2020年全国大学生英语竞赛C类全真模拟试卷及答案(一)

CC．feelfaintD．serioushurt2020年全国大学生英语竞赛C类全真模拟试卷及答案（一）PartIIVocabularyandStructure(15minutes，30points)SectionAMultipleChoice(20points)Directions：Questions31-50constituteacompletepassage．Thereare20blanksinthepassage．ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA，B，CandD．Choosetheonethatbestcompletesthesentence．ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre．31．SeniorMetropolitanpoliceofficerstriedtodismisstheNotingHillraceriotswhichragedforfivenightsovertheAugustbankholidayin1958astheworkof“ruffians，bothcoloredandwhite”hell-bentonhooliganism，accordingtoofficialfiles．A．recentrevealedB．newlyreleasedC．previousdisclosingD．earlierexposing32．Butpoliceeyewitnessreportsinthesecretpapersthattheywereoverwhelminglytheworkofawhiteworkingclassmobouttogetthe“•”“niggers”．A．containB．convinceC．consistD．confirm33．TheferocityoftheNotingHil“lracialriots”，asthepresscalledthematthetime，shockedBritainintoforthefirsttimethatitwasnotabovethekindofracialconflictthenbeingplayedoutintheAmericandeepsout．hA．realizingB．witnessingC．watchingD．identifying34．Thecarniva，lwhichwillthestreetsofwestLondonmorethan1.5millionpeoplethisweekend，wasstartedin1959asadirectresponsetother．iotsA．crowd；ofB．pour；forC．fil；lwithD．emerge；in35．Whileseniorofficerstriedtoplaydowntheracialaspe，ctsoftheritheinternaMletropolitanpolicefilesreleasedthismonthatthepublicrecordofficeconfirmthatthedisturbanceswereoverwhelminglyby300to400st“roKnegepBritainWhi”temobs，manyofthemTeddyboysarmedwithironb，arbsutcher'sknivesandweightedleath，erbeltswhowent“nigger-hunting”amongtheWestIndianresidentsofNotingHillandNotingD．aleA．eruptedB．commencedC．triggeredD．inaugurated36．ThefirstnightleftfiveblackmenonthepavementsofNotingHill．A．lyingunconsciousB．theredied37．Thebattlesragedoverthebankholidayweekendastheblackrespondedinkindwithcounterattacksbylargegroupsof“menofcolor”similarlyarmed．A．columnB．armyC．brigadeD．community38．ThomasWilliamswasstoppedbythepoliceashecameoutofBluey'sClubonTalbotRoad，NotingHill．Heapieceofirondownhislefttrouserleg，apetrolbombinhisrightpocketandarazorbladeinhisinsidebreastpocket：“Ihavetoprotectmyself，”hetoldthearrestingofficer．A．foundtohaveB．wasfoundtohaveC．foundhavingD．wasfoundhaving39．Thefiles，whichweresealedunderthe75-yearrulebuthavebeenreleasedearly，showthatseniorofficerstriedtoconvincethethenhomesecretary，“Rab”Butler，thattherewasnotaracialelementtotherioting．A．forbiddenB．confidentialC．incredibleD．strict40．Inhisofficialreport，DetectiveSergeantM.WaltersoftheNottingHillpolicesaidthenationalpresshadbeenwrongtoportraythe“widespreadseriesofstreetdisturbances”as“racial”riots：“Whereastherecertainlywassomefeelingbetweenwhiteandcoloredresidentsinthisarea，AA．offendersB．riotersAA．offendersB．riotersitisabundantlyclearmuchofthetroublewascausedbyruffians，bothcoloredandwhite，whoseizedonthisopportunitytoindulgeinhooliganism．”A．illB．sickC．painfulD．hurt41．Butthepolicewitnessstatementsandprivatestatistics．A．tolddifferentlyB．interpretedinadifferentwayC．existedmanydifferencesD．toldadifferentstory42．TheMetcommissionerwastoldthatthe108peoplewhowerechargedwithoffencesrangingfromgrievousbodilyharmtoaffrayandriotandpossessingoffensiveweapons，72werewhiteand36were“colored”．A．forB．fromC．ofD．in43．ItispopularlybelievedthattheriotbeganonthenightofSaturday，August20，whena400-strongcrowdofwhitemen，“Teds”，attackedhousesoccupiedbyWestIndians．A．theyareallB．