河南省南阳市2022-2023学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1河南省南阳市2022-2023学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题第Ⅰ卷(选择题，共100分)第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.StaywithAlan.B.Relaxathome.C.SendAlantoschool.2.HowwillJackgotoNewYork?A.Bybus.B.Byplane.C.Bytrain.3.Howmanystudentsdoesthewomanexpectintotal?A.10.B.13.C.15.4.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthemusic?A.Relaxing.B.Exciting.C.Boring.5.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Peoplewon’tlistentothedoctors.B.Doctorshavedifferentlifestyles.C.It’sgreattoattendthelecture.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。6.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inasupermarket.B.Inthekitchen.C.Overthephone.7.Whatwillthemanlookfornext?A.Milk.B.Carrots.C.Yogurt.听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。8.Whydoesthewomancongratulatetheman?A.Hemovedhouse.B.Hegotanewjob.C.Hebecameafather.9.What’stherelationshipbetweenMikeandthewoman?A.Goodfriends.B.Acouple.C.Fellowworkers.听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。10.Whywon’tthemanplaytenniswiththewoman?A.Heisn’tgoodatit.B.Hecan’tgetupearly.C.Helikesvolleyballbetter.11.What’stheman’shobby?A.Playingballgames.B.Watchingmatches.C.Feedingbirds.12.Howoldistheman?A.Almost40.B.Almost50.C.Almost60.听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。13.WhydoesMikelooktired?A.Hejusttooktwoexams.B.Hestudiedforawholenight.C.Hegotuptooearlythismorning.14.HowdoesMikefeelabouthisgradeofthechemistrytest?A.Unsatisfied.B.Encouraged.C.Surprised.15.WhatcoursedoesMikeprefertotake?A.Theoneonhowtodoresearchonline.B.Theoneonwritingtermpapers.C.Theoneontest-takingskills.16.WhatwillMikedonext?A.Havearest.B.Talktoaprofessor.C.GototheStudySkillsCenter.听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。17.WhatcouldDanFriedellbe?A.Anofficial.B.Areporter.C.Akeeperoftheclock.18.Whenwillthebellstopringing?A.SinceJanuary1st.B.SinceAugust21st.C.SinceNovember12th.19.WhatcanweknowfromSteveJaggs?A.Therepairprojectwillcostabout$40million.B.Thelasttimethebellstoppedwasin2007.C.Theclockwillcontinuetotellthetimesilently.20.HowdidJoanareacttothenews?A.Shemadeaproposal.B.Shemadeacomplaint.C.Shemadenocomments.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ATokyohasagreatrangeofcafes(咖啡馆),butmanydon’tofferfreewirelessInternetaccessorpoweroutlets(电源插座).So,forthebenefitofthoselookingforfreeWi-Fi,hereareourtopspotsintheJapanesecapital.CoffeeValleyCoffeeValleyisasmallcoffeeshop.Whilethefirstfloorhaslimitedseating,thereareoutletsforeachseat.Ifyoudon’tneedtocharge,thesecondfloorismuchmorespaciouswithanareathatcanaccommodategroupsofuptofourpeople.Theyalsohaveagoodselectionofsnackstoaccompanyyourcoffee.Date:Opendaily.Time:8A.M.-8P.M.(From9A.M.onweekends).Location:Afive-minutewalkfromtheeastexitofIkebukuroStation.10°Cafe10°Cafeistheperfectplaceforearlybirds.Forsomepeaceandquiet,workonthesecondfloor.At10°Cafe,eachseathaspoweroutletswhiletheircounterseatsofferagreatviewofthesurroundingneighborhood.Theirmenupricesbefore11A.M.offerdiscounted(打折的)breakfast.Date:Daily(ClosedeverythirdSundayofthemonth).Time:7:30A.M.