上海市徐汇区2018届高三下学期学习能力诊断(二模)英语试题(无答案)

1、2017学年第二学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷高三英语试卷（满分140（满分140分，考试时间120分钟）2018.4ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversation

2、andthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Worriedandfrightened.C.Quiteembarrassed.A.Billhasneverusedacalculator.C.Billisworkingwithacalculator.A.Tocuthisjeansshort.1.A.Worriedandfrightened.C.Quiteembarrassed.A.Billhasnev

3、erusedacalculator.C.Billisworkingwithacalculator.A.Tocuthisjeansshort.C.Towearfittedclothes.A.Havinganinterview.C.Talkingwithafriend.A.Putherreportonhisdesk.C.Mailherreporttothepublisher.A.Makesomecoffee.C.Continuetoread.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.C.10.A.C.Relaxedandhappy.D.Deeplyashamed.Billcanworkbetterwit

4、houtacalculator.D.Billneedsacalculatorforthiswork.Togoonadiet.D.Tobuyapairofjeans.Fillingoutaform.D.Askingforinformation.B.Readsomepapersherecommended.Improvesomepartsofherpaper.Meetthewomanatthelibrary.D.Gooutwithsomefriends.Themanshouldbuyadifferentmealticketeverymonth.Buyingthemealticketwontsavet

5、hemananymoney.Itisbetterforthemantopayforeachmealseparately.Thepriceofamealmayvaryfrommonthtomonth.Shesupsetthatshemissedthetelevisionprogram.Shedoesntthinkthetelevisionprogramwasfunny.Shedoesntliketalkingabouttelevisionprograms.Shewatchedthetelevisionprogramatafriendshouse.Hedoubtsthewomanswords.He

6、enjoyedreadingthenovelalot.Thetalkshaventstartedyet.Thetalkshaventachievedmuch.B.Hehasntreadthenovelyet.D.Heisnotinterestedinthenovelatall.Theyhavecometoageneralagreement.D.Thetalksbrokedownandwentnofurther.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyouwillb

7、easkedseveralquestionsoneachofthepassagesandtheconversation.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollo

8、wingpassage.A.Theylearnsinginganddancing.Theyworkonthefarmforcharity.A.Theylearnsinginganddancing.Theyworkonthefarmforcharity.A.Onthebeach.B.Inapark.A.Itisrunonaprofit-makingbasis.Fanscanhavefreelunchthere.Theyattendoutdoormusicfestivals.Theyvolunteertoworkforothers.Onafarm.D.Inastadium.Ithasachieve

9、dgrowingsuccess.Onlysuperstarsareinvitedtoperform.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.A.Thenumberofrefugeesisincreasingsharply.B.Mostrefugeescannotgetnecessaryservices.Manyrefugeechildrencannotreceiveeducation.Morechildrencannotaffordtogotouniversity.A.Nohostnationswanttochangeeducatio

10、nsystems.Itisimpossibletofindsomanyextrateachers.C.Parentscantaffordtosendtheirkidstoschool.Therefugeepopulationgrowsbuttheresnotenoughmoney.A.Thenecessityofeducation.Theprohibitionofchildlabor.Thevictimsofarmedconflicts.Thelivingconditionsofthepoor.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversa

11、tion.A.Ithasstartedaweek-longpromotioncampaign.Ithasjustlauncheditsannualanniversarysales.Itoffersregularweekendsalesalltheyearround.D.Itspecializesinthesaleofmenssuits.A.Pricereductionsforitsfrequentcustomers.B.Giftcardsforcustomerswithanypurchases.Freedeliveryofpurchasesforseniorcustomers.Priceadj

12、ustmentswithinsevendaysofpurchase.A.Mailagiftcardtoher.Creditittoheraccount.A.Mailagiftcardtoher.Creditittoheraccount.A.Ithasalreadybeensoldout.C.Itisnotavailableforthemoment.B.Allowhertobuyoncredit.Givehercashdirectly.B.ItwillbesenttothewomanbymailItisoneoftheitemsonsale.II.GrammarandVocabularySect

13、ionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.TravelingFrogStimulatesReflectionAfreemobilegameaboutatravelingfroghas

14、becomeahitinChina,(21)beingavailableonlyinJapanese.Called“Tabikaeru:TravelFrog,themaincharacterofthegameisaftogthatgoesonadventuresaroundJapan.Playerscollectclovers(四叶草)thatgrowinthefrogsgarden(22)theycanusethemtobuysuppliesforthefrogsjourneys.Inturn,thefrogsendsplayerssouvenirsandsnapshotsfromitstr