manyofthemC．somewereD．mostofthembelongto44．AmongthewasMajbrittMorrison，ayoungwhiteSwedishbrideofaJamaican．CC．victimsD．residentsCC．victimsD．residents45．Shewaspeltedwithstones，glassandwood，andinthebackwithanironbarasshetriedtogethome．A．bruisedB．struckC．pattedD．scratched46．Theinternalpolicewitnessstatementsprovidegraphicevidenceofthemotivesofthemobs—atonepointcrowdsseveralthousandstrongroamedthestreetsofNottingHill，homesandattackinganyWestIndiantheycouldfind．A．plungingintoB．breakingintoC．seekingforD．searchingfor47．PCRichardBedfordsaidhehadseenamobof300to400whitepeopleinBramleyRoad：“Wewillkillallblackbastards．Whydon'tyousendthemhome？”A．shoutingB．tocryC．utterD．announced48．PCIanMcQueenonthesamenightsaidhewastold：“Mindyourown，cops．Keepoutofit．Wewillsettletheseniggersourway．We'llmurderthebastards．”A．mattersB．affairC．thingsD．business49．ThedisturbancescontinuednightafternightuntiltheyfinallypeteredoutonSeptember5．AttheOldBaileyJudgeSalmonlaterhandeddownexemplaryoffouryearseachonninewhiteyouthswhohadgone“niggerhunting”．A．decisionsB．statementsC．trialsD．sentences50．Whilethosedealtwithbythecourtswereoverwhelminglywhite，thelargenumberofblackpeoplealsoarrestedandtheofficialtherehadnotbeenaracialmotiveensuredalegacyofblackmistrustoftheMetropolitanpolicethathasneverreallybeeneradicated．A．persistenceB．perseveranceC．insistenceD．instanceSectionBErrorCorrection（10points）Directions：Thefollowingpassagecontains9errors．Ineachcaseonlyonewordisinvolved．YoushouldproofreadthepassageontheAnswerSheetandcorrectitinthefollowingway：EXAMPLEOnenight，quitelate，IwasstillawakeintheroomIamsharedwith1.ammyhusband．Iwaslyingonmyrightsideandcanhearachildcrying．2.couldGettingup,IwentAseeifoursonwasallright．3.toHewassleepingsoundlybreathingdeeplyandgently.4.VTheZipperWhateverdidwedobeforetheinventionofthezipper？In1893theworld'sfirstzipperwasproducedinChicago.Althoughtheinventorclaimedthatitwasareliablefasteningforclothing，thiswasnotthecase.TheChicagozippersprangopenwithoutwarning，orjammedshut，anditswiftlylostpopularity.TwentyyearsagoaSwedish-bornengineercalledSundbacksolvedtheproblem.Heattachedtinycupstothebacksoftheinterlockedteeth，andthismeantthattheteethcouldbeenmeshedmorefirmlyandreliably.Atfirstzippersweremadeofmetal.Theywereheavy，andiftheygotstuckitwasdifficulttofree.Thencamenylonzipperswhichwerelighterandeasiertouse，andhadsmallerteeth.Thefashionindustrylikedthenewzippersfarbetterbecausetheydidn'tdistortthelineofthegarmentorweighingdownlightfabrics．Theywerealsoeasierforthemachiniststofitintothegarment．Meanwhileanewfasteningagentmadeitsappearanceattheendofthetwentycentury:velcro.Velcroisanotherproduct56．madefromnylon．Nylonisaverytoughsyntheticfibrefirstdevelopedinthe1930s，andbearinganametomindthewearer57．ofthetwoplaceswhereitwasdeveloped：NYforNewYorkandLONforLondon．Velcroismadewithverysmallnylonhooksononesideofthefasteningwhichcaughttinyloopedwhiskersonthe58．othersideofthefastening．Itisstronganddurable．Velcroisusedonclothing，luggagesandfootwear．Itisquick59．andeasytofastenandunfasten，andhastakenalargepartofthezipper'sshareofthemarket．Itisalsousedinwaysazippercannotbeused—forinstanceasaneasilychangedfasteningonplastercasts，andtoholdfurnishingfabricsinaposition．60．PartIIISituationalDialogues(5minutes，10points)Directions：Completethefollowingdialoguesbychoosingthebestanswer．ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre．61．Rob：HeyJill，you'relookinggreat．