四种类型雅思小作文详解

经典word整理文档，仅参考，双击此处可删除页眉页脚。本资料属于网络整理，如有侵权，请联系删除，谢谢！第一篇饼状图1.介绍各扇面及总体的关系2.各个扇面之间的比较，同类扇面在不同时间，不同地点的比较3.重点突出特色最明显的扇面：最大的，最小的，互相成倍的描写句式:1.Itisclearthatthemost+adj.+主题词isA,whichaccountsfor___%ofall主题词.2.Bisthenextlargest+主题词,___%lowerthanAofall主题词andfollowedcloselybyC.3.Theabovethreeitemsof主题词altogethertakeabout___%.4.Bycontrast,D,EandFmakethesmallestpercentageoftotal主题词,whichare___%,___%and___%In1950,theurbanpopulationrepresentedlessthan13%ofthetotal.Itisnowabout40%andisexpectedtoreach60%by2030.摘自BBC)form;comprise;makeup;occupy;constitute;cover;represent;accountfor;besharedbya……;of;aof…is…areABABABinshouldspendabout20minutesonthistask.Writeareportforauniversitylecturerdescribingtheinformationshownbelow.shouldwriteatleast150words.modelanswer:Inthisanalysiswewillexaminethreepiecharts.Thefirstoneisheaded‘WorldSpending.’Thesecondis‘WorldPopulation’andthethirdis‘ConsumptionofResources.’Inthefirstchartwecanseethatpeoplespendmostoftheirincome(24%)onfood.Insomecountriesthispercentagewouldobviouslybemuchhigher.Transportandthenhousingarethenextmajorexpensesat18%and12%Only6%ofincomeisspentonclothing.Inthesecondchartentitled‘WorldPopulation’,itisnotsurprisingtofindthat57%ofpeopleliveinAsia.InfactChinaandIndiaaretwoofthemostpopulatedcountriesintheworldandtheyarebothsituatedonthiscontinent.EuropeandtheAmericansaccountfornearly30%ofthetotal,whilst10%ofpeopleliveinAfrica.Finally,thethirdchartrevealsthattheUSAandEuropeconsumeahuge60%oftheworld’sresource.Tosumup,themajorexpenditureisonfood,thepopulationfiguresarethehighestforAsiaandthemajorconsumersaretheUSAandEurope.(182words)范文参考ThetwographsshowthatoilwasthemajorenergysourceintheUSAinboth1980and1990andthatcoal,naturalgasandhydroelectricpowerremainedinmuchthesameproportions.Ontheotherhand,therewasadramaticriseinnuclearpower,whichdoubleditspercentageoverthetenyears.Oilsuppliedthelargestpercentageofalthoughthepercentagedecreasedfrom42%in1980to33%in1990.Coalin1990wasthesecondlargestsourceofenergy,increasingitsproportionto27%from22%inthepreviousdecade.Naturalgas,thesecondlargestsourcein1980at26%,decreaseditsshareveryslightlytoprovide25%ofAmerica’senergytenyearslater.Therewasnochangeinthepercentagesuppliedbyhydroelectricpowerwhichremainedat5%ofthetotalenergyused.Nuclearpowerthegreatestchange:in1990itwas10%,twicethatofthe1980s.(152words)第二篇曲线图1．曲线图和柱状图都是动态图，解题的切入点在于描述趋势。2同时也方便考官阅卷。接下来再分类描述每个阶段的specifictrend，同时导入数据作为分类的依据。3．趋势说明。即，对曲线的连续变化进行说明，如上升、下降、波动、持平。有侧重的比较。4．极点说明。即对图表中最高的、最低的点单独进行说明。不以时间为比较基础的应注意对极点的描述。5．交点说明。即对图表当中多根曲线的交点进行对比说明。6．不要不做任何说明就机械地导入数据，这不符合雅思的考试目的。1.表示向上：increase，rise，improve，grow，ascend，mount，aggrandize，goup，climb，takeoff，jump，shootup暴涨，soar，rocket，skyrocket2.表示上升后保持平稳：flattenout(下降或升高后变平)，leveloff举例：人口上升后保持平稳：thenumberofpopulationmountedandleveledoff.3.recover，bounceback举例：人口下降后复苏：thenumberofpopulationdecreasedandrecovered.4.decreasedeclinedescenddrop，fallgodowncomedown，collapse，crash，falloff，，plummet，，slideshrink,dwindle,diminish5.