-9P.M.Location:Afive-minutewalkfromTakadanobabaStation.GoodSoundCoffeeComeforthecoffee,andstayfortheirmusicselection.GoodSoundCoffeeisafriendlyneighborhoodcafeclosetoNakameguroStation.Thereareindoorandoutdoorseatsandplentyofoutlets.Itmightgetcrowdedontheweekends,andthecafeoffersdiscountsonfooditems.Date:Daily.Time:8A.M.-11P.M.Location:Athree-minutewalkfromtheeastexitofNakameguroStation.ValleyParkStandValleyParkStandopensfromearlyinthemorningtolateintheevening.Therearepublictableswithpoweroutlets.It’sspaciouswithlotsofnaturallightafewstepsawayfromtheMiyashitaPark.Thereisadecentlysizedmenuwithtea,coffeeandvarioussandwichesandbites.Date:Daily.Time:8A.M.-10P.M.Location:Afewminutes’walkfromMiyashitaPark.1.Whatisthespecialpartof10°Cafe?A.Itopenstothelatenight. B.Ithasonedayoffeachmonth.C.Itoffersdifferentdelicioussnacks. D.It’snotfarfromtheIkebukuroStation.2.Whichcafeisfriendlytomusiclovers?A.10°Cafe. B.CoffeeValley.C.ValleyParkStand. D.GoodSoundCoffee.3.Wherecanthistextcomefrom?A.Aguidebook. B.Aprivatediary.C.Anewsreport. D.Ashortstory.〖答案〗1.B2.D3.A【语篇解读】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍日本首都热门的四个可以提供免费Wi-Fi的咖啡馆。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据10°Cafe部分“Date:Daily(ClosedeverythirdSundayofthemonth).(日期：每日（每月第三个星期日休息）。)”可知，在10度咖啡馆，每个月会休息一天。故选B。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据GoodSoundCoffee部分“Comeforthecoffee,andstayfortheirmusicselection.(因喝咖啡而来，因听他们挑选的音乐而留下来。)”可知，音乐爱好者们可以在好声音咖啡馆听音乐。故选D。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Tokyohasagreatrangeofcafes(咖啡馆),butmanydon’tofferfreewirelessInternetaccessorpoweroutlets(电源插座).So,forthebenefitofthoselookingforfreeWi-Fi,hereareourtopspotsintheJapanesecapital.(东京有很多咖啡馆，但许多咖啡馆都不提供免费无线上网或电源插座。因此，为了那些寻求免费Wi-Fi的人的利益，以下是我们在日本首都的热门咖啡馆。)”可知，这篇文章主要介绍日本首都热门的四个可以提供免费Wi-Fi的咖啡馆，所以它可能是来源于一本旅游指南。故选A。BWhilevisitinganelementaryschoollibraryin2016,1noticedtherewerehardlyanysciencefictionbooksforreadersunder12.Thisdiscoverypromptedmetospendthenextfiveyearsresearchingtheshortageofsciencefictionbooksforchildreninthisagegroup.Ireachedtwobigconclusions.First,Ifoundthatadultsoftenthinkthatkidscan’tunderstandsciencefiction—buttheycan.Second,Ifoundthatauthorsandillustrators(插画家)arenotdepictingcharactersfromdiversebackgroundsinchildren’sstoriesaboutthefuture.Diverserepresentationinsciencefictionisespeciallyimportantbecausetheseauthorsarenotonlyimaginingfutures,butalsoarethesortsofpeoplewhocreatethosefutures.Whensciencefictionauthorsimagineawidevarietyofpeoplelikewomen,peopleofcoloranddisabledpeopleasthescientistsofthefuture,thentheyprovidemodelsformorechildrentoimaginethemselvesinthosecareers.ResearchhasshownthatseeingfemalescientistsinmediaaffectswhethergirlsimaginethemselvesinSTEM—science,technology,engineeringandmath-careers.ThefirstBlackfemaleastronaut,MaeJemison