考研考博-英语-四川电力职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解1

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-四川电力职业技术学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Hecouldeasilyhavewonascholarshipifhewouldhavedevotedmoretimetohisschoolwork.

A

B

C

D

问题1选项

A.could

B.havewon

C.wouldhavedevoted

D.hisschoolwork

【答案】C

【解析】考查虚拟语气。if引导的虚拟语气，对过去情况假设，主句：主语＋would/should/might/couldhave＋动词过去分词，从句：had＋动词过去分词。

试题答案：C;haddevoted

2.翻译题

PutthefollowingtwopassagesintoChinese.

Itissimpleenoughtosaythatsincebookshavefiction,biography,poetry—weshouldseparatethemandtakefromeachwhatitisrightthateachshouldgiveus.Yetfewpeopleaskfrombookswhatbookscangiveus.Mostcommonlywecometobookswithblurredanddividedminds,askingoffictionthatitshallbetrue,ofpoetrythatitshallbefalse,ofbiographythatitshallbeflattering,ofhistorythatitshallenforceourownprejudices.Ifwecouldbanishallsuchpreconceptionwhenweread,thatwouldbeanadmirablebeginning.Donotdictatetoyourauthor,trytobecomehim.Behisfellowworkerandaccomplice.Ifyouhangback,andreserveandcriticizeasfirst,youarepreventingyourselffromgettingthefullestpossiblevaluefromwhatyouread.Buifyouopenyourmindaswidelyaspossible,thensignsandhints,fromthetwistandturnofthefistsentences,willbringyouintothepresenceofhumanbeingunlikeanyother.Steepyourselfinthis,acquaintyourselfwiththis,andsoonyouwillfindthatyourauthorisgivingyou,orattemptingtogiveyou,somethingfarmoredefinite.

Letmecometothepointboldly;whatgovernstheEnglishmanishisinneratmosphere,theweatherinhissoul.Itisnothingspiritualormysterious.When,inhisgardenorbyhisfire，hesprawlsinanaggressivelycomfortablechair;whenheischoosinghisclothesorhisprofession—neverisitaprecisereason,orpurpose,orouterfactthatdetermineshim;itisalwaystheatmosphereofhisinnerman.

【答案】既然书有小说、传记、诗歌之分，我们就应该把它们分类，从中吸收它们应该给予的知识。这说起来很容易。然而很少有人要求书本应该给予的知识。我们总是囫囵吞枣般去看书，要求小说必须真实，要求诗歌必须虚构，要求传记谄媚，要求历史书能加强自己的偏见。如果我们读书之前能抛开这些偏见，将会是一个好的开始。不要去强加你的想法给作者，而是要去理解他，成为他的伙伴。如果你将自己置身事外，并且从一开始就批判他，你就无法从书中获得最大的价值。但是如果你敞开心扉，那么书中精细入微的寓言和暗示便会让你从开头那些晦涩的句子中绕出来，把你带到一个独特的人物面前。把自己沉浸在里面去钻研，你很快会发现，作者正向你阐述的或者是试图向你阐述的东西是一些比原来要明确得多的东西。

让我直接切入正题：支配英国人的是他内心的情调，灵魂深处的气象。它既不是精神上的，也不神秘。在花园中或者壁炉旁，他会伸展四肢躺在一张舒服的椅子上；当挑选衣服或者职业时，并不是有明确的理由、目的，或者外部条件来制约他的决定，仅仅取决于他内在的情调。

3.单选题

Wespentanhour（）withthecrowdsaswedidourshopping.

问题1选项

A.purling

B.cobbling

C.jostling

D.tapping

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项purling“用反针编织；用金银丝绣”；B选项cobbling“修，拙劣地修补；草率地拼凑，粗制滥造；铺鹅卵石，用圆石铺面”；C选项jostling“推搡，推挤；争夺”；D选项tapping“轻敲，打拍子，窃听”。句意：在购物时我们一个小时（）在人群中。jostling“推搡”和thecrowds搭配，符合购物时拥挤的生活场景。因此C选项正确。

4.单选题

Peeringthroughthedarkness,thetravelercould（）lightsinthedistanceandthenhedoubledhispace.