Jill：Thanks，Rob．Rob：Well，youdidit．How？Jill：Ijogeverymorning，andIgotoaerobicseveryotherday．A．Iboughtthisdressyesterday．Reallysmart．B．Youarelookingfinetoo．C．I'mrecoveringmystrengthaftertheflu．D．MyNewYear'sresolutionwastogetinshape．62．Bob：HiJane．Howareyou？Jane：Ididn'tsleepawinklastnight．Thepeoplenextdoorweremakingalotofnoiseagaintillverylateatnight．A．I'mfeelingabitoutofsortsthismorning．B．Fine，thankyou．Andyou？C．Isleptlikealoganddidn'twanttogetoutofbed．D．Itseemsabitunusual，youknow．63．Ann：Aah！He'sgorgeous！Lookatthosebig，goldenpaws．Whendidyougethim？Roger：Yesterday．Ann：Oh，right．Whatkindisshe？Roger：ALabrador．A．Susan'sgotamorebeautifulone．B．What'sup？C．It'sasheactually．D．Isn'titright？64．Tina：Wow，lookatallthethingsonsale．Andrew：Yes，look，thisshirtis50％off．Tina：Andlookattheseshoes．Theyare30％offthenormalprice．A．I'dliketobuyaskirt．B．Therearesomerealbargains．C．Arethepricesreasonable？D．Theseshoesarethesameasmine．65．Woman：Haveyoufinishedthepackaging？Man：Woman：Good．Becausethetruckwillbecomingsoon，thisisarushjob．A．Don'thurrymorI'llbreaktheglass．B．Almost．Ijusthavetowraptheglassandputitintoboxes．C．No，Ihaven't．Whydidn'tyouhelpmewithit？D．Yes，Ihave．WhatelsecanIdoforyou？66．CustomsOfficer：Mrs．Johnson：No，nothingatall．CustomsOfficer：Noperfume，alcoholorcigarettes？Mrs．Johnson：Well，Ihave200cigarettes；that'sall．A．Doyouhaveanythinginthebag，ma'am？B．Doyouhaveanythingtodeclare，ma'am？C．Doyouwanttobuysomething，ma'am？D．IsthereanythingIcandoforyou，ma'am？67．Linda：Hello．I'dliketosendthispackage，please．Clerk：Linda：Firstclass．Howlongwillthattake？Clerk：Aboutthreedays．A．Howwouldyouliketosendit？B．Whichclassareyouin？C．Wheredoyouwanttosenditto？D．Whichclassisitin？68．Assistant：CanIhelpyou？Colin：Yes，it'saboutthissportsshirt．Iwashedittheotherday．Thecolourrananditshrank．Assistant：Ohdear，Isee．Colin：I'mafraidnot．Assistant：I'msorry，butI'mnotallowedtochangeanythingwithoutareceipt．A．Didyoubuyithere？B．Wouldyouwanttochangeit？C．Doyouhavethereceipt？D．Couldyoutellmewhosoldittoyou？69．James：CouldIhavemybill，please？CanIpaybycreditcardoreurocheque？Receptionist：James：I'llpaybycreditcard，then．Receptionist：That'sfine．Ihopeyouenjoyedyourstayhere．A．Here'syourbill．B．Sorry，wedon'ttakecreditcard．C．Youcanpaybyeurocheque．D．Yes，wetakeboth．70．Husband：Whenisouranniversary？Wife：Husband：No，it'sjustthatIboughttheseflowersforyouandIwashopingtodaywastheday．A．Hmm．．．Ican'tremembereither．Why？B．Hey，aretheseflowersforme？C．Whocares？Doyouwanttogivemeasurprise？D．Areyoujoking？Haveyoureallyforgottenagain？PartIVReadingComprehension(25minutes，40points)SectionAMultipleChoice(10points)Directions：Thereisonereadingpassageinthispart．Thepassageisfollowedby5questionsorunfinishedstatements．ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA，B，CandD．YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions71to75arebasedonthefollowingpassage：Takingapeepatwhat'sgoingoninyourheadCARLFiler,18,astarsalesmanataB&QhardwarestoreintheUK,wascalledupforpromotionwithinoneweekofstartingwork.But,insteadofbeingmadesupervisor,hewassacked一afterhisemployerssawtheresultsofhispsychometrictest.Youmightthinkthatanyonewhoanswersthathe"stronglydisagreesheisanover-achieverisaskingfortrouble,butMrFileralreadythoughthehadprovedhimselfmorethancapable.Thisyear,nearlyhalfofUKfirms一46percent一willusepsychometricteststoselecttrainees,comparedwithjust17percentin2000,accordingtoareportforGTI,apublisherofgraduatecareerguides.Thesetests,whichratecandidates'abilityandgaugetheirpersonality,havebeenusedintheUKsincethe1980s.Butassortedstudieshaveshownmostpeople一graduatesinparticular一arewhollycynicalabouttheideaoftheirpersonalitybeing"measured."Peopletendtoseethemaseithertoosillyortooclever,saysCliveFletcher,professorofoccupationalpsychologyatUniversityofLondon."Butalltheevidenceindicatesthetestsdohavesomevalue.Thefirstpersonalitytestasweknowit,wasdevelopedbytheAmericanarmyin1917tofilteroutweakrecruits.Butitwasnotuntilthe1980sthatthetestsbecamepopularinBritain.Witharisingnumberofgraduatesgoingforadecreasingnumberofjobs,organizationsbegantoseepsychometrictestingasacheap,reliablealternativetotheexpensive,time-consuminginterview.Buttodaythetestsarebecomingalarminglysophisticatedandareedgingtowardsprobingthe“darkside:pathologyandpersonalitydisorders.Increasingly,testsarebeingusedtotrytodetectpromisingyounggraduateswhomay,laterinlife,flyofftherails(gocrazy)；ortostoppsychopaths(havingmentaldisorder)gettingrecruited.Inthefuture,intervieweescouldevenbegivenamouthswabtorevealthegeneticandbiologicalmarkersofpersonality.“Weareheadingfortheeraofgeneticscreening,”warnsCarolynJones,oftheInstituteforEmploymentRights.“Ithinkthesetestsareveryflawed.Andthereareotherproblemswiththetests.Forstarters,itispossibletofakeit一eventhetestproducersagreeonthis.Buttheyhavemadeitashardaspossible.Forexample,lookatwhetheryouagreeordisagreewiththefollowingtwostatements:“Newideascomeeasilytomeand“Ifindgeneratingnewconceptsdifficult.Howlongdidittakeyoutorealizetheybothcouldmeanthesamething?Themainargument,however,isthatthetestsareinvalidandcannotquantify(putanumericalvalueon)somethingaschangeableaspersonality.Thegoldenruleisthen，thatapsychometrictestshouldneverbeusedasthesolebasisofselection，butshouldalwaysbefollowedbyinterviews．71．Mostpeople'sattitudetowardsthepsychometrictestis．A．contemptuousB．favorableC．tolerantD．confounded72．Whichofthefollowingisoneofthereasonswhypsychometrictestingwinsanadvantageoverinterviews？A．Itdoesn'tcostanymoney．B．Itrequiresnoequipment．C．Itistime-saving．D．Itcanbedonewithinseconds．73．Whichofthefollowingstatementsistheauthor'sidea？A．Psychometrictestsaredefective．B．Psychometrictestsshouldnotbetheonlywaytorecruitpromisingyounggraduates．C．Psychometrictestsareinvalidandcannotquantifysomethingchangeableaspersonality．D．Psychometrictestsaregoldenrules．74．Thetestproducersmakethetestsverycomplicatedto．A．avoidcheatingB．improvegeneticscreeningC．findoutthebestideasD．generatenewconcepts75．Whichofthefollowingisnottrueaccordingtothepassage？A．TheAmericanarmydevelopedthefirstpersonalitytesttoscreenoutweakrecruits．B．Inthefuture，interviewerscouldgiveamouthswabtorevealinterviewees'symptoms．C．Therearepossibilitiesforstarterstocheatinthepsychometrictests．D．Interviewsstillplayanimportantroleinevaluatinginterviewees．SectionBShortAnswerQuestions(30points)Directions：Inthispartthereare3passageswith15questionsorincompletestatements．Readthepassagescarefully．Thenanswerthequestionsinthefewestpossiblewords(notexceeding10words)．RemembertorewritetheanswersontheAnswerSheet．Questions76to80arebasedonthefollowingpassage：The8StepsofSocialInvention1．Getreadytoplay．Likeothertypesofcreativity，socialinventivenessflourisheswhenyoubeginthinkingoutsideconventionalboundaries．CharlieGirsch，aSt．Paul，Minnesota-basedcreativityconsultant，suggeststhatyoustartbyplayingwithobviouslyabsurdexplanationsforeverydayevents．