15、avels.Userscannotcontrolwhenthefrogchoosestogoonitsadventures.Whilenewsofthegamesappealamongmobilephoneusersonthemainlandwasfirstreportedonbylocalmediaoutletslastweek,itspopularityhasntdecreasedinanywaysince:“TravelFrogonMondaywasstillrankedfirstonalistofthemost(23)(download)gamesfromApplesappstorei

16、nChina.Itisbeingwidelydiscussedonsocialmedia,(24)userspostphotosoftheirfrogsadventures.BehindthecrazeisJapanesegamedeveloperHit-Point,whichwaspreviouslybest-knownforcreatingthepopularcat-collectinggame“NekoAtsume.Eventhough(25)isdifficulttopinpointwhathasdriveninterestamongmainlandusersin“TravelFrog

17、,localmediaoutletsreportedthatthegamesslownaturewaspartofitscharm.Thegamewaspopularasit“tappedthetrendamongyoungergenerationsinChinatosearchoutZen-likeactivities,ChinaDailysaid,(26)(add)thatthoseusersweretakenwithits“Buddha-stylegameplay.Butnoteveryoneisthrilledabout“TravelFrog.Inapostonsocialmediap

18、latformWeibolastweek,thestate-runPeoplesDailysuggestedthatpeople(27)aimtoenrichthemselvesand“avoidbeingalonelyfrog-raisingyouth.Asanindicationofthepopularityofthe“TravelFrog,ApplehasalreadyhadtoremovefromitsstoreanappthatappearedtobetheChineseversionoftheoriginal,theSouthChinaMorningPostreported.Tha

19、tversionofthegame,which(28)(create)byadevelopercalledSongYang,chargedusers30yuan($4.74)todownloadthegame.OnMonday,anotherfree-to-downloadappavailableontheappstoreclaimeditofferedstrategiesandguidesinChinesethatplayerscouldadopt(29)(improve)gameplay.WhileHit-Pointhasnotrespondedtoinquiriesabout(30)it

20、intendstodevelopversionsofthegameinotherlanguagesornot,thecompanydidputoutanEnglishupdatefor“NekoAtsumein2015.SectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.alarmingB.propertiesC.revealedD.invasiveE.rescueF.instru

21、mentalG.householdsH.documentI.concernedJ.amateurK.initiativesBeforesciencebecameprofessionalizedinthe19thcentury,_(31)_naturalistswerecollectinginformationandhelpingusunderstandthenaturalworld.A2009studyfoundthatnearly50%ofUK_(32)_feedwildbirds.TheNationalTrusthasmorethan5millionmembers,and60,000act

22、ivevolunteershelpingtoprotectthecountrysideaswellashistoric_(33)_.Now,withourenvironmentarguablyundergreaterthreatthaneverandspeciesdecliningata(n)_(34)_rate,volunteersareonceagainattheforefrontofeffortstolimitthedamage.Volunteersandenthusiastscanbepowerfuldriversforbigchanges.OntheIsleofMan,moretha

23、n8,000people(nearly10%ofthepopulation)areinvolvedinregularweekendbeachcleans.Atonerecentevent,123volunteersturnedupandremoved183bagsoflitterinjustacoupleofhours.Thanksto_(35)_suchasthis,theislandsharesUnescobiospherereservestatuswiththeGalapagos,YellowstoneintheUS,UluruinAustralia,andhundredsofother

24、sites.Recreationaldiversaremakingarealdifferenceunderwatertoo.Theymonitorthespreadof_(36)_species,andrecordhownativespeciesrespond.Diversalso_(37)_levelsofmarinelitterandotherhumanimpacts.Volunteerdivershaveplayedanimportantroleincollectinginformationaboutmarineconservationzones.Volunteershavealsoma

25、deavitalcontributiontotheconservationofbaskingsharks.TheworkofacitizenscienceBaskingSharkProjectinthe1980sand90swas_(38)_ingettingthesesharksontheprotectedspecieslistintheUK,whilesatellitetagging_(39)_thefirstrecordedtransatlanticcrossingbyabaskingshark.Volunteersandenthusiastscanbepowerfuldriversfo