问题1选项

A.perceive

B.discern

C.recognize

D.visualize

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项perceive“理解，认知，感觉”；B选项discern“隐约可见，觉察出，识别”；C选项recognize“认出，识别”；D选项visualize“形象，形象化”。句意：透过黑暗，旅行者可以（）远处有灯光，于是他加快了脚步。这里因为是透过黑暗，所以应该是“隐约可见灯光”，因此B选项符合题意。

5.单选题

Acomprehensivemarketsystemshouldbeestablishedto______theflowoftalent,fundsandmaterials.

问题1选项

A.suffice

B.necessitate

C.facilitate

D.fabricate

【答案】C

【解析】【选项释义】

A.suffice足够；足以B.necessitate使成为必要

C.facilitate促进；促使D.fabricate编造；捏造

【考查点】动词辨析。

【解题思路】按照句意“应该建立一个全面的市场体系来______人才、资金和物资的流动”，根据空格后的单词flow可知，空格处表示“促进”符合句意，故该题选择C项。

【干扰项排除】A、B、D项都不符合句意。

【句意】应该建立一个全面的市场体系来促进人才、资金和物资的流动。

6.单选题

Anyobserverwillagreethatnotallthat[A]surroundsnon-remunerateddonation[B]iscompletelyaltruisticandthatsometimestoomuchuse[C]ismadeinsomecountriesofformsofcompensationofgratificationthat[D]isnotmonetarybutneverthelesshavevalue.

问题1选项

A.surrounds

B.is

C.ismade

D.is

【答案】D

【解析】考查主谓一致。D选项处is的主语是formsofcompensationofgratification，为复数形式，因此谓语动词也要保持一致，应把此处is改为are。

7.单选题

IsittruethattheAmericanintellectualisrejectedandconsideredofnoaccountinhissociety?

问题1选项

A.senseless

B.unimportant

C.indifferent

D.uninteresting

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项senseless“愚蠢的；无知觉的；无意识的”；B选项unimportant“不重要的；琐碎的”；C选项indifferent“不关心的，冷淡的”；D选项uninteresting“无趣味的；乏味的”。句意：美国知识分子在他的社会中被排斥，被认为是……，这是真的吗？根据关键信息theAmericanintellectualisrejected“美国知识分子被排斥”，也即是说美国知识分子在他们的社会中很难享有一席之地，因为他们不受重视。因此B选项符合题意。

8.单选题

Hemadearough（）ofthefirstfloorofthatbuilding,showinguswherehisofficewaslocated.

问题1选项

A.painting

B.illustration

C.drawing

D.sketch

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项painting“绘画，油画”。B选项illustration“插图，例证”。C选项drawing“绘画，绘图”。D选项sketch“略图，素描”。句意：他画了一幅大楼一楼的草图，告诉我们他的办公室在哪里。因此D选项符合题意。

9.单选题

ThewidespreadadoptionoftheInternetandtheWebmakesitpossibletoadministerquestionnairesurveyselectronically,potentiallyachievingmuchgreatercost-effectivenessandpermittingtheintegrationofdatafrommanyresources.Atthesametime,therearesignificanttechnicalchallengesthatmustbemet,especiallyintheareasoflogisticsandsampling.Recognizingtheneedforinnovationinthisandrelatedareas,theNSFMethodology,Measurement,andStatisticsProgram,incollaborationwithaconsortiumoffederalstatisticalagenciesrepresentedbytheInteragencyCouncilofStatisticalPolicyandtheFederalCommitteeonStatisticalMethodology,hasheldaspecialcompetitiononsurveyresearchmethods.Includedamongthetopicareasinthecompetitionannouncementis"secureandeasy-to-usemethodsofcollectingsurveydataviatheWeb".

