Unit+5+Poems+Reading+and+Thinking+课件【知识精讲】高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册

ReadingandTinking--AppreciatedifferentformsofEnglishPoemsUnit5Poems1.LearnaboutdifferentformsofEnglishpoetry,andlearnrepresentativerelatedpoetryworks;3.LearntoappreciatethefeelingsofEnglishpoetry.2.Masterthe

featuresofdifferentformsofEnglishpoetry;LearningObjectivesLet’sappreciatethepoem—TheRoadNotTaken

Leadin林子里有两条路，我——选择了行人稀少的那一条，它改变了我的一生。——罗伯特·弗罗斯特《未选择的路》Tworoadsdivergedinayellowwood,AndsorryIcouldnottravelbothAndbeonetraveler,longIstoodAndlookeddownoneasfarasIcouldTowhereitbentintheundergrowth;Thentooktheother,asjustasfair,Andhavingperhapsthebetterclaim,Becauseitwasgrassyandwantedwear;Thoughasforthat,thepassingthereHadwornthemreallyaboutthesame,TheRoadNotTaken

—RobertFrostAndboththatmorningequallylayInleavesnostephadtroddenblack.Oh,Ikeptthefirstforanotherday!Yetknowinghowwayleadsontoway,IdoubtedifIshouldevercomeback.IshallbetellingthiswithasighSomewhereagesandageshence:Tworoadsdivergedinawood,andI—Itooktheonelesstraveledby,Andthathasmadeallthedifference.Whydoyouthinkpeoplewritepoems?to

createimagesforthereaderstotellastorytoexpressfeelingstomakeotherslaughtoplaywithwords

…tocreateamoodtoexpressapointofviewtoencouragepeopletorecallanenjoyableorunpleasantincidentLet’sguess!GuessChinesepoemsaccordingtotheEnglishtranslationAbed,Iseeasilverlight,Iwonderifit’sfrost(霜）aground.Lookingup,Ifindthemoonbright;Bowing(低头),inhomesickness(想家的)I’mdrowned.静夜思床前明月光，疑是地上霜。举头望明月，低头思故乡。Ilookforherinvain.WhenallatonceIturnmyhead,Ifindhertherewherelanternlightisdimly(朦胧)shed.青玉案·元夕—辛弃疾众里寻他千百度，蓦然回首，那人却在，灯火阑珊处。Thismorn(破晓)ofspringinbedI’mlying,NotwakeuptillIhearbirdscrying.Afteronenightofwindandshowers,Howmanyarethefallenflowers!春晓—孟浩然春眠不觉晓，处处闻啼鸟。夜来风雨声，花落知多少。

VeryquietlyItakemyleaveAsquietlyasIcamehere;QuietlyIwavegood-byeTotherosycloudsinthewesternsky.再别康桥轻轻的我走了，正如我轻轻的来；我轻轻的招手，作别西天的云彩。Thefurthestdistance(距离)intheworldisnotthewayfrombirthtotheend.ItiswhenIstandinfrontofyoubutyoudon’tunderstandIloveyou.世界上最遥远的距离不是生与死，而是我就站在你面前，你却不知道我爱你。——泰戈尔(印度诗人)Ifwintercomes,canspringbefarbehind?冬天来了,春天还会远吗?——雪莱EnjoyanEnglishpoemTwinkletwinklelittlestarHowIwonderwhatyouare,UpabovetheworldsohighLikeadiamondinthesky.line(诗行):4linesrhyme

(韵脚):aabbsimile

(明喻)：as,like…metaphor

(暗/隐喻)：Thenightskyisacurtainonwhicheverystarisashiningdiamond.NureryrhymeThereasonsAfewofsimplerformsNurseryrhymes（童谣）Listpoems（清单诗）Cinquain（五行诗）Haiku（俳句）

TangPoem（唐诗）

AFewSimpleFormsofEnglishPoemsTherearevariousreasonswhypeoplecomposepoetry.Somepoemstellastoryordescribeacertainimageinthereader'smind.Otherstrytoconveycertainfeelingssuchasjoyandsorrow.Thedistinctivecharacteristicsofpoetryoftenincludeeconomicaluseofwords,descriptiveandvividlanguage,integratedimagery,literarydevicessuchassimilesandmetaphors,andarrangementofwords,lines,rhymes,andrhythm.Poetsusemanydifferentformsofpoetrytoexpressthemselves.Nowwewilllookatafewofthesimplerforms.各种各样的写诗+定从某种意象传达悲伤显著的特点简洁的描述性的生动的语言整体的意象文学手法明喻暗喻编排行韵脚节奏诗人表达人们写诗的原因多种多样。有些诗讲述一个故事，有的在读者心中描绘出一个意象。还有一些诗歌则试图表达特定的情感，如喜悦和悲伤。诗歌的显著特点通常包括精炼的用词，生动的描述性语言和生动，整体的意象，类似明喻和隐喻的文学手法，以及字词、诗行、韵脚和节奏的编排。诗人用许多不同的诗歌形式来表达自己。现在，我们来看看几个较为简单的诗歌形式。SomeofthefirstpoemsayoungchildlearnsinEnglisharenurseryrhymes.Theyareusuallythetraditionalpoemsor