26、rbigchanges.Noonecanknowbetter,orcaremoreabout,ourmostspecialplacesthanthepeoplewholiveinthemandgiveuptheirfreetimetolookafterthem.Asagroupofdiversand_(40)_residentswholivedontheshoresofthebay,theytooktheircampaignontonationalandinternationalstagesandcontinuetoinspirepeoplewhomightotherwisefeelpower

27、lesswhenfacedwiththreatstotheplacesthatmattertothem.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Deliberatepracticereferstoaspecialtypeofpracticethatispurposefulandsystematic

28、._(41)_regularpracticemightincludemindlessrepetitions,deliberatepracticerequiresfocusedattentionandisconductedwiththespecificgoalofimproving_(42)_.Thegreatest_(43)_ofdeliberatepracticeistoremainfocused.Inthebeginning,showingupisthemostimportantthing.Butafterawhilewebegintocarelessly_(44)_smallerrors

29、andmissdailyopportunitiesforimprovement.Thisisbecausethenaturaltendencyofthehumanbrainisto_(45)_repeatedbehaviorsintoautomatichabits._(46)_,whenyoufirstlearnedtotieyourshoesyouhadtothinkcarefullyabouteachstepoftheprocess.Today,aftermanyrepetitions,yourbraincanperformthissequence_(47)_.Themorewerepea

30、tataskthemoremindlessitbecomes.Mindlessactivityisthe_(48)_ofdeliberatepractice.Thedangerofpracticingthesamethingagainandagainisthatprogressbecomes_(49)_.Toooften,wethinkwearegettingbettersimplybecausewearegainingexperience.In_(50)_,wearemerelyreinforcing强)ourcurrenthabits一notimprovingthem.Claimingth

31、atimprovementrequiresattentionandeffortsoundslogicalenough.Butwhatdoesdeliberatepracticeactuallylooklikeintherealworld?Thefirsteffectivefeedbacksystemis_(51)_.Thisholdstrueforthenumberofpagesweread,thenumberofpushupswedo,thenumberofsalescallswemake,andanyothertaskthatisimportanttous.Itisonlythroughm

32、easurementthatwehaveany_(52)_ofwhetherwearegettingbetterorworse.Thesecondeffectivefeedbacksystemiscoaching.Oneconsistentfindingacrossdisciplinesisthatcoachesareoftenessentialfor_(53)_deliberatepractice.Inmanycases,itisnearlyimpossibletobothperformataskandmeasureyourprogressatthesametime.Goodcoachesc

33、antrackyourprogress,findsmallwaystoimprove,andholdyou_(54)_todeliveringyourbestefforteachday.Deliberatepracticeisnotacomfortableactivity.Itrequiressustainedeffortandconcentration,butifyoucanmanagetomaintainyourfocusand_(55)_,thenthepromiseofdeliberatepracticeisquitetempting:togetthemostoutofwhatyouv

34、egot.41.A.SinceB.WhetherC.WhileD.As42.A.awarenessB.performanceC.enjoymentD.intelligence43.A.equivalentB.ambitionC.challengeD.appeal44.A.overlookB.insertC.detectD.implement45.A.transportB.translateC.transplantD.transform46.A.ForexampleB.OnthecontraryC.AsaresultD.Ontheotherhand47.A.carelesslyB.accurat

35、elyC.instantlyD.automatically48.A.outcomeB.enemyC.sourceD.substitute49.A.distractedB.imposedC.assumedD.noted50.A.realityB.despairC.contrastD.return51.A.encouragementB.complimentC.measurementD.management52.A.motivationB.proofC.troubleD.concern53.A.resistingB.eliminatingC.definingD.sustaining54.A.acco

36、untableB.opposedC.addictedD.parallel55.A.existenceB.commitmentC.dignityD.perspectiveSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgivenint

37、hepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Haveyoueverhadtheexperienceoftalkingtosomeoneandyouthinktheyarelying?Well,youarenotalone.Weveallhadthatfeeling.Butdidyouknowthatthereareseveralthingsyoucanlookfortoseeifyouarebeingliedto?Sometimesyoucantellifapersonislyingbyobservingwhattheydowiththeirbody.Whenpeoplearely

38、ingtheytendnottomovetheirarms,handsorlegsveryfarfromtheirbody.Theydontwanttotakeupverymuchspacebecausetheydontwanttobenoticed.Sometimesapersonwhoislyingwillnotlookyouintheeyes.Othertimespeoplewholietrytolookatyouinastrongwaybecausetheywanttoconvinceyoutheyaretellingthetruth.Liarsalsousedeflection.Fo

