中国文化1原修改未删减版

AGLIMPSEOFCHINESECULTURE中国文化概况Overview概述学习目标了解中国的各种国家标志；掌握中国地理、历史、人口、民

族、政治体制、经济的基本概况;能够用英语介绍自己的国家。1Lead-inActivity2ASketchofChina3

Discussion&PresentationOverview5Lead-inActivityWatchthisvideo.Whatwouldyousayifyouareaskedtogiveavoiceover（画外音）foritinEnglish?Watch&Think1Lead-inActivity2ASketchofChina3

Discussion&PresentationOverview71NationalSymbols2Geography4People5PoliticsASketchofChina3History6EconomyNationalSymbolsNationalDayNationalFlagNationalEmblemNationalAnthemNationalCapitalNationalSymbols1stOctoberinmemoryofthefoundingofthePeople’sRepublicofChina(PRC)on1October1949.NationalDayNationalSymbolsChinaNationalDay’sParadeUptonow,14NationalDaymilitaryparadeshavebeenheldPurpose:todisplaytheprofoundachievementsaccomplishedintheconstructionofthePLA;toshowcasethenewspiritsofPLAmilitaryofficersandsoldiers.NationalSymbolsFlag-raisingCeremonyatTian'anmenSquareNationalSymbolsNationalFlagSymbolic

meaning:

Theredcolouroftheflag:revolution

Theyellowcolourofthestars:thegoldenbrilliantraysradiatingfromthevastredland

Thedesignoffoursmallerstarssurroundingabiggerone:theunityoftheChinesepeopleundertheleadershipoftheCommunistPartyofChina(CPC)NationalSymbolsNationalEmblemElements:patternsoftheNationalFlag,theTian’anmenGate,acogwheelandearsofgrain.Symbolic

meaning:itsymbolizestheNew-DemocraticRevolutionoftheChinesepeoplesincethe4MayMovementin1919andthebirthofNewChinaunderthepeople’sdemocraticdictatorshipledbytheworkingclassonthebasisoftheworker-peasantalliance.NationalSymbolsNationalAnthemMarchoftheVolunteersMusic:byNieErLyrics:byTianHanPurpose:TohonourthosewhowenttothefronttofighttheJapaneseinvadersinnortheastChinainthe1930sItwasofficiallyadoptedastheNationalAnthemofthePRCon4December1982bytheNationalPeople’sCongress.NationalSymbolsNationalCapitalBeijing

Thenation’spoliticalcentreChina’seconomic,scientific,cultural,andeducationalheartFamousforitsmanyplacesofhistoricinterestandscenicbeauty,liketheForbiddenCity,theTempleofHeaven,theSummerPalace,theMingTombs,theBadalingsectionoftheGreatWall,etc.1NationalSymbols2Geography4People5PoliticsASketchofChina3History6EconomyLocationandBoundaryTopographyRiversandLakesClimateGeographyGeographyLocationandBoundaryGeographyWhat’sthelocationofChina?IntheeastoftheAsiancontinent;OnthewesternshoreofthePacificocean;alandareaofabout9.6millionsquarekilometres;thethirdlargestcountryintheworld,nextonlytoRussiaandCanada.GeographyWhatarethefeaturesofChinesetopography?acountryofvariedtopographicalfeatureswithhighlandsinthewestandplainsintheeastTheterraindescendsfromthewesttoeastlikeafour-stepstaircase.GeographyQinghai-TibetPlateauinSouthwestChina(above4000m)InnerMongoliaPlateau,theLoessPlateau,theYunnan-GuizhouPlateau,theTarimBain,theJunggarBasinandSichuanBasin(1000m-2000m)TheNortheastPlain,theNorthChinaPlainandtheMiddle-LowerYangtzePlain(500-1000m)ThecontinentalshelfGeographyChinaaboundswithrivers.MostofthelargerivershavetheirsourceontheQinghai-TibetPlateau,anddropgreatlybetweensourceandmouths.Chinaisrichinwater-powerresources,leadingtheworldinhydropowerpotential.China’sriverscanbecategorisedasexteriorandinteriorsystems.RiversandLakesGeographytheYangtzeRiverthelongestriverinChina(6,300km)flowsthrough11provinces,autonomousregionsandmunicipalitiesoneofthemainarteryofwatertransportationbetweeneasternandwesternChinaRiversandLakesGeographytheYellowRiverChina’ssecondlongestriver;(5,464km)Themostheavilysilt-ladenriverintheworldItscatchmentareaisanimportantbaseforgrainsinChina.RiversandLakesGeographytheGrandCanalalsocalledJinghangCanal(1,801km)wasopentonavigationover1,000yearsago;passesthroughonecity,fourprovincesandlinksfivemajorrivers.RiversandLakesGeographyClimateMostofChinaliesinthenorthtemperatezonewarmclimateanddistinctiveseasonscontinentalmonsoon(季风)climatewinter:coldanddrywintersandgreattemperaturedifferencebetweennorthernandsouthernChinasummer:overallhightemperatureandplentifulrainfall,andlittletemperaturedifferencebetweennorthernandsouthernChinaGeography1NationalSymbols2Geography4People5PoliticsASketchofChina3History6Economy29HistoryAnoutlinehistoryYuanmouManandPekingManTheAncientPeriodTheModernTimesHistoryYuanmouManandPekingManYuanmouMan,wholived1.7millionyearsago,isthefirstprimitivemanknowntohaveexistedinChina.PekingMan,whoexistedmorethan400,000yearsago,couldwalkupright,makeandusesimpletools,andmakeuseoffire.HistoryTheAncientPeriodWhyarewecalled“thedescendantsofYanandHuang(炎黄子孙)”?Chinesehistorybeganwithtwolegendaryfigures—EmperorHuangandEmperorYan,who,togetherwiththeirtribes,inhabitedthedrainageareaalongthemiddlereachesoftheYellowRiver.Consequently,theChinesepeopleusuallycallthemselves“thedescendantsofYanandHuang”.HistoryTheAncientPeriodFeudalSociety(封建社会)Thefirstunited,centralized,multi-ethnicfeudalmonarchyistheQindynastyestablishedbyYingZheng.slavery(奴隶制)

