托福阅读备考须知基本常识解题心得分享

经典word整理文档，仅参考，双击此处可删除页眉页脚。本资料属于网络整理，如有侵权，请联系删除，谢谢！托福阅读备考须知基本常识解题心得分享托福阅读部分有很多细节需要考生在开始备考前就做到心须知基本常识解题心得分享希望能够帮助到大家，下面就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。托福阅读备考须知基本常识解题心得分享托福阅读考试时间细节介绍15分钟一篇，一篇13/14道题。(官方要求是20分钟一篇)13道题中除了4道词汇题(30‘’)1道多选题(1’30‘’)题目基本(1‘)一般是在第三段8题第9题的样子，是一段会出2道理解题的段落。题目编排，近几年的官方真题Official一般第一篇第二篇偏难，生词多，第三篇简单难度类似早期官方真题Official。在题目上一般是(细节词汇，细节作用，细节词汇，细节词汇改写，细节词汇，黑点大意)规律就是每一段都会出细节题(Inparagraphn...)再加一道其他题，早期一段只有一道题的情况几乎不存在了。简单的可能会出比较难的大意题，尤其是对比型的简单。用上面的标准控制时间，用下面的方法去读的话，20分钟一般都是够用的。托福阅读高分常见障碍分析速度：大概150-170字，生词量一般而且前后不出现感觉自相矛盾需要停下来想的情况下。出区别。托福阅读备考真题训练技巧讲解，粗看下*的段数，对每段大概几道题有个预期。(比如只有5段，那长段肯定是3道题)*的整体意思心中有数。，每段段首变成中文理解，以迅速的进入状态，并记忆主要意思。(就算只有一道词汇题，这段的段首也要读)A支持的观点是，A的观点的问题是B的观点是。(记忆法，图像帮助理解，逻辑帮助记忆，生段的第一句作为逻辑中心标记黄色。罗列，如下)红——黄绿做完了要看到细节题问的什么再看，鉴于有四个选项，选一个步骤，解释了三个方面的问题，或者其他。，要检查，每个不确定的题都标上guess回来看，我不确定的题错的概率还是非常高的。如果不走神的理解全文，一般15分钟是够的，还能剩下几分钟检查。托福阅读实用做题策略介绍词汇题、句子改写题只读该句不读完整段(30‘.+1’.1)耗时3分钟词汇题看好单词的词性、发出者(是人，是物)，保持一致的最对，看这一句即可。Inthepastwholecitiesgrewfromthearduoustaskofcuttingandpilingstoneupon.Someoftheworld’sfineststonearchitecturecanbeseenintheruinsoftheancientIncacityofMachuPicchuhighintheeasternAndesMountainsofPeru.Theword“arduous”inthepassageisclosestinmeaningtoA.DifficultB.NecessaryC.SkilledD.Shared猜词是保证不了完全准了，根据意思，这道题排除BD，剩下ACtask本身，skilledtask这种说法小奇怪，一般是skilledworkers，所以选A要再看一下，从ETS出题的角度考虑。托福阅读真题原题题目Bytheturnofthecentury,themiddle-classhomeinNorthAmericanhadbeentransformed.Theflowofindustryhaspassedandleftidletheloomintheattic,thesoapkettleintheshed,EllenRichardswrotein1908.Theurbanmiddleclasswasnowabletobuyawidearrayoffoodproductsandclothing—bakedgoods,cannedgoods,suits,shirts,shoes,anddresses.Notonlyhadhouseholdproductionwaned,buttechnologicalimprovementswererapidlychangingtherestofdomesticwork.Middle-classhomeshadindoorrunningwaterandfurnaces,runonoil,coal,orgas,thatproducedhotwater.Stoveswerefueledbygas,anddeliveryservicesprovidediceforrefrigerators.Electricpowerwasavailableforlamps,sewingmachines,irons,andevenvacuumcleaners.Nodomestictaskwasunaffected.Commerciallaundries,forinstance,hadbeendoingthewashforurbanfamiliesfordecades;bytheearly1900sthefirstelectricwashingmachineswereonthemarket.Oneimpactofthenewhouseholdtechnologywastodrawsharpdividinglinesbetweenwomenofdifferentclassesandregions.Technologicaladvancesalwaysaffectedthehomesofthewealthyfirst,filteringdownwardintotheurbanmiddleclass.Butwomenwholivedonfarmswerenotyetaffectedbyhouseholdimprovements.Throughoutthenineteenthcenturyandwellintothetwentieth,ruralhomeslackedrunningwaterandelectricpower.Farmwomenhadtohaullargequantitiesofwaterintothehousefromwellsorpumpsforeverypurpose.Doingthefamilylaundry,inlargevatsheatedoverstoves,continuedtobeafulldayswork,justascanningandpreservingcontinuedtobeseasonalnecessities.Heatwasprovidedbywoodorcoalstoves.Inaddition,ruralwomencontinuedtoproducemostoftheirfamiliesclothing.Theurbanpoor,similarly,reapedfewbenefitsfromhouseholdimprovements.UrbanslumssuchasChicagosnineteenthwardoftenhadnosewers,garbagecollection,orgasorelectriclines;andtenementslackedbothrunningwaterandcentralheating.Attheturnofthecentury,variationsinthenatureofwomensdomesticworkwereprobablymoremarkedthanatanytimebefore.1.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?