甘肃省天水市秦安县第四中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期中英语试题

秦安县第四中学20222023学年第一学期期中考试试卷高二英语第Ⅰ卷(选择题)第一部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ALanguageshavebeeningandgoingforthousandsofyears,butinrecenttimestherehasbeenlessingandalotmoregoing.Whentheworldwasstillpopulatedbyhunter­gatherers,small,tightlyknitconnectedgroupsdevelopedtheirownpatternsofspeechindependentofeachother.Somelanguageexpertsbelievethat10,000yearsago,whentheworldhadjustfivetotenmillionpeople,theyspokeperhaps12,000languagesbetweenthem.Soonafterwards,manyofthosepeoplestartedsettlingdowntobeefarmers,andtheirlanguagestoobecamemoresettledandfewerinnumber.Inrecentcenturies,trade,industrialization,thedevelopmentofthenation­stateandthespreadofuniversalpulsoryeducation,especiallyglobalisationandbettermunicationsinthepastfewdecades,allhavecausedmanylanguagestodisappear,anddominantlanguagessuchasEnglish,SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytakingover.Atpresent,theworldhasabout6,800languages.Thedistributionoftheselanguagesishugelyuneven.Thegeneralruleisthatmildzoneshaverelativelyfewlanguages,oftenspokenbymanypeople,whilehot,wetzoneshavelots,oftenspokenbysmallnumbers.Europehasonlyaround200languages;theAmericasabout1,000;Africa2,400;andAsiaandthePacificperhaps3，200,ofwhichPapuaNewGuineaaloneaccountsforwellover800.Themediannumber(中位数)ofspeakersisamere6,000,whichmeansthathalftheworld'slanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat.Alreadywellover400ofthetotalof6，800languagesareclosetoextinction,withonlyafewelderlyspeakersleft.Pick,atrandom,BusuuinCameroon(eightremainingspeakers),ChiapanecoinMexico(150),LipanApacheintheUnitedStates(twoorthree)orWadjiguinAustralia(one,withaquestionmark):noneoftheseseemstohavemuchchanceofsurvival.1.Whatcanweinferaboutlanguagesinhunter­gatherertimes?A.Theydevelopedveryfast. B.Theyhadsimilarpatterns.C.Theywerelargeinnumber. D.Theywerecloselyconnected.2Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“dominant”underlinedinParagraph2?A.Modern. B.Powerful. C.plex. D.Advanced.3.Howmanylanguagesarespokenbylessthan6,000peopleatpresent?A.About6,800. B.About1,200.C.About3,400. D.About2,400.【答案】1.C2.B3.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了随着时代的变迁，语言的数量在不断的变化。10000年前，当世界上只有500万到1000万人时，他们之间可能会说12000种语言。目前，世界上大约有6800种语言。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Somelanguageexpertsbelievethat10,000yearsago,whentheworldhadjustfivetotenmillionpeople,theyspokeperhaps12,000languagesbetweenthem.(一些语言专家认为，10000年前，当世界上只有500万到1000万人时，他们之间可能会说12000种语言。)”推知，在狩猎时代，语言的数量非常的庞大，故选C。【2题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段“allhavecausedmanylanguagestodisappear,anddominantlanguagessuchasEnglish,SpanishandChineseareincreasinglytakingover.（所有这些都导致了许多语言的消失，英语、西班牙语和汉语等dominant语言正日益占据主导地位)”中的increasinglytakingover可知，英语、西班牙和汉语正在占据主导地位，说明这三种语言具有强大的生命力；A.Modern现代的；B.Powerful强大的；C.plex复杂的；D.Advanced先进的；选项B修饰language符合语境，故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Themediannumber(中位数)ofspeakersisamere6,000,whichmeansthathalftheworld'slanguagesarespokenbyfewerpeoplethanthat.(语言者的中位数仅为6000人，这意味着世界上一半的语言的使用者人数少于6000人。)”