新概念英语第三册第21课

UNIT2Lesson21

DanielMendozaSummarywritingofL20BleriotandLathamarrivedinCalaisonJuly21st,1909.thoughitlookedasiftherewouldbearaceonJuly25th,Lathamdidn’ttakepart,becausehedidn’tgetupearlyenough.Aftermakingashorttestflight,BleriotcrossedtheChannelinthirty-sevenminutes.ApolicemangreetedhimwhenhearrivedinDover.LathamgotwithinhalfamileofDoverthefollowingweek,havingtolandontheseaasecondtimebecausehisenginefailedagain.boxingn.拳击 boxv.拳击Boxone’sears=slapone’sface打耳光 Chineseboxing=Wushu,kungfuBoxern.拳击手 Prizefighter职业拳击手bareadj.赤裸的；光秃的；没有家具、装饰的；空无所有barehands徒手; barefists赤手空拳;barefeet赤脚; baremountain光秃秃的山;barefooted光着脚的; bareheaded头上什么都没有戴的;Ahousebareoffurniture没有家具的房子Ashelfbareofbooks空书架barev.使赤裸；使暴露bareone’steeth:getangrywithsb.eg.Don’tbareyourteethatme.bareone’sheartout说心里话barelyadv.很少eg.Barelywashesoangry.【联想】nakedadj.赤裸的；光秃秃的nakedeyes裸眼；nakedtrees光秃秃的树nakedfields不毛之地，荒地；nakedfistscrudeadj.粗野的；粗俗的；粗鲁的；原始的；生的crudejokes/manners/behaviourcrudeoil原油【联想】rudeadj.（notpolite)粗鲁的；(simple)简单的，粗略的 arudewoodenchair粗制烂造的木椅 arudesketch草图；草稿roughadj.粗糙的 aroughtrackledtothefarm通往农场的崎岖小路 aroughestimate粗略的估计;aroughtemper粗暴的脾气 roughskin粗糙的皮肤；（delicateskin细致的皮肤）technicallyadv.严格根据法律意义的；严格地technicaladj.科技的；专业的

technicalexperts科技专家; technicalterms专业术语 technicallyspeaking=strictlyspeaking严格地讲 sciencestudents理科生 liberalartsstudents文科生popularityn.出名；受大家喜爱enjoy/win/gainhighpopularity享有、赢得盛誉“WhiteCat”soappowderenjoystremendouspopularityforitsgoodquality.LuXunenjoystremendouspopularityinChineseLiterature.popularadj.（文）公众的；人民的；普及的；普遍的；populargovernment民主政府；popularopinion舆论;popularprice价钱低廉;popularsuperstition民间迷信【联想】famen.名气；名望（褒义词）winfame赢得名声;risetofame一举成名；名声显赫;cometofame名声鹊起;fameandfortune名与利eg.Theyoungmusicianrosequicklytofame.reputationn.名气；名望（中性词） win/earn/establishareputationeg.Hiskindnesswonhimareputationasagoodman. liveuptoone’sreputation名不虚传；不负众望eg.Theeccentricliveduptohisreputationandarrivedlateagain. haveagood/bad/highreputationfor../as…eg.Heachieved/acquired/attainedaninternationalreputationasapainter.namen.名誉；名义；名人 makeone’sname/makeanameforoneself（L14）Igreetyouinthenameof

（以…名义）thePresident.Hehaslenthisnametothelofty（崇高的）cause.Thatbroughtdiscredit（丧失名誉）onhisname（名誉）.EltonJohnisabigname（名人）inthemusicbusiness.renown.名声；名望 winrenown

eg.Hisrenownasareporterspreadthroughoutthecountry.eminencen.显赫 eminentadj.杰出的（尤指学术界）

eg.Chinesefootballteamwaseliminated（淘汰）fromthefirstround.adorev.崇拜；爱戴；极喜欢；迷恋Mothersabsolutelyadoretheirchildren.Popstarsmustbeconstantlyshieldedfromtheadoringcrowdswhichidolizethem.【联想】worshipv.崇拜

worshipidols/heroes

admirev.钦佩；羡慕；崇拜；欣赏

admiresb.forsth.

