美国社会与文化智慧树知到期末考试答案2024年

美国社会与文化智慧树知到期末考试答案2024年美国社会与文化The

“old

immigrants”

in

the

United

States

mainly

refer

to

the

northern

and

western

Europeans

who

came

to

America

from

the

early

19th

century

to

1880

and

the

“new

immigrants”

refer

to

the

southern

and

eastern

Europeans

between

1880

and

1920.

（

）

A:对B:错答案:对The

Bill

of

Rights

was

added

to

the

Constitution

so

as

to

protect

the

people

against

foreign

interference,

such

as

the

threat

from

Britain.

（

）

A:对B:错答案:错The

spontaneous

action

of

the

Greensboro

students

“sit-in”,

was

believed

to

be

the

true

beginning

of

the

civil

rights

movement.

（

）

A:错B:对答案:错“All

men

are

created

equal”

is

from

the

document

called

the

Treaty

of

Paris.

（

）

A:错B:对答案:错Although

the

13

English

colonies

stretched

out

in

different

regions

along

Atlantic

coast,

they

developed

a

similar

American

pattern

in

politics,

economy

and

cultural

life

in

mid-18th

century.

（

）

A:对B:错答案:对Optimism

in

American

culture

often

includes

a

faith

in

progress

and

a

constant

view

toward

the

future—problems

will

be

solved

and

the

future

will

be

better.

（

）

A:错B:对答案:对The

Clinton

Administration

made

international

peace,

economic

prosperity

and

promotion

of

democracy

the

three

pillars

of

American

foreign

policy.（

）

A:对B:错答案:错The

Industrial

Midwest

and

the

Agricultural

Midwest

accurately

indicate

the

primary

focus

of

them

and

make

it

easy

to

distinguish

agricultural

from

industrial

areas

in

the

West.

（

）

A:对B:错答案:错What

makes

the

most

recent

immigrants

markedly

different

from

previous

immigrants

is

that

a

minority

of

them

are

highly

skilled

workers,

professionals

(especially

engineers,

doctors,

and

nurses),

and

entrepreneurs

with

capital.

（

）

A:对B:错答案:对Whatever

changes

there

are

in

Obama’s

handling

of

foreign

affairs,

the

changes

are

tactical

in

nature.

Many

of

the

goals

of

the

Bush

Administration

remain

unchanged.

(

)

A:对B:错答案:对Orientation

to

action

is

an

important

characteristic

for

the

American

people

so

that

they’re

always

in

the

process

of

“doing

something”.

（

）

A:错误B:正确答案:正确Checks

and

balances

means

the

central

government

and

state

governments

could

limit

the

power

of

each

other’s

and

achieve

a

balance.

（

）

A:对B:错答案:错Religious

freedom

is

guaranteed

in

the

Constitution,

so

American

culture

is

generally

free

from

the

influence

of

religion,

both

in

its

historical

development

and

in

today’s

American

society.

（

）

A:错B:对答案:错Ohio

River

is

not

only

a

large

navigable

system

but

also

a

geographic

symbol------the

traditional

dividing

line

in

America

between

“East”

and

“West”.

（

）

A:对B:错答案:错Those

who

worked

in

the

civil

rights

movement

included

older,

usually

male,

Negro

leaders;

black

and

white

young

people,

some

white

professional

men

and

women,

and

some

white

housewives.

（

）

A:错B:对答案:对Southeastern

states

such

as

South

Carolina,

Georgia,

Alabama,

Mississippi

and

Louisiana

has

been

traditionally

called

the

“Deep

South”,

where

cotton

was

grown

and

slavery

was

allowed

before

the

American

Civil

War.（

）

A:对B:错答案:对The

first

permanent

settlement

Britain

established

in

North

America

was

in

today’s

New

England

region.（

）

A:对B:错答案:错Traditionally,

the

Southern

region

refers

to

the

thirteen

states

that

left

the

Union

to

form

the

Confederacy

during

the

Civil

War

period.

（

）

A:错B:对答案:错In

1607,

Britain

planted

its

first

colony,

Jamestown,

in

what

is

now

Virginia.