Today'sleadingsocialscientificsurveysareveryexpensiveinterviewstudiesofnationalsamples.Forexample,theGSSadministersa90-minuteface-to-faceinterviewto1500Americanadultsatacostofabout$500perinterview.However,therespondentsarenotatruerandomsamplebecausecostconsiderationswithrespecttotheinterviewer'stravelrequirethatrespondentsberecruitedinalimitednumberofgeographicclusters,andthereisnolistofresidentsfromwhicharandomsamplecouldbedrawn.Thesmallnumberofgeographicareassurveyedlimitsscientists'abilitytolinkGSSdatatoothergeographicallybaseddatasuchastheU.S.census.BecauseofthehighcostandthemanyresearchcommunitiesthatseektimeintheGSS,itisimpossibletoincludemorethanahandfulofquestiononanyparticulartopic.ThispreventstheGSSfromemployingmuchofthebestmethodologyofmeasurementscaleconstruction,whichrequiresinclusionofalargenumberofitems.SurveysliketheGSSwillbeneededinfuturedecadestochartthechangingsocial,economic,andpoliticalconditionsoftheAmericanpublic.Butmanytypesofsocialsciencewilladvancemorerapidlythroughsurveysadministeredovertheweb.

Web-basedsurveyscanreachverylargenumbersofrespondentsatlowcost.Theywillbegeographicallydispersedsothattheirdatacanbe,linkedtothecensus,tolocaleconomicinformation,andtodatafromotherweb-basedsurveys.Itmightnotbepossibletoholdtheintervieweesinterestforthefull90-minutequestionnaireoftheGSS,butshorterdurationsurveysadministeredtoverylargenumberofrespondentscaninaggregateinclude,farmoreitems,therebypermittingmuchfinermeasurementofscientificallyinterestingvariables.ThehighcostofmajornationalsurveysgenerallyhasrestrictedthetopicstudiedtothosethatespeciallyrequirehighlyrepresentativesamplessuchasfamilystructureandeconomicstatusinthePanelStudyofIncomeDynamicsandvotingbehaviorintheAmericanNationalElectionStudy,datafrombothofwhicharenowfreelyavailableovertheweb.Avastarrayofotherscientificresearchareas,therefore,havelanguishedfrommanyyearswithoutthelarge-scalesurveydatathatwouldpermitknowledgetoprogress.

1.AdministeringsurveysviatheWebwouldresultin（）.

2.Thesecondparagraphismainlyabout（）.

3.Whatmakestraditionalsurveysunscientificaccordingtothesecondparagraph?

4.TheauthorfirmlybelievesthatWeb-basedsurveyswill（）.

5.Itisimpliedinthelastsentencethat（）.

问题1选项

A.thereductionofcostinvolvedindatacollection

B.secureandeasy-to-usemethodsofcollectingdata

C.moreconvincingconclusionsonthematersurveyed

D.allofabove

问题2选项

A.thedifferencesbetweentheWeb-basedandtraditionalsurveys

B.theadvantagesortheWeb-basedsurveys

C.theweaknessofthetraditionalsurveys

D.thecostinvolvedinconductingtraditionalsurveys

问题3选项

A.Thesamplingisnotmadestrictlyrandomly.

B.Theinterviewhastobeconductedface-to-face.

C.Improperquestionsareoftenincludedinasurvey.

D.Selectionofrespondentsisoftenamatterofpersonaldecision.

问题4选项

A.enhancetheeconomicstatusofanation

B.promotetheprogressofsocialsciences

C.changesocial,economicandpoliticalconditionsofthepublic

D.holdtheinterviewees’interestlongerthantraditionalsurveys

问题5选项

A.manyscientificareasstopmakingbreakthroughsforlackofeffectivedatacollection

B.scientific,researchstillmakesprogresswithoutlarge-scalesurveydatacollection

C.theprogressofknowledgedependsonachievementsmadebyallareasofsciencetogether

D.scientific,researchhasmadelittleprogressbeforethewidespreadadoptionoftheinternet

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】1.文章第一段涉及到了A、B、C三个选项，achievingmuchgreatercost-effectiveness对应选项A，permittingtheintegrationofdatafrommanyresources，将许多资源整合到一起，从而使得这些资源的可信度更高，对应选项C，secureandeasy-to-usemethodsofcollectingsurveydataviatheWeb对应选项B。因此，这三个选项都应该包含在内，选项D符合题意。

