外研社小学英语1至6年级知识点

1、16现在进展时表示正在发生的事情或进展的动作，常与 now,listen,look 等词连用，构造是主语+be 动词(am, is,are)+ing.如：It is raining now.外面正在下雨It is six oclock now.6My parents are reading newspapers in the sitting room.我父母正在客厅看报纸Look! The children are having a running race now.看！孩子们正在赛跑问句将 be 动be 动词后+not.一般现在时表示经常反复发生的事情或动作，常与 often, usuall

2、y, sometimes, always, every day(week year) on Sundays等词连用。构造是主语+动词原形；当主语为第三人称单数即 he,she, it, Tom, my mother, the boy 等词时，s es.如：We have an English lesson every day.我们每天都要上英语课Do the boys run faster than the girls? Yes, they do.男孩比女孩跑的快吗？是的do, does dont, doesnt，后面动词肯定要复原。一般过去just now; a moment ago; ag

3、o; yesterday; last( week; month; year; Monday; weekend); this morning 等词连用。构造是主语+be 动词的过去式was; were或主语+动词的过去式。留意：be 动词与动词过去式不行同时使用。如：My earphones were on the ground just now.我的耳机刚刚还在呢。Where were you last week? I was at a camp.你上个星期去哪了？我去野营了What did you do yesterday? I visited a farm你昨天去干嘛了？我去参观农场了。b

4、e be 动词移前，be did，后面动词复原；否认句有 be 动词在后面加 not，没有借助于 didn”t 后面动词复原。一般将来时表示将要打算发生的事情或动作，常与 tomorrow, next week(year; Tuesday), this week( we ekend ;evening; afternoon;)today 等词连用。构造是主语+be(am, is, are) going to + 动原或主语+will +动原。如：What are you going to do tomorrow? I am going to have a picnic.你明天要去干嘛？我要去野餐

5、。The childre are going to have a sports meeting next week.孩子们下个星期将参与运动会。Tom will/is going to see a play with his father this evening.Tom 今晚将和父母去看演出。问句将 be will be 动词或 will 后加 not.情态动词can; cant; should; shouldnt; must; may 后肯定加动词原形。如：The girl cant swim, but she can skate.女孩不会游泳，但是会滑冰Dont talk in clas

6、s, you should listen to the teacher carefully.不要再课上说话，你应当认真听教师讲。祈使句确定祈使句以动词原形开头；否认祈使句以dont 加动词原形开头。如：Open the box for me ,please.请为我翻开盒子。Liu Tao! Please get up earlier tomorrow.刘涛，明天请早点起床！Dont walk on the grass!不要在草地上走！Helen! Dont climb the tree,please.海伦！不要爬树。go的用法go +动词 ing如:go swimming;go fishing

7、;go skating;go camping;go running;go skiing;go rowing比较than 前用比较级；asas 之间用原级。如： My mother is two years younger than my father.我妈比我爸年轻两岁。Liu Tao jumps as far as Ben.刘涛跳得和本一样远。宠爱做某事like +ing like+ to + 动原。如：Su Yang likes growing flowers.苏阳宠爱种花。The children like to play with lanterns at Spring Festival

8、.孩子们宠爱在春节去玩花灯。想要做某事用 would like +to+want + to +动原。例：Id like to visit the History Museum.=I want to visit the History Museumsome用于确定句中，在否认句和问句中改为any,但当表示委婉语气时仍用如：Can I have some writing paper? Would you like some orange juice?代词人称代词主格做主语用一般放在句首或动词前，主格分别是 I you he she it we you they。宾格做宾语用，一般放在动词或介词后如

9、：Open them for me. Let us , join me 等。me you him her it us you them。形容词性物主代词放在名词前，不能单独使用，分别是my your his her its our your theirmine yours his hers its ours yours theirs。介词介词后要么不加动词，加动词只能加动词ing 形式如：be good at running;do well in jumping;时间介词季节前，月份前用介词 in如：in summer；in March具体的哪一天如星期几，几月几日用介词on如：on Satu

10、rday; on the second of April; on Wednesday morning在几点钟前用介词 at如： at a quarter to four;只在上下午晚上用 in如：in the morning/ afternoon/ evening;at night。另：季节，月份和星期前不好加 the.名词复数构成的方法有规章的有：直接在名词后加 sorangeoranges; photophotos;x, s, sh, ch es如：boxboxes; glassglasses; waitresswaitresses; watchwatches;peach-peachesy