（

）

A:错B:对答案:对In

the

United

States,

announcing

a

belief

in

God

does

result

in

active

participation

in

religious

services.（

）

A:对B:错答案:错One

of

the

factors

in

favor

of

America’s

rapid

economic

progress

in

the

19th

century

was

the

application

of

science

and

technology

in

production.（

）

A:错B:对答案:对In

1964,

hundreds

of

volunteers

from

all

over

the

US

went

to

Missouri

to

register

Negroes

to

vote.

（

）

A:错B:对答案:错American

political

system

borrowed

many

elements

from

the

British

parliamentarism

so

that

it

can

be

seen

as

a

replication

of

the

British

system.

（

）

A:错B:对答案:错In

1965,

President

Johnson

declared

New

Frontier

Program

to

eliminate

poverty

“by

opening

to

everyone

the

opportunity

to

live

in

decency

and

dignity.”

（

）

A:错B:对答案:错The

first

settlement

in

New

England

was

established

in

Plymouth

by

Puritans

in

1620.

（

）

A:错B:对答案:对The

two

major

mountain

ranges

in

the

United

States

are

similar

to

each

other.

（

）

A:错B:对答案:错The

Declaration

of

Independence

was

mainly

drafted

by

George

Washington,

assisted

by

Benjamin

Franklin

and

John

Adams.（

）

A:错B:对答案:错The

most

significant

problem

of

the

central

government

under

the

Articles

of

Confederation

was

that

it

lacked

power

to

fulfill

its

duties.

（

）

A:对B:错答案:对Many

of

the

characteristics

of

American

people

and

American

culture

can

be

seen

as

reflections

of

the

American

Dream,

such

as

optimism.

pragmatism

and

self-reliance.

（

）

A:对B:错答案:对There

are

forty-eight

contiguous

states

in

America,

lying

between

the

Atlantic

Ocean

Pacific

Ocean,

Canada

and

Mexico.

（

）

A:对B:错答案:对American

advancement

in

education,

especially

higher

education

is

in

part

influenced

by

Puritan

legacy

from

colonial

time.（

）

A:对B:错答案:对Black

Africans

are

the

biggest

ethnic

minority

group

in

the

United

States.（

）

A:错B:对答案:错At

the

end

of

the

Second

World

War,

a

concrete

wall

separating

East

and

West

Berlin

was

built,

which

became

the

symbol

of

the

Cold

War.

(

)

A:对B:错答案:错In

the

face

of

even

the

most

difficult

situation,

Americans

are

expected

to

make

effort

to

find

a

solution,

instead

of

doing

nothing

and

waiting

for

others

to

solve

the

issue.

（

）

A:对B:错答案:对Up

to

the

Second

World

War,

American

foreign

policy

can

be

described

as

swinging

between

isolationism

and

interventionism.

(

)

A:对B:错答案:对“The

American

Dream,”

as

a

national

spirit,

came

to

mean

Americanism

in

the

20th

century.

（

）

A:对B:错答案:对Laissez-faire

is

generally

considered

as

an

important

institutional

factor

that

contributed

to

the

success

of

American

business

and

industry.

（

）

A:错B:对答案:对Federalism,

one

of

the

basic

principles

in

American

politics,

was

established

in

the

Articles

of

Confederation

to

guarantee

the

power

of

individual

states.（

）

A:错B:对答案:错If

any

government

action

or

Congressional

legislation

violates

provisions

of

the

Constitution,

any

court

of

law

has

the

power

to

make

it

ineffective.

（

）

A:对B:错答案:错President

Richard

Nixon

visited

China

and

established

formal

diplomatic

relations

with

China

in

1972.（

）

A:错B:对答案:错The

Supreme

Court

ruled

that

the

practice

of

segregating

blacks

into

separate

schools

was

unconstitutional

in

______.

(

)

A:1938B:1942C:1955D:1945答案:1945Arms

race

was

an

important

part

of

the

foreign

policy

between

the

US

and

the

Soviet

Union.

The

following

weapons/advancements

were

first

developed

in

America

EXCEPT

__________.(

)

A:atomic

bombB:hydrogen

bombC:satelliteD:nuclear

submarine答案:satelliteWhich

of

the

following

expressions

represents

the

core

value

of

the

mainstream

society

in

the

US?