“Iftrafficisslow，you'llbetemptedtosay，‘Hmm．Mustbeanaccidentupahead．'Instead，trysaying，‘Mustbeafamilyofturtlescrossingthehighway'or‘Iexpectthere'ssomekindofalienabductiongoingon．'You'llbeamazedhowsoonyouwillbelookingatfamiliarproblemsinnewways．”Girsch'sbook，FanningtheCreativeSpirit(CreativityCentral，1999)hasscoresofotherexercisesforlimberinguptheinventivepartofyourbrain．2．Generateazillionfar-fetchedideas．Concernedaboutthehomelessinyourneighborhood？ImagineaHomelessParliament，aHomelessCircus，homelessfamiliesforminganorchestra，ahomelessmuseum．．．andonandon．Generatelikemadwithnoregardforfeasibilityinorder，associalinventionpioneerNicholasAlberyadvises，to“overcomeeworthy-but-dullideas．”Eventuallythetwoorthreebestideaswillbegintostandout．3．Takeyourwildestideaandbringitdowntoearth．HowaboutthatHomelessCircus？Coulditturnintoaforumforhomelesspeopletodisplaytheircreativetalents？Aperformanceseriesabouthomelessness？Aneighborhoodcarnivalwiththehomelessasguestsofhonor？Yourflakiestideamayhaveagermofbrilliancethatactuallymakesitmoreattractive，andthusmorefeasible(andfundable)，thanitsworthy-but-dullcousins．4．Lookforinvenationsthatsolvemorethanoneproblem．TheSlowFoodMovement，borninItaly，boostslocalfarmersandregionalcuisinetraditionsandrestaurateursandthesametimethatit“feeds”ourhungerforauthentictastes，healthyeating，andamoreleisurely，sanerstyleoflife．5．Accentuatethepositive．“AverycommonquestionthatIgetwhenIworkwithpeopleincommunitiesis‘Whydoesn'tanybodycareaboutourproblems？'”notesMchaelPatterson，asocialinventorandactivistinMassachusetts．“Whataworthlessquestion．‘Why'？questionsareforphilosophers．Ask‘How'？and‘What'？questions—theyarealotmorepractical．”Forinstance，Pattersonasks，“Whatwouldyoudoifyouknewyoucouldn'tfail？”6．Giveitarest．Walkawayfromyourfavoriteideaforawhile，forgetaboutit，letitsleep．Withyourconsciousmindoutoftheway，yoursubconsciousgetstofiddlewiththeconceptforawhile，andyoujustmighthaveanunexpectedinsightorbreakthrough．7．Practice“yesand”insteadof“yesbut”．Nomatterhowtemptedyouaretosay“Yes，butthiswillbehardbecause，”or“Yes，butamillionotherpeoplearedoingthis，”shifttheconjunctionto“and”andseewhatsortofpositiverefinementorchangeemerges．“Yes，andwecouldconcentrateonimmigrants．”“Yes，andwecanmakeitopentoallages．”8．Getyourideaintotheworld．Thisisthetoughpart．Youmightseekoutthehelpofactivistswhowilltakeashinetoyourideas．Orbecomeanorganizeryourself．PaulGlove，aNewYorksocialinventor，coun-sels：“Ifyouhaveanideayoubelievein，writeapamphletwithyourphonenumberonitandpostitinLaundromatsandbookstores．Ifthreepeoplecallyou，havelunchwiththemandcallyourselvesanorganization．Iffivepeoplecall，meetwiththemandissueapressrelease．”Presto，you'relaunched．TOC\o"1-5"\h\z76．Togeneratefar-fetchedideashelpsto．77．MichaelPattersonwantsustocomeupwith“How”？and“What”？insteadof“Why”？questionsbecauseheconsiderstheyaremorepracticalthan．78．Thepurposetopractice“yesand”insteadof“yesbut”istomakeyourselfmore．79．Accordingtothearticle，whenonehasdifficultydevelopinghisfavoriteidea，heshould．80．Oneshouldnotonlygeneratefar-fetchedideasbutalsobecausethelatterstepisthenearesttoreality．Questions81to85arebasedonthefollowingpassage：ThinSliceofTVHasBigMarketItistooearlytowriteanobituaryforbulkypicturetubes，whichwillremainthemostaffordableTVsetsforyearstocome．But，analystsandindustryexecutivesinsistthatthinscreensalreadyhavestartedtobecomethedominantformatforTVsetsinthedigitalera．