江苏省南京市2020年中考英语考试真题与答案解析

江苏省南京市2022年中考[英语]考试真题与答案解析一、单项填空请认真阅读下列各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。1.WestillknowlittleabouttheMoon________menhavelandedonit.（）A.ifB.sinceC.althoughD.because2.China’seffortstostopthespreadofCOVID-19will________theworld’sabilitytolimittheharminthenearfuture.（）A.imagineB.inventC.insistD.improve3.Sorry,youcan’ttakethedictionaryaway,Vicky.I________it.（）A.usedB.amusingC.haveusedD.wasusing4.Jennyjustwondered________Angelaalreadyknewabouttheevent.（）A.howsoonB.howmanyC.howoftenD.howmuch5.Bythetimeshewaseight,Linda________readEnglishandFrench.（）A.couldB.mustC.needD.may6.WhenHenryfirstcametoNanjingin2010，itwasall________tohim,buthesoonlearnthiswayaround.（）A.smoothB.slightC.strangeD.successful7.Whataterribleexperience!________,luckyus,wearesafenow.（）A.AnywayB.OtherwiseC.ForexampleD.Asaresult8.ThepostersaysBasketballComputerGame________.（）FORSALEBasketballComputerGame2-4playersBoughtlastmonthPlayedonce-worksperfectlyPhonelack:3665444A.isdesignedbyJackB.isonlysuitableforyoungerplayersC.isalmostnewandingoodconditionD.doesnotworkontheseller’scomputer9.NanjingZijinshanInsectMuseum,whichwillbeopentothepublicsoon,wasformedatthefootofZhongshan________April2nd.（）A.inB.onC.atD.from10.Howdelicious!Didthestudentsmakethefruitsaladallby________?（）A.theyB.themC.theirD.themselves11.—WhichbicycleshouldIchoose,sir?—It______whatyouwanttouseitfor.（）A.takesonB.carriesonC.putsonDdependson12.NowwastefromdailylifeinthecityofShanghai______tobeseparatedintofourdifferentgroups.（）A.isrequiringB.isrequiredC.wasrequiredD.required13.Mariaisalwaysfullof______becauseshetakesexerciseeveryday.（）A.energyB.talentC.humourD.wealth14.ManyChinesecharacterssymbolisetheirmeanings,unlikeEnglishwordswhicharespeltoutaccordingtohowtheysound.Theunderlinedword“symbolise”inthesentenceisa(n)______.（）A.nounB.verbC.adjectiveD.adverb15.—Itwasafantastictrip.So,whichcitydidyoulikebest,Wuhan,ChengduorChongqing?—______.Thereweregoodthingsandbadthingsaboutthem.（）A.NoproblemB.ItishardtosayC.EnjoyyourselfD.Youmustbejoking二、完形填请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Accordingtoseveralrecentsurveys,somepeoplefearpublicspeakingmorethananythingelse.16,thisfearcanbeovercome(克服)withtwosimplemethods:practiceandusingpositive(正面的)energyfromtheaudience.Practicingforaspeechisessential.17thetaskofwritingthespeechiscomplete,speakersmustpractice,practice,practice.Themoretimestheypracticethespeech,themore18theyarediscussingthetopic.Using19suchasmirrorsorvideorecordingsastheypracticecanshowspeakerswhattheylookandsoundliketotheaudience.Videoisparticularlyhelpfulasitcanbe20manytimes,withthepresentersfocusing(集中)ononepartatatime.Another21ofdealingwithpublicspeakingfearsisusingtheaudience’spositiveenergy.Speakersneedtorememberthattheaudiencewantsthemto22.Somethingasbasicasasmallnodorasmilefromamemberoftheaudienceshouldgive23tothepresentersbehindthepodium.Whileitiseasyfornervousspeakerstofocusonlyongettingthroughthepresentation,usingtheaudience's24will(意愿)helpsmuchinmakingaspeechbetter.Allinall,thesetwostrategiesaresuretohelpwithfearofpublicspeaking.Withproperpracticeandaudienceempathy(共鸣),itis25toovercomethefearofpublicspeakinganddeliverasuccessfulspeech.Sothereisnoneedtofearpublicspeakinganymore.