以及“Atpresent,theworldhasabout6,800languages.(目前，世界上大约有6800种语言。)”可知，目前，大约有3400种语言的使用者少于6000人，故选C。BKyleCassidyandthreeothermembersoftheAnnenbergRunningGroupwerestretchingonthegroundsoftheUniversityofPennsylvania,waitingforafewlateers.ThePenncolleaguesandothermunitymembersmeetthreedaysaweekforaroughly30minutejogandanoccasionallecture.That'sright―duringsomeruns,oneofthemdeliversatalk.TopicsrangefromthebraintoBitcoin.ButonthisdaylastJanuary,itwouldnotbetheirnormalrun.Thefirstcluethatsomethingwasoffwasthemanwhosprintedpastthem."Runningatanamazingpace,"CassidytoldRunner'sWorldadmiringly.Cassidydiscoveredwhythesprinterwassofleetoffootwhenanothermanranby,yelling,“Help!Hetookmyphoneandlaptop!"Atthat,thegroupdidwhatrunningclubsdo:Theyran,trailingthesuspectdownthestreetsofPhiladelphiauntilheduckedintoaconstructionsite.Therunnerssplitup.Cassidyranaroundtothefarsideofthesitetocutthethiefoffwhiletheotherswanderedtheneighborhoodhopinghehaddumpedtheloot（赃物）inabackyard.Noluck.Sotheydecidedtoaskresidentswhetherthey'dseentheguy.Whentheyknockedonthedoorofonerowhouse,theywereinforasurprise.Unknowntothem,hehadalreadyemergedfromtheconstructionsite—andwashidingbehindabushbythatveryhouse.Astheowneropenedthedoor,thesuspectdartedoutfrombehindthebush...andrightintothearmsofcampuspolice,who'djoinedthechaseshortlybehindtherunners.Themembersofthisrunninggrouparenothardcoreathletes.Buttheydounderstandthebenefitofalittleexercise.''Runningistypicallyauselesssportwhereyouturnfatcellsintoheat,"CassidytoldThePhiladelphiaInquirer."Butoccasionallyitcanbeuseful,andherewasoneofthoseopportunities."4.Whydothegroupmembersgathertogether?A.Todosomestretching. B.Tohavearegularrun.C.Todeliveralecture. D.Tocoversometopics.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"sprinted"inParagraph2probablymean?A.Dashed. B.Pushed.C.Jumped. D.Escaped.6Wecaninferthatthesuccessofthechaseismainlydueto____.A.theassistanceoftherunners B.theowneroftherowhouseC.thecampuspoliceonpatrol D.thejointeffortsofthepeople7.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesCassidy?A.Athleticandgenerous. B.Courageousandambitious.C.Helpfulandhumorous. D.Thoughtfulanddemanding.【答案】4.B5.A6.D7.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了跑步俱乐部成员和校园警察等众人合力将抢了别人和笔记本电脑的嫌犯抓获的故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“ThePenncolleaguesandothermunitymembersmeetthreedaysaweekforaroughly30minutejogandanoccasionallecture.”可知，宾州大学的同事和其他社区成员每周集结三天，进行大约30分钟的慢跑，由此可知，小组成员聚在一起是为了进行常规的跑步，故B项正确。【5题详解】词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“"Runningatanamazingpace,"”可知，这个人跑的速度非常快，应该是从他们的身边疾驰而过，由此可知画线词词义为“猛冲”，故A项正确。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Atthat,thegroupdidwhatrunningclubsdo:Theyran,trailingthesuspectdownthestreetsofPhiladelphiauntilheduckedintoaconstructionsite.”及第四段中的“Astheowneropenedthedoor,thesuspectdartedoutfrombehindthebush...andrightintothearmsofcampuspolice,who'djoinedthechaseshortlybehindtherunners.”等细节描写可知，众人（跑步俱乐部成员和校园警察等）合力将抢了别人和笔记本电脑的嫌犯抓获，故D项正确。