八级英语牛津译林版下册新配套教学资源包unit 5课件课本录音视听图片素材份grammar

八年级下册英语教学课件系列Grammar

Unit5GoodmannersGrammarFocusEnoughto…Too…to一、

作形容词

Ⅰ.

作定语时，既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词。

(1)

Are

there

enough

seats

for

ten

persons?

有没有足够十人的座位？

(2)We

have

enough

food

for

a

week.

我们有足够维持一周的食物。

有时也可以将enough放在被修饰名词之后,如：

I

don’t

have

wine

enough

(=enough

wine)

for

five

persons.

我的酒不够5个人喝。Enough的用法Ⅱ.作表语

只有当主语是代词数词和“数词+名词”时，enough才可作表语用，如果主语是名词，enough便不能作表语用了,如：(1)

That’s

enough.Thank

you.

够了，谢谢。(2)

Five

is

enough.

五个够了。

(3)

Will

12

apples

be

enough?

十二个苹果够不够？

试比较以下句子

①

The

beer

isn’t

enough.

There

isn’t

enough

beer.啤酒不够

②

Was

the

time

enough?

Did

you

have

enough

time?

时间够吗？

如果enough之后跟其它修饰语(如不定式或for短语时),前面的主语不受限制。如：

（1）The

time

is

enough

to

finish

it.(=There

is

enough

time

to

finish

it)

有足够的时间完成这一工作。

（2）The

food

is

enough

for

us

two.(=There

is

enough

food

for

us

two)

有足够我们俩吃的食物。

二、

作代词，充当主语、宾语

（1）Enough

has

been

said

on

this

subject

关于这个问题说得已经够多的了。

（2）-Do

you

need

some

more

materials?

你们还需要材料？

-No,

thanks.

Enough

have

been

supplied

for

us.

不要了，谢谢！我们已经够了。

（3）I

have

enough

to

do

today.

今天我有足够多的事要做。三、

作副词

Ⅰ修饰形容词和副词,且必须放在它们之后,

如：

(1)This

room

is

large

enough

for

us

to

sleep

in.

这个房间足够大，我们可以睡.(不可说enough

large)

(2

)

He

knows

the

situation

well

enough.

对他情况了解得非常清楚。（不可说enough

well”）

Ⅱ.修饰动词。常用于句型Can’t/can

never

do

…

enough中表示“无论怎么做都不为过”，(1)I

can

never

thank

you

enough我对你感激尽。

(2

)

He

is

such

a

good

engineer

that

we

can

not

praise

him

enough.

他是个很好的工程师，我们再称赞他也不为过。

四、

当enough和另一形容词同时修饰一个名词时,有两种不同的位置。

Ⅰ.enough放在形容词之后，此时，enough修饰形容词时，结构为“adj.+

enough+名词”,

表示“足够…的…”,

如：

(1)a

large

enough

room一间足够大的房间

(2)

a

deep

enough

well

一口足够深的井

(3)

I

don’t

have

big

enough

nails

to

mend

the

cupboard.

我没有足够大的钉子修理柜子。

Ⅱ、enough放在形容词之前，此时，enough修饰名词，结构为“enough+adj.+名词

”，表示“足够多的…”，如：

(1)

enough

large

room.足够大的房间

。(2)

enough

deep

well.足够深的井。

(3)I

don’thave

big

enough

nails

to

mend

the

cupboard.（enough修饰big）

我没有足够大的钉子来修理碗柜。

(4)I

don’thave

enough

big

nails

to

mend

the

cupboard.（enough修饰nails）

我没有足够多的大钉子来修理碗柜。该结构的基本形式为“形容词或副词+enoughto+动词原形”，其意为“足够地…可以…”：Heisoldenoughtotakecareofhimself.他大了，能照顾自己了。Willyoubekindenoughtoshutthedoor?可否劳驾把门关上?Sheisoldenoughtotravelbyherself.她年纪够大，可以独自旅行了。Istheriverdeepenoughtoswimin?在这条河里游泳水够深吗?Enoughto的用法【注】若enough前出现否定词，则不仅否定了enough，而且也否定其后的不定式：Hewasnotstrongenoughtodothework.他不够强壮，不能做这工作。Heisnotstrongenoughtoliftthebox.他力气不够大提不起这个箱子。该句型有时可与so[such]…that结构转换：Heisrichenoughtobuyaplane.他很有钱，可以买一架飞机。→Heissorichthathecanbuyaplane.他很有钱，可以买一架飞机。有时该句型也可与too…to句型转换：Heistooyoungtogotoschool.他太小，还不能上学。→Heisnotoldenoughtogotoschool.他还不够大，还不能上学。Enoughto的用法“too＋形容词／副词＋动词不定式”结构简称为“too...to”结构。在大多数情况下表示否定意义，通常可译为“太……而不能……”、“太……无法……”。

句型I：too＋adj./adv.＋to

do这个句型是too...to的最基本的常用句型。too＋形容词或副词，有时too后也可跟一个起形容词作用的过去分词。如：The

boy

is

too

young

to

go

to

school.这男孩年龄太小，不能上学。

The

hat

is

too

large

to

wear.这帽子太大，没法戴。

Too…to的用法句型II：too＋adj./adv.＋forsb./

sth.to

do

在“too...to”结构中加上一个for

sb./sth.,以提示动词不定式的逻辑主语，可以起到一定的限制作用，即限制不定式所表示的动作行为只是就它的逻辑主语而言的，对于其他人或物则不一定是这样，这就使句子意思更具体、明白。例如：

English

is

too

difficult

for

me

to

learn

well.英语太难，我学不好。(具体指出谁学不好，只是我学不好，可能别人学得好。)

This

question

is

too

difficult

for

me

to

answer.这是一个我不能回答的难题。

使用这个句型要注意以下几点：

1.如果用介词for引出to＋动词的逻辑主语，而且该逻辑主语又是to＋动词动作的执行者，to

do就要用主动式。如果该主语是to＋动词动作的承受者，则须用被动形式。2.在这个句型中，句子主语和不定式的宾语是指同一个事物，则宾语不能重复，必须省掉，有时甚至其后的to

do也可以省去。请试译：

①这个箱子太重，我搬不动。

误：This

box

is

too

heavy

for

me

to

carry

it.

正：This

box

is

too

heavy

for

me

to

carry.

②这辆小汽车太贵，他买不起。

误：The

car

is

too

expensive

for

him

to

buy

it.

正：The

car

is

too

expensive

for

him(to

buy).

3.带for

sb./sth.的“too...to”结构应是以物为主语，for

sb./sth.可以省略，并不会影响句子否定意义的表达。如果原句以人作主语，一般来说就没有必要加不定式的逻辑主语了。例如：It's

too

late

for

us

to

catch

the

early

bus.太晚了，我们赶不上那趟早班公共汽车了。

The

teacher

spoke

too

fast

for

us

to

follow.老师讲话太快，我们听不清楚。

下列情况下，“too...to”结构可以表示肯定意义：

“too...to”结构之前带有but,only,all,never,not时，是强调肯定的表示法，译作“非常……”、“十分……”、“实在……”、“真是太……”等。如：

I

am

but

too

glad

to

do

so.我非常喜欢这样做。

We

are

only

too

happy

to

live

in

China.生活在中国，我们太幸福了。

They

are

all

too

satisfied

to

go

and

do

this

work.他们很乐意地去做这项工作。

English

is

not

too

difficult

to

learn.英语并不难学。

AUsingenoughtoWecanuse“tobe+adjective+enough+to-infinitive”todescribeaperson'spersonalityandabilities.Youareoldenoughtolearnaboutmanners.Ifyouareintheirway,Britishpeoplewillbepoliteenoughtowaittillyoumove.Suzy’sfriendsSuzywantstotellherparentswhatshethinksaboutherfriends.Helphermakesentencesusing“tobe+adjective+enough+to-infinitive”.Hisfriends/kind/anytime/help____________________________________________________________________listen/patient/whenothersspeak/carefully____________________________________________________________________Danieliskindenoughtohelphisfriendsanytime.Millieispatientenoughtolistencarefullywhenothersspeak.aroundher/careful/smallchanges/notice____________________________________________________________________generous/withothers/herthings/share____________________________________________________________________Sandyiscarefulenoughtonoticethechangesaroundher.Kittyisgenerousenoughtoshareherthingswithothers.Queue/polite/inpublic__________________________________makeeveryonelaugh/funny/afterclass____________________________________________________________________Simonispoliteenoughtoqueueinpublic.Amyisfunnyenoughtomakeeveryonelaughafterclass.AftertheradioshowTheradioshowisover.MilliewantstowriteAboutthatdayinherdiary.HelpherrewriteThesentenceswith“tobe+too+adjective+to-infinitive”.Suzywasveryshy.Shedidnotjointhediscussion._________________________________________2.Simonwasveryexcited.Hedidnotexpresshimselfclearly._________________________________________Suzywastooshytojointhediscussion.Simonwastooexcitedtoexpresshimselfclearly.3.Peterwasslow.Hecouldnotwritedownallthemainpoints._________________________________________4.Amywascareless.Shedidnottakeherhatwithherwhensheleft._________________________________________________________________________________5.Kittywasverybusywithherdancinglessons.Shedidnotlistentotheradio.________________________________________________________________________________Peterwastooslowtowritedownallthemainpoints.Amywastoocarelesstotakeherhatwithherwhensheleft.Kittywastoobusywithherdancinglessonstolistentotheradio.Weoftenuse“tobe+too+______(adj./adv)+to-infinitive”toexpressanegativeresult.adj.1.

My

brother

was

so

clever

that

he

could

work

out

the

problem.

(改为同义句)

My

brother

___________________

work

out

the

problem.

2.

The

box

isn’t

light

enough

for

him

to

carry.

(改