folksongs.Thelanguageoftheserhymes,likePoemA,istothepointbuthasastoryline.Manychildrenenjoynurseryrhymesbecausetheyrhyme,haveastrongrhythm,andoftenrepeatthesamewords.Thepoemsmaynotmakesenseandevenseemcontradictory,buttheyareeasytolearnandrecite.Byplayingwiththewordsinnurseryrhymes,childrenlearnaboutlanguage.省略that的定从童谣民谣简明恰当故事情节+原因状从押韵诗重复有意义矛盾的背诵一个孩童最初学会的一些英文诗歌就是童谣。它们通常是传统的诗歌或民谣。这些童谣的语言恰到好处，却含有故事情节，如诗歌A。很多孩子喜欢童谣，因为它们押韵，节奏强，而且经常重复相同的字眼。这些童谣可能没有道理，甚至看起来自相矛盾，但很容易学习和背诵。通过童谣中的文字游戏，孩子们学会了语言。A[ә:][iη][a:][әu][u]storyline(故事线）Hush,littlebaby,don’tsayaword,Papa’sgonna

buyyouamockingbird.

Ifthatmockingbirdwon’tsing,Papa’sgonna

buyyouadiamondring.Ifthatdiamondringturnstobrass,Papa’sgonna

buyyoualookingglass.Ifthatlooking-glassgetsbroke,Papa’sgonna

buyyouabillygoat.Ifthatbillygoatwon’tpull,Papa’sgonna

buyyouacartandbull.repetition（重复）NureryrhymeNurseryrhymesrhyme（押韵）嘘嘘，小宝贝，别说话，爸爸给你买只知更鸟，知更鸟，不唱歌，爸爸给你买枚钻石戒，钻石戒，变黄铜，爸爸给你买面小镜子，小镜子，打碎了，爸爸给你买只小山羊，小山羊，不肯拉，爸爸给你买架牛拉车。Hush,littlebaby,don’tsayaword,Papa’sgonna

buyyouamockingbird.

Ifthatmockingbirdwon’tsing,Papa’sgonna

buyyouadiamondring.Ifthatdiamondringturnstobrass,Papa’sgonna

buyyoualookingglass.Ifthatlooking-glassgetsbroke,Papa’sgonna

buyyouabillygoat.Ifthatbillygoatwon’tpull,Papa’sgonna

buyyouacartandbull.Oneofthesimplestkindsofpoemisthe"listpoem",which

contains

alistofthings,people,ideas,ordescriptions

thatdevelopaparticulartheme.Listpoemshaveaflexiblelinelengthandrepeatedphrases

whichgivebothapattern

andarhythmtothepoem.Somerhyme(likeBandC),whileothersdonot.“清单诗”是最简单的诗歌形式之一，它包含了一系列有关事物、人物、想法或描述内容的清单，形成了特定的主题。清单诗的诗行长度灵活，重复出现的短语赋予诗歌某种模式和节奏。有些清单诗押韵(如诗歌B和诗歌C)，而另一些则不押韵。清单诗+非定从包含一系列描述+定从特定的主题灵活的长度短语+定从模式节奏押韵然而，表对比/转折ListpoemsListpoemshaveaflexiblelinelengthandrepeatedphrases.

OnlyOneMotherHundredsofstarsintheprettysky,Hundredsofshells

ontheshoretogether,Hundredsofbirdsthatgosingingby,

Hundredsoflambsinthesunnyweather,Hundredsofdewdropstogreetthedawn,Hundredsofbeesinthepurpleclover,Hundredsofbutterfliesonthelawn,Butonlyonemothertheworldover.GeorgeCooper

母亲天空夜星如织，海滨贝壳满地，鸟儿鸣唱飞过，蜜蜂沐浴阳光，黎明四野朝露，苜蓿蜜蜂成群，草丛蝴蝶争艳，但世界浩瀚，我唯有一母。BListpoemsListpoemshaveaflexiblelinelengthandrepeatedphrases.Somerhyme,whilesomenot.

Life

Lifecanbegood,Lifecanbebad,Lifeismostlycheerful,Butsometimessad,Lifecanbedreams,Lifecanbegreatthoughts,Lifecanmeanaperson,Sittingincourt.