Iadmireherforherbravery.Theyadmiredthebeautyofthegarden. admirewindowdisplay(L6) admiretheview欣赏风景alikeadv.一样地；一视同仁地；adj.相似的，相像的Hetreatseveryonealike.Robertandhisfatherwalkalike.TheytwolookmorealikethanIthought.likeadj.相像的，相似的Thebrothersareverylike.Likefather,likeson.有其父必有其子Liketree,likefruit.什么树结什么果Likelips,likelettuce.臭味相投likelyadj.可能的

belikelytodo很有可能做…(主语通常为人）Anaccidentislikelytohappenatthatintersection.那个十字路口很可能发生了事故。Thebosssaidwewerelikelytoworkovertimetoday.eminentadj.著名的，杰出的，突出的aneminentscientistEg.Churchillwasoneoftheworld’smosteminentstatement.【联想】distinguishedadj.著名的，卓越的，突出的adistinguishedphysician/chemist/visitor…尊贵的客人Eg.Heisdistinguishedforhisknowledgeofeconomics/asaneconomist.bitterlyadv.厉害地；苦苦地；强烈地Hewasbitterlydisappointed.他非常失望。Shesweptbitterly.她失声痛哭。bittertears苦涩的泪水; bitterwinter严冬;bitterblames苛责; bitterenemies劲敌;bitterquarrels/fights激烈的争吵bitterpast/memories痛苦的过去、回忆Eg.Shebetmethathewouldwinthegame.(make/put/have)abetonsth.betmoneyonsth.withsb.Eg.I’dliketobetwithyouontheoutcomeofthematch.Ibet(that)…我肯定…；我敢打赌…Eg.Ibetitrains.Youbet!你说得太对了!（口）Eg.Areyougoingtothematch?YoubetIam.bet（bet,bet)(betted,betted)v.打赌academyn.专业学校TheRoyalAcademyofArts（英）皇家艺术学院TheChineseAcademyofScience中科院OscarAcademyAward奥斯卡金像奖【联想】instituten.研究所，理工院校ascienceinstitute科研所MIT:麻省理工学院(MassachusettsInstituteTechnology)GIT:佐治亚理工学院（GeorgiaInstituteTechnology)CIT:加州理工学院（CaliforniaInstituteTechnology)college：(ofasmallsize)（规模较小的）院校university:(ofalargesizeandcomprehensive)综合性院校school:(高等院校的）学院lawschool法学院； medicalschool医学院；post-graduateschool研究生学院extravagantadj.浪费的，奢侈的；挥霍无度的extravagant/luxurioushabits奢侈挥霍的习惯extravagantcomplements/claim过度的恭维、要求anextravagantdinnerparty豪华晚宴 beextravagantwithsth.Don’tbeextravagantwithwater. beextravagantinfoodanddress讲吃讲穿extravagancen.奢侈，挥霍liveinextravagance生活奢侈【联想】luxuriousadj.奢侈的；豪华的Eg.Thehugehouseisluxuriouswithtwostoreys.Livealuxuriouslife=livealifeofluxury(*luxuriantadj.生长茂密的

aluxuriantbeard)povertyn.贫穷liveinpoverty生活贫困dieinpoverty在穷困潦倒中死去fall/sinkintopoverty陷入贫困apovertystrickenarea赤贫地区apovertyofimagination缺乏想像力TEXT:

1.BoxingmatcheswereverypopularinEnglandtwohundredyearsago.

match:（有输赢结果的）比赛game（有规则的）比赛 theAsianGames亚运会 theOlympicGames奥林匹克运动会contest（由评委评出结果的）比赛 abeautycontest选美大赛 Englishspeechcontest英语讲演比赛competition竞赛，竞争

competitionforjob工作竞赛tournament:aseriesofgames联赛，大型锦标赛 tennistournament网球锦标比赛 chesstournament国际象棋比赛 badmintontournament羽毛球比赛race（与速度有关的）比赛 aswimmingrace游泳比赛 aboatrace划船比赛 abicyclerace自行车比赛2.Inthosedays,boxersfoughtwithbarefistsforprizemoney.

