段第五句可得出答案。）85．Becausenoquestionswecanthinkupcan’tbeansweredwiththeadvanceofscience.Wearemakingabeginningingettingridofignorance.（由最后一段内容可知，作者认为我们应该满足，因为只要坚持探求真理、摆脱无知，我们所能想到的所有问题早晚都会得到解决。）PassageFourHenryFord,thefamousU.S.inventorandcarmanufacturer,oncesaid,“ThebusinessofAmericaisbusiness.’’BythishemeantthattheU.S.wayoflifeisbasedonthevaluesofthebusinessworld.FewwouldarguewithFord’sstatement.Abriefglimpseatadailynewspapervividlyshowshowmuchpeoplein