高考必备词汇讲与练5

高考必备词汇讲与练知识成就梦想，学习成就未来！List21attractvt.&vi.吸引；有吸引力常见搭配：attractone’sattention吸引某人的注意attractsb.tosth.吸引某人做某事词族：attractionn.吸引；吸引力attractivea.有吸引力的；迷人的beattractiveto…对……有吸引力attractivelyad.迷人地；有吸引力地attraction的常见搭配：touristattraction旅游景点attractionforsb.对某人的吸引力majorattraction主要景点attractiontosb.(两性间的)迷恋谚语：Likeattractslike.物以类聚，人以群分真题例句：Itisapitythattheindustrialcitiesbuiltinthenineteenthcenturydon’tattractvisitors.这座19世纪建设的工业城不能吸引游客真是一件让人遗憾的事audiencen.（演讲、演奏会、戏剧等的）观众；听众;(文学作品的)读者；欣赏着常见搭配：anaudienceof…由……组成的观众targetaudience目标观众audiencerating收视率真题例句：Theactressperformedsowellthattheaudiencecheeredandclappedexcitedlyauthentica.真实的；可信的；真正的authenticpainting真迹画词族：inauthentic假的；不真实的Authenticallyad.真实地；可靠地Authenticityn.真实性authorn.作家；创始人；作者常见搭配：betheauthorof…是……的作者Originalauthor原著者词族：authoressn.女作家真题例句：Alltheauthorscangoodteachersinprimaryschools.所有的作家都能成为小学的好老师。authorityn.权力；权威；当局；威信常见搭配：localauthority地方当局theauthoritytodosth.做某事的权力anauthorityonsth.某方面的权威人士naturalauthority天生的威信词族：authoritariana.独裁主义的；权力主义的n.独裁主义者Authoritarianismn.独裁主义Authoritativea.权威的；可信的authoritativelyad.权威地；可信地automatica.自动的；自动化的常见搭配：fullyautomatic全自动的Automaticcontrolsystem自动控制系统词族；automaticallyad.自动地Automationn.自动化真题例句：Thechangetotheroadtrafficlawwillpermitfullyautomaticdriving.道路交通法的修改将允许全自动驾驶autonomousa.自治的；自发的；自动的常见搭配：autonomousstate/province/region自治州/省/区词族：autonomyn.自治；自治权真题例句：Thismonth,thetransportministerproposedthefirstsetofrulesforautonomousvehicles.本月，交通部长提出了第一份针对自动驾驶车辆的规则availablea.有空的；可利用的；可得到的常见搭配：beavailablefor…对…有效；可用于……的beavailable有空词族：availvt.&vi.有用；效用例句：Itisreportedthattheamountofmoneyavailabletobuybookshasfallenby13%inthelasttenyears.据报道，用于购买书籍的金钱数量在过去的十年里下降了13%。avenuen.林荫大道，大街；（达到某物的）方法；渠道FifthAvenue(美国纽约的)第五大道例句：HewalkedtothebusstopatthecornerofParkAvenueandSixthStreet.他步行到位于公园大道和第六街拐角处的公交车站averagen.平均；平均数；平均水平a.平均的；中等的vt.算…的平均数常见搭配：on(the)average平均地,平均而言Below/abovetheaverage低于/高于平均水平真题例句：Lastyearwasthewarmestyearonrecord,withglobaltemperaturealmost1°Cabovetheaverage.去年是有史以来最热的一年，全球气温比平均气温高出将近1摄氏度根据提示或句意完成句子1.An__________isawide,straightroad,especiallyonewithtreesoneitherside.2.Hehasno_________________(天生威信)andnocapacityforimposinghiswillonothers.3.What___________(attract)metotheprojectmostistheopportunitytocommunicatewithforeignfriendsandknowabouttheirculture.4.Threegunmen__________________(带着自动步枪)firedandkilledseveralvillagers.5.Ifyousaysomeoneis____________,youmeanshe/heisnotbusyand,therefore,isfreetotalktoyouortodoaparticulartask.6.Exercisingafterbreakfastburnedslightlymorecalories,______________(平均而言),thanthataftergettingupimmediately.7.An____________personmakestheirowndecisionsratherthanbeinginfluencedbyothers.8.The___________ofawriterorartististhepeoplewhoreadtheirbooksorlookattheirworks.9.Nowadaysmanyfamousuniversitycampuseshavebecomepopular_______________(旅游景点).10.The__________ofapieceofwritingisthepersonwhowroteit.(keys1avenue2.naturalauthority3attracts4withautomaticrifles5.available6onaverage7autonomous8audience9touristattraction10author)List22avoidvt.避免；避开，常见搭配：avoiddoing…避免做某事词族：avoidablea.可以避免的avoidancen.逃避真题例句：Toavoidaccidents，sometrampolineshave8safetynetaroundthem.为了避免意外，一些蹦床周围有8张安全网awakea.醒着的v.唤醒；醒悟常见搭配：stayawake保持清醒awakefrom…从……中醒来wideawake清醒的；机警的；毫无睡意的词族：awakenv.唤醒；使意识到真题例句：Standupandwalkaroundyouwillfeelmoreawake.站起来四处走动，你会感觉到更清醒awardn.奖，奖品v.授予；给予常见搭配：awardsth.tosb.把某物授给某人win/getanawardforsth.因某事获奖真题例句：Hereceivedmanyawardsforhiswork,includingtheNobelPrizeforphysics.他因工作而获得了很多奖，包括诺贝尔物理奖awarea.意识到的；常见搭配：be/becomeawareof…/that…明白……；意识到……wellaware一清二楚asfarasIamaware据我所知=asfarasIcanseetobepoliticallyaware有政治意识词族：awarenessn.明白；意识unawarea.未意识到的；不明白的真题例句：Nursesandothercare-giversneedtobeawareofthepossiblemeaningsofsilencewhentheycomeacrossthepersonalanxietytheirpatientsmaybeexperiencing.当护工人员发现病人可能正在面临个人焦虑时，他们需要认识到沉默的意义。awayad.向远处；离开a.离开的；不在的常见搭配：farawayfrom…离……很远=farfromawayfrom…远离rightaway立刻getawayfrom…逃脱……的惩罚awayfromitall远离尘嚣outandaway大大地；远远地真题例句：IfinditveryeasytolosemyselfinmydiarywhenIamawayfrommyusualactivities.我发现当我脱离我的日常活动时，我很容易迷失在我的日记中。awesomea.令人敬畏的；令人畏惧的；极好的awesomescenery集美的景色词族：awesomelyad.惊叹地；赫然真题例句：Themovieisawesome.It’sreallyapitythatyoudidn’tmakeit.awfula.极坏的；可拍的ad.极其feelawful感到难过搭配：awfulweather糟糕的天气awfulair威风凌凌awfulmess凌乱不堪；烂摊子词族：awfulnessn.威严；可怕awfullyadv.可怕地；十分；非常真题例句：Thoseawfulpicturesonthewallmademesad.墙上那些可怕的照片使我很受伤。awkwarda.棘手的；笨拙的；尴尬的常用搭配：anawkwardsilence一阵令人尴尬的沉默anawkwardquestion一个棘手的问题词族：awkwardlyad.笨拙地；无技巧地awkwardnessn.笨拙；尴尬真题例句：Sheremainedawkwardaroundherclassmates.她在同学们面前很尴尬。词汇辨析：embarrassed；awkward都有“尴尬的”的意思。embarrassed指感到尴尬、难为情、不好意思的状态。（Someonewhoisembarrassedfeelsshy,ashamed,orguiltyaboutsomething）awkward指令人感到尴尬、难堪的，或形容某事不好处理、对付等。(Somethingawkwardisembarrassingordifficulttodealwith)1.Ifelt___________whenIgottrappedbythesecuritydoor.2.Therewasan___________silenceintheconversation.