【移动应用开发技术】（十一）企业部分之nagios

【移动应用开发技术】（十一）企业部分之nagios

Nagios是一个监视系统运行状态和网络信息的监视系统。Nagios能监视所指定的本地或远程主机以及服务，同时提供异常通知功能等。

Nagios可运行在Linux/Unix平台之上，同时提供一个可选的基于浏览器的WEB界面以方便系统管理人员查看网络状态，各种系统问题，以及日志等等。nagios常用配置文件主要用以下6个：cgi.cfg(控制cgi访问的配置文件)，nagios.cfg（Nagios主配置文件），resource.cfg(resource.cfg定义了一些变量，以便被其他文件引用，如$USER1$)，objects(objects是一个目录，用于定义Nagios对象)，servers(servers是自己创建的目录，Nagios可以加载该目录下所有配置文件，常用于定义各远程服务器监控信息，需要在nagios.cfg中配置）其中：objects目录下文件::commands.cfg

#命令定义配置文件，里面定义的命令可以被其他文件引用contacts.cfg

#联系人和联系人组配置文件localhost.cfg

#监控本地机器的配置文件printer.cfg

#监控打印机的一个事例配置文件（默认未启用）switch.cfg

#监控路由器的一个事例配置文件（默认未启用）templates.cfg

#模板配置文件，在此可以定义模板，在其他文件中引用timeperiods.cfg

#定义监控时间段的配置文件windows.cfg

#监控Windows的一个事例配置文件（默认未启用）

Nagios所需要的运行条件是机器必须可以运行Linux（或是Unix变种）并且有C语言编译器。你必须正确地配置TCP/IP协议栈以使大多数的服务检测可以通过网络得以进行。你需要但并非必须正确地配置Nagios里的CGIs程序，而一旦你要使用CGI程序时，你必须要安装以下这些软件。1.nagios安装##可参考官网文档

所需软件包：gd-devel-2.0.35-11.el6.x86_64.rpmnagios-plugins-2.1.1.tar.gznagios-cn-3.2.3.tar.bz2

tar

jxf

nagios-cn-3.2.3.tar.bz2

yum

install

gd-devel-2.0.35-11.el6.x86_64.rpm

-ycd

nagios-cn-3.2.3

groupadd

nagcmd

useradd

-M

-d

/usr/local/nagios

-G

nagcmd

nagios

usermod

-G

nagcmd

apache./configure

--with-command-group=nagcmd

make

all

##可以看到后面步骤

make

install

make

install-init

make

install-config

make

install-commandmode

make

install-webconf/etc/httpd/conf.d/nagios.conf

cat

/usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users

##可看到用户名和密码

htpasswd

/usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users

nagiosadmin

##修改nagiosadmin的密码/usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios

-v

/usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg

/etc/init.d/httpd

start

/etc/init.d/nagios

start/nagios/用户名:nagiosadmin

密码：修改的密码

2.nagios-plugins安装tar

zxf

nagios-plugins-2.1.1.tar.gz

cd

nagios-plugins-2.1.1./configure##可看到插件安装的信息，可根据缺少的插件进行安装。例如：mysql-devel,openssl-devel

make

make

installcd

/usr/local/nagios/libexec

chown

nagios.nagios

*

-R/usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios

-v

/usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg

/etc/init.d/nagios

reloadcd

/usr/local/nagios/etc/

vim

nagios.cfg添加两个cfg_file(33行下面)cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/hosts.cfgcfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/services.cfg注释掉cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/localhost.cfg(38行)cd

objects/

cp

-p

localhost.cfg

hosts.cfg

cp

-p

localhost.cfg

services.cfg

vim

hosts.cfg将内容修改为以下：definehost{

use

linux-server

host_name

alias

Manager#

parents

MainSwitch

address

icon_p_w_picpath

server.gif

statusmap_p_w_picpath

server.gd2

2d_coords

500,200

3d_coords

500,200,100

}

definehostgroup{

hostgroup_name

linux-servers;Thenameofthehostgroup

alias

LinuxServers;Longnameofthegroup

members

*

;Commaseparatedlistofhoststhatbelongtothisgroup

}vim

services.cfg将166行之前全部删掉，再删除第8行开始的servicegroup，只留下一个servicegroup。将此servicegroup的members最后两个成员HomeRouter和PING删除:%s/田朝阳家用机//g/usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios

-v

/usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg

/etc/init.d/nagios

reload/nagios/cd

/usr/local/nagios/libexec

./check_disk

./check_disk

-w

20

-c

10

./check_disk

-w

20

-c

10

-p

/

vim

services.cfg添加以下内容：max_check_attempts

2/usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios

-v

/usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg

/etc/init.d/nagios

reload/nagios/

【server2】yum

install

-y

mysql-server

/etc/init.d/mysqld

start

mysql_secure_installation

mysql

-p

mysql>

create

database

nagdb;

mysql>

grant

select

on

nagdb.*

to

nagios@''

identified

by

'westos';

mysql>

quit【server1】cd

/usr/local/nagios/libexec

./check_mysql

-H

-u

nagios

-p

westosmysql

-h

-u

nagios

-p

mysql>

show

databases;