（）16.A.LuckilyB.SuddenlyC.SadlyD.Terribly（）17.A.UnlessB.AfterC.UntilD.Before（）18.A.nervousB.scaredC.comfortableD.difficult（）19.A.objectsB.activitiesCsignsD.instructions（）20.A.foundB.soldC.clearedD.watched（）21.A.causeBproblemC.wayDpurpose（）22.A.surpriseBscreamC.supposeD.succeed（）23.A.confidenceBchallengeC.humourD.service（）24.A.poorBgoodC.weakD.free（）25.A.necessaryB.importantC.interestingD.possible三、阅读理解请认真阅读下列材料，从材料后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。[A]TheWallaWallaWallabyFoundationWelcometotheWallaWallaWallabyFoundationofAmerica,Washingtonchapter.Hereyouwillfindnews,photos,andotherresourcesaboutthewallaby.Inaddition,oursite’sunique(独特的)featuresformembersincludeprofilepages,discussionforums(论坛),andothercontents.Wearetheworld'sbestwallabysupportgroup.Forover20years,theWallaWallaWallabyFoundationhasservedtheWallaWallacommunitythrougheducationandoutreachonbehalfofthewallaby.SearchMemberLoginDiscussionForumsMemberProfilesDonateContactUs（）26.TheWallaWallaWallabyFoundationissetupto________.A.sellthewallaby’sfoodB.supportthewallabyC.takephotosofthewallabyD.providenewsaboutthewallaby（）27.IfyouwanttogivemoneytosupportWWWF,youcanclickontheicon“________”.A.AboutWWWFB.DonateC.DiscussionForumsD.EducationalResources（）28.Thereadingmaterialaboveis________.A.adiaryB.astoryC.aquestionnaireD.awebpage[B]Teaistastyandgoodforyou.Itisalsooneofthemostpopulardrinksaroundtheworld.Butwhatistea?Andwhyisitsopopular?Allteacomesfromtealeavesbutteaisnotalwaysthesame.Therearemanykindsoftea.Youcandrinkblacktea,greentea,whiteteaorfruittea.Eachtypeofteahasadifferenttasteandadifferentcolour.ThehistoryofteabeginsinAsia.InChina,KoreaandJapan,teaisstillveryimportanttoday.InJapan,itcantakemanyhourstoprepareanddrinkteawithyourguests.InMalaysia,apopulardrinkatbreakfastistehtarik(‘pulledtea’).Malaysianssayitisgoodforyouandtastesgoodwithcanaibread.TouristsinKualaLumpurlikewatchingtheteasellersmake‘pulledtea’.Theteasellerspourhotwateronblacktea.Afterfiveminutes,theyaddsugarandmilk.Thenthey‘pull’thetea—theypourtheteafromonecuptoanothermanytimes.Inmanycountries,youmusthaveaspecialkettletomaketea.Peopleindifferentcountriesalsoliketoadddifferentthingstotheirtea.Forexample,Russiansuseaspecialkettlecalledasamovar.Theylikedrinkingteawithlemon.Sometimes,theyalsodrinkteawithsomesugarorjam.InTurkey,teacomesinaCaydanlik.ACaydanlikhastwokettles:oneforthewaterandoneforthetea.DrinkTurkishteawithsomesugar.Arabtea,calledkarak,hascardamom,ginger,milkandsugar.IntheUnitedKingdom,theyaddsomemilkandsugar.TheBritishusuallyeatbiscuitswiththeirtea.InJapan,theylike...（）29.Tea,adrinkwithalonghistory,firstappearedin_______.A.EuropeB.AmericaC.AsiaD.Africa（）30.Thewriterusesthepunctuationmark“…”attheendofthepassageto___．A.expresshisuncertainlyofthesubjectB.showhisspecialtasteinJapaneseteaC.attractreaders’interestinfurtherreadingD.hidehislimitedknowledgeinthisfield（）31.