(1.embarrassed2.Awkward)根据句意和提示完成句子1.Don’t_____________(扔掉)thingsyoudon’tneedanymore.2.Wecouldflyat480kilometersperhour,___________(avoid)trafficlightsandbusyroads.3.Withadifficultproblemtosolve,Icouldnotrelaxandstillfelt______________(毫无睡意)atmidnightyesterday.4.Shewas__________(award)theprizeforbothfilmsyesterday.5.Something__________isextremelyunpleasant,shocking,orbad.6.Everyoneshould______________(意识到)theimportanceandurgencyofprotectingtheenvironment.7.Ifyousaysomethingis____________,youmeanthattheyareveryimpressiveorextraordinary.(keys1throwaway2avoiding3wideawake4awarded5awful6.beawareof7.Awesome)List23bachelorn.学士；单身汉常用搭配：bachelordegree学士学位BachelorofScience理学学士BachelorofArt文科学士BachelorofEngineering工程学士bachelorparty单身汉舞会词族：bachelorhoodn.单身生活；独身真题例句：AfterschoolNickwentonwithfurtherstudyandgetadoublebachelordegree.毕业后尼克继续深造，取得了双学士学位backn.背；后面ad.回原处；向后；往回常见搭配：atthebackof…在……的后面Backandforth来来回回；反复地Backup支持；倒退；备份（资料等）Backout退出；收回Backtoback背靠背真题例句：Itistrueinlifethatifwejustkeepgoingforwardwithoutlookingback,wearemorelikelytoreachourgoals.在生活中，如果我们只是勇往直前而不回头，我们更有可能实现我们的目标。backachen.背痛；腰痛haveabackache背痛例句：Itwasdiscoveredthatlongperiodsofhome-workingevencausedbackache.人们发现，长期在家中办公甚至会导致背痛。backgroundn.背景；后台vt.作为……的背景常见搭配：inthebackground在幕后；在背景中culturalbackground文化背景socialbackground社会背景backgroundmusic背景音乐familybackground家庭背景真题例句：Itmaychangeitsbackgroundfromwhitetoblacktoshowhowangryitis.它可能会把背景色从白改为黑来显示它有多生气。backward(s)a.向后的；朝后的ad.向后常见搭配：abackwardarea/region/country落后的地区/国家abackwardflip后空翻backwardmovement反向运动词族：backwardness落后状况真题例句：Shewaswalkingbackwardonthewalkway.她正在人行道上向后走。baconn.咸猪肉；熏猪肉；培根常见搭配：baconandeggs培根煎蛋bringhomethebacon成功谋生真题例句：Apersonwhoeats50gramsofprocessedmeatperday—abouttwopiecesofbacon—increaseshisorherriskofbowelcancerby18percent.一个人如果每天吃50克加工肉（大约两块培根），患肠癌的风险增加18%bada.坏的，劣质的，道德败坏的，严重的ad.很，坏地；邪恶地n.坏人；坏事常见搭配：bebadat…不擅长……bebadfor…对……不利haveabadcold患重感冒notsobad还凑合gobad变坏；变酸feelbad不舒服，感到难过inabadmood心情差真题例句：Iamafraide-booksmightbebadforoureyes.恐怕电子书对我们的眼睛不利。badlyad.严重地；不好地常见搭配：bebadlyneeded急需badlyinjured/hurt受重伤badly-behaved表现差的bebadlyeffected被严重影响thinkbadlyof..把……想得很坏词族：bada.坏的；严重的；差的真题例句：Thoughbadlyhurtandshaken,theoldladylookedupattheboywithloveinhereyes.老太太虽然受了重伤，浑身发抖，但仍然抬起头，用充满慈爱的眼神看着这个男孩badmintonn.羽毛球常见搭配：playbadminton打羽毛球badmintoncourt羽毛球场badmintonracket羽毛球拍真题例句；Thetwinswereallowedtoplaybadmintonontheplayground.bagn.包；袋vt.装袋常见搭配：bagsof…许多…shoppingbag购物袋sleepingbag睡袋inthebag稳操胜券，十拿九稳词族：baggern.装袋工；装袋机真题例句：Momentsago,hegotuptocarrymybagformeandwentintothecoldopenair.片刻前，他站起来替我拿包，走到寒冷的户外。