,saysthatshewasabletoimagineherselfgoingtospacebecauseasayoungpersonshesawNichelleNicholsplayingLieutenantNyotaUhuraonStarTrek.Anexpertonraceinsciencefictionsaysthatsciencefictionmustincludeavarietyofhumansratherthanavarietyofalienstocelebratethepotentialofdiversityinthefuture.Sciencefictionauthorscouldbeleadersintheeffortstodiversifychildren’sbooksifcreatorsfilltheshortageofchildren’ssciencefictionwithstoriesthatincludecharactersfromdiversebackgrounds.Theburdenisnotonlyoncreators,though.Educatorsandparentsalsoneedtoseekoutsciencefictionwithdiversecharactersinordertomakesurethatchildren’sbookcollectionsreflectafuturethatwelcomeseveryone.4.Whatdidtheauthorfindaftervisitinganelementaryschoollibraryin2016?A.Sciencefictionincludedavarietyofhumansandaliens.B.Authorsdescribedcharactersfromdiversebackgrounds.C.Readersunder12almosthadnosciencefictionbookstoread.D.Readersunder12couldhardlyunderstandsciencefiction.5.Whatisespeciallyimportantinsciencefictionaccordingtotheauthor?A.Diverserepresentation. B.Understandablelanguage.C.Abundantaliens. D.Fantasticplots.6.Thequotation(引述)fromMaeJemisoninParagraph4isusedto______.A.stresswomen’skeyroleinspaceandscienceB.justifyinfluencesofprovidingmodelsinbooksC.attractreaders’interestandintroducewhosheisD.indicatehowimportantchildren’simaginationis7.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Children’sbookcollectionswelcomeeveryoneandshouldbeeasilyunderstoodbyallwalksofpeople.B.Everyoneiswelcomeinthefuturesochildren’sbookcollectionsshouldmeeteverychild’sneed.C.Onlysciencefictionauthorsaretoblameifchildrenreadsciencefictionlackofdiversecharacters.D.Creators,educatorsandparentsshouldprovidesciencefictionwithdiversecharactersforchildren.〖答案〗4.C5.A6.B7.D【语篇解读】这是一篇议论文。文章讲述了科幻小说在12岁以下孩子中的现状、多样化角色的科幻小说的作用以及改善现状的措施。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Whilevisitinganelementaryschoollibraryin2016,1noticedtherewerehardlyanysciencefictionbooksforreadersunder12.”(2016年，在参观一所小学的图书馆时，我注意到几乎没有为12岁以下的读者提供科幻书籍。)可知，作者2016年访问小学图书馆的时候发现，适合12岁以下的孩子的科幻书籍几乎没有。故选C项。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“Diverserepresentationinsciencefictionisespeciallyimportantbecausetheseauthorsarenotonlyimaginingfutures,butalsoarethesortsofpeoplewhocreatethosefutures.”(科幻小说的多样化表现尤为重要，因为这些作者不仅在想象未来，而且也是创造这些未来的人。)可知，作者认为多样化的表现在科幻小说中尤为重要。故选A项。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“Whensciencefictionauthorsimagineawidevarietyofpeoplelikewomen,peopleofcoloranddisabledpeopleasthescientistsofthefuture,thentheyprovidemodelsformorechildrentoimaginethemselvesinthosecareers.”(当科幻小说作者把女性、有色人种和残疾人等各种各样的人想象成未来的科学家时，他们就为更多的孩子提供了想象自己从事这些职业的榜样。)可知，科幻小说可以为孩子提供职业榜样；“MaeJemison,saysthatshewasabletoimagineherselfgoingtospacebecauseasayoungpersonshesawNichelleNicholsplayingLieutenantNyotaUhuraonStarTrek.”(第一位黑人女宇航员梅·杰米森(MaeJemison)说，她之所以能够想象自己去太空，是因为她年轻时看到妮切尔·尼科尔斯(NichelleNichols)在《星际迷航》(StarTrek)中扮演女中尉尼尤塔·乌胡拉(NyotaUhura)。)可知，引用MaeJemison所说是为了证明在书中或影视作品中提供榜样或模型对孩子的影响。故选B项。