2.文章第二段主要是以GSS为例子来说明了传统的调查方式的局限性。如，由于昂贵的采访费用，这类调查只能在某些特定的地方进行，并且它所调查的对象也不是随机选取的。所以选项C符合题意。

3.文章第二段提到由于采访所花费的费用不少，所以这类型的调查只能在特定的地区进行。因为取样的随机性不够（therespondentsarenotatruerandomsample），取得的结果肯定也会有影响，选项A符合题意。

4.文章第二段最后一句话butmanytypesofsocialsciencewilladvancemorerapidlythroughsurveysadministeredovertheweb提到通过网站开展调查，许多类型的社会科学将能够更快地发展。选项B符合题意。

5.文章最后一段最后一句avastarrayofotherscientificresearchareas,therefore,havelanguishedfrommanyyears提到许多需要大范围的调查数据的研究领域一直处于低迷的状态。选项A符合题意。

10.单选题

BecauseJenkinsneither_______nordefendseithermanagementorthestrikingworkers,bothsidesadmirehisjournalistic_______.

问题1选项

A.criticizes...acumen

B.attacks...neutrality

C.confronts...aptitude

D.dismisses".flair

【答案】B

【解析】criticizes...acumen批评敏锐;attacks...neutrality攻击中立性;confronts...aptitude遭遇能力;dismisses…flair解散资质。句意：由于Jenkins既不攻击也不为管理层或罢工工人辩护,双方都钦佩他的作为新闻工作者的中立。选项B符合句意。

11.单选题

toacclaimAasX:topraiseApubliclyandenthusiasticallyasX.

ananatomist:amedicalscientistwhocutsopendeadbodiestostudythemtocommissionX:toorderX(tobemadeorobtained)acorpse:adeadbodytodisinter:tounburygynecology:themedicalfielddealingwithwomen’sdiseasesahenchman:asupporterorassistantwillingtouseviolenceorcriminalmeansleukemia:bloodcancerlucrativeprofitableamidwife:apersontrainedtohelpwomengivebirth

obese:veryfatobstetrics:themedicalfieldthatdealswithpregnancyandthedeliveryofbabiespajamas:lightclothesforsleepinginapar:alevelapoorhouse:(historical)apublicshelterinwhichjoblesspoorpeoplewerefedinexchangeforworkapractitioner:someoneworksactivelyin(aprofession)proximity:nearnessaserialkiller:someonewhomurderanumberofpeopleinseparateincidentsSherlockHolmes:themostfamousdetectiveinEnglishliteratureaspree:aperiodofwildactivityunsavoury:dishonest,untrustworthyandprobablyinvolvedincrime

1.WilliamhunterandWilliamSmelliecommissionedaregularsupplyofcorpsessotheycouldstudythephysicaleffectsofpregnancy,arguesrespectedhistorianDonShelton.Thesemenaregiantsofmedicine,pioneersofthecarethatwomenreceiveduringchildbirthandwerethefoundingfathersofobstetrics.ThenamesofWilliamhunterandWilliamSmelliestillinspirerespectamongtoday’sdoctors,morethan250yearsaftertheymadetheircontributionstohealthcare,Suchweretheduo’sreputationsasoutstandingphysicianstheclientelesoftheirprivatepracticesincludedtherichandfamousofmid-18th-centruyLondon.

2.Butweretheyalsoserialkillers?NewresearchpublishedintheJOURNALOFTHERoyalSocietyofMedicine(JRSM)claimsthattheywere.Adetailedhistoricalstudyaccusesthedoctorsofarrangingforthekillingofdozensofwomen,manyinthelaterstagesofpregnancy,todissecttheircorpses.“SmellieandHunterwereresponsibleforaseriesof18th^-century‘burking’murdersofpregnantwomen,withadeathtotalgreaterthanthecombinedmurderscommittedbyBurkeandHareandJacktheRipper”writesShelton.(“Burking”involvedmurderingpeopletoorder,usuallyformedicalresearch;toavoidtroublewiththelaw,itwasimportanttokillthevictimsinsuchawaythattheyseemedtohavediedofnaturalcauses.Theverb“toburke”isderivedfromthenameofWilliamBurke,anIrishmanconvictedinEndinburghin1829ofkillingpeoplesohecouldselltheirbodiesformedicalexperiments.)

3.AccordingtoShelton,HunterandSmelliewerebetweenthemresponsibleforthemurdersof-40pregnantwomenandtheirunbornchildren.Actingseparately,andusinghenchmentodeliver.Theirsupply,theyorganizedakillingspreeinLondonbetween1749and1755and,afteraperiodofinactivityenforcedbymountingsuspicionaboutthesourceofheircorpses,resumedbetween1764and1774.Motivatedbyego,personalrivalryandashareddesiretobenefitfrombeingacclaimedastheforemostchildbirthdoctorsoftheirtime,HunterandSmelliesacrificedlifeafterlifeintheirqueststostudypregnancy’sphysicaleffectsandtodevelopnewtechniques,theauthorsays.“Althoughitsoundsabsolutelyincredible,thecircumstantialliteraryevidencesuggeststheyweremostlikelycompetingwitheachotherinexperimentingwithsecretcaesareansectionsonconscious,orfreshlymurdered,victims,withaviewtoextractingandrevivingthebabies,”SheltontoldtheObserver.”

4.Sheltonexaminedthemen’sanatomicalatlases,containingdetailedimagesof

pregnantwomenwhohadbeenopenedup,andmedicalliteratureandthecausesofdeathinLondonatthetime.Glasgow’sHunterianmuseumandgalleryisnamedafterScottish-bornHunter,whoin1762becamephysiciantoQueenCharlotte,wifeofGeorgeIII,HehelpedhertodeliverthefuturekingGeorgeIV,Smellie,afellowScot,isnolessdistinguished,FromWitchcrafttoWisdom,atextbookonthehistoryofobstetricandgynaecologicalmedicine,hailshimas“thegreatestobstetricianinthehistoryofBritishobstetrics”.Hehasalsobeencalled“thefatherofBritishmidwifery”.

5.Shelton,though,regardstheduoasonaparwithBurkeandHare,whomurdered17citizensofEdinburghin1827and1828,sellingtheirremainstoalocalanatomist,TheLondonofHunterandSmellie’stimewasunhealthyandsemi-anarchic,andearlydeathfromdiseasewaswidespread,aswasgraverobbing.InhisJRSMpaper,Sheltonclaimstoprovethattherivaldoctorscouldnothaveobtainedtheirsupplyofcorpsesbyanyothermeansthanmurder.ItwasrareforMothers-to-betodieorbemurderedsoonbeforetheywereduetogivebirth,saysthehistorian,Peoplefrompoorhouseswhodiedwereusuallyold,unwellorchildren,Thusthegraverobbersofthetimecouldnothavefulfilledtheobstetricians’needforsuchaspecifictypeoffemale,ConcludesShelton.

6.Eachusedanassistanttocommissionkillers,hesays,namingDrColinMackenzieasSmellie’saccompliceandJohnHunter-William’sbrother,whowasacelebratedanatomist—ashishelper.Youngwomenfromthecountrysidewereapparentlyfavouritetargetsinacitywhereplentyofpeople“disappeared”.“Thereisgreatsuspicionabouttheabundanceofundeliveredninth—monthcorpsesprocured,dissectedanddepictedintheanatomicalatlasesofSmellieandHunter,”writesShelton.“Theimpossibilityofsupplyfromrandomresurrections,takenwithacarefulanalysisofevents,andof18dl-centurymedicalliterature,showscompellingevidenceforburking,”By1755rumourswerecirculatingthatthewomeninSmellie’sjournalhadbeenmurdered,andassociatesbeganpressinghimontheirorigins.“AsaresultSmellieandHunterbothhaltedtheirresearch,bothpresumablyfearingtrialandexecution,”althoughHunter—whousedhislinkstopowerfulfamiliestoensurenoinvestigationwaseverundertaken—resumedorderingmurders,aboutonceayear,in1764,Sheltonadds.

