能源统计手册

1、能源统计学问手册山西省煤矿节能监测中心 93 局部石油制品的比重和重量体积换算(折合每一吨的量)品种比重升美国加仑英国加仑石油涌汽油0.7413513572978.50煤油0.8112353262727.77燃油0.8711493042537.23渣油0.9510532782326.62重柴油0.921087轻柴油0.871149燃油平均0.9110992902426.91(二)、通用单位各种能源在肯定条件下都可以转化为热。自然时，人们选用了各种能源所含的热量作为统计计量的通用单位，焦耳J、卡calJcal103、106或其它整数倍，能源单位中常用缩写45因数4用于构成十进倍数和分数单位的词头

2、词头名称词头符号1018艾可萨exaE1015拍它petaP1012太拉teraT109吉咖gigaG106兆megaM103千kiloK102百hectoh101十decada10-1分decid10-2厘centic因数词头名称词头符号10-3毫millim10-6微micro10-9纳诺nanon10-12皮可picop10-15飞母托femtof10-18阿托attoa5 常用带词头的能源单位带词头的能源单位能源单位带词头的能源单位Mt百万吨TW10Gt10亿吨kWh千瓦小时MtceMWhGWh千千瓦小时Mtoe百万吨油当量TWh10MW千千瓦mg毫克GW百万千瓦g微克能源单位7(GB

3、2586-91),这项标准规定:“热、功、能能源单位199111别特别领域外，不允许再使用非法定计量单位，因此政府机关、人民团体、军队以及各企业、事业单位的公文、统计报表，从1986单位，我们在能源统计工作中必需认真贯彻国家有关规定。(三)、折算标准煤系数度中规定了各类能源折算标准系数6不出准确的数值，只能承受一些参考数据。能源品种平均低位发热量6能源折算系数表实测或参用折标系数原煤5000(kcal/kg)20908(kJ/kg)0.7143(kgce/kg)洗精煤6300(kcal/kg)26344(kJ/kg)0.9000(kgce/kg)洗中煤2022(kcal/kg)8363(kJ/

4、kg)0.2857(kgce/kg)焦炭6800(kcal/kg)28435(kJ/kg)0.9714(kgce/kg)原油10000(kcal/kg)41816(kJ/kg)1.4286(kgce/kg)汽油煤油10300(kcal/kg)10300(kcal/kg)43070(kJ/kg)43070(kJ/kg)1.4714(kgce/kg)1.4714(kgce/kg)柴油10200(kcal/kg)42652(kJ/kg)1.4571(kgce/kg)重油 气自然气 电力泥炭油10000(kcal/kg)12022(kcal/kg)11000(kcal/kg)9310(kcal/kg)

5、 4300(kcal/kg) 当量值860(kcal/kg) 等价值2828(kcal/kg)按热焓计算2022-3000(kcal/kg)1500-2500(kcal/kg)8000(kcal/kg)41816(kJ/kg)50179(kJ/kg)46055(kJ/kg)38931(kJ/kg)17981(kJ/kg)实测或参用3600(kJ/kg)11838(kJ/kg)8374-12560(kJ/kg)6280-10467(kJ/kg) 33453(kJ/kg)1.4286(kgce/kg)1.7143(kgce/kg)1.5714(kgce/kg)1.3300(kgce/kg)0.61

6、43(kgce/kg)折标系数0.1229(kgce/kg)0.4040(kgce/kg)0.03412(kgce/kg)0.1429(kgce/kg) 0.2857-0.357(kgce/kg) 1.1429(kgce/kg)笨重10000(kcal/kg)41816(kJ/kg)1.4286(kgce/kg) 的发热值。如不具备实测条件，可承受煤矿发货单上的单位重量发热值，或参照煤炭部 1979 年煤炭质量规格及出厂价格中的发热量计算。条件实测，可参照表 7 数值计算。通常，燃气的统计单位取kcal/m3，生物质能取kcal/kg。能源种类气田气 能源种类气田气 煤矿瓦斯 焦炉煤气 焦炭制

7、气 压力气化煤气 水煤气生物质能平均发热量8500(kcal/m3)9300(kcal/m3)3500-4000(kcal/m3)4300(kcal/m3) 3900(kcal/m3) 1250(kcal/m3) 3600(kcal/m3) 4600(kcal/m3) 8500(kcal/m3)2500(kcal/m3)折标系数1.214(kgce/m3)1.329(kgce/m3)0.5-0.571(kgce/m3)0.614(kgce/m3) 0.557(kgce/m3) 0.179(kgce/m3) 0.514(kgce/m3) 0.657(kgce/m3) 1.214(kgce/m3)

8、0.357(kgce/m3)人粪4500(kcal/kg)0.643(kgce/kg)牛粪3300(kcal/kg)0.471(kgce/kg)猪粪3000(kcal/kg)0.429(kgce/kg)羊、驴、马、骡粪3700(kcal/kg)0.529(kgce/kg)鸡粪4500(kcal/kg)0.643(kgce/kg)大豆秆、棉花秆3800(kcal/kg)0.543(kgce/kg)稻秆3000(kcal/kg)0.429(kgce/kg)麦秆3500(kcal/kg)0.500(kgce/kg)玉米秆3700(kcal/kg)0.529(kgce/kg)杂草3300(kcal/k

