刑法常用英文术语汇编

PAGEPAGE20刑法常用词汇编accomplice同案犯Anypersonwhotakespartinacrime参与犯罪的每个人例句：Tonywasfoundtobeanaccompliceinthecrime.人们发现托尼是该案的同案犯。adultbusinessdistrict红灯区Aneighborhoodzonedforpornographicbookstoresandmovietheaters，stripteasebars，etc.划定的街区，作为开设色情书店、影院、脱衣舞场等的场所。例句：Policeareconstantlyarrestingpeopleoverintheadultbusinessdistrict.警察常在红灯区拘捕人犯。agricrime农业犯罪Sortforagriculturalcrime.Thetheftofcropsand/orfarmequipment.“agriculturalcrime”的缩写词，偷盗庄稼和/或农场设备的犯罪。例句：Farmersarelosingthousandsofdollarseachyearduetoagricrime.每年农业犯罪给农场主造成了成千上万美元的损失。armedrobbery武装抢劫Theactofusingadeadlyweaponwhenrakingorattemptingtotakepropertyformanotherpersonorparty.夺取或试图夺取他人或他方财物时使用致命武器的犯罪行为。例句：Didyoureadaboutthearmedrobberyinthismorning’spaper？今早的报纸上报道了这次武装抢劫，你读了吗？arrestwarrant逮捕证Adocumentthatordersthearrestofanindividualwhohasbeenaccusedwithacrime.对被指控犯罪的某人实施搜捕的文件。例句：Thecourtissuedanarrestwarrantonthesuspect.法庭对这个嫌疑人发出了逮捕证。arson纵火Thecrimeofintentionallydestroyingpropertybytheuseoffire.故意放火毁坏财产的犯罪。例句：Policethinkthefirethatburneddowntheoldwarehousewasanactofarson.警察怀疑这座仓库的大火是纵火行为所致。assassin暗杀Amurderer.Apersonwhosetsouttokillsomeone，esp.aprominentperson.谋杀者。密谋杀害他人，特别是一位杰出人物的凶手。例句：Policearestilllookingfortheassassinofthepresidentcandidate.警方仍在追查暗杀总统候选人的凶手。assault袭击Theactofattemptingorthreateningtoharmanotherperson.试图伤害或威胁要伤害他人的行为。例句：Mr.Greenwasassaultedwhilehewaswalkingon5thstreet.格林先生在第5大街行走的时候受到袭击。attackdog攻击犬Acaninedogthathasbeentrainedtoattackburglars，etc.一种经过训练的狼犬，用来攻击窃贼等。例句：Theofficer’sattackdoghassavedhislifemanytimes.这位警察的攻击犬多次救了主人的命。back-alleybutcher卑鄙的屠夫Slangforabortionist.俚语，给人施行流产手术的人。例句：Demonstratorspickedanabortionclinicwithsignsthatsaid“back-alley”butcher.示威者将一家流产诊所用标语牌围起来，牌子上写着“卑鄙的屠夫”。bail保释金Moneythatisdepositedwithacourtinordertosecurethereleaseofadefendantwhileawaitingtrial.存放在法庭的一定数量的保证金，以使被告在候审期间获得释放。例句：Frank’swifecamedowntothepolicestationtobailhimout.弗兰克的妻子到警察局将他保释出来。ballistics弹道学Thescienceoffirearmsandthestudyofthemotionofbullets.研究火器及子弹运动的科学。例句：Aballisticsexpertwastakingevidenceatthesceneofthecrime.一位弹道学家正在犯罪现场提取证据。blackmail敲诈，勒索Theactofthreateningtorevealpersonalinformation，esp.sexualscandals，inordertoextractmoney.以揭露隐私特别是性丑闻为威胁手段以谋取钱财的行为。例句：Lindawasinvolvedinablackmailscandalofthemayor.林达涉嫌敲诈市长的丑闻。blackmarket黑市Amarketplacewhereillegalorhard-to-getitemsaresoldorwheremoneyisillegalexchanged.