totakepartinawarorbattleeg.VietnamfoughtFranceandthentheUSforover30years.越南先后与法国和美国作战三十多年。2)tohitsb.inasporteg.Peterfoughthisbitterenemyinthelastround.3)fightfor=strugglefor

fighttotheindependenceofthenation为祖国的独立而奋斗 fightfortheinterestofmotherland为祖国的利益而奋斗 fightforfreedom争取自由 fightforananswer绞尽脑汁4)fightagainst

fightagainsteconomicodds与经济困难作斗争（odds困难，拮据）

fightagainstone’sfate与命运作抗争5)fightshyofdoingsth

（口）回避，讨厌eg.PrincessDianafoughtshyofmeetingjournalistsbeforeshedied.戴安娜王妃生前特别回避记者。3.Becauseofthis,theywereknownasprizefighters1). duetothis,owingtothis,thanksto(幸亏；由于）, onaccountofthis（一般不出现在口语中） asaresultof(作为…的结果，由于）Thedelaywasduetoheavytraffic.Hefailedowingtocarelessness.Thankstothebadweather,thematchwascancelled.Thatwasonaccountofthelackofexercise.Hundredsofpeoplelosttheirhomesasaresultofthewar.2）beknownas被称作 cometobeknowntosb.assth.被人称作Theycametobeknowntousasfighters.Theywerereferredtoasfighters.4.However,boxingwasverycrude,fortherewerenorulesandaprizefightercouldbeseriouslyinjuredorevenkilledduringamatch.1)beseriouslyinjured受重创bebadlyinjured受重创beslightlyinjured受轻伤injure受外伤injureone’spride使自尊心（信心）受到打击injureself-esteem使自尊心（信心）受到打击eg.Hisfailureinthecompetitioninjuredhisself-esteem.wound（在作战）刀剑刺伤hurthurtone’sfeelings伤害别人的情感harm对…有害，伤害eg.Itwillharmyoureyesifyoureadinthesun.2)kill killsb

eg.Myheadiskillingme!我头痛的要命!（Myheadishurting!）killtime打发时光eg.Weplaychesstokilltime.我们下象棋打发时间。 Shedressedtokilltonight! Shestolethewholeshowtonight!太抢眼了，出尽了风头。eg.Youarekillingme!你笑死我了。lady-killer少妇杀手（贬）man-killer迷人的女子（贬）love-killer恋爱高手road-killer马路杀手（新手）5.OneofthemostcolourfulfiguresinboxinghistorywasDanielMendoza,whowasbornin1764.oneofthemostcolourfulfiguresinboxinghistorywas…figure人物colourfulfigure引人注目的人物legendaryfigure传奇式的人物OneofthemostlegendaryfiguresinliteraryhistoryisJackLondon,whowasfamousforTheCallofTheWild.在文学史上最富传奇式的人物当属杰克伦敦，他以《野性的呼唤》而闻名。OneofthemostcolourfulfiguresinmilitaryhistoryisNapoleonBonaparte.在军事史上最富光彩的人物当属拿破伦。

6.Theuseofgloveswasnotintroduceduntil1860,whentheMarquisofQueensberrydrewupthefirstsetofrules.

1) gloves（五指分开的）手套 mitten（四指合并的）手套 workhandinglovewith相互勾结，狼狈为奸 behandinglovewith相互勾结，狼狈为奸eg.Itwasrumoredthatsomeofthegangsterswereworkinghandingloveswiththepolice.2)When引导非限制性定语从句Sheshowednosignsofemotiontillshereachedhome,whenshebrokedowncompletely.Betweenthetwopartsoftheconcertisaninterval,whenwecanbuyice-cream.3）introducesthinto/from引进eg.ThesefriendlydogswerefirstintroducedfromAsia.eg.TobaccowasintroducedintoEuropefromAmerica.4)drawup起草 drawupalistofcandidates起草一份候选人名单 drawupadeclaration起草一份宣言 drawupacontract起草一份合同 drawupanagreement起草一份协议 drawupachair拉近了一把椅子5)asetofrules一套规则表示成套的事物的量词 achestofdrawers一摞抽屉 apackofplayingcards一副牌 asetoftoybricks一套积木 asuiteofrooms一套房间 （注：suite[swi:t]套房） asuitofclothes一身衣服7.Thoughhewastechnicallyaprizefighter,Mendozadidmuchtochangecrudeprizefightingintoasport,forhebroughtsciencetothegame.1)didmuchtodosth.为„„做出了很大的贡献（much代词）MrDengdidmuchtoimprovethepeople’slivingstandard.ChairmanMaodidmuchtochangeanoldChinaintoaprosperoussocialistcountry.dolittletodosth.eg.Hisarrivaldidlittletosolvetheproblem.makeagreat/anoutstandingcontributiontodo/towardssth.对…作出很大贡献Eg.TheyhavemadeoutstandingcontributiontowardsfightingagainstSARS.2).tochange…into… changedesertintofarmland把沙漠变良田 changeintohisoveralls换上工作服 changebackintohissuit换回西装3)bring…to…引进，带入bringtearstoeyes热泪盈眶bringthefacttolight公诸于世，曝光eg.Gamblingbringshimtoruin.赌博使他身败名裂。bringsbtobook盘问某人bringsbtofame功成bringsthtoone’sattention引起某人的注意