9、g)0.471(kgce/kg)树叶3500(kcal/kg)0.500(kgce/kg)薪柴4000(kcal/kg)0.571(kgce/kg)沼气5000(kcal/kg)0.714(kgce/m3)23查出热焓值减去给水或回水热焓值，乘以锅炉实际出力蒸汽量或热水量计算出热量。如无条件计8确定压力/MPa t/确定压力/MPa t/0C020300.10.51.01.52.03.04.05.06.07.04050607080901001100.10.50.10.51.084.084.384.8125.126.126.816167.167.168.593209.209.210.371251

10、.251.251.259293.293.293.148335.335.335.037377.377.377.147-419.4419.7-461.6462.01.52.03.04.05.16.17.185.285.786.787.688.689.590.4127.0127.5128.4129.3130.2131.0132.0168.8169.2170.1171.0171.9172.7173.6210.6211.0211.8212.7213.6214.4215.3252.3252.7253.6254.4255.3256.1256.9294.2294.6295.4296.2297.0297.829

11、8.6336.1336.5337.3338.1338.8339.6340.4378.0378.4379.2380.0380.7381.5382.3420.1420.5421.2422.0422.7423.5424.2462.3462.7463.4464.1464.8465.6466.4504.6505.0505.7506.4507.1507.8508.5547.1547.5548.2548.8549.5550.2551.0绝对温度附表2饱和水与饱和蒸汽表(按压力排列)120-130-503.120-130-503.9546.5504.3546.8压液体蒸汽液体蒸汽潜热力液体蒸汽pt hhSS/

12、MPa/0C/m3kg-1/m3kg-1/kJkg-1/kJkg-1/kJkg-1K-1)K-1)0.18827488274301.1184.0.00110.177006331391.2187.0.00110.16399.63434343460.1104.0.00101.42828147690.1109.0.01051.2374321300.1113.0.00101.09163254770.1116.0.00100.977893579750.2120.0.00100.885023608920.3133.0.00100.605054735860.4143.0.00100.462062839420

13、.5151.0.00100.374085928810.6158.0.00110.315084009560.7164.0.00110.272096082740.8170.0.00110.240042150300.9175.0.00110.214036213840.00101.6940.00110.194417.51 2675.72258.21.30277.36081.36097.29961.30277.36081.36097.29961.41097.28401.45507.20321.49447.16381.53017.12861.67176.99301.77646.89661.86046.82

14、151.93086.75981.99186.70742.04576.66182.09416.62122.13826.58472.17866.55152.21606.5210458.42 2690.82232.4475.38 2696.82221.4490.70 2702.12211.4504.70 2706.92202.2561.40 2725.52164.1604.70 2738.52133.8640.10 2748.52108.4670.40 2756.42086.0697.10 2762.92065.8720.90 2768.42047.5742.60 2773.02030.4762.6

15、0 2777.02022.4781.10 2780.42022.309638620096386201.3191.0.00110.151814.702786.01971.32.25096.4927确定压力p/MP确定压力p/MPa比容焓值温度液体t/0C /m3kg-1蒸汽 /m3kg-1液体h/kJkg-1蒸汽h/kJkg-1/kJkg-1熵值液体SK-1)蒸汽SK-1)3.064556.18323.572536.12184.079676.0670060438060438121.4195.0.00110.140004489721.5198.0.00110.131028538651.6201.0

16、.00110.123037586681.7204.0.00110.116030633611.8207.0.00110.110010678311.9209.0.00110.10407972264830.102788.41958.32.28366.4665844.702790.41945.72.31446.4418853.602792.21933.62.34366.4187871.802793.81922.02.37126.3967884.602795.11910.52.39766.3759896.802796.41899.62.42276.3561233.0.00120.066 1008.4 2

17、801.91793.52.8416362242.0.00120.057 1049.8 2801.31751.52.5434502250.0.00120.049 1087.5 2799.41711.92.3352174附表3过热蒸汽焓值(kJkg-1)表确定压力/MPa0.50.60.70.80.91.01.21.41.6t/0C20028542849284428392833282728162803-220289628912887288328782874286528552844230291629122908290429002896288928802870240293729332929292629

18、222918291229042895250295829542950294829442940293529282919260297929752972296929652962295829512943270299929962993299029862984298029742967280302030173014301130083005300229962990290304130383035303230303026302430193013300306230593056305430513048304630413035310308330803078307530723070306630613057320301431

19、013099309630933091308630803075330312531223120311831143112310831023098340314631433141313931363134312931253120350316731643162316031583156315131473142360318831853183318131793177317331693164370320932063204320232003198319431913186380323032283226322432223220321632133209390325132493247324632443242323832343

20、231400327232703268326732653263326032563253压力/MPa确定1.82.02.22.43.03.23.44.04.2t/0C22028332821-23028582848-24028842875-250299129032894 2885-260293429182920 2912-270296029532945 2938 291429062897-280298329772970 2963 294229342927-290300730012994 2988 296829622955-300303030243018 3012 29942986298229622955310305230473042 3036 30193014300829902983320307530703065 3060 30443039303330163016330309530923088 3083 30683063305830423037340311931153110 3006 30923087308330683063350314