11、 y 为 i 加 es如：studystudies；librarylibraries; hobbyhobbies; familyfamilies;以 f, fe 结尾的改 f, fe 为 ves 如：knifeknives; thiefthieves注:以 o 结尾的我们学过的mangoes, mangomangoess,不规章的有：manmen; womanwomen; peoplepeople; childchildren动词第三人称单数的构成直接在动词后加 s如：runruns; dancedancess,sh,ch,o es如：dodoes;gogoes;washwashes;catc

12、hcatchesy y 为 i es如：studystudies; carrycarries;现在分词的构成直接在动词后加 ing如：singsinging; skiskiing;双写词尾加 ing如：swimswimming; jogjogging;runrunning;e e 加 ing如：rideriding; dancedancing; makemaking;规章动词过去式的构成直接在动词后加 ed如：cleancleaned; milkmilked; playplayed;e d如：dancedanced; tastetasted;y y 为 i 加 ed如：studystudied

13、;carrycarried;双写词尾加 ed如：stopstopped; jogjogged;不规章的有：am,iswas; arewere; do,doesdid; have,hashad; gowent; meetmet; sitsat; seesaw; getgot; telltold; runran; comecame; stealstole; readread;形容词副词比较级的构成规章的：直接在形容词或副词后加 er如；smallsmaller; lowlower;e 结尾的加 r如：latelarer; (3er如：bigbigger; thinthinner; fatfatte

14、r;(4) 以辅音字母加 y y i er如：heavyheavier; earlyearlier;不规章的有：good, wellbetterbest); many, much- moremost); far-farther;rainsnow的用法作为名词意思是雨水和雪是不行数名词如：There is a lot of rain there in spring. 那儿的春天有很多雨水。作为动词意思是下雨和下雪，有四种形式分别是： rainsnow；rains ，snows；现在分词 raining； snowing rainedsnowed;如：Look! It is raining now

15、. 瞧！天正在下雨。It often rains in Nantong in summer.南通夏天经常下雨。 It rained yesterday.昨天下了雨。It is going to rain tomorrow. 明天要下雨。(3)rainy snowy 意思是有雨的和有雪的如：It is often rainy here in spring.这儿的春天经常是有雨的。If it is rainy tomorrow, Ill stay at home.假设明天是有雨的，我将呆在家里。比较级留意只有同类事物才可进展比较。如： My eyes are bigger than hers.Yo

16、ur school bag is heavier than mine.My computer is nicer than Nancys.My brother is stronger than me.have, has表示某人有(has 用于第三人称单数)；There is/ are;There was/ were 表示某地存在有There be 句型的就近原则there is /was;there are/ were.本身就是复数的词眼镜 glasses; earphones; 鞋 shoes;trousers 等词本身是复数。如：My glasses were on the chair ju

17、st now.但假设表示这双，这副，一双的时候用单数如There is a pair of chopsticks on the plate. This pair of earphones is for you.Aa, Ee, Ii, Oo, Uu;一个的用法a 用于辅音前不是辅音字母前；an 用于元音前不是元音字母前。如：There is an s, a t, a u, a d ,an e, an n,and a t in the word student.时间表示法有两种：1直接读时钟和分钟。如： 6:10读成 six ten;7:30读成seven thirty;8:45读成eight f

18、orty-five;(2to past 表示。在半小时包括半小时以内用几分 past 几点如： 6：10读成ten past six;7:30读成half past seven;过了半小时用下一个钟点差几分如： 7：45读成a quarter to eight;9:50读成ten to ten;基数词变序数词的方法th; t、d(即 first, second, third);teve f 替eigheighth; nineninth; five- fifth ;twelvetwelfth；ty y ie th twentytwentieth；fortyfortieth);几十几十位为基个位为

19、序如其次十一为twenty-first。另外强调序数词前肯定要加 the。日期的表示法the+序数词+ of +月如:三月三日 the third of March;1225 日 the 25th of December.both 表示两者都如：My parents are both teachers.all 表示三者以上都如：The students are all very excited.节日的表示法day on.没有 day at,如： at Christmas;on Christmas Day;at New Year;on New Years Day.感动兴奋的excited 表示感

20、动的，兴奋地主语是人；exciting 表示令人感动的，令人兴奋的主语是事情如：The running race is very exciting,so all the students are very excited.赛跑格外令人感动，因此全部的学生都很感动。比较两者比较用比较级，三者以上比较用最高级如：Who runs faster, the boy or the girl? The boy does谁跑得更快，男孩还是女孩？男孩。Which season do you like best? I like autumn best.你最宠爱哪个季节？我最宠爱秋天。Which season do you like better, summer or winter