【7题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Theburdenisnotonlyoncreators,though.Educatorsandparentsalsoneedtoseekoutsciencefictionwithdiversecharactersinordertomakesurethatchildren’sbookcollectionsreflectafuturethatwelcomeseveryone.”(然而，这种压力不仅仅是创作者的责任。教育工作者和家长也需要寻找具有多样化角色的科幻小说，以确保儿童藏书反映了欢迎所有人的未来。)可知，除了创作者之外，教育者和家长也应该为孩子们提供多样化的科幻小说。故选D项。CThesweetartofpaintingwithcaramelizedsugar(焦糖)canbewitnessedinChina’sSichuanprovince.Thisancientcraftstillmanagestoamazetouristsluckyenoughtostumbleuponaskilledstreetartist.Accordingtoexperts,thistypeofChinesefolkartoriginatedfromtheMingDynastywhensugaranimalsandfigureswerecreatedaspartofceremoniesforsacrifice.DuringtheQingDynasty,itgainedevenmorepopularityandthetechniqueswereupgraded,whichresultedinanincreasednumberofpatterns,mostoftheminspiredbynature,wildlifeandreligion.Inthebeginning,peopleusedmolds(模具)toshapethecaramelizedsugar,buttheyweregraduallyreplacedwithasmallbronze(青铜的)spoonthathadtobeusedbytalentedartistswhowereexpertsattheartofnormalpaintingaswell.“Painting”artisticpiecesfrommeltedsugarisverydifferentfromregularpainting.Becausethehotsugarcoolsdownveryquickly,thepainterhastoworkswiftly,makingsurehefollowsthecorrectorderofstrokes(一画，笔画)togeteveryshapejustright.Inordertogetfamiliarwiththeprocessandthetechnique,it’srecommendedthatartistspracticenormalpaintingfirst.Mastersofthiscenturies-oldcraftusebrownorwhitesugarasthemainmaterial.Abronzespoonandasmallspadeastools,andaslab(厚块)ofmarbleasthecanvas.Thesugarismeltedoverafierypotandspreadoverthecanvaswiththespoon.Oncetheshapeiscompleted,thespadeisusedtoglueawoodensticktotheartworkandtoseparateitfromthemarbleslab.Thenyoucanhaveyourveryowncaramelizedsugardragonortigerandauniquesouvenir.Theartisgainingsupportfromboththegeneralpublicandthegovernment,whohaditlistedasaProvincialNon-MaterialCultureHeritage.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedphraseprobablymeaninthispassage?A.Employ. B.Attract. C.Become. D.Encounter.9.WhatcanweknowaboutthecaramelizedsugarpaintinginQingDynasty?A.Itplayedamoreimportantroleinceremonies.B.Thethemesofthepaintingswerevarious.C.Themoldswerecompletelyreplacedbyspoons.D.Morepeoplewereattractedtostudypaintings.10.Whatmakessugarpaintingdifferentfromregularpainting?A.Theorderofstrokes. B.Thenumberofthepatterns.C.Thedrawingmaterials. D.Thetopicsofthepaintings.11.Whatdoesthefourthparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Thehistoryofmakingsugarpaintings. B.Theprocessofcreatingsugarpaintings.C.Thevarietyofdifferentsugarpaintings. D.Thepleasureofenjoyingsugarpaintings.〖答案〗8.D9.B10.A11.B【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍四川省糖画的来源，发展及其制作过程。【8题详析】词句猜测题。根据第一段“Thesweetartofpaintingwithcaramelizedsugar(焦糖)canbewitnessedinChina’sSichuanprovince.Thisancientcraftstillmanagestoamazetouristsluckyenoughtostumbleuponaskilledstreetartist.(在中国的四川省可以看到用焦糖作画的甜蜜艺术。这项古老的工艺仍然让游客感到惊讶，他们有幸stumbleupon了一位技艺高超的街头艺术家。)”可知，在中国的四川省可以看到用焦糖作画的甜蜜艺术，所以他们应该是有幸遇到了一位技艺高超的街头艺术家，所以，stumbleupon的意思应该是“遇到”，和选项D意思一致。