baggagen.行李；负担（因阅历形成的）看法；信仰常见搭配：emotionalbaggage感情负担baggageclaim认领行李；取行李处handbaggage手提行李真题例句：Irememberedhelpingaladywithalotofbaggagethatday.我记得那天帮助了一个拿了很多行李的女士。根据句意或中文提示完成句子1.Itisuniversallyacceptedthatwecanthrowawaythe_______________(感情包袱)wecarryforyearsbyforgiving.2.A____________isamanwhohasneverbeenmarried.3.____________issaltedorsmokedmeatwhichcomesfromthebackorsidesofapig.4.Weuse___________toindicatethatsomethingunpleasant,undesirableorharmful.5.Teachersare______________(急需)inourcountry,butnotmanypeoplewanttobecometeachers.6.Whenwemeetothers,especiallyforeigners,everythingwesayanddoexpressour________________(文化背景).7.Mostpeople,generallyspeaking,arereadytosmile__________whentheyaresmiledat.8.Youhavebeenlearningsohardthistermthatthefinalexammustbe______________(稳操胜券)foryou.9.Peopleinsome_______________(欠发达地区)stilllivealifewithoutelectricity10.Thepairof______________(羽毛球拍)boughtlastSundaywasbrokenyesterday.(keys1emotionalbaggage2bachelor3Bacon4bad5badlyneeded6culturalbackground7back8inthebag9backwardregions10.badmintonracket)List24bakevt.烘焙；烤；常见搭配；bakeacake烘蛋糕bakebread烤面包词族：bakeryn.面包房；面包店bakern.面包师；真题例句：Sometraditionsaresimple,liketheredeggsthatgetbakedintoGreekEasterbreads.有些传统很简单，如希腊复活节面包里烘焙的红鸡蛋。balancen.平衡；天平；结存vt.使平衡；权衡常见搭配：Keepabalance保持平衡=maintainabalanceabalanceddiet平衡饮食in/onbalance总而言之outofbalance不平衡；失去平衡=offbalanceholdthebalance举足轻重inthebalance悬而未决；处于危急状态ecologicalbalance生态平衡balanceout相抵消词族：balanceda.平衡的；和谐的Balancern.平衡器；走钢丝者；秤称的人真题例句：Whathelpsthesquirrelstobalancewhenjumpingfromtreetotree.是什么帮助松鼠在树间跳动时保持平衡？balconyn.阳台；戏院楼厅balln.球；舞会vt.捏成球常见搭配；hittheball击球；顺利成功Passtheball传球Kicktheball踢球真题例句：Hekeptonthrowingandcatchingthreeballswhilehewasswimming,ridingabicycleandrunning.他在游泳、骑自行车、跑步时不停地抛接三个球。balletn.芭蕾舞（曲、剧、团）常见搭配：waterballet花样游泳；水上芭蕾balletdancer芭蕾舞者词族：balletica.似芭蕾舞的balleticallyad.芭蕾舞一般地真题例句：HewasfamousforwritingthemusicfortheballetSwanLakein1876.他因1876年为芭蕾舞剧《天鹅湖》谱曲而闻名balloonn.气球；热气球；球形酒杯（非正式）蠢人；大麻烦v.膨胀；激增搭配：likealeadballoon毫无效果；毫无作用（向铅气球一样飞不起来）weatherballoon气象气球词族：balloonistn.驾驶气球者真题例句：Flyingahotairballoonisfullofchallenges.驾驶热气球是一件充满挑战的事。ballpointn.圆珠笔（ballpointpen）例句：ItissaidthattheballpointpenwasinventedbyBiro.据说圆珠笔是拜罗发明的。bamboon.竹子vt.为……装上篾条a.竹制的搭配：bambooshoot竹笋bamboofence竹篱笆bambooleaves竹叶bambooraft竹筏bamboogrove竹林bamboobasket竹篮bambooflute竹笛真题例句：Peopleconsiderthebambooboxestobetheearliestschoolbags.人们认为竹制盒子是最早的书包banvt.取缔；禁令n.禁令常见搭配：lifttheban解除禁令bansb.fromdoingsth.