表示下降后保持平稳：bottomout，flattenout(下降或升高后变平)thenumberofpopulationdecreasedandbottomedout.6.表示稳定或水平：remainsteady/constant，staystable,stabilize，stagnate，flatten下降或升高后变平)，level，stayatthesamelevel，besimilarto，thereislittle／hardlyany／nochange举例：表示人口数量保持平稳的时候可以写:thenumberofpopulationstayedstable./thenumberofpopulationremainedsteady.7.表示波动：fluctuate8.表示在底部：reachalowpoint，bottomout，reachthebottom，reachtherock，hitatrough9.表示在顶部：reachapeak，peak，topout，reachthehighestpoint/thetop/thesummit/themost，peakin/at，reachthezeniththenumberofpopulationpeaked/reacheditssummit/reacheditszenith.abrupt(ly)(突然)，sudden(ly)(突然)，dramatic(ally)(急剧)，drastic(ally)(急剧)sharp(ly)(急剧)quick(ly)(迅速)rapid(ly)(迅速)，marked(ly)(显著)significant(ly)(显著)considerable(considerably)(相当)，substantial(ly)(相当)moderate(ly)(适当)，gradual(ly)(逐渐)，slight(ly)(轻微)，slow(ly)(缓慢)，steady(steadily)(平缓)linechart线图，curvediagram曲线图，horizontalaxis横轴，verticalaxis纵轴，plateau(上升后的稳定期)，recordhigh历史高度，recordlow历史低点，trough(曲线上的)最小值，zenith(最高值),generaltrend，upward/downwardtend增加：anincreaseariseagrowth，animprovement，anupturn，asurge，anupsurge，anupwardtrend下降：afall，adecrease，adecline，adrop，adownturn，adownturntrend，lowpoint，reduction波动：fluctuation一.remainsteady/staystable/leveloff/bottomout/peak/reachitspeak/reachitszenith后面需要使用的是at.举例:1.人口在500万上保持平稳:Thenumberofpopulationremainedsteadyat5million.2.人口在800万时到达了顶峰:Thenumberofpopulationpeakedat8million.3.下降后，人口在400万保持平稳:Afterdecreasing,thenumberofpopulationbottomedoutat4million.4.700万保持平稳:Aftermounting,thenumberofpopulationleveledoffat7million.二.上升/下降后面使用to(到)和by(了)举例:1.人口下降到200万:numberofpopulationdecreasedto2million.2.人口下降了200万:numberofpopulationdecreasedby2million.3.人口上升到1000万:numberofpopulationincreasedto10million.4.人口上升了500万:numberofpopulationincreasedby5million.三.recover的后面大家需要使用的是from举例:人口在200万时开始复苏:Thenumberofpopulationrecoveredfrom2million.四.fluctuate的后面大家需要连接between„and„举例:人口在20和100亿之间波动:Thenumberofpopulationfluctuatedbetween2and10billion.开头概述常用表达1)Thelinechartdepictsthechangesinthenumberof_____overtheperiodfrom2000to2004．该曲线图描述了从2000年到2004年_____数量的变化。2）Thechartprovidessomedataregardingthefluctuationsof_____from2000to2004．该曲线图描述了从2000年到2004年_____的变动。3)Thegraph，presentedinthecurvediagram，showsthegeneraltrendin_____.该图以曲线图的形式描述了_____总的趋势。4)Thisisalinechartshowing_____.这是一个曲线图，描述了_____。5)Ascanbeseenfromthegraph，thetwocurvesshowthefluctuationsof_____.如图所示，两条曲线描述了_____波动的情况。Youshouldspendabout20minutesonthistask.Thegraphandtablebelowgiveinformationaboutwateruseworldwideandwaterconsumptionintwodifferentcountries.Summarisetheinformationbyselectingandreportingthemainfeatures,andmakecomparisonswhererelevant.Writeatleast150wordsThegraphshowshowtheamountofwaterusedworldwidechangedbetween1900and2000.Throughoutthecentury,thelargestquantityofwaterwasusedforagriculturalPurposes,andthisincreaseddramaticallyfromabout500km³toaround3,000km³intheyear2000.Waterusedintheindustrialanddomesticsectorsalsoincreased,butconsumptionwasminimaluntilmid-century.From1950onwards,industrialusegrewsteadilytojustover1,000km³,whiledomesticuserosemoreslowlytoonly300km³,bothfarbelowthelevelsofconsumptionbyagriculture.ThetableillustratesthedifferencesinagricultureconsumptioninsomeareasoftheworldbycontrastingtheamountofirrigatedlandinBrazil(26,500km³)withthatintheD.R.C.