上海市宝山区市级名校2023-2024学年高三最后一卷英语试卷含解析

上海市宝山区市级名校2023-2024学年高三最后一卷英语试卷注意事项：1．答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。2．选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0．5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。3．请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。4．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．Ihadhardlyrungthebell________thedoorwasopenedsuddenly,andmysonrushedouttogreetme.A．beforeB．untilC．asD．since2．Thepilotaskedallthepassengersonboardtoremain________astheplanewasmakingalanding.A．seat B．seatingC．seated D．tobeseating3．Moreandmorecollegegraduates,thesurveyshows,feelithardtofindasatisfactoryjob.A．what B．who C．as D．that4．ThatwasaverybusystreetthatIwasneverallowedtocrossaccompaniedbyanadult.A．when B．if C．unless D．where5．LichunisaChinesewordforoneofthe24solarterms,meansthebeginningofspring.A．who B．that C．whose D．which6．—Iwonderwhyhehasbeenactingsostrangelythesedays．—Recentpressureatworkmay____hisbehavior． A．accountfor B．callfor C．changefor D．standfor7．Thereareno______proposalstoreducetheroadaccidents.Wearestillseekinginspiration.A．contradictoryB．concreteC．confidentialD．controversial8．Smelltheflowersbeforeyougotosleep,andyoumayjust________sweetdreams.A．keepupwith B．putupwith C．endupwith D．catchupwith9．Itwasfromonlyafewsuppliesthatshehadbroughtinthevillage____thehostesscookedsuchanicedinner.A．where B．when C．that D．which10．Anoldladycametothebusstoponlythebushadgone.A．torun;tofind B．running;tofind C．andran;finding D．running;finding11．—Youshouldhavehelpedyourmomwashthedishes．—Imeant．Butsheisalwaystellingmetostudy．A．todo B．to C．doingso D．doing12．Thefellowwespoke________nocommentatfirst.A．tomake B．tomadeC．made D．tomaking13．Morecompetitivehigh-techenterprisesareinvestinginNantongCentralInnovationDistrict,whichwillresultin_____economicgrowth.A．sustainable B．adaptable C．recyclable D．changeable14．Youhavetorewritethemonthlyreportbecauseyou_____manyimportantdetails.A．turnedoff B．leftoutC．droppedby D．putup15．Theyhadjusttakentheirseats,then_____A．thechairmancame B．thechairmancomes C．camethechairman D．comesthechairman16．ThecoatIboughtyesterdayisnotexpensiveatall.Asamatteroffact,Iwouldgladlyhavepaid______forit.A．asmuchtwice B．muchastwiceC．astwicemuch D．twiceasmuch17．I'veheardthatpreparations______forthecomingfestival.Let'sgivethemahand.A．arebeingmade B．havebeenmadeC．aremaking D．havemade18．IamsorryIamverybusynow.IfItime,Iwouldcertainlygotothemovieswithyou.A．have B．hadC．havehad D．hadhad19．Themonitorsaidthatthelearningmethodheusedimprovedhismaths.A．greatly B．nearly C．normally D．seriously20．—Whataboutaskingthesenewgraduatestotakeonthetask?—Imafraidnot．Whiletheyareenergeticandambitious,_____ofthemseemstobesuitableforthisdemandingjob．A．noone B．everyone C．none D．few第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21．（6分）Goodnewsforcoffeeandteadrinkers:Nomorewastingtimeandenergywaitingfortheperfectcup.UsingpatentedHeatworks’OhmicArrayTechnology,theDUOSmartUntetheredCarafe(玻璃水瓶)hasthepowertoheatorcoolwatertotheexactdegreewhileyoupour.Withitsfunctionality,convenienceandstylishappearance,theDUOlookslikequitethegamechanger.Sohowdoesitwork?Theprecisetemperaturecontrolletsyoupickthewatertemperaturetotheplus/minusonedegree.Simplysetyourtemperature,pourwaterintothetank(fitsfourcups)atthetopandpourintoyourcup.Thecarafefeaturesonebluespout(出水口)forfiltered(过滤的)coldwaterandanotherredspoutforhotwater,whichappearstoheatupinstantly.Theentiredeviceisbatteryoperated,makingitperfectfortakingittotheofficeorreallyanywhereelse.Youwillalsobeabletoplugitin,sothecarafecanstaycomfortablyonyourkitchentableordesktochargeforon-the-gouse.TheDUOadvocate99percentenergyefficientlyandanadvancedwaterfiltrationsystemcreatedbyheatworksCEOJerryCallahan,whowantedtocreateaheatingsystemwithoutusingmetalheatingelements.Unsustainableandimperfectmetalheatingpartshavebeenusedforheatingforthepast100yearsandcarrytheriskofrusting(生锈).CallahanfeltItwastimeforanupgradeheatingsystems,andtheOhmicArrayTechnologywasborn.Usingelectricalcurrentspassedthroughthewateritselfratherthanseparateheatedelementstotransferheatintothewater.OhmicArraycutsoutawholestepintheprocess.TheDUOisnotyetavailableforpurchase,butyoucanlearnmoreInformationandsignupforthereleaseupdatesontheHeatworkswebsite.1、WhatdoweknowabouttheDUOcarafefromthefirstparagraph?A．Itmakesperfectcoffee. B．Itheatsorcoolswater.C．Itproduceselectricitytoheatwater D．Itprovidesfungametoplay2、Whichstepisamusttogetwaterof80°CwiththeDUOCarafe?A．Settherequiredtemperature B．CooltheboilingwaterC．Pourwaterfromthebluespout D．Addfilteredwaterintothetank3、TheOhmicArrayTechnologymakestheDUOCarafe___A．fasttocharge B．convenienttotakeC．toughandstylish D．rust-freeandtimeefficient4、What'sthemainpurposeofthetext?A．Toapplyforapatent B．TointroduceaproductC．Toreportaproductlaunch D．Toshareatechnology22．（8分）CanterburyCollegeCOURSEAThiscoursewillenablestudentstoexperienceperformingartsandthemediaatabasiclevel.Itwillgivethemtheexperiencetodecideiftheywishtodevelopaninterestinthisfieldandtotraintheirpotentialandadaptabilityforworkinginaperformancecompanyineitheraperformingoratechnicalrole.COURSEBTheaimofthiscourseistoprovideaseriesoftraininginbusiness-relatedskillsandacomprehensiveknowledgeofbusinesspractice.Itisforstudentswithabusinesslearningexperiencewhocanmanageaheavyworkload.COURSECThiscoursegivesafoundationforacareerincaringforchildren,theelderlyorpeoplewithspecialneeds.CoreunitsareEmergencyTreatment,CommunicationandInformationTechnology.Practicaltrainingisanimportantpartofthecourse.COURSEDThiscourseisdesignedtoprovideanintroductiontotheconstructionindustry.UnitscoveredincludeHeat,LightandSound,IntroductiontotheUrbanEnvironment,CommunicationProcessesandTechniques.Allstudentswillcompletevocationalassignmentswithworkexperienceinthebigcompanies.COURSEEThequalificationsgainedandtheskillsdevelopedonthiscoursewillprovideagoodbasisforgainingemploymentinofficework.Inadditiontowordprocessing,thecoursealsocoversspreadsheets,computerizedaccounting,databasesanddesktoppublishing.Allstudentsaregivenchancestodeveloptheirconfidence,andadviceandinformationisgivenonjobsearchskills,presentationtechniquesandpersonalappearance.COURSEFThiscourseisdesignedtoprovideafoundationingraphicandvisualcommunicationskills.Studentscompleteunitsinpicturecompositionandphotographicprocessingalongsideelementsofgraphicdesign,andgainhands-onexperienceofdesktoppublishingandpresentations.1、Suzanwantstobeanactress,shecanchoose.A．CourseA B．CourseBC．CourseD D．CourseE2、CourseCisfitforthestudentswhomight.A．dealwiththenumbersB．workwiththedisabledC．runabusinessorganizationD．designandconstructbuildings3、IfDavidchoosesCourseF,hemightbeastudentwiththecareerinterestin_.A．advertising B．politicsC．nursing D．management4、Wherecanweprobablyfindthepassage?A．Inacityguidebook. B．Inasciencejournal.C．Onaschoolwebsite. D．Fromanewsreport.23．（8分）We'veallheardthesaying:practicemakesprefect!Inotherwords,acquiringskillstakestimeandeffort.Buthowexactlydoesonegoaboutlearningacomplexsubjectsuchastennis,calculus,orevenhowtoplaytheviolin?Anage-oldansweris:practiceoneskillatatime.Abeginningpianistmightrehearsescales(音阶)beforechords(和弦).Ayoungtennisplayerpracticestheforehandbeforethebackhand.Learningresearcherscallthis“blocking”，andbecauseitiscommonandeasytoschedule,blockingisdominantinschools,trainingprograms,andothersettings.Howeveranotherstrategypromisesimprovedresults.Enter“interleaving”，alargelyunheard-oftechniquethatiscatchingtheattentionofcognitive(认知)psychologistsandneuroscientists.Blockinginvolvespracticingoneskillatatimebeforethenext(forexample,“skillA”before“skillB”andsoon,formingthepattern“AAABBBCCC”),whileininterleavingonemixespracticeonseveralrelatedskillstogether(formingforexamplethepattern“ABCABCABC”).Overthepastfourdecades,asmallbutgrowingbodyofresearchhasfoundthatinterleavingoftenoutperformsblockingforavarietyofsubjects,includingsportsandcategorylearning.Yettherehavebeenalmostnostudiesofthetechniqueinunplanned,realworldsettings-untilrecently.Newresearchinschoolsfindsthatinterleavingproducesdramaticandlong-lastingbenefitsforanessentialskill:math.Notonlydoesthisfindinghavethepotentialtotransformhowmathistaught,itmayalsochangehowpeoplelearnmoregenerally.Researchesarenowworkingtounderstandwhyinterleavingproducessuchimpressiveresults.Oneimportantexplanationisthatitimprovesthebrain'sabilitytotellapartbetweenconcepts.Withblocking,onceyouknowwhatsolutiontouse,ormovementtodo,thehardpartisover.Withinterleaving,eachpracticeattemptisdifferentfromthelast,sorote(死记硬背)responsesdon'twork.Instead,yourbrainmustcontinuouslyfocusonsearchingfordifferentsolutions.Thatprocesscanimproveyourabilitytolearncriticalfeaturesofskillsandconcepts,whichthenbetterenablesyoutoselectandproducethecorrectresponse.Asecondexplanationisthatinterleavingstrengthensmemoryassociations.Withblocking,asinglestrategy，temporarilyheldinshort-termmemory,issufficient.That'snotthecasewithinterleaving-thecorrectsolutionchangesfromonepracticeattempttothenext.Asaresult,yourbrainiscontinuallyengagedatregainingdifferentresponsesandbringingthemintoshort-termmemory.Repeatingthatprocesscanstrengthenneuralconnectionsbetweendifferenttasksandcorrectresponses,whichimproveslearning.Bothoftheseaccountsimplythatincreasedeffortduringtraining,eithertodiscriminatecorrectresponsesortostrengthenthem,isneededwheninterleavingisused.Thiscorrespondstoapotentialdrawbackofthetechnique,namelythatthelearningprocessoftenfeelsmoregradualanddifficultinthebeginning.However,thataddedeffortcanhavebetter,longer-lastingresults.1、Whatcanwelearnfromthenewstrategyof“interleaving”？A．Studyingrelatedskillstogetherhasmanyimpressiveresults.B．Learningrelevantskillstogethercontributestopeoplemasteringskillsquickly.C．Focusingondifferentskillsatatimesavespeopletimeandeffortsinthebeginning.D．Mixingupskillsdistractspeople'sattention,thuslesseningefficiency.2、Whydoesinterleavingproduceimpressiveresults?A．Itcanbescheduledeasily.B．Itfocusesonroteresponses.C．Itistemporarilyheldinshort-termmemory.D．Itenablesyoutolearncriticalfeaturesofskillsandconcepts.3、Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A．Blockinginvolvespracticingoneskillatatimebeforethenext.B．Correctsolutionoftenchangesfromonepracticeattempttothenext.C．Practisingoneskillatatimeplaysanimportantroleinlearningacomplexsubject.D．Studyingrelatedskillsorconceptstogetherisaneffectivewaytotrainyourbrain.24．（8分）Scientiststhinkthatgrowinggardengrasscouldbethesecrettosolvingourenergyneeds,andwemaysoonbeabletoreplaceourgasolinewith“grassoline”.Theteam,includingexpertsfromCardiffUniversityinWales,hasshownthathydrogencanbetakenfromgrassinusefulamountswiththehelpofsunlightandacheapcatalyst(催化剂)—somethingthatspeedsupachemicalreactionwithoutbeingusedup.Itisthefirsttimethatthishasbeenshownanditcouldleadtoasustainable(可持续的)wayofmakinghydrogen,reportedAsianNewsInternational.Thiscouldbeanimportantkindofrenewableenergybecauseitishighinenergyanditdoesnotgiveoutharmfulgaseswhenitisburned.Studyco-authorMichaelBowkersaid,“Thisisreallyagreensourceofenergy.Hydrogenisseenasanimportantfutureenergycarrierastheworldmovesfromfossilfuelstorenewableenergy,andourresearchhasshownthatevengardengrasscouldbeagoodwayofgettingit.”Cellulose(纤维素),whichisakeypartofplantsandthebiopolymer(生物聚合物)foundinthelargestnumbersontheearth,couldbeagreatsourceofhydrogen.Initsstudy,theteamlookedatthepossibilityofgettinghydrogenfromcelluloseusingsunlightandasimplecatalyst.Thisiscalledphotocatalysis(光催化作用)andinit,thesunlightstartsthecatalyst,whichthenmakescelluloseandwaterintohydrogen.Theresearchersstudiedtheeffectivenessofthreemetal-basedcatalysts,ofwhichnickel(镍)especiallyinterestedtheresearchers,asitisamuchmorecommonmetalthangoldandpalladium(钯)anditsavesmoremoney.AccordingtoBowker,producinghydrogenfromcelluloseusingphotocatalysishasnotbeenstudiedindetail.Theteam’sresearchshowsthatlargeamountsofhydrogencanbeproducedusingthismethodwiththehelpofabitofsunlightandacheapcatalyst.Thestudyshowsthatitiseffectivetouserealgrasstakenfromagarden.“Thisisimportantasitavoidstheneedtoseparateandcleanupcellulose,whichcanbebothdifficultandcostly,”saidBowker.1、Whatareneededtogethydrogenfromgrass?A．Acatalystandpalladium. B．Waterandcellulose.C．Sunlightandabiopolymer. D．Sunlightandacatalyst.2、Whyisthenewwayofmakinghydrogenconsideredsignificant?A．Itischeap,greenandsustainable.B．Itisthebesttoproducetherenewableenergy.C．Itismoreproductiveandefficientthanothermethods.D．Itcanreplacethewaytomakefossilfuelscompletely.3、Whydoesnickelinteresttheresearchersinmakinghydrogenfromcellulose?A．Itcanproducethelargestamountofhydrogen.B．Itcanavoidseparatingandcleaningupcellulose.C．Itismorecommonthanothermetalsandcostsless.D．Itworksquickerthanothermetalsduringphotocatalysis.4、Whatdoestheauthorintendtotellusmainlyinthispassage?A．Catalyststhatcouldbetakenfromgrass.B．Anewwayofmakinghydrogenfromcellulose.C．Thepotentialofhydrogenasarenewableenergy.D．Theconnectionbetweenhydrogenandphotocatalysis.25．（10分）ARussianspacecrafttravelingtotheInternationalSpaceStationThursdayhadtomakeanemergencylandingwhenarocketenginefailedtofire.ItwasthelatestinarecentseriesoffailuresfortheRussianspaceprogram,whichisalsousedbytheU.S.tocarryitsastronautstothestation.UnitedStatesastronautNickHagueandRussianastronautAlexeiOvchininlandedsafelyabout20kilometersfromDzhezkazganinKazakhstan.Thecityisabout450kilometersfromtheRussia’sBaikonurspacecenter,whichRussiaoperatesthroughanagreementwiththeRepublicofKazakhstan.BoththeU.S.spaceagencyNASAandRussia’sRoscosmosreportedthatthetwowerequicklyrecoveredfromthelandingareabyrescuecrews.AspokesmanforRussianPresidentVladimirPutinsaid,“ThankGodthecrewisalive”aftertheyhadlandedsafely.Abouttwominutesafterlaunching,thethree-stageSoyuzboosterrocketsufferedanunspecifiedfailureofitssecondstage.Russia’sTASSnewsagencysaidthecapsulecarryingthetwomenseparatedfromthetroubledrocketsafely.ThiscausedthecapsuletodropverysharplyintotheEarth’satmosphere.Parachutes（降落伞）helpedslowthereturningcapsule.Searchandrescueteamsweresenttorecoverthecrew.Russia’sRIAnewsagencyreportedthatRussiahasimmediatelyputoffallmannedspacelaunchesafterthefailure.RoscosmosheadDmitryRogozinsaidhehadorderedastatecommissiontocarryoutaninvestigationintowhatwentwrong.HesaidRussiawillshareallrelevantinformationwiththeU.S.TheTASSnewsagencysaidthattheISScrewhasenoughsuppliesandthatthefailedlaunchwillnotaffectoperations.TheU.S.andothernationshavedependedonRussiatocarryastronautstotheISSsincetheretirementoftheSpaceShuttleprogramin2011.Incomingyears,AmericanaerospacecompaniesSpaceX,withitsDragon2,andBoeing,withitsStarliner,areexpectedtoreturntospace.1、Whatcanbethebesttitleofthetext?A．TheRescueofTwoAstronautsB．TheLaunchofRussianSpacecraftC．CooperationbetweenRussiaandAmericaD．EmergencyLandinginFailedSpaceLaunch2、Whatcausedthefailureofthelaunch?A．Theproblemoftheengine. B．Theterribleweather.C．Thedropofthecapsule. D．Thewrongoperation.3、Whatcanweinferfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A．