Sharppricecutshavebroughtplasmasetsandotherthin，flattelevisionsoutofhigh-endelectronicboutiquesandintothousandsofmass-marketoutletssuchasCosco，awholesalebuyingclubintheUS，bestknownforofferingmembersbulkitemsandbigdiscounts．TheleastexpensiveplasmasetsstillcostaheftyUS＄3，000ormore，yetsalesaregrowingsorapidlythatmanymanufacturersareracingtoboostproduction．Thatincrease，combinedwithexpandingproductioncapacityandimprovedtechnology，couldpushthepriceofplasmasetsdownbyone-thirdnextyear，accordingtoanalystRichardDohertyofEnvisioneeringGroup，aUSresearchfirm．Butmanufacturersarenotjustcompetingwitheachother；theyarealsotryingtofendoffchallengesfromcompetingthin-screentechnologies，suchasliquidcrystaldisplays（LCD）．ThedemandforthinscreensisfuelledinpartbytheadventofDVDsanddigitalTVbroadcasts，whichoffermoredetailedpicturesandmorelifelikecolorsthanconventionalanalogTVsignals．Toseethedifference，consumersneedasetthatcanpackmoreinformationontothescreenthantheircurrentTVscan．Thissharpnessismostvividonscreensthatare40inchesdiagonalorlarger．Atthatsize，however，traditionaldirectviewandprojectionTVsaresobulkythatmanyconsumershavetroublefindingaplaceforthemathome．Hencetheinterestinthinscreens—modelsslenderandlightenoughtohangonawall．TheglasspanelsattheheartofplasmaandLCDsetscomemainlyfromaboutadozencompanieswithfactoriesinJapan，SouthKoreaand，increasingly，China．About800，000plasmapanelswillbeshippedthisyeararoundtheworld，analystssay．ThatisatinyamountcomparedwiththeoverallmarketforTVs，whichwasabout140millionsetslastyear．But，industryexpertssaid2003wouldbea“breakoutyear”orplasmabecauseshipmentsshoulddouble．Helpingdrivethegrowthareneworexpandedmanufacturingfacilities．Forexample，JapaneseelectronicsgiantNEClastyeardoubledthecapacityofitsJapanesefactory—reaching300，000to400，000plasmapanels．Anditplanstodoubleitagainin2003，officialssaid．Ascompetitionhasheatedupduringthelastfouryears，priceshavefallenmorethan50percent．Accordingto“NPDTecworld”，theaveragepriceofaplasmadisplaysoldintheUSdroppedfromUS＄12，700inJanuary1999toUS＄6，100inOctober2002．ThebestmarketsforplasmascreenshavebeeninAsia，andabouthalfofthesetshavegonetobusinessesinsteadofhomes．LCDTVscarryapremiumprice—theycanbe10timesasexpensiveasacomparabletube-driventelevision—thatknocksthemoutofmostbuyersbudgets．ButLCDpanelsarequicklytakingoverthemarketforcomputermonitors，andthetensofmillionsofpanelsbeingproducedforthatsegmentwillhelppushdownpricesforLCDTVs，analystspredicted．SharpElectronics，forone，isbettingheavilyonLCDs．Itschairman，ToshiakiUrushisako，haspredictedthatSharpwillswitchcompletelyfromconventionaltubesetstoLCDTVsinJapanby2005．Flat-panelreferstowafer-thin(3inchesorless)TVs，whereasflat-screenmayactuallydescribetraditionalcathode-ray-tubesets(CRTs)whoseglassfrontlacksthedistortingcurvethatTVshavehadfor50years．Beawareoftwothings：One，flat-paneltechnologymaynotbehigh-definitionTV；foreventualHDTVreception，someofthesesetswillrequireaseparateHDtuner．Two，someflat-panelTVsarejustthepanelandlackspeakersandsometimesabuilt-intuner．Pricerange：US＄700－2，000LCDvsplasmaIngeneral，LCDtechnologyisusedforsmallerscreensbecauseoftheenormousnumberoftransistorsneededtoturntheglasslikeliquidcrystalsintocolorimages．Thelargerthedisplay，themoretransistors，themorechanceoffailedconnections．AplasmascreenisfoundinTVsetslargerthan20inches．ColoriscomparabletoanLCD's．LCDsdonotdeteriorateovertime，whileaplasmadisplayaverages30，000hours(atraditionalTVscreencangofor20，000)，afterwhichitfadesoveraperiodofyears．