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Cassidyranaroundtothefarsideofthesitetocutthethiefoff”可知，劫案发生后，卡西迪马上投入到对嫌犯的追捕之中，这说明他乐于助人；再根据最后一段中的“''Runningistypicallyauselesssportwhereyouturnfatcellsintoheat,"CassidytoldThePhiladelphiaInquirer."Butoccasionallyitcanbeuseful,andherewasoneofthoseopportunities."”可知，卡西迪对记者说“跑步通常是一项无用的运动，你可以将脂肪细胞转化为热量，但偶尔也会有用，这就是其中一个机会”，这是一种诙谐的说法，说明他很幽默，由此可知，卡西迪既乐于助人又有幽默感，故C项正确。CMyhusbandandIhadbeenmarriednearlytwentytwoyearswhenIacquiredStevensJohnsonsyndrome,adisorderwheremyimmunesystem(免疫系统)respondedtoavirusbyproducingpainfulblisters(水疱).Althoughmylongtermevaluationwasgood,I,whohadbeensofiercelyindependent,rapidlybecameabsolutelyhelpless.Myhusband,Scott,steppeduptotheplate,takingcareofkidsandcookingdinners.Healsobecamemypersonalcaretaker,applyingthemedicinetoallofmyblistersbecausemyhandscouldn’tdothejob.Needlesstosay,Ihadnegativeemotions,bouncingfromembarrassmenttoshamecausedbytotalrelianceonsomeoneotherthanmyself.AtonepointwhenIhadmentallyandphysicallyhitbottomsIrememberthinkingthatScottmustsomehowlovememorethanIcouldeverlovehim.Withmyillness,hehadbeethestrongerone,andItheweakerone.Andthisdisturbedme.Irecoveredfrommyillness,butIcouldn’tseemtorecoverfromthethoughtthatIlovedmyhusbandlessthanhelovedme.Thisseemingdistinctioninourlovecontinuedtoannoymefortheyearfollowingmyillness.ThenrecentlyScottandIwentonalongbikeride.He’sanexperiencedcyclist;I’mquitethegreenhand.Atonepointwithastrongheadwindandsharppainbuildinginmytiredlegs,IreallythoughtIcouldn’tgoanyfurther.Seeingmestruggle,Scottpulledinfrontofmeandyelledoverhisshoulder,“Stayclosebehindme.”AsIfellintothedraftofhissixfootthreeinchframeandfollowedhissteps,IdiscoveredthatmylegsquitburningandIwasabletocatchmybreath.Myhusbandwaspullingmealongagain.AtthisverymomentIwokeuptowhatInowbelieve:duringtheseandothertoughtimes,lovehastheopportunitytobeestrongerwhenonepartnerlearnstoleanontheother.Ipraymyhusbandwillalwaysbestrongandhealthy.Butifheshouldeverbeethestrugglingone,whetheronabikerideorwithanillness,ItrustI’llbereadytocallouttohim:Stayclosebehindmemyturntopullyoualong.8.Whatmadetheauthorfeelhelpless?A.Hertreatmentfailure.B.Herhusbandcaringforhertoomuch.C.Herlosingthepreviousindependence.D.Hersufferringfromillnessandmentaldisorder.9.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheauthor’shusband?A.Familycentered.B.Notgoodattakingaction.C.Careercentered.D.Independentbuttiredofnegativeemotions.10.Whatdidtheauthor’shusbanddowhengoingonthelongbikeride?A.Followedherclosely. B.Gaveintoherdepression.C.Backedherupalltheway. D.Stoppedtotakecareofher.11.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedphrase“steppeduptotheplate”inparagraph2?A.Movedintobattingposition. B.Begantotaketheresponsibility.C.Walkedtothekitchen. D.Begantowashtheplates.【答案】8.C9.A10.C11.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者得病后，她的丈夫一直照顾她，鼓励和支持她，给她帮助和力量;作者最后也发出感慨，倘若有一天角色互换，她也会同样给她的丈夫支持和力量。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Althoughmylongtermevaluationwasgood,I,whohadbeensofiercelyindependent,rapidlybecameabsolutelyhelpless.”（尽管我的长期评价是好的，但我一直非常独立，很快变得完全无助）和第二段“Ihadnegativeemotions,bouncingfromembarrassmenttoshamecausedbytotalrelianceonsomeoneotherthanmyself.”