8.Inhisday,Mendozaenjoyedtremendouspopularity.Hewasadoredbyrichandpooralike.1)inhisday在他的鼎盛时期

enjoythebestmomentoflife尽情享受人生最辉煌的时期

inherheyday全盛时期

inmyschooldays在我的学生时代

inmybluedays女性的生理周期2)alikeadj.（表语）相似的；adv.（inasimilarway）lookalike/bealike（看上去长的）相似Thetwinsweredressedalike.这对双胞胎穿着打扮一模一样。Ilearnedalotfromteachersandstudentsalike.“Sun”and“son”differwidelyinmeaningbutarepronouncedexactlyalike.…词义大不相同，而发意完全相同。3)richandpoor反义词同时出现表示整体

blackandwhite白与黑

dayandnight日日夜夜

9.Mendozarosetofameswiftlyafteraboxingmatchwhenhewasonlyfourteenyearsold.ThisattractedtheattentionofRichardHumphrieswhowasthenthemosteminentboxerinEngland.

1)attractone’sattention引起了某人的注意（attracttheattentionofsb.） drawone’sattention； occupyone’sattention arrestone’sattention; captureone’sattention winone’sattention; cometoone’sattention2)risetofame名声雀起Risetothetopofone’sprofession成为行业中的佼佼者

10.HeofferedtotrainMendozaandhisyoungpupilwasquicktolearn.

bequicktolearn学的比较快beslowtolearn学的比较慢eg.ThelittleboyisslowtolearnmathsbutquicktolearnEnglish.

11.Infact,MendozasoonbecamesosuccessfulthatHumphriesturnedagainsthim.turnagainst1)变得对…不满eg.Thelittleboyturnedagainsthismotherafterhegotanew-bornsister.2)背叛turnagainstone’smotherland背叛祖国turnagainstone’soldfriend背叛朋友turnagainstone’sprinciples违背原则turnone’shead冲昏头脑successturnsone’shead胜利使他冲昏了头脑flatteryturnsone’shead阿谀奉承使他冲昏了头脑praiseturnsone’shead赞美使他冲昏了头脑12.Thetwomenquarreledbitterlyanditwasclearthattheargumentcouldonlybesettledbyafight.settledanargument(达到和解)解决问题endanargument结束一个争端settleaquarrel解决纠纷 settleadispute解决争端solve:tofindorprovideawayofdealingwithaproblem找到解决问题的方法solveaproblem解决问题 solveacase破案solvethemurder找到凶手 dissolveamarriage解除婚约

13.AmatchwasheldatStilton,wherebothmenfoughtforanhour.ThepublicbetagreatdealofmoneyonMendoza,buthewasdefeated.winthegame赢得一场比赛的胜利losethegame输了一场比赛takesbon(atsth.)同某人较量beat(beat,beaten)+sb./sth.beatsbhandsdown(easily)轻松的赢了某人14.MendozametHumphriesintheringonalateroccasionandhelostforasecondtime.

1)meet作战，交手，较量 metHumphriesinthering再度在拳台交锋（交手）eg.ChinameetsChineseTaipei.中国队对战中国台北队。versus（介）…对…；…比…

eg.AmericaisversusEngland.美国队对战英国队。2)onalateroccasion还有一次onanoccasion有一次 onthisoccasion这一次 onseveraloccasions有几回 onoccasion:fromtimetotime偶尔，时不时的eg.Ihaveonoccasionvisitedherathome.我偶尔去她家拜访她。15.Itwasnotuntilhisthirdmatchin1790thathefinallybeatHumphriesandbecameChampionofEngland.

champion冠军 champagne香槟

eg.Thechampiondrinksthechampagne. runner-up亚军 3rd-place季军 goldmedal