生活生活可能美满，生活可能糟糕，生活常常充满欢乐，但有时令人沮丧。生活可能是梦幻一场，生活可能是伟大的理想。生活可能是一个人，独坐在法庭上。CTypeofpoemCharacteristicsExampleTopicsandpoeticdevicesListpoem（清单诗）BClistsofthings,people,ideas,ordescriptionsofaparticularthemeflexiblelinelengthrepeatedphrasesforpatternsandrhythmnaturerepetitionlife repetitionP51表格Anothersimpleformofpoemthat

amateurscaneasilywriteisthecinquain,which

ismadeupoffivelines.Withthese,youcanconveyastrongpictureoracertainmoodinjustafewwords.Lookattheexample(D).

（对于）业余爱好者（而言）容易创作的另一种简单诗歌形式是五行诗。它由五个诗行构成。通过这些诗行，你可以用短短几句话就表达出一幅动人的画面或某种心情。请看范例(诗歌D)。业余爱好者+定从五行诗+非定从由...组成传达某种情绪(noun.)(adj.)(v-ing.)CinquainD

oneword(showthetopoc)

twoadjs(describethecharactertraits)

threeverbs(describeactions)

fourwords(conveyopinionsorfeelings)

oneword(restatethetopic)结尾点题

1.Whatdotheauthormainlytalkabout?his/herbrother2.Doyouthinkthewriterlikehis/herbrother?Pleasegiveareasonforyouranswer.Yes.Theauthorshowshislovetohis/herbrotherinhiswords兄弟爱美，又爱运动爱闹，爱叫，又爱笑是我的朋友也是我的敌人BrotherBeautiful,athletic

Teasing,shouting,laughingFriendandenemytooMineTypeofpoemCharacteristicsExampleTopicsandpoeticdevicesCinquain（五行诗）DsimpleformfivelinesbrotherstrongpictureormoodP51表格CinquainHaikuisaJapaneseformofpoetrythat

consistsof17syllables.Ithasaformatofthreelines,containing5,7,and5syllablesrespectively.ItisnotatraditionalformofEnglishpoetry,butisverypopularwithEnglishwriters.Itiseasytowriteand,likethecinquain,cangiveaclearpictureandcreateaspecialfeelingusingveryfewwords.Thehaikupoem(E)ontherightisatranslationfromJapanese,which

showsamomentinthelifeofadelicatebutterfly.俳句+定从由...组成音节格式包含分别受...欢迎翻译+非定从脆弱的蝴蝶

AfallenblossomIscomingbacktothebranch.Look,abutterfly!HaikuE1.Whatwasitthatfellonthebranch?

A.afallenblossomB.adeadleafC.adelicatebutterflyD.ahappybird2.Whichsentenceistrue?A.HaikuoriginatesfromEurope.B.HaikuispopularwithJapanesewriters.C.HaikuisatraditionalformofJapanesepoetrywith17rhythms.D.Haikushowaclearpictureandconveyaspecialfeeling.落下的花朵却又回到了枝头。瞧啊，是只蝴蝶！TypeofpoemCharacteristicsExampleTopicsandpoeticdevicesHaiku(俳句)E17syllablesthreelinescontaining5,7,and5syllablesrespectivelyP51表格nature忽见落樱返枝头，原是花飞逗蝶舞。EnglishspeakersalsoenjoypoemsfromChina,thosefromtheTangDynastyinparticular.AlotofTangpoetryhasbeentranslatedintoEnglish,suchasthisone(F).以英语为母语的人也喜欢中国的诗歌，尤其是唐诗。很多唐诗已经被翻译成英文，比如这首(诗歌F)。尤其，特别betranslatedinto被翻译为......WheresheawaitsherhusbandOnandontheriverflows.Neverlookingback,Transformedintostone.Daybydayuponthemountaintop,windandrainrevolve.Shouldthetravelerreturn,thisstonewouldutterspeech.WangJian望夫石

王

建望夫处，江悠悠,化为石，不回头。山头日日风复雨，行人归来石应语。1.Whichofthefollowingwordscanconveythewoman’sfeelings?A.lonelinessB.joyC.loveD.trustE.angerF.hateG.sorrow2.Whatrhetoricaldevice(修辞手法)isusedinthesentence?personification(拟人)TangPoetryFTypeofpoemCharacteristicsExampleTopicsandpoeticdevicesTangpoemFstructuredP51表格waiting望夫石唐·王建望夫处，江悠悠。化为石，不回头。山头日日风复雨。行人归来石应语。Withsomanydifferentformsofpoetrytochoosefrom,youmayeventuallywanttowritepoemsofyourown.Giveitatry!有这么多不同的诗歌形式可供选择，你可能最终想写自己写几首诗。试一试吧!QuizaboutFORMSofEnglishpoems._________ismadeupof17syllables.Nurseryrhymeshavestrong__________andoftenrepeatthesamewords.Cinquainconsistsof______lines.Someofthefirstpoemsayo