39、rexample,ifyouaskaliarthequestion“DidyoustealFatimasbag?”,theymayanswerwithsomethinglike“Fatimaismyfriend.WhywouldIdothat?”Inthissituationthepersonistellingthetruth,buttheyarealsonotansweringthequestion.Theyaretryingtodeflectyourattention.Liarsmayalsogivetoomanydetails.Theymaytrytoover-explainthings

40、.Theydothisbecausetheywanttoconvinceyouofwhattheyaresaying.Oftenwhenapersonislying,theydonotwanttocontinuetalkingabouttheirlie.Ifyouthinksomeoneislying,quicklychangethesubject.Ifthepersonislying,theywillappearmorecomfortablebecausetheyarenottalkingabouttheirlieanylonger.Alittlelater,changethesubject

41、backtowhatyouweretalkingaboutbefore.Ifthepersonseemsuncomfortableagain,theymaybelying.Itsveryhardforaliartoavoidfillingsilencecreatedbyyou.Heorshewantsyoutobelievetheliesbeingwoven;silencegivesnofeedbackonwhetherornotyouveboughtthestory.Ifyoureagoodlistener,youllalreadybeavoidinginterruptions,whichi

42、nitselfisagreattechniquetoletthestoryunfold.Justbecauseapersonisshowingthesebehaviors,itdoesnotmeantheyarelying.Theymightbeshyornervous.But,ifyouthinksomeoneislying,youmightwanttousesomeofthesetechniques.Hopefully,youwontneedtoveryoften.56.Bysaying“Liarsalsousedeflection”,thewritermeansthatliarsmayt

43、ellgreatstoriesB.changetoneofvoiceaskaquestioninreplyD.avoiddirectanswersAccordingtothepassage,apersoncouldbelyingifheorshe.offersmoreinformationthannecessaryB.appearstobeshyornervouschangesthesubjectoftheconversationD.speaksveryfastandvaguelyWhichofthefollowingcanbelearnedfromthepassage?Liarsalways

44、trytoavoiddirecteyecontactwhentheytelllies.Wecanmakepeopleliebychangingthesubjectinaconversation.Liarsareoftenexpansiveinhandandarmmovementswhiletalking.Wemakeliarsuncomfortablebygivingnofeedbackinaconversation.Thepassagemainlytalksabout.A.whodeceivesushowtodetectlieswhypeopletelllieswhattodowithlia

45、rsA.whodeceivesushowtodetectlieswhypeopletelllieswhattodowithliars(B)MoreOn:gotogregIsomittingjobsfromaresumelying?Letter1January28,2018|3:31pmIworkforane-commerceWebsite.Ifoneofourmerchandisershasaquestionorwantstomakeacorrection,theye-mailtheentiredepartment.Inmyopinion,thisisrudeandunnecessary.It

46、seemstomethatmasse-mailisappropriateforgoodorneutralnews,ratherthanmakingacorrection.Doyouagree?Moreover,ifyouweretherecipientofthecorrection,howwouldyourespond?Theonlypeoplewhoshouldbeincludedinane-mailarethosewhoneedtoknoworrespond.Includingeveryoneisrudeandunprofessionalaswellasannoyingtorecipien

47、ts.Itsnotlikewedonthaveenoughinourinboxalready.Idontagreethate-mailisonlyforgoodorneutralnews,however.Sometimesyouneedtoalertpeopleorcreatearecordofbadnews.Butnooneshouldusee-mailtoblameotherpeople.Ifyouvegotaproblemwithsomeone,pickupthephoneortakeitoutside(foracoffee,notafistfight.geez).Asforhowtor

48、espond,e-mailisusuallyineffectiveforresolvingconflict.Haveaconversationwiththesenderandexplainwhyhisorherapproachisntthebestandwhatyourecommend.HowtohandlestressatworkHowcanmenandwomenworkbettertogether?Howwillcancertreatmentaffectmysonsresume?WhattodoifyoudranktoomuchatthecompanyholidaypartyLetter2

49、January14,201819:24pmItsthestartofanewyearandIbelieveitstimeforachange.Whatsthebestwaytoexplaintoaprospectiveemployerthatyouareinneedofsomethingnewwithoutseemingflightyandwithoutcomplainingaboutyourcurrentemployer?Thenewyearisasgoodatimeasanytotakestock,butnottheonlyreasonformakingachange.Atleast,th