非法或紧俏物资的销售点，或者非法换汇的地方。例句：Gangsarebuyingassaultweaponsontheblackmarket.黑帮总在黑市购买攻击性武器。bloodmoney血腥钱Moneythatispaidasretributionforinjury，lossoflife，vandalism，etc.为他人受伤、丧命、损坏财产而付出的酬金。例句：Themafiapaidbloodmoneytohavethatmankilled.黑手党拿出血腥钱将那人杀了。bodybag装尸袋Aheavy-dutybagthatisusedtocontainacorpse.一种结实的用来装运尸体的袋子。例句：Theofficerwarmedthemantodrophisgunor“endupinabodybag.”警察警告那人放下武器，否则必死无疑。bombsquad爆破小组Ateamofpolicewhoarespecially-trainedtoremoveanddeactivatebombs.经专门训练，从事排除和拆卸炸弹的一支警察队伍。例句：Thebombsquadwascalledintodeactivatethecarbomb.有关部门请来爆破小组拆除这枚汽车炸弹。bootlegging贩卖违禁品Theillegaldistributionofitemssuchasalcohol，drugs，firearms，etc.非法销售物品如酒类、毒品、枪支等。例句：ThreeMexicanswerearrestedforbootleggingfirearmsacrosstheborder.三名墨西哥人因越境贩卖枪支而被捕。break-in非法闯入Aburglar入室盗窃例句：Itlookslikeyouarethevictimofabreak-in.看起来，你是入室盗窃的受害者。bribery行贿受贿Theactofoffering，giving，ortakingbribes.赠送，提供，或接受贿金的行为。例句：Thecongressmanresignedafterhavingbeenfoundguiltyofbribery.这位议员被证实犯有行贿受贿罪后辞职了。bucketshop投机商号（Alsocalled“telephoneboilerroom.”）Anofficethatisusedtopromoteworthlesslandorsecuritiesbymailorthroughtelemarketing.（也被称为“电话交易所”）通过邮件或电话营销来推销荒地或垃圾证券的地点。例句：Crooksacrossthecountryareusingbucketshopstoscamolderpeople.全国各地的骗子都利用投机商号来欺骗老年人。bug窃听Touseelectroniclisteningdevicestolisteninontheconversationsofothers.使用电子收听装置来偷听他人的谈话。例句：Thisofficehasbeenbugged.这间办公室已被窃听。bumrap错捕Anunmeritedarrest不应实施的逮捕。例句：Steveservedsixmonthsjailtimeonabumrap.史迪夫因错捕而受了6个月的监禁。burglary入室盗窃Theactofbreakingintoahome，building，etc.withtheintenttostealfromit.闯入民宅、建筑物等，企图偷盗的行为。例句：Burglariesinourtownhavebeenontheupswing.我们小城里的入室盗窃案一直在上升。carburglars汽车窃贼Thieveswhostealformautomobiles.从汽车里偷东西的贼。例句：Policecaughtthecarburglarsintheact.警方将这些汽车窃贼当场抓获。careercriminal职业罪犯Apersonwhomakesalivingfromcrime.以犯罪为生的人。例句：Johnwasacareercriminaluntilthedayhegotcaughtinthehomeofapoliceman.约翰是位职业罪犯，直到一天他在一个警察家里被抓获。childabuse虐待儿童Thephysicalandverbalmistreatmentofchildren.对儿童进行身体上和言语上的虐待。例句：Themostunnervingthingaboutchildabuseisthenumberofcasesthatgounreported.有关虐待儿童方面最让人不安的事情是大量的此类行为没有报道。chopshop地下拆车厂Ashopwherecriminalstakeapartstolencarsandselltheparts.犯罪分子将所盗汽车拆成零件并销售出去的窝点。例句：Iwatchedanewsprogramthattrackedchopshopsacrossthecountry.我收看了一个追踪全国地下拆车点的电视节目。cocaine可卡因Apowerfulstimulantdrug.一种有强力兴奋作用的毒品。例句：Whatisthestreetvalueofapoundofcocaine？一磅可卡因市值多少？