（我有负面情绪，从尴尬到羞愧，都是因为完全依赖别人而不是自己）可知作者曾经非常独立，但得病后完全依赖丈夫而变得很无助，感到尴尬和羞愧。故选C。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Myhusband,Scott,steppeduptotheplate,takingcareofkidsandcookingdinners.Healsobecamemypersonalcaretaker,applyingthemedicinetoallofmyblistersbecausemyhandscouldn'tdothejob.”（我的丈夫斯科特走到盘子前，一边照顾孩子，一边做饭。他也成为了我的个人护理员，因为我的手不能做这项工作，所以他给我所有的水泡都涂了药）可知丈夫在作者得病后照顾家庭，看护生病的作者，由此判断他是个顾家的人，故选A。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Seeingmestruggle,Scottpulled(拉)infrontofmeandyelledoverhisshoulder,Stayclosebehindme(紧紧跟着我)”（看到我挣扎，斯科特把车开到我前面，扭头喊道:紧紧跟在我后面）和“Myhusbandwaspullingmealongagain.”（我丈夫又拉着我。）可知作者进行长途的骑车运动时，她的丈夫一路上给她支持和鼓励，B选项backedherupalltheway意为一路上支持她，符合题干，故选C。【11题详解】猜测词义题。根据下文“takingcareofkidsandcookingdinners”（照顾孩子，做饭）此处指我生病后丈夫开始行动，履行自己的责任。照顾家庭，看护生病的作者。steppeduptotheplate指开始行动，承担责任。故选B。DEatingspicyfoodsfrequentlymaybetiedtoaslightlylowerriskofanearlierdeath,accordingtoanewstudy.However,moreresearchisneededtoconfirmthelink,expertssay.Theresearchersfoundthatthepeopleinthestudywhoatespicyfoodsoneortwodaysaweekwere10percentlesslikelytodieduringthestudy,paredwiththosewhoatespicyfoodslessthanonceaweek,accordingtothestudypublishedtoday(Aug.4)inthejournalTheBMJ.Moreover,thepeopleinthestudywhoatespicyfoodsthreeormoredaysaweekwere14percentlesslikelytodieduringthestudy,paredwiththosewhoatespicyfoodslessthanonceaweek.However,thestudywasobservational,andsoitistooearlytotellwhetherthereisacausalrelationshipbetweeneatingspicyfoodandlowermortality,saidstudyauthorLuQi,anassociateprofessoratHarvardSchoolofPublicHealthinBoston,Massachusetts."Wedefinitelyneedmoredatafromotherpopulations,"QitoldLiveScience.“Theresearchersdon'tknowwhyexactlytheconsumptionofspicyfoodmaybelinkedtolowermortality,butpreviousresearchoncellsandanimalshassuggestedseveralpossiblemechanisms,”Qisaid.“Itisunclearwhethertheobservedassociationsarethedirectresultofspicyfoodintake,orwhetherspicyfoodsaresimplyamarkerforotherbeneficialbutunmeasureddietaryponents(成分),”saidNitaForouhi,anutritionalexpect.Atthispoint,researchersdon'tknowforsurewhethereatingspicyfoodscanhaveabeneficialeffectonhumanhealthandmortality,Forouhiwrote."Futureresearchisneededtomakesurewhetherspicyfoodconsumptionhasthepotentialtoimprovehealthandreducemortalitydirectly,orifitismerelyamarkerofotherdietaryandlifestylefactors,"shesaid.12.Whichsectionofanewspaperisthearticleprobablytakenfrom?A.Advertisement B.BusinessC.Science D.Education13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“mortality”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Deathrate B.LivingcostC.Physicalsuffering D.Energyrequirement14.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?A.LinkbetweenfoodandhealthB.AssociationbetweenacertainfoodandhealthC.ConnectionbetweenhabitsandhealthD.Relationbetweenfoodandhealth15.What’sthewriter’sattitudetowardseatingspicyfoodsfrequently?A.Negative B.PositiveC.Doubtful D.Objective【答案】12.C13.A14.B15.D【解析】【分析】这篇文章是说明文。主要讲了新的研究发现表明经常吃轻微的辛辣食品可能有助于减少死亡。【12题详解】推理判断题。这篇文章主要讲了新的研究发现表明经常吃轻微的辛辣食品可能有助于减少死亡，所以这篇文章最可能出现在报纸的科学版块，选C。【13题详解】词义猜测题。