故选D。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“DuringtheQingDynasty,itgainedevenmorepopularityandthetechniqueswereupgraded,whichresultedinanincreasednumberofpatterns,mostoftheminspiredbynature,wildlifeandreligion.(在清朝，它变得更加流行，技术也得到了升级，导致图案数量增加，其中大多数图案的灵感来自自然、野生动物和宗教。)”可知，在清朝，糖画的图案主题变得多了。故选B。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段““Painting”artisticpiecesfrommeltedsugarisverydifferentfromregularpainting.Becausethehotsugarcoolsdownveryquickly,thepainterhastoworkswiftly,makingsurehefollowsthecorrectorderofstrokes(一画，笔画)togeteveryshapejustright.Inordertogetfamiliarwiththeprocessandthetechnique,it’srecommendedthatartistspracticenormalpaintingfirst.(用融化的糖绘制艺术作品与普通绘画有很大不同。因为热糖冷却得很快，画家必须迅速工作，确保他按照正确的笔画顺序画出每一个形状。为了熟悉这一过程和技巧，建议艺术家先练习普通绘画。)”可知，用融化的糖绘制艺术作品与普通绘画的不同在于，画家必须迅速工作，确保按照正确的笔画顺序画出每一个形状。故选A。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据第四段“Mastersofthiscenturies-oldcraftusebrownorwhitesugarasthemainmaterial.Abronzespoonandasmallspadeastools,andaslab(厚块)ofmarbleasthecanvas.Thesugarismeltedoverafierypotandspreadoverthecanvaswiththespoon.Oncetheshapeiscompleted,thespadeisusedtoglueawoodensticktotheartworkandtoseparateitfromthemarbleslab.Thenyoucanhaveyourveryowncaramelizedsugardragonortigerandauniquesouvenir.(这种有数百年历史的工艺大师使用红糖或白糖作为主要原料。一把青铜汤匙和一把小铲子作为工具，一块大理石作为画布。糖在一个火盆上融化，用勺子撒在画布上。形状完成后，用铲子将木棍粘在艺术品上，并将其与大理石板分离。然后你可以拥有自己的焦糖龙或虎和一个独特的纪念品。)”可知，这一段主要介绍糖画的制作过程。故选B。DIfyou’veeverwatchedadognap,you’veprobablywonderedifanimalsdream.It’sacomplicatedquestion.Westilldon’tknowexactlywhyhumansdream.Studyinganimaldreamsisevenharder;dogscan’ttelluswhatmadethemwhine(哀鸣)duringanap.However,arecentstudysuggestsspidersmayexperienceREM-like(类快速眼动)sleepandevenvisualdreams.Itsoundsunusual,butitmaybetrue.RatsrecallmazememoriesAfterratsrunamaze(迷宫)duringtheday,theycanrerunthesamecoursewhileasleep,researchhasshown.Whenawake,arat’shippocampus,apartofthebrainresponsibleformakingandstoringmemories,rememberstheneuron(神经元)patternofnavigatingthemaze.Laterwhenasleep,thebrainreproducestheidenticalpattern,suggestingtheratremembersthemaze.This2001findingwasoneofthefirsttosuggestthatanimalshadcomplexdreams.Thoseratbrainstudiesshowthatwhenmazememoriesoccurduringsleep,thevisualimagerythatwentalongwiththemisalsoreactivated,meaningthesleepingratssawwhattheyhadseeninthemazewhileawake.Thesamehasbeenfoundforauditory(听觉)andevenemotionalareasthatreactivatewhentheratrerunsthemazeduringREMsleep.ZebrafinchesremembersongsDespitebeingknownfortheirlyricalsongs,zebrafinchesaren’tbornsingers.Thebirdsmustlearnbylistening,practicing,and,perhaps,bydreaming.In2000researcherslearnedthatneuronsinthebirds’forebrainsfirewithadistinctpatternwhiletheysingasong.Whilethebirdssleep,theirbrainsreproducethissamepattern,replicatingthesongtheyheardandsangthatday,suggestingthebirdsrememberandpracticesongsintheirsleep.Dodreamingbirdsrelivetheirwakingexperiences?Oraresingingdreamsmorelikealgorithms(算法)runningwithoutconsciousawareness?Scientistsmaybegettingclosertofindingout.ResearcherMourrainsays,“Iwouldnotbesurprisedifactualdreamswerefoundinanimals,andIthinkeventuallywe’llbeabletoshowthatscientifically.Youdidsomethinginthedaytime,andyourbrainwillreplayit,integrateit,andmixitwithotherexperiences.We’renottheonlyspeciescapableofrememberingandlearning.”12.Whyisitmoredifficulttostudyanimaldreams?A.Animalsrarelydream. B.Animalsdonotspeak.C.Animalsseldomsnooze. D.AnimalsdonotexperienceREM.13.Whatcanwesayabouthippocampus?A.Itmakesandstoresmemories. B.Itremembersthepatternofthemaze.C.Itenablesratstohavecomplexdreams. D.Ithelpssleepingratstoseethemazeclearly.14.WhichofthefollowingwouldMourrainmostprobablyagreewith?A.Whatwefoundinanimalsnowarenotactualdreams.B.Thesciencetodayisunabletoprovethatanimalsdodream.C.Thefactthatanimalsdreamwillsoonerorlaterbeconfirmed.D.Allanimalsintheworldhavetheabilitytorememberandlearn.15.Whatmightbethereasonthatscientistsconductthiskindofresearch?A.Theywanttofindouttherelationshipbetweensleepandmemory.B.Theyhopetoprovethathumansaretheonlyspeciesthatdream.C.Theytrytounderstandanimals’“dreams”andtheirinfluenceonmemory.D.Theyattempttoimprovethelearningabilityoftheseanimals.〖答案〗12.B13.A14.C15.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了科学家研究发现动物也会做梦，且研究动物梦可以了解动物的认知能力。文章介绍了相关研究和发现。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Studyinganimaldreamsisevenharder;dogscan’ttelluswhatmadethemwhine(哀鸣)duringanap.(研究动物梦更难，狗无法告诉我们是什么让它们在打盹时发出呜呜声。)”可知，研究动物梦更难是因为动物不会说话。故选B。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Whenawake,arat’shippocampus,apartofthebrainresponsibleformakingandstoringmemories,rememberstheneuron(神经元)patternofnavigatingthemaze.(当清醒时,老鼠的海马体（大脑中负责制造和存储记忆的部分）会记住迷宫导航的神经元模式。)”可知，关于海马体，我们知道的是它制造和储存记忆。故选A。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“ResearcherMourrainsays,“Iwouldnotbesurprisedifactualdreamswerefoundinanimals,andIthinkeventuallywe’llbeabletoshowthatscientifically.Youdidsomethinginthedaytime,andyourbrainwillreplayit,integrateit,andmixitwithotherexperiences.We’renottheonlyspeciescapableofrememberingandlearning.”(研究人员Mourrain说：“如果在动物身上发现了真正的梦，我不会感到惊讶，我认为最终我们将能够科学地证明这一点。你在白天做了一些事情，你的大脑会回放它，整合它，并将它与其他经历相结合。我们不是唯一能够记忆和学习的物种。”)”可知，Mourrain最有可能同意的是：动物做梦这一事实迟早会得到证实。故选C。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Ifyou’veeverwatchedadognap,you’veprobablywonderedifanimalsdream.It’sacomplicatedquestion.Westilldon’tknowexactlywhyhumansdream.Studyinganimaldreamsisevenharder;dogscan’ttelluswhatmadethemwhine(哀鸣)duringanap.However,arecentstudysuggestsspidersmayexperienceREM-like(类快速眼动)sleepandevenvisualdreams.Itsoundsunusual,butitmaybetrue.(如果你看过狗打盹，你可能会想知道动物是否做梦。这是一个复杂的问题。我们仍然不知道人类为什么做梦。研究动物梦更难；狗无法告诉我们是什么让它们在打盹时发出呜呜声。然而，最近的一项研究表明，蜘蛛可能会经历类似快速眼动的睡眠，甚至做梦。这听起来很不寻常，但可能是真的。)”“ResearcherMourrainsays,“Iwouldnotbesurprisedifactualdreamswerefoundinanimals,andIthinkeventuallywe’llbeabletoshowthatscientifically.Youdidsomethinginthedaytime,andyourbrainwillreplayit,integrateit,andmixitwithotherexperiences.We’renottheonlyspeciescapableofrememberingandlearning.”