computercleaner消除财务信息的电脑黑客Apersonwho，foraprice，cleancomputerfilesofunfavorablefinancialcreditinformationofothers.将反映他人财物信用赤字的计算机文件抹去以获取报酬的人员。例句：Computercleanerscostcompaniesandfinancialinstitutionsmillionofdollarseveryyear.消除财务信息的电脑黑客每年给公司和金融机构造成百万元计的损失。conartist行骗高手Apersonwhoisskilledatconvincingothersofbelievinginfraudulentschemes.擅于蒙骗并使人进入骗局的人。例句：Bobmakeshislivingasaconartist.鲍勃是位行骗高手，并以行骗为生。congame骗局Anyfraudulentscheme任何骗人的把戏。例句：Mygrandparentsgotburnedinacongame.我的祖父母曾上过骗子的当。convict囚犯Apersonfoundguiltyofafelonyandconfinedinaprison.被判有重罪并羁于狱中的人。例句：Mr.Welchisanex-convict.韦尔奇先生从前是囚犯。counterfeit伪造Toillegallyreproduceacopyofmoney，postagestamps，bonds，etc.非法印造钱币、邮票、证券等。例句：PolicebustedupacounterfeitingracketinMiamilastweek.上周警方捣毁了迈阿密的一个伪造团伙。credit-cardfraud信用卡欺诈Theattempteduseofacredittoobtaingoodsorserviceswiththeintentionofavoidingpayment.企图使用信用卡获取货物或服务，并故意逃避付款。例句：Thatwomaniswantedin5statesforcredit-cardfraud.那位妇女因信用卡欺诈而被5个州通缉。crimeofpassion激情犯罪；冲动犯罪Murderthatresultedformtheinfidelityofalover；Murdercommittedintheheatofrage.由于情人的不忠而导致的谋杀；暴怒驱使的杀人行为。例句：CrimesofpassionseemtobepopularmaterialforTVinfotainmentprograms.冲动杀人似乎是娱乐性新闻节目受欢迎的题材。Crimerate犯罪率Thenumberofreportedcrimesperspecifiednumberofthepopulation.每一定人数中发生的犯罪数量。例句：WhichstatehasthehighestcrimerateintheU.S.？在美国，哪个州的犯罪率最高？criminal犯罪Apersonwhohasviolatedacriminallaw.触犯刑法的人。例句：Weareplacingyoursonincriminaldetention.我们对你儿子实行刑事拘留。daterape约会强奸Arapethatiscommittedbyawoman’sdate.由女性的约会对象实施的强奸。例句：Daterapeisthelastthingthatayounggirlshouldhavetoworryabout.约会强奸是年轻女子最不用害怕的事。deadlyweapon致命武器Anyobject，orinstrumentthatiscapableofbeingusedtokill.任何可以用以杀人致命的物体、器具。例句：Itisagainstthelawtocarryaconcealeddeadlyweapon.秘密携带致命武器是违法的。deathpenalty死刑Punishmentbydeath，thatisimposedinalegalmanner.以合法的形式剥夺罪犯生命的一种惩罚。例句：Threemenhavereceivedthedeathpenaltysofarthisyear.今年已有三个被判死刑。deathrow死囚牢房Acellblockreservedforconvictsawaitingexecution.特别为等待处决的死刑犯设置的牢房。例句：Thisconvictedkillerhasbeenondeathrowfor5years.这位被判决死刑的杀人犯住在死囚牢房已5年了。defendant被告Apersonwhohasbeenchargedwithacrime被指控犯有罪行的人。例句：Thecourtfoundthedefendantguiltyofmurder.法庭判定被告犯有谋杀罪。domesticviolence家庭暴力Violencetowardafamilymember，includingchildabuseorwifebeating.对家庭成员施加的暴力，包括虐待儿童和殴打妻子。例句：Domesticviolenceisoneofthemostdangerouscallsthatalawenforcementofficerhastomake.家庭暴力是执法官最难应付的案件之一。