根据第二段“Theresearchersfoundthatthepeopleinthestudywhoatespicyfoodsoneortwodaysaweekwere10percentlesslikelytodieduringthestudy,paredwiththosewhoatespicyfoodslessthanonceaweek,accordingtothestudypublishedtoday(Aug.4)inthejournalTheBMJ.Moreover,thepeopleinthestudywhoatespicyfoodsthreeormoredaysaweekwere14percentlesslikelytodieduringthestudy,”（研究人员发现，在研究期间，与每周吃辛辣食物少于一次的人相比，每周吃一到两天辛辣食物的人死亡的可能性要低10%。根据今天(8月8日)发表的英国医学杂志》研究。此外，在研究中，每周吃3天或3天以上辛辣食物的人在研究期间死亡的可能性降低了14%，）可知，研究吃辛辣食物和死亡率的关系，故猜测出“mortality”的意思是死亡率，选A。【14题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Eatingspicyfoodsfrequentlymaybetiedtoaslightlylowerriskofanearlierdeath,accordingtoanewstudy.”（一项新研究表明，经常吃辛辣食物可能与略低的早死风险有关。）这篇文章主要讲了新的研究发现表明经常吃轻微的辛辣食品可能有助于减少死亡，也就是讲了特定食物和健康之间的联系，选B。【15题详解】推理判断题。作者只是客观的说明了别人的观点，并没有表明自己的想法，故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)Weallknowwhatitmeanswhenaniceenvelopelandsinyourmailbox:Someone’sgettingmarried,andthey’rehopingthatyoucanbethereforthebigday.Whilesayingyestotheinvitationisarelativelystraightforwardprocess,thingscangetabitawkwardifyou’renotsosureaboutattending.____16____.Tohelpyougetoutoftheseformalengagementswithoutfeelingawkward,we’veconsultedKatieBalmer,aleadingweddingexpertinScotland.FollowtheformatThelevelofformalityshouldbeinformedbythewaythattheinvitationwassent.____17____,youshoulddeclineviapost.Ifthemessagecameinanemail,asimpleemailexpressingyourregretswilldo.Don’tputoffyourresponseIfyoualreadyknowthatyoucan’tmakeitforwhateverreason,don’thesitatetoletthehappycoupleknowwhy.“Itisveryimportanttorespondin.goodtime.____18____,”saysBalmer.____19____Whileit’sanicegesturetoofferareasonforyourrefusal,there’snoneedtobeextreme.Asimpleresponsewilldo,andit’sanespeciallybadideatoemphasizeyourreasonifit’scostrelated.Itwillestablishnothingbeyondmakingthecouplefeelbad.Don’tchangeyourdecision____20____,itisimportanttosticktothatdecision.“Goingbackandforthonlyaddstotheinconvenienceforthesoontobenewlyweds,”saysBalmer.“Aslongasyouarehonestandtimely,thebrideandgroomshouldunderstand.”A.MakeituptothecoupleB.BebriefinyourexplanationC.IftheofferwassenttoyoubymailD.DonotleaveituntilthelastpossiblemomentE.OncethedecisionnottoattendtheweddinghasbeendecidedF.Otherwise,youriskaddingtothecouplerslastminuteweddingstressG.Turningdownaweddingisasituationwhereyoucanfeelverypersonal【答案】16.G17.C18.D19.B20.E【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。这篇短文介绍如果接到婚礼邀请，如果没有时间要及时拒绝，不要拖延，也不要来回变化。【16题详解】根据上文“Whilesayingyestotheinvitationisarelativelystraightforwardprocess,thingscangetabitawkwardifyou’renotsosureaboutattending.(虽然接受邀请是一个相对简单的过程，但如果你不确定是否要参加，事情可能会变得有点尴尬)”可知，上文提到不确定参加的话，事情会变得很尴尬。推知下一句要表达拒绝婚礼会怎么样。故G项“拒绝婚礼是一种让你觉得很私人的情况”符合语境。故选G。【17题详解】根据后文“youshoulddeclineviapost.Ifthemessagecameinanemail,asimpleemailexpressingyourregretswilldo.(你应该通过邮件拒绝。如果这条信息是通过电子邮件发送的，发一封简单的电子邮件表达你的遗憾就可以了)”可知，后文提到了邮件邀请如何拒绝的情况。故C项“如果通过邮件邀请你”符合语境。故选C。【18题详解】根据本段的标题“Don’tputoffyourresponse(不要拖延你的回复)”，以及本段意思是说如果确定自己无法参加，不要拖延，尽快地让对方知道。故D项“不要把它留到最后一个可能的时刻。”符合语境。故选D。【19题详解】根据本段“Whileit’sanicegesturetoofferareasonforyourrefusal,there’snoneedtobeextreme.Asimpleresponsewilldo,andit’sanespeciallybadideatoemphasizeyourreasonifit’scostrelated.Itwillestablishnothingbeyondmakingthecouplefeelbad.