新视野大学英语读写教程第三版读写教程(U1-U4-translation课后翻译)

Unit1一①wasaclassicalGreekphilosopherwhoiscreditedwithlayingtheofmodernWesternphilosophy.苏拉是位力奠现西哲的希哲家②Heismysteriousfigurechieflythroughtheoflaterclassical,especiallythewritingsofmostfamousstudentPlato.他一神的物先过量来古文家特是最著的生拉的迹hasbecomewellforhiscontributiontofieldofethics.苏拉变出因他伦学个野贡methodofteaching,knownastheSocraticMethod,byaskingandansweringtostimulatecriticalthingingandtoideasremainsausedtoolinawiderangeofdiscussions他教方闻于格底学，过问回问去励具批性思并去释意至得一可共的泛有理讨论式⑤HemadeimportantlastingcontributionstothefieldepistemologylogicthefluenceofhisideasapproachremainsastrongfoundationWesternphilosophyfollowed.他在识和辑方起持重贡，且的想响着者接来西哲形一强力基wasthemostcolorfulfigureinthehistoryofancientphilosophy.苏拉是代学上出的物famewaswidespredinowntime,andnamesoonbecameahousehoidalthoughheconstructednophilosophicaisystem,andfoundedno他名在在的候始开且的字后得喻晓尽他受学统制，判没宗，有绩二孔是国史著的想、育，儒学的始，被为代圣。的论生活记在语书。语中古文的典著，后历的想、学、治产了大响不究语就能正把中几年传文。子很思，其其育想对国会生深远影。21世的今，子学不受中人重，且越越到个国社的视ConfuciusagreatthinkerandeducatorinChinesehistory.wasthefounderofConfucianismandwasrespectfullyreferredasanancient"sage".HiswordslifewererecordedinTheAnalects.enduringclassicancientChineseculture,TheAnalectshashadainfluenceonthethinkers,writers,andstatesmenthatcameafterConfucius.Withoutstudyingthisonecouldunderstandthethousands-of-years'traditionalChineseculture.MuchofConfucius'thought,especiallyhisthoughtoneducation,hashadaprofoundinfluenceonsociety.In21stcentury,ConfucianthoughtnotonlyretainsattentionoftheChinese,butitalsowinsanincreasingattentiontheinternationalcommunity.Unit2一Christmasisawidelyobservedculturalholiday,celebratedonDecemberbymillionspeoplethe圣诞节是一个被广泛庆的文化节日全世界许许多多人在12月庆祝这一节。Itcommemorates纪念)birthJesus它是为了纪念稣基督的辰。Thefestivaldatedasearly336AD.Graduallyitevolvedintoareligiousaswellassecularcelebration,celebratedbyanincreasingof该节日最早追溯到公园年。渐渐地这一节日演为一个是宗教又是宗教的节日越来越多的基督徒庆祝圣诞节TodayChristmasisobservedasanimportantfestivalandpublicholidaythe如今圣诞节在全被作为个重大的节和公共假来庆祝。Christmasdifferdifferentcountries.不同国的圣诞习俗也不相同。PopularmoderncustomsoftheholidayincludeanexchangeofChristmasandgifts,Christmassinging,attendance,thedisplayofvariousChristmasdecorationstrees,gatherings,andspecialpreparation.现代流行的诞节风包括交换圣贺卡和圣礼物、唱诞歌曲参加教堂活、摆放种圣诞装饰和圣诞树、举家庭聚会以准备一特别的大餐Tosmallchildren,thefestivalfullfantasyandsurprise.对小孩们说，这个节充满了想和惊喜。LegendhasitthatSantaClauswillentereachthroughchimneyandbringgiftstowell-behavedonChristmas据传说圣诞老人会圣诞夜烟囱进入每人家，乖巧听话的子带来礼物。BecausegiftgivingandmanyotheraspectsoftheChristmasfestivalheighteneconomicactivityamongbothChristiansandnon-Christians,theholidayalsobecomeasignificantandasalesfor由于圣诞节礼物以及许其他方推动基督徒非基督徒的经活动，圣诞也因此为商家的一重大活和主要销售。二每农八十是国传节—秋。时一秋的中，以称中。中节一重活是月夜，们明，月，庆中佳。秋也家团的刻远他的子会此托己故和人的念情中节习很，寄着们美生的爱向。2008年起中节为国法假。