禁止某人做某事abanonsomething对……的禁令真题例句：AnimalrightsgroupsarecallingforabanonallanimalperformancesinChina.动物权利组织呼吁在中国禁止所有动物表演。bananan.香蕉；喜剧演员常见搭配：bananaskin令人尴尬的事；香蕉皮bananarepublic（中、南美洲的发展中国家）香蕉共和国topbanana主要喜剧演员；主要人物；（引申）最好的演员真题例句：Thebananasgrowtogether,whichseemlike“hands”.香蕉长在一起，像手一样。根据句意和提示完成句子1.Ifyou__________,youspendsometimepreparingandmixingtogetheringredientstomakebread,cakes,piesorotherfoodwhichiscookedintheoven.2.Iwillshowyouhowto______________(击球)andthenyoumustfollowmyexample.3.Agustofwindknockedhim_____________(失去平衡)andhefelldownonhisleftsideinthemud.4.Thegovernmenthaveimposed_____________(一条关于…的禁令)publicadvertisingofcigarettesformanyyears.5.Ingeneral,prisonersare_______________________(禁止了政治权利).6.Theadministrationsaysitwill_____________(解除禁令)onimportsofBritishbeefintwomonths.7.Bestofall,___________(香蕉)providedifferentthingsthatyourbodyneeds.8.____________(总的说来)youdidagoodjobthoughtherewasroomtoimprove.9._________isatypeofveryskilledandartisticdancingwithcarefullyplannedmovements.10.Whatembarrassedmemostwasthatmyjokewentover_______________(没有丝毫作用)—nobodyevencrackedasmile.(keys1bake2hittheball3offbalance4abanon5bannedfrompoliticalrights6.lifttheban7.Bananas8.Onbalance9Ballet10likealeadballoon)List25bandn.带；伙；乐队vt.给……镶边；绑扎搭配：broadband宽带Jazzband爵士乐队rockband摇滚乐队词族：bandagen.绷带；vt.用绷带扎hairbandn.发带bandage…up用绷带包扎起来真题例句：TFBOYS,aboybandthathasthreemiddleschoolstudents,becamethetalkalloverChina.由三个中学生组成的男生组合TFBOYS成了全中国的热门话题bangn.突然巨响；重击；刘海vt.重击；发出巨响ad.怦然地；直接地常见搭配：bigbang宇宙大爆炸Banginto…撞上；偶然遇上=comeacross/runinto/knockintoBangsomethingup弄坏；砰地摔下withabang砰地一声bangon…大声敲击例句；Oh！Whydoesalwaysclosethedoorwithabang?bankn.银行；堤岸;浅滩vt.把……存入银行常见搭配：centralbank中央银行commercialbank商业银行bankloan银行贷款BankofChina中国银行bankaccount银行账户PeoplesBankofChina中国人民银行AgriculturalBankofChina中国农业银行IndustrialandCommercialBankofChina中国工商银行ConstructionBankofChina中国建设银行词族：bankern.银行家；银行从业者Bankingn.银行业；筑堤真题例句：LotsofpeoplechoosetoputmoneyinAlipayratherthaninbanks.许多人选择把钱放在支付宝而不是银行。barn.酒吧；条；棒常见搭配：coffeebar咖啡馆barcode条形码abarof…一条……；一块……barnone没有例外地Internetbar网吧Atthebar在酒吧；受到公开审问behindbars在监狱服刑真题例句：WhenPeterwasinhistwenties,hewouldgotothatbartodrinkwinewithhisgoodfriendsafterwork.在彼得二十多岁时，他下班后会和好友去那家酒吧喝酒barbecuevt.烧烤；烤肉n.烤肉；吃烤肉的野宴常见搭配：haveabarbecue去烧烤真题例句：Therewillbeabarbecueandplentydrinkstogoground.将会有烧烤和大量的饮料barbern.理发师（amancuttingmen’shair）thebarber’s理发店=barbershopbarea.裸露的；光秃秃的；（土地）荒芜的常见搭配：barefoot赤脚bare-footed光着脚的Bareof…缺乏……，几乎没有……词族：barenessn.裸露；赤裸真题例句：Ther