mysql>

quit

将serevr2的mysql服务关闭

cd

/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects

vim

commands.cfg在212行后添上以下内容：#'check_mysql'commanddefinitiondefinecommand{

command_name

check_mysql

command_line

$USER1$/check_mysql-H$HOSTADDRESS$-u$ARG1$-p$ARG2$

}

vim

services.cfg在最后添上以下内容：#######################check_mysql

defineservice{

use

local-service

host_name

service_description

MYSQL

check_command

check_mysql!nagios!westos

}

vim

hosts.cfg在上面host下再添加一个host，内容如下：definehost{

use

linux-server

host_name

alias

Manager#

parents

MainSwitch

address

icon_p_w_picpath

server.gif

statusmap_p_w_picpath

server.gd2

2d_coords

400,100

3d_coords

400,100,100

}

/usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios

-v

/usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg

/etc/init.d/nagios

reload/nagios/

###添加连线vim

hosts.cfg将alias的值改为server2将parents的注释取消，并将值改为

/usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios

-v

/usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg

/etc/init.d/nagios

reload/nagios/此时HTTP的告警状态是因为没有index.html页面，在/var/www/html下建立一个index.html文件就可以解决HTTP告警问题3.安装nrpe【server2】所需软件包：nrpe-2.15.tar.gznagios-plugins-2.1.1.tar.gz

tar

zxf

nrpe-2.15.tar.gz

tar

zxf

nagios-plugins-2.1.1.tar.gzuseradd

-M

-d

/usr/local/nagios

nagios

cd

nagios-plugins-2.1.1

./configure出现以下错误，是因为缺少软件，下载gcc可解决[root@server2nagios-plugins-2.1.1]#./configurecheckingforaBSD-compatibleinstall.../usr/bin/install-ccheckingwhetherbuildenvironmentissane...yescheckingforathread-safemkdir-p.../bin/mkdir-pcheckingforgawk...gawkcheckingwhethermakesets$(MAKE)...yescheckingwhethertodisablemaintainer-specificportionsofMakefiles...yescheckingbuildsystemtype...x86_64-unknown-linux-gnucheckinghostsystemtype...x86_64-unknown-linux-gnucheckingforgcc...nocheckingforcc...nocheckingforcl.exe...noconfigure:error:in`/root/nagios-plugins-2.1.1':configure:error:noacceptableCcompilerfoundin$PATHSee`config.log'formoredetails.

yum

install

openssl-devel

-y./configure##这里不需要--with-mysql，可以不安装make

make

installcd

/usr/local/nagios/

chown

nagios.nagios

.

-Ryum

install

-y

xinetdcd

/root/nrpe-2.15

./configure

make

all

make

install-plugin

make

install-daemon

make

install-daemon-config

make

install-xinetdcd

/etc/xinetd.d

vim

nrpe将15行的only_from改为

vim

/etc/services添加以下内容：nrpe

5666/tcp

/etc/init.d/xinetd

start

netstat

-antlpe

vim

/usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg修改221行，改为以下内容：command[check_disk]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_disk-w20%-c10%-p//etc/init.d/xinetd

restartcd

/usr/local/nagios/libexec/

scp

check_nrpe

root@:/usr/local/nagios/libexec/

【server1】cd

/usr/local/nagios/libexec/

chown

nagios.nagios

check_nrpe

./check_nrpe

-H

./check_nrpe

-H

-c

check_disk测试：在server2将/usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg修改，将command[check_disk]-w改为90%,并重启服务./check_nrpe-H-ccheck_disk将server2的/usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg文件恢复上一步之前，并重启服务。

【server1】cd

/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects

vim

commands.cfg在#'check_mysql'commanddefinition这一段下添加以下内容：#'check_nrpe'commanddefinitiondefinecommand{

command_name

check_nrpe

command_line

$USER1$/check_nrpe-H$HOSTADDRESS$-c$ARG1$

}

vim

services.cfg在最后添上以下内容：#######################check_nrpedefineservice{

use

local-service

;Nameofservicetemplatetouse

host_name

service_description

根分区

check_command

check_nrpe!check_disk

}

defineservice{

use

local-service

;Nameofservicetemplatetouse

host_name

service_description

登录用户数

check_command

check_nrpe!check_users

}

/usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios

-v

/usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg

/etc/init.d/nagios

reload/nagios/

4.虚拟机连网ip

addr

add

01/24

dev

eth0

ip

addr

showip

route

show

route

-n

ping

5

route

del

default

gw

50

route

add

default

gw

5

route

-nvim

/etc/resolv.confping

ping

5测试网络是否连通dig

ping

已连网在家里用无限上网，也可以用NAT的方式进行虚拟机连网，网络配置选择DHCP分配网络可以看到本地发送邮件的地址。登录邮箱，进行设置。在反垃圾处设置邮件地址白名单：nagios@

【server1】yum

install

mail

-ysu

-

nagios

mail

wjl19940429@

cd

/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects

vim

contacts.cfg修改35行email的值为自己的邮箱/usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios

-v

/usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg

/etc/init.d/nagios

reload

【server2】/etc/init.d/mysqld

stop

【server1】vim

/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/templates.cfg修改186行max_check_attempts的值为