AccordingtotheChineselunarcalendar,Augustofeveryyearisatraditionalfestival-theMid-AutumnFestival.Thisisthemiddleautumn,itiscalledMid-AutumnOnetheimportantMid-Autumnactivitiestoenjoythemoon.Onthatnight,peoplegathertogethertocelebratetheMid-AutumnFestival,atthebrightmoonandeatingmooncakes.festivalisalsoafamilyPeoplefarawayhomeexpressfeelingsofmissinghometownsandthisfestival.Therearecustomstothefestival,allexpressingpeople’sloveandhopeforahappylife.Since2008,Mid-AutumnFestivalhasanofficialnationalholidayChina.Unit3一TheLondonUndergroundisarapidtransit(通运输统systemintheUnitedservingalargepartGreater伦敦地铁是英国的个快速交通输系统服务于大伦的大部地区。TheundergroundsystemisalsoknownastheTube,duetothecharacteristicofthesubwaytunnels.地铁系统其地铁隧道典型形也被称为地管道。Itallstartedinmid-1800s.Tubethe’sundergroundsystem,thesectionin1863.伦敦地铁建于19世纪中期是世界最早的地下路系统它的第一段铁于年开始运。Sincethenhastoanundergroundmasterpiece(作)12275stations,andover250ofrailtrack,45%whichunderground.自此伦敦地不断延伸，展成为个包括12线路275个车站铁轨总长超250里的地杰作，其中45%地下运。Itisthefourthlargestmetrointheworldintermsroutemiles.Ithasofthelargestnumbersofstations.路线长度而言它是世界上四大地系统，也是站数量多的地铁系之一。AsanaffordableeasytogetaroundLondon,theTuberemainsthechoicemillionsofcommuterseachaswellastouriststhecityholidays.作为一走遍伦的经济便捷的途径伦敦地铁一是每天百万通勤者及在节日游历伦敦选。⑦TheTubehasbeenaninternationaliconforLondon.TheLondonUndergroundcelebratedits150yearsofoperationin2013,withvariousmarkingmilestone(程碑.伦敦地已成为伦敦一个国标志。2013伦敦举办各种各的活动，庆祝地运营150周年，念这一程碑。二中航业创1956年，十年，国天业造一又个迹1970年中国功射第颗造球星成世上五独自研制发人地卫的家1992年中开实载航飞行程mannedspaceflightprogram2003年中成发了“舟号”人船，中成第个射人船国年射“娥号即一绕球飞（lunar-orbiting的造星2013年，五载飞“舟号发成，中空站建打了基。China’sspaceindustrywaslaunchedin1956.Overthepastdecades,China’sspaceindustryhascreatedmiracleanother.1970Chinaitsfirstman-madeearthsatellite,Chinathefifthintheworldindependentlyandman-madeearthsatellites.In1992Chinabegantooutmannedspaceflightprogram.2003launchedShenzhou-5,amannedspaceship.ThesuccessfullaunchmadeChinathethirdcountrytolaunchmannedspaceships.In2007Chang’e-1,thefirstlunar-orbitingman-madesatellite,sentspace.2013Shenzhou-10,thefifthmannedspaceship,waslaunchedsuccessfully,layingfoundationforbuildingtheSpaceStation.Unit4一作为通中国游历亚的首批洲人之一，可波罗能是中国人熟知的外国商和航海家。AsoneoffirstEuropeanstotravelacrossAsiathroughMarcoPoloisperhapsmostwell-knownforeignmerchantvoyagerthepeople.从年到1295他他的家游历广泛遍及欧洲和洲Hetraveledextensively(广泛地withhisjourneyingEuropetoAsiafromto期间，在中国留居17Heremainedinfor17thoseyears.他的著作《可波罗记》描述了游历亚的旅，让欧人首次全面略了包中国、印度日本在的远东地区情况。bookTheTravelsofMarcoPolodepictshisjourneysthroughoutAsia,givingEuropeanstheircomprehensiveintotheFarEast,includingChina,India,andJapan.从他的文字述中，方人第一次解到瓷、煤、火药印刷术、纸以丝绸。FromhiswrittenaccountstheWesternerslearnedofporcelain,gunpowder,paperandforthefirst在纪末和纪欧洲现与征的大航海时，马可罗所记录的量地泛ThewealthofnewgeographicinformationrecordedbyPolowasinthelate15thandthe16thcenturiesduringtheagetheEuropeanvoyagesofdiscoveryandconquest(服)。在他去世的个几个纪里，马可罗获得他在生之年曾获得的赞誉。Inthecenturiessincedeath,Poloreceivedrecognitionfailedcomewayhislifetime.马可波罗的事鼓舞其他无数的险者去上征，发现界。MarcoPolo’shasinspiredotheradventurerstosetandseetheworld.二郑是国史最名航家maritimeexplorer。元1405年，朝统者了固防borderdefense）开海上易派和西（theWestern在此的28年，和领队下洋前出的员多人访了30多个家地。队横亚西，直非大。和西是世航（navigation史的举它现郑