(A)Thecreationoftheurbanmiddleclass(B)Domesticworkattheturnofthecentury(C)ThespreadofelectricalpowerintheUnitedStates(D)OvercrowdinginAmericancities.2.Accordingtothepassage,whatkindoffuelwasusedinastoveinatypicalmiddle-classhousehold?(A)oil(B)coal(C)gas(D)wood3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasahouseholdconvenienceinthepassage?(A)theelectricfan(B)therefrigerator(C)theelectriclight(D)thewashingmachine4.Accordingtothepassage,whowerethefirstbeneficiariesoftechnologicaladvances?(A)Farmwomen(B)Theurbanpoor(C)Theurbanmiddleclass(D)Thewealthy5.Thewordreapedinline23isclosestinmeaningto(A)gained(B)affected(C)wanted(D)accepted6.Whichofthefollowingbestcharacterizesthepassagesorganization?(A)analysisofaquotation(B)chronologicalnarrative(C)extendeddefinition(D)comparisonandcontrast7.Whereinthepassagedoestheauthordiscussconditionsinpoorurbanneighborhoods?(A)lines3-5(B)lines6-7(C)lines8-9(D)lines22-23PASSAGE45BCADADD托福阅读真题原题题目Pennsylvaniascolonialironmastersforgedironandarevolutionthathadbothindustrialandpoliticalimplications.ThecolonistsinNorthAmericawantedtherighttotheprofitsgainedfromtheirmanufacturing.However,Englandwantedallofthecoloniesrichoresandrawmaterialstofeeditsownfactories,andalsowantedthecoloniestobeamarketforitsfinishedgoods.Englandpassedlegislationin1750toprohibitcolonistsfrommakingfinishedironproducts,butby1771,whenentrepreneurMarkBirdestablishedtheHopewellblastfurnaceinPennsylvania,ironmakinghadbecomethebackboneofAmericanindustry.ItalsohadbecomeoneofthemajorissuesthatfomentedtherevolutionarybreakbetweenEnglandandtheBritishcolonies.BythetimetheWarofIndependencebrokeoutin1776,Bird,angeredanddetermined,wasmanufacturingcannonsandshotatHopewelltobeusedbytheContinentalArmy.Afterthewar,Hopewell,alongwithhundredsofotherironplantations,continuedtoformthenewnationsindustrialfoundationwellintothenineteenthcentury.Therurallandscapebecamedottedwithtallstonepyramidsthatbreathedflamesandsmoke,charcoal-fueledironfurnacesthatproducedtheversatilemetalsocrucialtothenationsgrowth.Generationsofironmasters,craftspeople,andworkersproducedgoodsduringwarandpeace-rangingfromcannonsandshottodomesticitemssuchascast-ironstoves,pots,andsashweightsforwindows.TheregionaroundHopewellhadeverythingneededforironproduction:awealthofironorenearthesurface,limestoneforremovingimpuritiesfromtheiron,hardwoodforeststosupplythecharcoalusedforfuel,rushingwatertopowerthebellowsthatpumpedblastsofairintothefurnacefires,andworkerstosupplythelabor.Bythe1830s,Hopewellhaddevelopedareputationforproducinghighqualitycast-ironstoves,forwhichtherewasasteadymarket.AsPennsylvaniaaddedmorelinkstoitstransportationsystemofroads,canals,andrailroads,itbecameeasiertoshippartsmadebyHopewellworkerstositesallovertheeastcoast.TheretheywereassembledintostovesandsoldfromRhodeIslandtoMarylandastheHopewellstove.BythetimethelastfiresburnedoutatHopewellironworksin1883,thecommunityhadproducedsome80,000cast-ironstoves.1.Thewordimplicationsinline2isclosestinmeaningto(A)significance(B)motives(C)foundations(D)progress2.ItcanbeinferredthatthepurposeofthelegislationpassedbyEnglandin1750wasto(A)reducethepriceofEnglish-madeirongoodssoldinthecolonies(B)preventtheoutbreakoftheWarofIndependence(C)requirecoloniststobuymanufacturedgoodsfromEngland.(D)keepthecoloniesfromestablishingnewmarketsfortheirrawmaterials.3.Theauthorcomparesironfurnacestowhichofthefollowing?(A)cannons(B)pyramids(C)pots(D)windows4.Thewordrushinginline21isclosestinmeaningto(A)reliable(B)fresh(C)appeal