(虽然给出拒绝的理由是一种很好的姿态，但没必要太极端。一个简单的回答就可以了，如果是与成本相关的，强调你的理由是一个特别糟糕的主意。这只会让夫妻俩感觉很糟糕)”可知本段表达自己的解释要简短。故B项“你的解释要简短”符合语境。故选B。【20题详解】根据标题“Don’tchangeyourdecision(不要改变决定)”以及下文提到决定反复会给新婚夫妇带来不便，可知要坚持自己的决定。故E项“一旦决定不参加婚礼，重要的是要坚持这个决定”符合语境。故选E。第二部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)I’mproudofmyselfforthiskindnessIdidlastnight.Ididit___21___anddidtherightthing.However,Iwasunwillingtoshare,becausebysharingIamalsosharingthe___22___andmoreselfcenteredsideofmyself.ItwaslastnightandI___23___myshiftatwork.ItwaslateandIwantedtogostraighthome.OnmywayoutofthedoorInoticedafellowstaffmemberandcolleague.Shedoesn’thavea___24___andusuallyeithercatchesataxihomeor___25___foranhourwaitingforanotherstaffmemberandfriendofherstofinishwork.InthepastI’ve___26___todriveherhomeasshe___27___onmysideoftown.ButlastnightIreallydidnotwantto.Iwantedtodrivestraighthome,alone.AndIdidnothavetomake“smalltalk”．SoItriedto___28___her,walkingpasther,headingdown,andstealingout(偷溜)tothe___29___withoutlettingherseemeand___30___withoutofferingheralift.Yet,somethinginmyselfwasstoppingme.Somethinginmyselfmademelookatherandputmyselfinhershoes.Shehadyoung___31___whoshewantedtogohometoattendtoand,shecouldgohomerightnow___32___Itookher,notanhourlaterwhentheotherstaffmemberandfriendofherswhowastakingher.SoIoffered.She___33___.Andofcourse,shewasextremely___34___．Well,Ilearnedagreat___35___lastnightaboutnotbeingsoself­centeredandselfish!21.A.nervously B.proudly C.exactly D.carefully22.A.pleasure B.respect C.honour D.selfish23.A.changed B.kept C.finished D.missed24.A.home B.choice C.friend D.car25.A.hangsaround B.hidesaway C.watchesover D.calmsdown26.A.hated B.happened C.offered D.refused27.A.works B.lives C.plays D.remains28.A.remind B.avoid C.attract D.please29.A.workroom B.office C.playground D.park30.A.therefore B.even C.however D.instead31.A.neighbours B.pets C.children D.friends32.A.since B.although C.as D.if33.A.accepted B.hesitated C.approached D.urged34.A.reliable B.upset C.generous D.grateful35.A.gift B.lesson C.treasure D.method【答案】21.B22.D23.C24.D25.A26.C27.B28.B29.D30.A31.C32.D33.A34.D35.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在下班回家时遇到同事，作者在考虑了之后最终决定送她们回家，这件事也给作者上了人生的重要一课，做人不能以自我为中心，也不能太自私。【21题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我自豪的做到了，做了正确的事。A.nervously紧张地；B.proudly骄傲地、自豪地；C.exactly完全正确；D.carefully小心地。根据第一句“I’mproudofmyselfforthiskindnessIdidlastnight(我为自己昨晚的善意感到骄傲)”可知，作者骄傲的是做了一件正确的事，故选B。【22题详解】考查名词和形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，我不愿意分享，通过分享我也分享了自私和更以自我为中心的一面。A.pleasure快乐；B.respect尊重；C.honour尊敬；D.selfish自私的。根据下文“moreselfcentered”可知，作者不愿意分享的原因是通过分享就分享了自己自私和自我为中心的一面。故选D【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那是昨晚，我完成了工作。A.changed改变；B.kept保留；C.finished完成；D.missed错过。根据后一句“ItwaslateandIwantedtogostraighthome.(时间很晚了，我想直接回家)”可知，作者完成了工作准备回家。故选C。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她没有车，通常要么打车回家，要么等待一个小时，等待另一位同事兼她的朋友完成工作。A.home家；B.choice选择；C.friend朋友；D.car汽车。根据空后“usuallyeithercatchesataxihome(通常是乘出租车回家)”可知，同事没有汽车。故选D。【25题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：她没有车，通常要么打车回家，要么等待一个小时，等待另一位同事兼她的朋友完成工作。