(

)

A:“Blood,

sweat,

and

toil.”B:“Life,

liberty,

and

the

pursuit

of

happiness.”C:“Eat,

drink,

and

be

merry.”D:“Freedom,

equality,

and

spirituality.”答案:“Life,(

)

did

not

provide

the

leadership,

the

tactics,

or

the

people

to

fight

against

Southern

segregation

in

the

1960s.

(

)

A:The

Congress

of

Racial

EqualityB:The

Southern

Christian

Leadership

ConferenceC:The

Student

Nonviolent

Coordinating

CommitteeD:The

Student

for

a

Democratic

Society答案:The

Student

Nonviolent

Coordinating

Committee;The

Southern

Christian

Leadership

Conference;The

Congress

of

Racial

EqualityPresident

George

W.

Bush

signs

the

No

Child

Left

Behind

Act

in

______.

(

)

A:2000B:2004C:1998D:2002答案:2002“Fair

play”

is

a

principle

important

in

American

culture

that

could

be

explained

with

the

following

statements

--__________.

(

)

A:Equality

means

that

everyone

should

have

an

equal

chance

to

enter

the

race

and

win.B:Equality

of

opportunity

implies

that

the

processes

of

competition

between

individuals

should

not

be

tilted

in

favor

of

any

particular

group,

either

for

or

against.C:When

Americans

talk

about

equality,

they

literally

believe

that

everyone

is

equal

in

this

society.D:The

principle

of

equality

is

seen

as

central

to

American

values.答案:equalityA

great

economist

in

the

Industrial

Revolution

Era

was

an

Englishman

named

(

).

A:Adam

SmithB:Samuel

SlaterC:John

LockeD:Robert

Fulton答案:AI参考:正确答案是A:Adam

Smith。\n工业革命时期一位伟大的经济学家是亚当·斯密，他是英国人。其他选项中，Samuel

Slater是第一台纺织机的发明者，John

Locke是英国哲学家，Robert

Fulton是美国的发明家和工程师。因此，答案为A。'The

two

houses

of

the

US

Congress

are

__________.（

）

A:House

of

the

Democrats

and

House

of

the

RepublicansB:Federalist

house

and

Anti-federalist

houseC:Senate

and

House

of

RepresentativesD:House

of

Democracy

and

House

of

Liberalism答案:AI参考:正确答案是A:HouseoftheDemocratsandHouseoftheRepublicans。\n根据题目中的信息，美国国会两院是民主党和共和党，因此选项A中的HouseoftheDemocrats和HouseoftheRepublicans符合题意。其他选项B、C、D都与题目无关。因此，答案是A。'_________play/plays

a

strong

role

in

the

selection

of

learning

material

for

their

students.

A:TeachersB:The

US

Federal

GovernmentC:The

US

Department

of

EducationD:Some

states答案:AI参考:正确选项是【C:The

US

Department

of

Education】。\n\n根据题目中的句子“_________play/playsastrongroleintheselectionoflearningmaterialfortheirstudents.”可以得知，在选择学生的学习材料方面，某个机构或组织扮演了重要的角色。选项中，只有C选项“TheUSDepartmentofEducation”符合这个描述，因为教育部门是负责教育政策的制定和实施的组织，在选择学习材料方面也扮演着重要的角色。其他选项与句子描述不符。因此，正确答案是C。'In

the

1960s,

the

women’s

movement

was

started.

The

book

(

)

written

by

(

)

published

in

1963

changed

the

way

large

numbers

of

women

thought

about

themselves

and

other

women.

(

)

A:The

Feminine

Mystique,

Betty

FriedanB:The

Awakening,

Kate

ChopinC:Profiles

in

Courage,

John

F.

KennedyD:O

Pioneers!

Willa

Cather答案:AI参考:正确答案是A:The

Feminine

Mystique,

Betty

Friedan。\n在20世纪60年代，女性运动开始兴起。而1963年出版的由贝蒂·弗里丹所著的《女性的奥秘》改变了大量女性对自己和其他女性的看法。因此，A选项是正确答案。'Because

of

his

firm

belief

in

nonviolent

peaceful

protest,

(

)

was

awarded

the

Nobel

Prize

for

Peace

in

1964.

A:Malcolm

XB:Ella

BakerC:John

F.