7.AnthonyKenny,agynaecologistinLondonfor40yearsuntilhisretirementin2007,said:“Thesetwoguysaremyheroes.Theideathattheycouldhavebeeninvolvedinthemurderofsubjectsisabsolutelystaggering.”KennyisnowthecuratorofthemuseumoftheRoyalCollegeofObstetriciansandGynaecologists.“Theywerethefirstproperobstetriciansinthecountrybecauseoftheirpioneeringworkpracticingwhatwasthenstillanewbranchofmedicine.”WhileKennydescribesShelton’spaperas“extremelyimpressive”initsresearch,hecannotbelievethathisheroeswereguiltyofsuchterriblecrimes.Thetradeincorpseswasverylucrativeandprobablyattractedunsavoury,unscrupulouscharacters,hepointedout.”Anditcouldbethattheydidn’tmakeproperinquiriesastotheoriginsofthebodies,andsomaynothaveknownthatthewomenweremurdered.

8.LudmillaJordanova,aprofessorofmodemhistoryatKing’sCollegeLondonwhospecializesinthehistoryofmedicine,saysShelton’sassertionthatHunterandSmelliecouldnothavecomeacrosssomanydeadpregnantwomenfromanyothersourceas“astrikingclaim,importantresearch...isrevealingthecomplexitiesofanatomicalactivitiesin18th—centuryLondon.Thisisanexcitingandcontroversialareaofhistoricalinvestigation.”WhileSheltonacknowledgesthattheideaofpioneeringmedicalresearchersresortingtoburkingisshocking.HelikestoquoteSherlockHolmes,“Whenyouhaveeliminatedtheimpossible,whateverremains,howeverimprobable,isthetruth.”

1.Accordingtotheinformationinparagraph2,WilliamBurke（

）

2.AccordingtoDonShelton,pregnantwomenin18thcenturyLondon（

）,

3.ThestrongestsupportforShelton’sthesiscomesfrom（

）.

4.Inparagraph6,thewordapparentlymeans（

）.

5.WhatSheltonwritesaboutthepioneeringgynecologistsHunterand

Smellie（

）.

问题1选项

A.wasahenchmanofHunterandSmellie

B.gavehisnametothepracticeofkillingpeoplewithoutleavinganysignsofmurder

C.isbelievedtohavekilledpeopleforhisownmedicalresearch

D.mademoneybykillingpeopletoprovidebodiesformedicalresearch

问题2选项

A.Generallywerenotverylikelytodieinthelastmonthofpregnancy

B.Seldomdiedsoonaftergivingbirth

C.wereaverysmallpartoftheoverallurbanpopulation

D.werequitenumerousinitsmanypoorhouses

问题3选项

A.thetestimonyofcontemporaryeyewitnesses

B.statisticsandprobability

C.policerecordsofthetime

D.literaryreportsoftheabundantviolenceandcrimein18thcenturyLondon

问题4选项

A.itisobviousthat

B.thereisnodoubtthat

C.itappearsthat

D.somepeopleassertthat

问题5选项

A.seemsquitepersuasivetoAnthonyKenny

B.appallsandhorrifiesAnthonyKenny

C.clearsthem,inAnthonyKenny’sopinion,ofanyguiltorblame.

D.SeemscompletelygroundlesstoAnthonyKenny

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】1.细节事实题。第二段对WilliamBurke进行了解释:anIrishmanconvictedinEndinburghin1829ofkillingpeoplesohecouldselltheirbodiesformedicalexperiments(爱尔兰人,1829年在恩丁堡被判杀人罪--出售尸体进行医学实验)。故选D。

2.细节事实题。第五段指出:ItwasrareforMothers-to-betodieorbemurderedsoonbeforetheywereduetogivebirth,saysthehistorian,Peoplefrompoorhouseswhodiedwereusuallyold,unwellorchildren(这位历史学家说，母亲在临产前不久死亡或被谋杀是很罕见的，来自贫民区的人通常都是老人、不舒服或孩子)。故选A。