A.hangsaround（在某处）等待；B.hidesaway躲起来；C.watchesover监视；D.calmsdown冷静下来。根据下文“foranhourwaitingfor(等待一个小时)”可知，她要等一个多小时。故选A。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：过去，我曾提出开车送她回家，因为她住在我这边。A.hated憎恨；B.happened发生；C.offered主动提供；D.refused拒绝。根据后文“ButlastnightIreallydidnotwantto(但是昨晚我不想送她)”可知，那个同事住在作者附近的小镇，在以前，作者会主动提出开车送她回家。故选C。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：过去，我曾提出开车送她回家，因为她住在我这边。A.works工作；B.lives生活；C.plays玩；D.remains保持。根据上文“InthepastI’ve6todriveherhome(过去我曾开车送她回家)”可知，作者把她送回家是因为她生活在作者附近的小镇。故选B。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以我试图避开她，从她身边走过，低着头，偷偷溜到停车场，不让她看到我，因此也不让她搭车。A.remind提醒；B.avoid避免；C.attract吸引；D.please请。根据上文“ButlastnightIreallydidnotwantto(但是昨晚我不想送她)”和“Iwantedtodrivestraighthome,alone.AndIdidnothavetomake“smalltalk”.(我想一个人直接开车回家，而且我不必“闲聊”)”可知，作者想直接开车回家，一个人回家，不想送同事，所以作者是想避开那个同事开车回家。故选B。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以我试图避开她，从她身边走过，低着头，偷偷溜到停车场，不让她看到我，因此也不让她搭车。A.workroom工作室；B.office办公室；C.playground操场；D.park停车场。根据上文“Iwantedtodrivestraighthome,alone.(我想一个人直接开车回家)”可知，作者开车回家需要去停车场。故选D。【30题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：所以我试图避开她，从她身边走过，低着头，偷偷溜到停车场，不让她看到我，因此也不让她搭车。A.therefore因此；B.even甚至；C.however然而；D.instead相反。作者从她身边走过，低下头，偷偷到了停车场，因此没给她上作者车的机会。故选A。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她有几个孩子，她想回家照顾，如果我带她，她可以马上回家，而不是一小时后，她的另一位同事兼朋友带她回家。A.neighbors邻居；Bpets宠物；C.children儿童；D.friends朋友。根据下文“whoshewantedtogohometoattendtoand,shecouldgohomerightnow(她想回家照顾，她可以立刻回家)”可知，因为她要照顾孩子，如果作者载她，她能立即回家。故选C。【32题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：她有几个孩子，她想回家照顾，如果我带她，她可以马上回家，而不是一小时后，她的另一位同事兼朋友带她回家。A.since自从；B.although尽管；C.as作为；D.if如果。根据本处语境可知，如果作者送她回家的话她马上就可以回家。故选D。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她接受了。A.accepted接受；B.hesitated犹豫；C.approached接近；D.urged催促。根据上文“SoIoffered(因此我载她一程)”以及她要回家照顾孩子，可知，作者提出送她回家时，她接受了。故选A。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当然，她非常感激。A.reliable可靠的；B.upset心烦意乱的；C.generous大方的；D.grateful感激的。作者送她回家，对方是感激的。故选D。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我昨晚学到了重要的教训，那就是不要那么自我为中心和自私。A.gift礼物；B.lesson教训，课；C.treasure宝藏；D.method方法。根据下文“notbeingsoselfcenteredandselfish!(不要那么自我为中心和自私)”可知，经过昨晚的这件事作者学到了很重要的教训。故选B。第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Veniceisanattractivecitybetweentheseaandthesky.Thecity___36___(consist)ofover100islandsandtherearen’tanycarsorbuses.Alltheislands___37___(link)bycanalsandbridges,makingit___38___(convenience)forpeopletotravelaroundthecity.Thebest­knownofthecanals,theGrandCanal,serves___39___themainstreetinthepartofthecity.Venicehasalotofworld­famoustourist___40___(attraction),includingSaintMark’sSquare,theDoge’sPalaceandSaintMark’sBasilica,___41___isthecity’smostfamouschurch.Everyyearthousands___42___touristsvisitthisbeautifulcity.Theyalwaysfindthemselves___43___(impress)bythecity’sculturaltreasures.Sadly,theItaliancityhasbeenregularlyfloodedbyrisingseawaterovertheyears.FromNovembertoFebruary,sealevelrisesuptooneandahalfmeters,___44___(cover)manyofVenice’sfamousareas.ButpeopleinVenicestilllovetheircity.Theyareunwilling___45___(leave).Instead,theywanttostaytheretosaveVenicefromthesea.