Earlierproblemswiththequalityofplasma'scontrasthavebeenaddressed，andcurrentscreensarecleanerandbetterdefined．Pricerange：US＄600－2，800HDTVSimplyput，high-definitionTVis10timesassharpastraditionalTV，andthesoundisdigital，likeCDsound，notFM，whichiswhattraditionalTVprovides．HDtechnologyachievesitsvisualclaritywithmoreimmagelinesonthescreen．WhereanalogTVshave480horizontallines，HDTVhas720or1，080lines．Beaware：manyHDTVsetsbeingsoldnowareinfactonlyHDTVmonitors，offeringacrisppicture．Toreceivegenuinehigh-definitiontelevisionsignals，ownersmustbuyaseparateHDTVreceiver．Pricerange：US＄1，000－6，000LOSANGELESTIMES81．Accordingtothearticle，TVsetswithwillstillbethemostpopularinthecomingyears．82．Thefactorsthatstimulatethethinscreenstobemoreandmorepopularinclude，，and．83．TherapidlyexpandingmarketforLCDpanelsandtheirlarge-scaleproductionwillhelplower．84．WhenawealthycustomerwantstobuyaverylargeTV，heshouldselectandaccordingtothepassage．85．WecaninferfromthepassagethatamongallkindsofTVsetsisofthebestquality．Questions86to90arebasedonthefollowingpassage：DellDoesDominationOvertheyearsI'vespentafairamountoftimehangingoutwithMichaelDell，andwhatInoticedduringmylatestvisitwithhiminAustinishowthingshavechanged．Yes，heisstillunflappable．Andyes，hegreetsmeinhisnewglossyofficeswiththesameStamfordWife-likegrinhehasalwayshad．Butheappearsthinnernow，asifhe'slostbabyfat．Whilehe'sstillslow-moving，asifhe'sconservingenergy，henowcutstothequickinconversation．Andwhenhezeroesinonthepointhewantstomake，whenhereiterateswhyDellComputerisinabetterpositionthananyotherPCmakerintheworld，yourealizethatthe36-year-oldhaslostwhatwasonceoneofhisgreatestadvantages：nooneunderestimateateshimanymore．Instead，MichaelDellloomsoverthePClandscapelikeagiant，castingashadowoverallhisunfortunatecompetitors．Thisisaterribletimeinadifficultbusiness．PCsalesweredownforthefirsttimelastyear．Dell'ssaleswillbedown，too，alsoforthefirsttime．Yetevenwiththat，evenwithrecession，evenwiththethreatofaHewlett-Packard／CompaqGoliath，thisistheonlyPCmakeryoucancountontogrowandgrowandgrow．Almostsingle-handedly，Dellisforcingthisindustrytoconsolidate．Couldthismean“gameover”inthePCbiz？“Gameover？”helooksbackatmeincredulously．“Noway．Weonlyhave14％globalmarketshare．”TheDellitesmaynotadmitto“gameover”aspirations，butclearlytheyarethinkingofakindofdominationneverseenbeforeamongPCmakers．“Wethink40％marketshareispossible，”saysDell'sNo．2，KevinRollins．That'saremarkablegoal；what'smoreremarkableisthatitreallyisattainable．Don'tlookforDelltohitthatkindofnumberanytimesoon．Rather，thecompany'sgrowthwillcomefromgrindingoutgainsonseveralexistingfronts，whileshrewdlyexpandingintonewtargetmarkets．Thereasonissimple：there'snobetterwaytomake，sell，anddeliverPCsthanthewayDelldoesit，andnobodyexecutesthatmodelbetterthanDell．BynowmostbusinesspeoplecanrecitethebasictenetsofDell'sdirect-salesmodel．Dellmachinesaremadetoorderanddelivereddirectlytothecustomer．Thereisnomiddleman．Thecustomergetstheexactmachinehewantscheaperthanhecangetitfromthecompetition．Thecompanygetspaidbythecustomerweeksbeforeitpayssuppliers．Givenallthat，thecompanythatfamouslystartedinAustinoutofaUniversityofTexasdormroomnowdominatesthenorthernsideofthiscitythewaygiantsteelworksoncelordedoveroldmilltowns．Dellhassome24facilitiesinandnearAustinandemploysmorethan18，000localworkers．