3.推理判断题。文章多出提到Shelton’s的理论来源。第二段提到JOURNALOFTHERoyalSocietyofMedicine(皇家医学会杂志),后面又提到medicalliterature(医学文献)。故选D:18世纪伦敦大量暴力和犯罪的文学报道。

4.词义题。此处句意为:在一个很多人都“消失”了的城市里，来自农村的年轻妇女显然是最受欢迎的目标。

5.推理判断题。第七段:Theideathattheycouldhavebeeninvolvedinthemurderofsubjectsisabsolutelystaggering(他们可能参与了谋杀目标的说法绝对令人震惊),后面也表达了他们难以置信的态度。故选B。

12.单选题

Fordecades,peoplehadcontinuedtopaydownmortgagesuntiltheirlastcentwasspent.Now,increasingnumbersweregivinguptheirhomesevenastheycontinuedtoserviceotherdebts.FacedwithaplungeinhousepricesacrosstheUS—somethingthathasnothappenedsincetheGreatDepressionofthe1930s—themortgageindustryisalreadydealingwithasurgeinthenumbersofpeopledefaultingontheirpayments.

Theconcernisthatthelossesonriskysubprimemortgagescouldsoonswellfurtheraspeoplewithgoodcredithistorydecideitisnotworthcontinuingtomakepaymentsonhousesworthlessthattheloan.HousepricesintheUSarealready20percentfromthe2006highsandareforecasttokeepfalling.Formany,especiallythosewhohaveputlittleoftheirownmoneyintoahouse,sendingbackthekeyscouldbeperfectlyrational.Thepracticehasgivenanameintheindustry—“jinglemail”—andthereareevencompaniesspecializinginhelpingpeoplewiththedecision.Y,onesuchservice,almostmakesitsoundanalluringprospect,“whatifyoucouldlivepayment-freeforuptoeightmonthsormoreandwalkawaywithoutowingapenny?”thewebsiteasks.

LarryRosenberger,arguablyoneofthemostexperiencedcrunchersofconsumerdebtstatisticsaround,wasmeetingtheconsortiumofmortgagelenderstotalkaboutanalyzingtheirdatafromcluesaboutwhichpeopleinnegativeequitycouldbeexpectedtokeeppayingdowntheirmortgages.Theysaid,“we’regettingkilledwithlosses,canwefigureoutmoreaccuratelywhowilldowhat,sowecanbemoreaccommodatingwithsomeborrowersbutnotwithothers,”Mr.Rosenbergersays.

TheaccuracyofthemodelsusedbythelikesofMr.Rosenbergertoflaggoodandbadcustomerscouldmakeahugedifferencetothelossesthatlenderseventuallyhavetoabsorb—lossesthatwill,inturn,determinetheavailabilityoffreshfundsfornewloans.Hisapproachwastoseekcluestopeople’sfutureactionsintheirpastbehaviors.Forexample,peoplewithchildrenatlocalschoolsmaybelesslikelytowalkawaythanpeoplewithoutschool-agechildren.Peoplewithmortgagesonsecondhomesmaybemorelikelytogiveuptheinvestment.

26.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtoParagraph1?

27.Peoplestoppayinghousemortgagesbecause（）.

28.Theworryingsituationinmortgageindustry（）.

29.WhatdoyouthinkLarryRosenbergerdoes?

30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“flag”meaninParagraph4?

问题1选项

A.Thepatternthatpeoplepaydownmortgageshaschangedrecently.

B.ThelasttimethathousepricesdroppedsorapidlywastheGreatDepression.

C.Peoplestoppayingmortgagesfornotonlyhousesbutalsoeverythingelse.

D.Themortgageindustryisfacingabigchallengebecausepeoplecannolongerpaytheirdebts.

问题2选项

A.theyfindthattheirhousesareworthlessthantheloan

B.theircreditcardsareclosedandtheyhavegonebankruptcy

C.theydonothaveagoodcredithistoryandfailtogettheloan

D.theycanliveinthehousewithoutpayinganything

问题3选项

A.isaccompaniedbyanewmailingservicecalled“jinglemail”

B.isworsenedbythenewbusinesssuchasY

C.iscausedbythosepeoplewhohaveinvestedlittleinhousing

D.canbechangedifpeoplebecomemorerationalandlaw-abiding

问题4选项

A.Hecrunchesconsumerssothattheywillpaytheirdebts.