50、atsnotwhatyoucommunicatetoaprospectiveemployer.Yourreasonforlookingforanewjobislessimportanttoyournewemployerthanwhyyouwanttoworkthere.Needingachangemightbethecatalyst(催化剂),butthejobsearchislikedating,andyouwouldntasksomeoneoutandexplainyourejustboredinyourcurrentrelationship,right?AtleastIhopenot,o

51、therwiseyourelikelytobeaslonelyasBarryManilowsoundswhenhesings“ItsJustAnotherNewYearsEve.Whatisdiscussedinthefirstletter?Howtoaskquestionsinapoliteway.B.Howtorespondtoafalsecharge.Howtomakeacorrectionatwork.D.Howtohandlerudemassemailsatwork.AccordingtoGreg,expressingyourdissatisfactionwithyourpresen

52、tjobinaninterviewwouldbethesameas.talkingaboutyourfamilyissuesinpubliccomplainingaboutyourpriorpartneronafirstdatedemonstratingyourqualificationstoyournewbossbraggingaboutyourexperiencetoyourpartnerItcanbeinferredthat“gotogregmainlyoffersadviceonpeoples.careerchoicesB.socialrelationshipsC.workingpro

53、blemsD.healthproblems（C）EarlierthisyearaseriesofpapersinTheLancetreportedthat85percentofthe$265billionspenteachyearonmedicalresearchiswastedbecausetoooftenabsolutelynothinghappensafterinitialresultsofastudyarepublished.Nofollow-upinvestigationstoreplicate（复制）orexpandonadiscovery.Nooneusesthefindings

54、tobuildnewtechnologies.Theproblemisnotjustwhathappensafterpublicationscientistsoftenhavetroublechoosingtherightquestionsandproperlydesigningstudiestoanswerthem.Toomanystudiestesttoofewsubjectstoarriveatfirmconclusions.Researcherspublishreportsonhundredsoftreatmentsfordiseasesthatworkinanimalmodelsbu

55、tnotinhumans.Drugcompaniesfindthemselvesunabletoreproducepromisingdrugtargetspublishedbythebestacademicinstitutions.Thegrowingrecognitionthatsomethinghasgonewronginthelaboratoryhasledtocallsfor,asonemightguess,moreresearchonresearchattemptstofindrulestoensurethatpeer-reviewedstudiesare,infact,valid.

56、Itwilltakeaconcertedeffortbyscientistsandotherstakeholderstofixthisproblem.Wecandosobyexploringwaystomakescientificinvestigationmorereliableandefficient.Thesemayincludecollaborativeteamscience,studyregistration,strongerstudydesignsandstatisticaltools,andbetterpeerreview,alongwithmakingscientificdata

57、widelyavailablesothatotherscanreplicateexperiments,thereforebuildingtrustintheconclusionsofthosestudies.Reproducingotherscientistsanalysesorreplicatingtheirresultshastooofteninthepastbeenlookeddownonwithakindof“me-tooderision（嘲笑）thatwouldwasteresources一butoftentheymayhelpavoidfalseleadsthatwouldhave

58、beenevenmorewasteful.Perhapsthebiggestobstacletoreplicationistheinaccessibilityofdataandresultsnecessarytoreruntheanalysesthatwentintotheoriginalexperiments.Searchingforsuchinformationcanbeextremelydifficult.Investigatorsdie,moveandchangejobs;computerscrash;onlinelinksmalfunction.Dataaresometimeslos

59、t一even,asoneresearcherclaimedwhenconfrontedaboutspurious（伪造的）results,eatenbytermites（白蚁）.Therehasdefinitelybeensomerecentprogress.Anincreasingnumberofjournals,includingNatureandScience,haveadoptedmeasuressuchaschecklistsforstudydesignandreportingwhileimprovingstatisticalreviewandencouragingaccesstod

60、ata.Severalfundingagencies,meanwhile,haveaskedthatresearchersoutlinetheirplansforsharingdatabeforetheycanreceiveagovernmentgrant.Butitwilltakemuchmoretoachievealastingculturechange.Investigatorsshouldberewardedforperforminggoodscienceratherthanjustgettingstatisticallysignificant(“positive”)butnonrep