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheHistoryofTeaB.DifferentTeaKettlesC.TheMostPopularDrinkD.TheWorldinaTeacupLIFEisAWKWARD.Whatshouldyoudowhenyourparentsareembarrassing(使尴尬)youinfrontofyourfriends?Orwhatifyouseewhatlookslikeaclassmatestealingsomeoneelse’sheadphones?InoursocialQ’scolumn(专栏),theteenagerHarperEdigerandtheadultPhilipGlancesgivetheirbestadvicetokidslookingforhelpnavigatingreal-lifesituations.Nowit’syourturn:Doyouhaveaquestionaboutanuncomfortablesocialsituationatschool,athome,onsocialmediaoramongfriends?EmailittousatKjdsqs@andHarperandPhilipmayansweritinafutureissue.Pleaseincludeyourageandhometown.C’mon,weknowyouhaveone.Toinspire(激励)you,herearereader-submittedquestionswe’vepublishedinpreviousissues:MymomsignsmeupforcampsandactivitieswithoutaskingwhatIwanttodo.IonlylearnwhatI’mdoingatthelastminute.Idon’tlikethatit’sasurprise,andIfeelthatIshouldbeabletohelpplanmytime.HowcanIhavemoreofasay?Atmyschool,fourthgradersneedtolearndifferentdances,thendressupforafancypartywhereweaskpartnerstodancewithus.Thismakesmenervous,andI’mnotlookingforwardtoit.HowshouldIhandlethissituation?Mysisterishomeforcollegebreak，andluckyme,she’smyroommate.AsI’m12andshe’salmost19,webothwantourownspace.Iknowshedoesn’tmeanitpersonally,butshealwayscomplainsthatshedoesn’thaveahome,whichmakesmefeelasifI’mintrudinginmyownroom.DoItellherhowIfeelorletitgo?（）32.WhatshouldbeincludedinyouremailtothesocialQ’scolumn?A.Name,ageandsocialmedia.B.Age,schoolandhometown.C.Age,hometownandquestions.D.Name,schoolandquestions.（）33.Theunderlinedword“say”inthepassagemeans________.A.theabilitytoplantimeB.thechancetosetupcampsC.therighttomakedecisionsD.theplantoenjoyactivities（）34.Thewriterusessomepublishedreader-submittedquestionsinorderto________.A.showkidswaysofsolvingproblemsB.givekidsexamplesofwhattowriteaboutC.shareHarperandPhilip’sadvicewithkidsD.offerkidsachancetocomplainabouttheirlives（）35.ThesocialQ’scolumnisdesignedto________.A.helpkidsdealwiththeirtroublesB.trainkidstowriteC.havekidsintroducethemselvesD.advisekidstobehavewell[D]Me:Hello,TelevisionViewers!IamAzizaBellamy,andthanksforwatching.Iwanttoespeciallythankyou,Ms.Bertha,foragreeingtothisinterviewonlivetelevision.It’sapleasuretomeetyou,thefirst-knowntrans-galacticvisitortoEarth.Now,IunderstandthatyouarefromaplanetcalledZadernol?Bertha:JustcallmeMissBerthaorBertha,please,butnot“Ms.”Me:Okay,sorryaboutthat.So,you’vebeenonEarthforaboutaweeknow.Whathavebeenyourbiggestdisappointmentsorchallengessofar?Bertha:It’snottheworstplanetI’veeverbeento.Mercurywasmuchworse.Thealiens—oops,Imeanhumans,havebeenunkind,overall.ThefamilyI’mstayingwith,forexample,wereniceatfirst.ButnowtheyrolltheireyeswheneverIopenmymouthtosayanything.They’renotinterestedinanyofmystories.AndIthinktheymaybetryingtoavoidme.Worstofall,theymakemewashmyowndishesandbathemyself.They’resorude.Me:Oh,um...wow.That’sjust...Bertha:IamusedtohavinghighstandardswhenIchoosewheretostay,bytheway.Ihavestayedwithroyaltyandpresidentsonotherplanets.Andtheyalladored(崇拜)meandbeggedmenottoleave.ButIgavethishumanfamilyachancetohostme.Imean,really,theyshouldbegratefulthatIselectedthem,ofallthepeopleonEarth,towashmyclothesandcookmymealsandentertain(款待)me.Me:Well,whatyou’resayingissurprising,Bertha.Doyouthinkit’spossiblethatthisfamilyjustwantsyoutopitchinalittle,tobeagoodguest?Bertha:It’soddtomethatyou’renotagreeingwithme.Ifyouweresmarter,you’dagreewithme.That’sanotherthing.EveryoneonZadernolissmarterthanthesmartestpersononEarth.Earthisbelowme.Me:Youknowwhat.Bertha?I’mstartingtoseewhyyou’resounhappyhereonEarth.You’rejustaboastful(自夸的),spoiledalien.