【答案】36.consists37.arelinked38.convenient39.as40.attractions41.which42.of43.impressed44.covering45.toleave【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了水城威尼斯的情况。【36题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这座城市由100多个岛屿组成，没有任何汽车或公共汽车。consistof意为“包括，由……组成”，为固定短语，不能用于被动语态。结合句意可知本句陈述事实用一般现在时，且主语为Thecity，故谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填consists。【37题详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：所有的岛屿都由运河和桥梁连接在一起，使人们在城市中旅行变得方便。结合句意可知本句陈述事实用一般现在时，且主语Alltheislands“所有的岛屿”与link“连接”为被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态。故填arelinked。【38题详解】考查形容词。句意：所有的岛屿都由运河和桥梁连接在一起，使人们在城市中旅行变得方便。分析句子结构可知，本空填convenience的形容词convenient“方便的”，作宾补。故填convenient。【39题详解】考查介词。句意：其中最著名的运河是大运河，它是该市的主要街道。根据句意及空前的serve可知，此处使用介词as，serveas“用作，充当”，为固定短语。故填as。【40题详解】考查名词复数。句意：威尼斯有许多世界著名的旅游景点，包括圣马可广场、多格宫和该市最著名的教堂圣马可大教堂。touristattraction意为“旅游景点”。根据句意及空前的alotof可知，此处使用名词复数形式，作宾语。故填attractions。【41题详解】考查定语从句。句意：威尼斯有许多世界著名的旅游景点，包括圣马可广场、多格宫和该市最著名的教堂圣马可大教堂。分析句子结构可知，此处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词SaintMark’sBasilica，指物，关系词作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。【42题详解】考查介词。句意：每年都有成千上万的游客参观这座美丽的城市。根据句意及空前的thousands可知，此处使用介词of，thousandsof“成千上万的”，为固定短语。故填of。【43题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们总是发现这座城市的文化瑰宝给自己留下了深刻的印象。分析句子结构可知，本句谓语为find，故本空为非谓语，且themselves与impress“给……留下深刻印象”为被动关系，故用过去分词，作宾补。故填impressed。44题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：从11月到2月，海平面上升到1.5米，覆盖了威尼斯的许多著名地区。分析句子结构可知，本句谓语为rises，故本空为非谓语动词，且sealevel与cover“覆盖”为主动关系，故用现在分词covering，作结果状语。故填covering。【45题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们不愿意离开。beunwillingtodosth“不愿意做某事”；leave“离开”。根据句意及空前的areunwilling可知，此处使用不定式toleave。故填toleave。第三部分写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假定你是李华。你在英国参加国际交流活动期间，打算参观大英博物馆。你在网上看到一则相关的广告，但有一些信息不明确。请给大英博物馆的负责人发一封邮件，询问有关情况。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Onepossibleversion:DearSir/Madam,YouradvertisementontheInternethascaughtmyattention.IamplanningtovisittheBritishMuseum.NowIamwritingtofindoutmoreinformationaboutit.Firstly,IamjustwonderingwhetheritisopenontheweekendandwhenitisopenonFridays.Secondly,couldyoutellmehowmuchthevisitorhastopayfortheadmission?Besides,Iwanttoknowhowlongittakestovisitthemuseum.Iwouldbegratefulifyoucouldprovidemoreinformationforme.Iamlookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.Yours,LiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给大英博物馆的负责人发一封邮件，询问就参观大英博物馆不太明确的信息。【详解】1.词汇积累引起某人的注意：catchone’sattention→drawone’sattention计划，安排：plan→schedule参观：visit→payavisitto感激的：grateful→appreciative2.句式拓展合并简单句原句：IamplanningtovisittheBritishMuseum.NowIamwritingtofindoutmoreinformationaboutit.拓展句：PlanningtovisittheBritishMuseum,nowIamwritingtofindoutmoreinformationaboutit.【点睛】【高分句型1】Firstly,IamjustwonderingwhetheritisopenontheweekendandwhenitisopenonFridays.(运用了wheher和when引导的宾语从句)【高分句型2】Iwouldbegratefulifyoucouldprovidemoreinformationforme.(运用了if引导的条件状语从句)第二节读后续写(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Inmyearlythirties,mycareerinteachingwasnotwhatIdreameditwouldbe.Ileftthejobandmovedinwithmyparents