(研究人员Mourrain说：“如果在动物身上发现了真正的梦，我不会感到惊讶，我认为最终我们将能够科学地证明这一点。你在白天做了一些事情，你的大脑会回放它，整合它，并将它与其他经历相结合。我们不是唯一能够记忆和学习的物种。”)”可知，科学家进行这种研究的原因可能是他们试图理解动物的“梦”及其对记忆的影响。故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。FourDailyHabitsofLeadersLeadershipisacollectionofkeyskillsthatyoucandevelop.Here,let’ssharethedailyhabitsthatwillputyouinchargeasaleader.Theyseeopportunitieswhereothersseechallenges.____16____,butthequestioniswhatwedowithit.Onarainyday,youcanblamethesky,ortaketheopportunitytosellumbrellastothosewhodon’thavethem.Leadersseetheopportunityinsituations,andmoreimportantly,helpotherstofindit.Thepersonwhoseesforgottenfactoriesonabandonedstreetsthinks:Hey,whydon’twegrowproduceinthosespaces?Thatgivesrisetoentireindustrieslikeurbanfarming.____17____.Asaleader,youaretheultimaterolemodel.Peoplearewatchingyouallthetime:Howyouwalkthroughthehallway,whatyouwear,howyoutreatpeople,whenyougettotheofficeandwhenyouleave.Goodleaderstakegreatcareofthemselves,withenoughsleep,exerciseandgoodeating.Theyknowthatisthefueltokeepthemselvesatpeakperformance.They’recuriousaboutthepresent.Leadersareinterestedinwhat’sgoingonandcomingnext.____18____.Theypreferthecompanyofrealpeopleandareeagertolearnsomethingnew.Theytakerisksthoughtfully.Greatleadershaveplans,butarewillingtoabandonthemwhennecessary.____19____.Forexample,whenEsbecameoutofschool,sherealizedthatthereweren’talotofopportunitiesforherscientificfield.Herfatherwaswritingabook,sosheputherenergyintohelpinghimpublishit.____20____.Andtherewasanopportunitytocreateabusinesstohelpthosewhowantedtoself-publish.Soshestartedthatbusinessandshefinallymadeit.A.TheyshareownershipwithothersB.Theyknowthatthey’rerolemodelsC.WeallhavethesameinformationinfrontofusD.TheycarefullychangeacertainriskintoanopportunityE.Theywanttoplaywithnewtechnology,andmeetnewpeopleF.Thensherealizedtheself-publishingworldwasabitofaWildWestG.Sheimmediatelystoppedthiskindofriskandtriedsomethingtotallynew〖答案〗16.C17.B18.E19.D20.F【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。作者介绍了帮助自己具有领导力的几个日常习惯。【16题详析】根据后半句“butthequestioniswhatwedowithit.(但问题是我们该怎么处理这个信息)”可知，我们面前都有同样的信息，但然后处理是问题所在。选项C符合前后的转折关系，it和thesameinformation是关联词。所以选择项C“Weallhavethesameinformationinfrontofus(我们面前都有同样的信息)”符合上下文语境。故选C。【17题详析】根据后句“Asaleader,youaretheultimaterolemodel.(作为一名领导者，你是终极的榜样)”以及后文对于领导者榜样作用的阐述可知，本段主要介绍作为领导者，他们知道自己是榜样，rolemodel是关键词，所以选择项B“Theyknowthatthey’rerolemodels(他们知道自己是榜样)”符合上下文语境。故选B。【18题详析】根据后文“Theypreferthecompanyofrealpeopleandareeagertolearnsomethingnew.(他们更喜欢有真人陪伴，并且渴望学习新东西)”可知，领导者更喜欢有真人陪伴，并且渴望学习新东西，preferthecompanyofrealpeopleandareeagertolearnsomethingnew和playwithnewtechnology,andmeetnewpeople是关联词，所以选择项E“Theywanttoplaywithnewtechnology,andmeetnewpeople(他们想玩新技术，认识新朋友)”符合上下文语境。故选E。【19题详析】根据主题句“Theytakerisksthoughtfully.(他们会深思熟虑地承担风险)”以及前文“Greatleadershaveplans,butarewillingtoabandonthemwhennecessary.(伟大的领导者有计划，但愿意在必要时放弃)”可知，领导者既要承担风险，又要有将风险转为机遇的能力，选项D可以承接上文对于承担奉献的介绍，takerisks是关键词，所以选择项D“Theycarefullychangeacertainriskintoanopportunity(他们小心翼翼地将某种的风险转化为机遇)”符合上下文语境。