drugabuse吸毒Theexcessiveandcompulsiveuseofdrugstothepointofdamagingone’shealth.强迫性过量使用毒品，以致损害身体。例句：Itwasobvioustoseebylookingattheneedlemarksonherarmsthattheyounggirlwasavictimofdrugabuse.从她臂上针扎的痕迹来看，很明显，这位年轻女子是吸毒的受害者。drugking（czar）毒枭Thepersonwhocontrolstheproduction，transportationandsellingofdruginanarea.控制某一地区的毒品地区生产、运输和销售的头号人物。例句：Aftertwoyearsofusinganundercoveroperation，theFBIfinallyarrestedtheCubandrugking.经过两年的秘密行动，联邦调查局终于逮捕了这位古巴毒枭。drunkdriving酒后驾驶Drivingwhileundertheinfluenceofalcohol.在受酒精影响的状态下开车。例句：Thisisyourseconddrunkdrivingoffensethismonth.这是你本月第二触犯次酒后驾驶的禁令。edpcrimes电脑犯罪Electronicdata-processingcrime；criminaloffensescommittedusingcomputertechnology.在电子数据处理方面的犯罪；利用电脑技术进行的犯罪。例句：TheIRSinvestigatedhundredsofedpcrimeseveryyear.美国国内收入局每年都要调查数以百计的电脑犯罪。embezzlement贪污Theillegalmisappropriationoffundsentrustedtoone’scare.将由自己保管的资金非法据为已有。例句：Wehaveneverhadaproblemwithembezzlementatthisbank.我们这家银行从没发生过贪污案件。first-degreemurder一级谋杀案Premeditatedmurder.事先策划好的谋杀。例句：Themanwaschangedwithfirst-degreemurderinthedeathofhislover’shusband.这位男子其情人的丈夫死亡案中被指控犯有一级谋杀罪。forensicmedicine法医学Theuseofmedicineinsolvinglegalproblems.利用医学解决法律问题。例句：Manycrimescouldnotbesolvedwithoutusingforensicmedicine.没有法医学，很多犯罪案件无法结案。forgery伪造Theactofcreatingadocument，eitherwrittenorprinted，withtheintenttodefraud.Forgeryalsocoverscounterfeiting，orproducingfakesignatures，worksofart，etc.以欺骗为目的而仿制手写或印刷文件的行为。伪造还包括制假钱币、仿冒签名和艺术品等。gamble赌博Tobetorwagermoneyongamesofchance，races，etc.在概率类游戏或比赛中打赌或下注。例句：Burtlost$000gamblinginLasVegasovertheweekend.伯特周末在拉斯维加斯赌博输了000美元。gang黑帮Agroupofpeopleorganizedtoachievesomecommongoal.Gangsareofteninvolvedindrugs，violence，moneylending，prostitution，etc.为达到某种共同目的而组织起来的一群人。黑帮常常涉嫌毒品、暴力、高利贷和卖淫等。例句：GangsoftenhaveautomaticweaponsmorepowerfulthanthepoliceinmanylargeU.S.cities.在美国的许多城市里，黑帮常配备有自动武器，其火力强于警方。hijack劫持Toseizecontrolofanairplane，boat，automobile，etc.强行控制飞机、船只、车辆等。例句：TerroristjusthijackedaplanetoCuba.恐怖分子刚刚动持了一架飞往古巴的飞机。hit-and-run肇事逃逸Anautomobileaccidentinwhichthedriverfailstostopandidentifyhimselforherself.Theterm“hit-and-run”mayalsobeappliedtosuchadriver.指一起汽车事故中，肇事司机不停车，且不亮明自己身份。该词也可以指肇事逃逸司机。例句：Iwasavictimofahit-and-runaccidentonMonday.周一发生了一起肇事逃逸案，我是其中的受害者。hold-up持枪抢劫Theactofrobbingsomeoneatgunpoint.持枪相威胁，抢夺他人财物的行为。例句：Therewasahold-upatthebankoveronndstreet.在第二大街的银行里发生了一起抢劫案。