B.Heprovidesborrower’sfinancialinformationtomortgagelenders.

C.Heanalysesthelenders’datatopredictwhatcustomerswilldo.

D.Heuseshisexperiencetohelpthelendersavoidrisks.

问题5选项

A.asymbol

B.asignal

C.toidentify

D.toattract

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:C

【解析】26.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】事实细节题。根据第一段第2句Now,increasingnumbersweregivinguptheirhomesevenastheycontinuedtoserviceotherdebts（现在，越来越多的人放弃了他们的房子，即使他们继续偿还其他债务）可推断出，C选项“人们不仅停止支付房屋抵押贷款，而且停止支付其他所有抵押贷款”的表述是不正确的，因此C选项符合题意。

27.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】事实细节题。根据第二段第一句中的peoplewithgoodcredithistorydecideitisnotworthcontinuingtomakepaymentsonhousesworthlessthattheloan（拥有良好信用记录的人认为，继续支付价值低于贷款的房屋是不值得的）可知，A选项“他们发现他们的房子的价值低于贷款”正确。

28.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】判断推理题。根据第二段第四句Thepracticehasgivenanameintheindustry—“jinglemail”—andthereareevencompaniesspecializinginhelpingpeoplewiththedecision（这种做法在业内有了一个名字——“叮当邮件”，甚至有专门帮助人们做决定的公司）可以推断出，A选项“伴随着一种名为‘叮当邮件’的新邮件服务”正确。

29.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】判断推理题。根据第三段第一句LarryRosenberger,arguablyoneofthemostexperiencedcrunchersofconsumerdebtstatisticsaround,wasmeetingtheconsortiumofmortgagelenderstotalkaboutanalyzingtheirdatafromcluesaboutwhichpeopleinnegativeequitycouldbeexpectedtokeeppayingdowntheirmortgages（拉里•罗森伯格可以说是消费者债务统计方面经验最丰富的专家之一，他与抵押贷款机构联盟会面，讨论如何根据负资产人群有望继续偿还抵押贷款的线索来分析数据），和第四段第二句Hisapproachwastoseekcluestopeople’sfutureactionsintheirpastbehaviors（他的方法是在人们过去的行为中寻找未来行为的线索）可推断出，C选项正确。

30.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】语义推测题。本处flag意为分辨、区分，因此C选项“识别；确定；辨认”正确。

13.单选题

Itisnotcompatiblewiththeequalitarianidealthatthereshouldbesharpdifferencesinthescaleofmonetaryrewardforservicesperformed.InNewZealand,careoftheunderdoghaslongsincebeenamoreimportantconsiderationthanisthecaseinmanyothercountries.Successivegovernmentsmayclaimwithsomejusticetohaveabolishedpoverty,butthishasnotbeendonewithouttheretakingplaceanarrowingofmarginsbetweentherewardsforskilledandunskilledlabor,withitsconsequentdenialofincentivetoacquireskill,tostriveforself-improvement.Thecountry’scitizenshavecometoregardsocialsecurityastheirinalienableright,butbytakingtooreadilyforgrantedtheState’sobligationtowardsthemselvestheyareapttolosesightoftheconversepropositionthattheythemselveshaveobligationstotheState.

Thereluctancetorewardskilledlaboratratescalculatedtoprovideanincentiveforacquiringskillhasitscounterpartinthereluctancetoremuneratethenations’bestscholarsandscientistsonascalesufficienttokeepafairproportionofthemathome.

Thefactisoftendeploredthatsomanyyoungmenofthehighestabilityprefertotakeupacareeroverseas,butitisdoubtfulwhetherhighersalarieswouldstemtheirexodusinmorethanaminordegree.Underanycircumstances,regardlessofmonetaryreward,theintellectualelitewouldbetemptedtogoabroadinsearchofawiderfieldofendeavorthancanbef