故选D。【20题详析】根据前文“Forexample,whenEsbecameoutofschool,sherealizedthatthereweren’talotofopportunitiesforherscientificfield.Herfatherwaswritingabook,sosheputherenergyintohelpinghimpublishit.(例如，当埃斯贝从学校毕业时，她意识到自己的科学领域没有太多机会。她的父亲正在写一本书，所以她把精力放在帮助他出版上)”以及后文“Andtherewasanopportunitytocreateabusinesstohelpthosewhowantedtoself-publish.(这是一个创建业务来帮助那些想要自助出版的人的机会)”可知，埃斯贝改变了计划，所以选择项F“Thensherealizedtheself-publishingworldwasabitofaWildWest(然后她意识到自助出版有很大的发展空间)”符合上下文语境。故选F。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节(共20小题，每小题1.5分，共30分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中。选出最佳选项。MyhusbandandIweregoingtobeawayfromourfamilyforThanksgiving.Wewouldbealoneinahotelroom,eatingcheaptake-outandfeelingvery____21____forourselves.ThethoughtofitwasmorethanIcouldbear.Idecidedtotakethe____22____.IwroteapostonFacebook:“Doesanyoneknowofachurchorcommunitycenterhostingapublic____23____forThanksgivinginWinnipeg?”Afriendimmediatelywrotebackwith____24____news.So,threedayslater,wefoundourselvesdrivingtothesmalltownofDauphin,Manitoba,tospendThanksgivingwith____25____.We____26____infrontofasmall,lakesidehouse.Asmilingcouple____27____usfromthefrontporch.AswesteppedintoBettyandGary’shome,wewereimmediatelymetwith____28____.Thewoodstovetookeverybitofchilloutoftheair,andthesmelloffood____29____uslikeasoftblanket.Turkey,stuffing,veggies,andpilesofdesserts—whata______30______!Andthewarmthdidn’tjustcomefromthehomeorthefood.ItcamefromBetty,Gary,andtheir______31______.Wegatheredaroundthetable;introductionsweremade.We______32______thatnoonetherewasfamilybyblood.______33______,wewereallconnectedbysomethingmuchgreater.Ourunease______34______aswetoldstories,sharedlaughs,andgave______35______,withfood______36______sharedaroundanopentable.Wewere______37______intothiscircleoffriendship.Laughter______38______toflow.Relationshipswereborn.Memorieswerecreated.WethoughtweweregoingtospendThanksgivingwithstrangers,butwereallydidn’t.Sharingamealtogether,we’reconnectedbyourdesirefor______39______,ourneedforunderstanding,andourcommonhumanity.Whata______40______waytocelebrateThanksgiving!21.A.shy B.keen C.sorry D.humble22.A.initiative B.place C.sorrow D.criticism23.A.concert B.pray C.dinner D.game24.A.special B.annoying C.desperate D.good25.A.friends B.journalists C.orphans D.strangers26.A.pulledup B.packedup C.fledaway D.missedout27.A.glancedat B.lookedfor C.sighedat D.wavedat28.A.shiver B.warmth C.cold D.steam29.A.disturbed B.enveloped C.released D.adopted30.A.feast B.salary C.disappointment D.incident31.A.guests B.devices C.carpets D.gifts32.A.disagreed B.voted C.tolerated D.discovered33.A.Besides B.Instead C.Therefore D.Instantly34.A.burstout B.divedin C.meltedaway D.breakout35.A.thanks B.letters C.help D.warnings36.A.randomly B.generously C.temporarily D.barely37.A.forced B.chosen C.arrested D.drawn38.A.stopped B.whispered C.proceeded D.disappeared39.A.food B.love C.violence D.peace40.A.dull B.bitter C