（）36.Whoishostingtheinterview?A.AzizaBellamy.B.Bertha.C.Atrans-galacticvisitor.D.Apresident.（）37.Whichofthefollowingsentencesfromthepassageisanopinion?A.Well,whatyou’resayingissurprising,Bertha.B.So,you’vebeenonEarthforaboutaweeknow.C.Ihavestayedwithroyaltyandpresidentsonotherplanets.D.ButnowtheyrolltheireyeswheneverIopenmymouthtosayanything.（）38.Fromthepassage,weknowthatAzizais________.A.proudofBerthaB.interestedinZademolC.dissatisfiedwithBerthaD.scaredofBertha’swords（）39.WhatmightAzizawriteinhisdiaryabouttheinterview?A.TalkingtoBerthawasgreatfun.InowknowmuchaboutZademol.B.WeshouldtrytoimproveourearthasBerthashometownismuchbetter.C.Theinterviewwasinteresting.ButIdislikethefamilyBerthaisstayingwith.D.Itwasanunusualinterview,andanunexpectedexperienceaswell.（）40.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat________.A.beingboastfulwillwinusfewfriendsB.therearemanygoodreasonstobeboastfulC.peoplewhoboastalotarebetterthanothersD.boastingalotisagoodwaytogetpeopletolikeus四、填空A）请根据括号中所给的汉语写出单词，使句子意思完整正确，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为41-45的相应横线上。41.Thisisthe_______(第三)timethatIhavebeeninNanjing.42.Tomkeptcallingmeforyears,_______(甚至)afterhegraduated.43.Whydon’tyou_______(邀请)Jerrytoplaysportsintheplaygroundtomorrowmorning?44.Whatyoulearnatschoolplaysaveryimportantpartinshapingyourbehaviourin_______(社会).45.IfyougotoBeijing,makesureyouvisitChinaScienceandTechnologyMuseum.It’smyfavouritemuseuminthe________(整个的)country.B）请根据句子意思，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为46-50的相应横线上。46.It’spopular______(hire)aboatandrowontheXuanwuLake.47.Thenoisemadesleep_________(possible),soIgotupandreadabook.48.TheSiberiantiger,knownastheNortheastTigerinChina,is________(large)tigerofall.49.BeijingOperabringstolifemanyancient________(story)thathelpshapeChineseculture.50.Chinahas________(rapid)becomeaworldleaderinhighspeedrail.Journeysthattookdaysnowtakehours.C）请根据对话内容，从下列方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空，使对话内容完整正确，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为51-55的相应横线上。sellnextmonthmusicalabilityraisemoneyHowaboutJohn:Wherehaveyoubeen?Youmissedtheannouncementaboutthemusicfestival.Frank:Iwasattheteacher’soffice.Musicfestival?John:Yes,it’sgoingtobe51intheschoolhall.Frank,youcanplaytheviolin.52playingitatthefestival？Frank:Well,I’dratherplaythepiano.IcanplayMojito.Whataboutyou,John?John:Actually,Idon’thavemuch53.I’dpreferjusttodosomevoluntarywork.Ican54tickets.Frank:SocanIguessthattheaimofthefestivalisto55?John:Yes.Allofthemoneywillgotocharity.Frank:Well,ifit’sforagoodcause,everyoneshouldtakepart!五、阅读填空A）请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中第56-65小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案填写在答题卡标号为56-65的相应横线上。