SpaceXissuretogobacktospacesoon.B．AmericacarriedastronautstotheISSbyitselfbefore2011.C．NowonlyRussiacancarryastronautstospace.D．theISScrewlivesaverygoodlifeinthespacestation.4、Whatcanwelearnaboutthelaunch?A．ThecapsulelandedsafelyinDzhezkazgan,Russia.B．Russiahadneverfailedinthespacelaunchbeforethisfailure.C．Thefailedlaunchwillhaveaseriouseffectontheoperations.D．AtfirstthecapsuledroppedveryrapidlyintotheEarth’satmosphere.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．26．（30分）Aladywantedabirthdaygiftfromherhusband.Formanymonthsshehadlikedabeautiful1,andknowingherhusbandcould2it,shetoldhimthatwasallshewanted.Onthemorningofthe3husbandtoldherhow4hewastohavesuchagoodwife,andhowmuchhelovedher.He5herbeautifulgiftpackage(盒).Sheopeneditand6aBible.7,sheraisedhervoiceandsaidtoherhusband."Withallyourmoney,yougivemeaBible?"Shewasso8thatshelefthim.Manyyearspassedandtheladywasvery9inbusiness.Sheownedtwolargecompanies.She10herhusbandwasveryold,andthoughtperhapssheshouldgoto11him.Butbeforeshecould,she12alettertellingherthathehaddied,andgaveallofhispossessions(财产)toher.Sheneededtocomeback13takecareofthings.Whenshearrivedathishouse,sadness14herheart.Shesawthestillnew15,justshehadleftityearsbefore.With16sheopeneditandbegantoturnthepages.Aring17fromBibletotheflooranda18couldbeseen.Shepickeditupandfounditwastheringshewantedinthosedays.Andonthecardwasthedateofherbirth,andthewords"LOVEYOUALWAYS”.19yourgiftisnotpackagedthewayyouwantit,it'sbecauseitisbetterpackaged!Alwaysappreciatelittlethings;theyusuallyleadyoutobiggerthingsintheworld!Thebestandmostbeautifulthingsintheworldcannotbeseenoreventouchedfortheymustbefeltwiththe20.1、A．watch B．ring C．coat D．box2、A．afford B．like C．design D．guess3、A．holiday B．performance C．meeting D．birthday4、A．kind B．proud C．sorry D．brave5、A．lent B．gave C．asked D．moved6、A．found B．carried C．missed D．held7、A．Politely B．Lightly C．Patiently D．Angrily8、A．calm B．disappointed C．grateful D．careless9、A．sad B．lonely C．successful D．poor10、A．realized B．wondered C．hoped D．explained11、A．help B．visit C．understand D．catch12、A．received B．passed C．wrote D．sent13、A．but B．and C．or D．so14、A．covered B．broke C．filled D．left15、A．car B．Bible C．letter D．table16、A．smiles B．tears C．laughter D．interests17、A．hid B．disappeared C．made D．dropped18、A．book B．card C．pen D．flower19、A．If B．But C．And D．So20、A．hand B．eye C．heart D．face第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27．（15分）Manypiecesofbeautifulpottery(陶器)werediscoveredinLuoyang,HenanProvince,1．therewereafewtombsoftheTangDynasty,whenarailwaywasintheprocessofbeingconstructedin1899.Thepiecesofpotterywereeitherinyellow,greenandwhitecolors2．inyellow,greenandbrowncolors.BecausetheywerefoundfromtombsoftheTangDynasty,theywerecalled“Tangtri-coloredglazedpottery”.TheproductionofglassypotteryinChina3．(date)backtoancienttimes.Coloredglazewasusuallynotapplied4．theheadofapotteryfigure.Afterthebasewasbaked,afewtouchesofChineseink5．(paint)torepresenttheeyes,eyebrowsandbeard.Thefacialexpressionandinnerworldofasmallstatuewereportrayed(刻画)most6．(vivid).Thereareagreat7．(various)ofTangtri-coloredglazedpotterypieces.Withuniqueshapes,theyhadtherichflavoroflife,8．(cover)almosteveryfieldofliferelatedtothedead,frommodelsofarchitecturetoplates,bowlsandfromsmallstatuesoftheheavenlykingswith9．badtempertothoseofbeautifulnobleladies.Theyshowedthe10．(color)sociallifeandthesplendidcultureoftheTangDynasty.第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）28．（10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下短文。短文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。LastSunday,Itakepartinawalkingactivitywithmyfriends.Earlyinthemorning,wejoinedinotherparticipantsofdifferentage.At8:30,th