(100km²).ThismeansthatahugeamountofwaterisusedinagricultureinBrazil,andthisisreflectedinthefiguresforwaterconsumptionperperson:359m³comparedwithonly8m³intheCongo.Withapopulationof176million,thefiguresforBrazilindicatehowhighagriculturewaterconsumptioncanbeinsomecountries.(180words)第二篇答案参考Thethreegraphsofwheatexportseachshowaquitedifferentpatternbetween1985and1990.ExportsfromAustraliadeclinedoverthefive-yearperiod,whiletheCanadianmarketfluctuatedconsiderably,andtheEuropeanCommunityshowedanincrease.In1985,Australiaexportedabout15millionsoftonnesofwheatandthefollowingyearthenumberincreasedbyonemilliontonnesto16million.Afterthat,however,therewasagradualdeclineuntil1989and1990whenitstabilisedatabout11milliontonnes.Overthesameperiod,theamountofCanadianexportsvariedgreatly.Itstartedat19milliontonnesin1985,reachedapeakin1988of24million,droppeddramaticallyin1989to14milliontonnesandthenclimbedbackto19millionin1990.SeventeenmilliontonneswereexportedfromtheEuropeanCommunityin1985,butthisdecreasedto14milliontonnesin1986andthenroseto15millionin1987and1988beforeincreasingoncemoreto20millionin1990.(165words)第三篇流程图1流程图基本不会出现数据，文字信息占主要地位；2流程图以描述为主，比较的机会比图表题少；3流程图中出现的信息都需要描述，而普通图表则不需要描述每一个数据；4流程图的时态多比较单一，主要用一般现在时；5流程图的分段比较灵活，只要不同阶段之间的差距很明显，就可以另起一段。1首先说明该过程是做什么工作的，目的是什么。2准备工作。3按时间／过程先后描述。4对比。5简单总结(可有可无)。例1：Intwoweeks，thefrywillgrowuptotwoincheslong．解析：原句过于简单，可以增加鱼苗和前一阶段的比较。改正：Intwoweeks,thefrywillgrowuptotwoincheslong,morethantwicelongerthanitwaswhenhatched．在两周时间内，鱼苗长到了两英寸，比刚孵化时长两倍还要多。例2：Inthesecondstep，workerswillrinsebottleglassofanycolour．果。改正：Inthesecondstep，workerswillrinsebottleglassofanycolour．Whiletheglassinthefirstphaseispossiblylife-threateningand，theglassisnowhygeianandreadyforthenextstageoftherecyclingprocess．大意：在第二步，工作人员会清洗各种颜色的玻璃。为循环过程的下一步做准备。例3：Inthesecondphaseofurbansprawl，landdevelopersstarttobuildaresidentialarea．解析：原句过于简单，可以增加一点说明，譬如说关于第二阶段的功能和目的。改正：Inthesecondphaseofurbansprawl，landdevelopersstarttobuildaresidentialarea．Itistoservetheneedsofthosepeopleworkinginthoseofficeblocksandfactoriesbuiltinthefirstphase．大意：在城办公楼和工厂里工作的人们的需要。shouldspendabout20minutesonthistask.Theflowchartillustratestheproductionofcolouredplasticpaperclipsinasmallfactory.Writeareportforauniversitytutordescribingtheproductionprocess.TherearefourmainstagesintheproductionofplasticpaperclipsfromthissmallTwoofthesestagesinvolveactualpreparationoftheclips,whiletheothertwoconsistofqualitycontrolbeforetheclipsaresentoutfromthefactorytotheretailerstobesoldtothepublic.Tobeginwith,moltenplasticispouredintothreedifferentmouldsdependingonthecolourrequired;thecoloursarered,blueandyellow.Oncetheseclipsemergefromthemouldsaqualitycontrolmachinechecksthemforstrength.Unsatisfactoryclipsarerejected.Inthethirdstageintheprocesstheclipsarest