Carspoweredbygasolineweresoldformanyyearsbeforehybridvehiclesthatusegasoline,electricity,andsolarenergy,Carcompaniesarenowmakingcarsthatarefullypoweredbyelectricityonly.Howdotheseelectriccarsmeasureupto(符合标准)traditionalgasolinecars?Electricandgasolinevehicleslooksimilarontheoutside.Theyhaveverydifferentpartsundertheirhoods.though.Electriccarshaveonemainmovingpart:themotor.Butgascarsliterallyhavehundredsofparts,oftenrequiringfrequentmaintenance(保养)Havingfewerpartsmakestheelectriccarcheapertomaintainandlesslikelytohavemechanicalproblems.Electricvehiclesareenergyefficient,alsomakingthemcheapertooperate.Itcostsabout$1.00totravel43milesinanelectriccar,whichisaclearcontrasttoagascar,whichcostsabout$1.25togo18miles.Basically,anelectriccarcangotwiceasfarasagascarforthesameprice.Electricvehiclesdonothavetailpipeemissions,makingthemmorefriendlytotheenvironment,too.Whilesomedetailsmakeelectriccarsseemattractive,otherdetailsaren’tasfavorable.Forexample,someelectriccarscantravelonly60to120milesonafullcharge(充电).Mostgascarscandrivehundredsofmilesonafulltank.Anelectriccarhastostopmoreoftentogetrecharged.Therefore,agascarwouldbeabetteroption(选择)ifyouhavefartodrive.Andelectriccarsaren’tasconvenient(方便的)topowerupasgascarsare.Thereareplentyofgasstations,butnotmanychargingstationsforelectriccars.Then,onceanelectriccarreachesachargingstation,itcantakeuptosixhourstocharge.Therearecertainlybenefitstobothelectriccarsandgasolinecars.It’sgoodtoknowthatthereisanoption.ElectriccarsvsGasolinecarsIntroductionWiththeappearanceofelectriccars,peoplewonderwhetherelectriccarscanachievethe56standardsasgasolinecars.SimilarityElectriccarsandgasolinecarslooksimilarontheoutside.57Electriccars●Havingfewerpartsreducesthe58oftheirmaintenanceandthe59ofhavingmechanicalproblems.●60withgasolinecars,electriccarsaremoreenergy-saving,makingthemcheapertooperate.●Havingnotailpipeemissions,theyaremoreenvironmentally61.●It62moretimeforelectriccarstogetcharged.Gasolinecars●Gascarscancovera63distanceonafulltankthanelectriccarsonafullcharge．●Gascarsaremore64topowerup.ConclusionBothelectriccarsandgasolinecarshavetheirownbenefits.whichprovidespeoplewitha65.B）请根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为66-75的相应位置上。DoyouhavedifficultylearningEnglishwords?Well,k66avocabularynotebookforlearningnewEnglishwordsisnotdifficult.Herearesomeeasysteps.First,buyanotebookw67atleast100linedpages.Youshouldselectthecolorandsizenotebookthatyouprefer.S68,writedownanyimportantwordsthatyoucomeacrosswhenreadingorlistening.Thisstepr69youtodecidewhetherawordisimportantenoughforyoutolearnnow.Donotassume(认为)thatyouwilllearnthewordl70.Thenextstepisabitdifficultbecauseyouneedtodecidew71informationabouteachwordyouwillwriteinthenotebook.Somelearnerswriteonlyat72oftheword.Otherswriteanexamplephraseusingtheword.I73informationthatmatchesyourlearningstyleandyourneeds.Finally,themostimportantthingyoucandotolearnthewordsinyournotebookistop74thesewordsseveraltimes.Ifthepagesofyournotebookarcwellorganized,youaremorelikelytoreviewthewordsandtheirinformationoverandover.Ifyouf75theseimportantsteps,youcanimproveyourEnglishgreatly.Comea