Theactofkillingsomeone.杀死他人的行为。例句：Policeareinvestigatingthehomicideofaprostitute.警方正在调查一起妓女被杀案件。hotwire（汽车）电启动Toelectricallystartavehiclewithoutusinganignitionkey.不用点火钥匙而用电来发动汽车。Seasonedcrookscanhotwireacarinseconds.手段高明的窃贼可在几秒钟内用电启动来发动汽车。impulsecrime冲动犯罪Crimessuchasshoplifting，raping，vandalizing，etc.thataredoneonanimpulse.在冲动之下所犯的罪行，如商店扒窃、强奸、损坏公物等。juveniledelinquency青少年犯罪Criminalbehaviorbyadolescentsandchildren.少年和儿童的犯罪行为。例句：Someparentsaren’tconcernedaboutjuveniledelinquency.一些家长对青少年犯罪漠不关心。laborracketeering工会诈骗Corruptpracticesandorganizedcrimethatinvolveorganizedlabor.涉及工会的腐败行为和团伙犯罪。例句：TheNewYorkunionleaderwasconvictedoflaborracketeering.纽约的工会领袖被判有工会诈骗罪。larceny偷盗Thestealingofanotherperson’sproperty.偷取别人财产的行为。例句：Haveyouoverbeenarrestedforlarceny？你有偷盗被捕的经历吗？libel文字诽谤Writtendefamation.以文字材料来诋毁他人名声的行为。例句：Thefamousactressissuingthetabloidsforlibel.这位知名的女演员正以诽谤罪起诉数家通俗小报。Mafia黑手党AsecretsocietythatoriginatedinItalyinthe860‘s.TheMafianowwidespread，andisfocusedonpowerandprofit.9世纪60年代起源于意大利的秘密团体。现在黑手党势力广为分布，专门从事扩张势力、牟取钱财。例句：The“Godfather”isastoryaboutthepowerfulmafiafamiliesinNewYork.电影《教父》就是有关纽约黑手党的豪门大户的故事。mailfraud邮政诈骗Theusingofthemailsystemtodefraudthepublic.利用邮政系统诈骗公众的行为。例句：Thatmail-ordercompanyhasbeenconvictedofmailfraud.那家邮购公司被判有邮政诈骗罪。manhunt追捕Anorganizedsearchtocatchacriminaloranescapee.有组织的追踪、捉拿囚犯、逃犯。例句：Policehaveorganizedamanhunttocapturetheescapedconvict.警方组织了一次追捕以抓获那名逃犯。massmurderer谋杀多人的凶手Amurdererwhokillsmanypeople.多条命案的谋杀者；连环杀手。例句：Moreandmoremassmurderersarepoppingupinthenewsthesedays.这些天来，新闻里不断报道谋杀多人的凶手。moneylaundering洗钱Theactofconcealingthesourceoffundsforthepurposeoftaxevasionandfraud.为达到逃税和欺骗的目的而隐瞒资金来源的行为。例句：Thisrestaurantisjustafrontformoneylaundering.这家餐馆仅仅是洗钱的掩护所。mule挟带毒品者，贩运私货的人Apersonusedtotransportdrugsorcontrabandfromoneplacetoanother.被用来从一地到另一地运送毒品或违禁品的人。例句：Securityofficialsinairportsarefindinganastoundingnumberofpeoplewhoarebeingusedasmules.机场的安检人员发现数目十分庞大的旅客充当贩运私货的人。organizedcrime集团犯罪AtermusedtodescribeunderworldsocietiessuchastheMafiawhodealincrimessuchasgambling，narcotics，andprostitution.

黑手党之类的黑社会组织所进行的犯罪，如赌博、贩毒、卖淫等活动。例句：Thiscompanyisassociatedwithaneast-coastorganizedsyndicate.这家公司同东海岸的一个犯罪集团有联系。parole假释Aconditionalreleaseofanoffenderfromconfinementbeforetheexpirationofhisorhersentence.Theoffenderisusuallyplacedundertheguidanceofaparoleofficer.