Delldidover＄30billioninsalesin2000，ranking48thontheFORTUNE500，aheadofnameslikeWaltDisney，andDuPont．Michaelistherichestmanunder40intheworld，worth＄16billion．TwofactsshowhowwelltheDellmodelisworking，evenintoughtimes：Dellisontracktoearnover＄1.7billionin2001，takingalmosteverysingledollarofprofitamongmakersofWindows-basedPCs．AndDellisgainingmarketshare．That'snottrueforanyothermajorPCmaker．Quitethecontrary．TheothersaregoingsplatforthesamereasonthatDellissucceeding：commoditization．ThedesktopPChasbecomeacommodity．That'sgreatforconsumers，whogetstandardized，easy-to-use，cheapPCs．Commoditizationhasbeengoingonintheindustryforyears．Dell，asmasterofthedirectmodel，spentmostofthe1990soperatingintechno-Nirvana．ThePCmarketwasgrowingby15％-plusperyear．ForitsquarterendedJanuary2000，Delldidarecord＄6．8billioninsales，up31％fromthepreviousyear'squarter．Inasignofthingstocome，salesgrowthslowedlaterin2000．Thenthegrowthdisappearedin2001．Theeconomicslowdownwasbadnewsforeveryone，butMichaelDellandKevinRollins，whoisincreasinglyhisequalpartnerinrunningthisbusiness，madesureitwasterriblenewsforDell'scompetitors．Inlate2000theydecidedtoslashprices．“Itwasadvantageousforus，actually，becauseinperiodsofslowdemandcomponentpricesdrop，and，unlikeourcompetition，wecanpassthosesavingsonimmediatelytocustomers，explainsRollins，afineviolinistwhogrewupinahard-chargingUtahfamily—hisfatherwasanengineeringprofessoratBrighamYoung—andcametoDellfromtheBainconsultingfirm．Dellcouldmakemoremoneysellingmorecomputersatlowerpricesthanitcouldsellingfewercomputersathigherprices．Thelowpriceswreakedhavoconcompetitors．Compaq，HP，andGatewayalllostmarketshareforthe12monthsthatendedSept．30，2001，whileDell'sshareoftheU．S．marketclimbed31％．86．wasonceoneofDell'sgreatestadvantages．87．ThepassageattributesthesuccessofDellto．88．WhydidDell'sshareoftheU.S．marketclimb31％in2001whiletheeconomysloweddown？89．Dellhopestoincreaseitsglobalmarketsharebyaccordingtothepassage．90．IfonewantstobuyaDellcomputer，whodoyouthinkheissupposedtopay？PartVWordGuessingandIQTest(5minutes，10points)SectionAWordGuessing(5points)91．Inthewesterncountries，apersonwhoservestheguestsinarestaurantexpectsagratuityinappreciationforgoodservice．A．goodremarkB．letterofthanksC．tipD．promotion92．InGreekmythology，theherousuallyfindshimselfinaterriblepredicamentinwhichhehastofaceafatewhichhasbeenforetoldbytheOracleatDelphi．A．strangephenomenonB．unpleasantsituationC．unusualcircumstanceD．hugemonster93．Afirst-classbusinessestablishmentwillfullyrecompenseitscustomersifthereiseveranydissatisfactionwiththeserviceorproduct．A．compensateB．understandC．informD．award94．Ourfamilywastrulyamatriarchy，becausemygrandmotherhadtoraiseherchildrenandprovideforthemallbyherself；mygrandfatherhaddiedwhenhissonsanddaughterwerequiteyoung．A．familygovernedbywomenB．familywithoutthefatherC．familydependingonthemotherD．familywithmanyyoungchildren95．I'dlovetohelpyoulookforallthosethingsbutI'mabitpushedfortimetoday．Whydon'twesplitupandmeetbackinacoupleofhoursforaquickcuppaandthenIcanhavealookatwhatyou'vebought．A．putitasideB．goseparatelyC．savethetimeD．doitonebyoneSectionBIQTest（5points）96．Whatnumbershouldreplacethequestionmark？

A．10BA．10B．9C．8D．797．Ifsomeonecouldtakeasheetofpaper0．1mmthick，tearitinhalf，putthepiecesontopofeachother，teartheseinhalf，thenrepeattheprocessuntilthepaperhadbeentorn25times，whatwouldbethefinalheightofthepileofpaper？A．Asthickasabook．B．Astallasaman．C．Ashighasahouse．D．Ashighasamountain．98．Ifthepyramid