KennedyD:Martin

Luther

King,

Jr.答案:AI参考:正确选项：D:Martin

Luther

King,

Jr.。\n\n根据问题描述，因为他对非暴力和平抗议的坚定信念，MartinLutherKing，Jr.在1964年被授予诺贝尔和平奖。因此，正确答案为D。'Three

of

the

following

changes

among

many

blacks

took

place

after

the

1960s.

(

)

was

not

true.

(

)

A:Blacks

felt

that

the

black

community

ought

to

coexist

with

other

groups

equally.B:Blacks

felt

more

and

more

confidents

that

they

would

be

fully

integrated

into

the

mainstream

of

American

life.C:Blacks

felt

that

“black

is

beautiful”.D:Blacks

felt

more

and

more

proud

of

themselves.答案:AI参考:正确答案是D：Blacksfeltmoreandmoreproudofthemselves.\n\n在黑人群体中发生了许多变化，但下列变化中只有“黑人对自己感到越来越自豪”是不正确的。其他选项A、B、C都是正确的，它们分别涉及到黑人应该与其他群体平等共存、黑人自信地融入美国生活的主流以及黑人认为“黑就是美”。因此，选项D是不正确的。'The

first

factory

in

the

US

was

a

(

)

in

Pawtucket,

Rhode

Island.

(

)

A:cotton

textile

millB:firearm

factoryC:steamboat

millD:automobile

factory答案:AI参考:正确答案是A：cottontextilemill。\n根据题目中的描述“ThefirstfactoryintheUSwasafactoryinPawtucket,RhodeIsland.”，可以得知这家工厂是位于美国罗德岛州帕特乌特克里的第一家工厂，而选项中只有A选项是关于棉纺织厂的描述，因此答案为A。其他选项B、C、D分别与题目描述不符。'In

the

summer

of

1963,

hundreds

of

thousands

of

peaceful

demonstrators

went

to

Washington,

D.C.,

where

Martin

Luther

King

gave

the

famous

speech

(

).

A:Duty,

Honor,

CountryB:Duties

of

American

CitizenshipC:Freedom

or

DeathD:I

Have

a

Dream答案:AI参考:正确选项：D:I

Have

a

Dream\n\n在1963年的夏天，成千上万的和平示威者前往华盛顿特区，马丁·路德·金发表了著名的演讲（D）。\n\n根据题目所给的四个选项，A选项“职责、荣誉、国家”与演讲内容无关；B选项“美国公民的义务”也不符合演讲主题；C选项“自由或死亡”虽然与演讲主题有关，但并不是演讲的主要内容；而D选项“我有一个梦想”是马丁·路德·金在演讲中的核心内容，表达了他对种族平等和自由的追求。因此，D选项是正确答案。'(

)

is

not

the

root

of

affluence

of

American

business

and

industry.

(

)

A:Religious,

political

and

social

traditionsB:Bountiful

resources

and

the

geographical

size

of

the

countryC:The

institutional

structures

of

government

and

businessD:The

construction

and

development

of

transportation

system答案:AI参考:正确答案是A:Religious,politicalandsocialtraditions。\n\n该句的意思是“宗教、政治和社会传统不是美国商业和工业繁荣的根源”，因此选项A“宗教、政治和社会传统”是正确的答案。其他选项B（丰富的资源和国家的地理位置）、C（政府和商业的制度结构）、D（交通系统的建设和开发）与句意不符。'The

founding

of

the

United

States

of

America

was

marked

on

July

4,

1776,

when

__________

was

passed

by

the

continental

Congress.

A:the

Peace

of

ParisB:the

Treaty

of

ParisC:the

Intolerable

ActsD:the

Declaration

of

Independence答案:AI参考:正确选项是【D:the

Declaration

of

Independence】。\n\n根据题干中的信息，美国成立于1776年7月4日，当时是由大陆会议通过了一项宣言。因此，选项D“theDeclarationofIndependence”是最符合语境的正确选项。选项A、B、C都不符合题干中所描述的情况。'After

working

in

the

south

during

(

)

in

1964,

many

white

students

from

the

North

changed

greatly,

both

in

appearance

and

in

their

attitudes

and

beliefs.

(

)

A:Greensboro

sit-inB:Freedom

SummerC:Montgomery

bus

boycottD:War

on

Poverty答案:AI参考:答案为C：Montgomerybusboycott\n在句子中提到了南方，并且在1964年之后许多北方的白人学生都发生了变化，从外表、态度和信仰等方