囚犯在服刑期满前有条件地释放出来，但必须置于假释官的督导之下。例句：Thevictim’sfamilyisnervousthattheoffenderisupforparole.受害者家属很紧张，因为罪犯即将获得假释。penitentiary监狱，劳改所Amaximum-securityfacilitydesignedtodetainprisonersservinglongsentences.例句：Leeisservinghissentencedownatthepenitentiary.李正在监狱服刑。perjury伪证Thecrimeofwillinglygivingfalseinformationwhileunderoath.在法庭上立誓之后故意提供虚假证词的犯罪行为。例句：Ifyouliewhileyouareunderoath，youcanbefoundguiltyofperjury.如果立誓之后还撒谎，你可能被判伪证罪。pickpocket扒手Athiefwhoisskilledinstealingitemsfromotherpeople’spockets.擅于从别人口袋里偷取物品的窃贼。例句：IhadmywalletstolenbyapickpocketwhileIwasonthesubway.今天乘地铁时我的钱包让扒手偷了。policebrutality警察暴力Theactofusingexcessivephysicalforcebypoliceorotherlawenforcementofficers.警察或其他执法人员过多使用体罚的行为。例句：TheinfamousRodneyKingbeatinginL.A.showedthepublicathowrampantpolicebrutalityis.发生在洛杉矶的不光彩的罗德尼？金毒打案向公众展示了警察暴行是多少猖狂。policecorruption警察腐败Themisuseofpolicepowerinreturnforfavorsofgain.警察滥用权力以换取好处和利益。例句：Themayorisworkingtoputanendtopolicecorruptioninthiscity.市长正致力于肃清本市的警察腐败。pornoshop色情商店Ashoporbookstorethatsellspornographicmaterials.出售色情物品的商店。例句：Thelocalpornoshophasbeenshutdownformsellingmaterialstominors.当地的色情商店因向未成年人出售色情物品而被关闭。prisonbreak越狱Anescapefromprisoninvolvingviolencebyoneormoreprisoners.一个或多个囚犯使用暴力从监狱逃跑。例句：TwoguardsandtwoinmateswerekilledinaprisonbreakinTexas，yesterday.昨天在得克萨斯州发生一起越狱案，两名卫兵和两名囚犯被杀死。propertycrime财产犯罪Autotheft，burglary，larceny，etc.偷汽车、入室盗窃、偷盗等。例句：Thissectionoftownhasbeenplaguedwithpropertycrimes.这个城区的财产犯罪很猖獗。serialkiller系列命案的杀手，连环杀手Amurderwhocommitsaseriesofkillings，usuallywithdistinctsimilaritiesinthemurders.制造多起命案的凶手，其作案手段通常有明显相似之处。例句：Doesn’titseemsalittleinappropriatetoputserialkillersontradingcards.将系列命案的凶手印在商业卡片上是不是有些不合适？

sintax罪孽税Taxthatisimposedoncigarettes，liquor，gambling，etc.对香烟、精、赌博等开征的税收。例句：ManypeoplecomplainaboutthesintaxinUtah.许多人抱怨犹他州过高的罪孽税。skidrow贫民街，贫民窟Arundownsectionofacitycharacterizedbydrunkardslivingonthestreet.城市的破旧区域，常见到许多酒鬼露宿街头。例句：Afterhisdivorce，Mikebecameadrunkdownonskidrow.离婚之后，迈克尔沦落为贫民街的酒鬼。slushfund贿金Moneythatisusedtobribepublicpoliticiansandotherinfluentialofficials用来贿赂知名政客或其他有影响力的官员的资金。例句：Lobbyistsuseslushfundtobribepublicofficials.院外集团的说客用贿金拉拢政府官员。statutoryrape法定强奸罪Sexualintercoursewithafemalewhohasconsented，butwhoislegallyincapableofconsentbecausesheisunderage.与未成年女子发生的性行为，虽经其本人同意，但法律规定其尚未成年，不具备表达同意意愿的能力。例句：Whatisthepenaltyforstatutory