beganduringtheXiadynastythethreesagekings:Yao,ShunandYuHistoryTheModernPeriodBeganwithTheOpiumWar(鸦片战争)From1840Chinagraduallybecameacountryofsemifeudal,semi-colonialstatus.In1912,theRepublicofChina(中华民国)wasfoundedunderSunYat-sen’sleadership.In1949,thePeople’sRepublicofChinawasfounded.1NationalSymbols2Geography4People5PoliticsASketchofChina3History6EconomyPeoplePopulation1,307.56million(attheendof2005)“onechildpolicy”

●originallyappliedtocontrolthe

populationincrease,improve

populationquality

●Itwaschangedin2014andnowallowscouplestohavetwochildrenifeitherparentisanonlychild.教学大纲DistributionoftheEthnicgroups56ethnicgroups(Han,91.59%)thepopulationofallthe55minorityethnicgroupstotaled106,43million(8.41%

ofthetotalpopulationofChina)WhatistheethnicpolicyinChina?

Equality,unity,mutualassistanceandcommonprosperity1NationalSymbols2Geography4People5PoliticsASketchofChina3History6EconomyPoliticsPoliticalSystemThesupremeorganofstatepower:TheNPCThelocalorgansofstatepower:LocalPeople’sCongressesThepermanentorganoftheNPC:theStandingCommitteeoftheNPCThetermofofficeoftheNPCanditsStandingCommittee:fiveyearsTheNPCanditsStandingCommitteeareempoweredwiththerightsoflegislation,decision,supervision,electionandremoval.国家权力的最高权力机关：全国人民代表大会地方国家权力机关：地方各级人民代表大会全国人民代表大会常务委员会：全国人民代表大会常务委员会全国人大及其常委会的任期：五年全国人大及其常委会被赋予了权利立法、决策、监督、选举和任免（免除）。PoliticsPoliticalSystemTheCPPCCapoliticaladvisorybodyundertheleadershipoftheCPCanorganforotherpoliticalparties,massorganizationsandpersonagesofvarioussocialcirclestotakepartintherunningofthestate【人民政协】中国共产党领导下的政治咨询机构参加国家的其他政党、社团、社会各界人士参与的机构PoliticsAdministrativeDivisions【行政区划】Three-tiersystem(三级建制)

provinces【省】counties【县】townships【乡】AtpresentChinahas:23provinces5autonomousregions【自治区】4municipalities【直辖市】twospecial

administrativeregions

【特别行政区】1NationalSymbols2Geography4People5PoliticsASketchofChina3History6EconomyEconomicDevelopmentandReformtheworld’ssecondlargesteconomybynominalGDPandbypurchasingpowerparity,onlyaftertheUnitedStates;thelargestexporterandsecondlargestimporterofgoodsintheworld;thelargestmanufacturingeconomyintheworld.Economy经济发展与改革按国内生产总值和购买力来说是世界上第二大经济体，仅次于美国；世界上最大的出口商和第二大进口商品国世界上最大的制造业经济体DengXiaopingbornonAug22,1904inSouthwestChina'sSichuanprovincethe"chiefarchitectofChina'sreformandopening-up"madepainstakingeffortsinleadingthecountry'stransformationdrivestartinginthe1970sEcono