Unit 1 句子成分和基本句子结构讲义-牛津译林版高中英语必修第一册

1、句子成分和基本句子结构句子成分句子的主要成分有主语（S）,谓语（V）,宾语（。），表语（P）,定语（Attr）,状语（A）, 补语（C）等。.主语：指句子所谈论的主体Learning English well isnt as hard as you think.谓语：说明主语所做的主要动作或主语的特征和状态（由动词来表示）The students are playing footbalI on the playground.补充：哪些词作谓语？a)Be 动词(am, is, are)b) 感官动词(taste, look, sound, smell, feel,)r （1）系动词/ C）动词分

2、类d） （2）情态动词& e）r （1）系动词/ C）动词分类d） （2）情态动词& e）表示变化的词(keep, stay, turn, get)其它：seem, make1, have to 等)(3) 实义动词 (run, invite, help, design, row, raise, grow 等)3.宾语：指（IO）,表示物的宾语称为直接宾语（DO）。He is going to buy some bread.Could you lend me your bike?补充：宾语跟在实义动词之后或者介词之后。He always goes to school with me.表语：连系

3、动词后面的成分称为表语。I feel much better.定语：修饰名词或代词The woman who is talking with a foreignei is our sales manager.Jingjiang is a beautiful city.状语：修饰动词，形容词，副词或整个句子。He sat there quietly.He practices spoken English every mocninq.补语：补充说明主语或宾语的特征或状况，分为主语补语和宾语补语。He asked me to come back sooo.基本句子结构英语的句子结构可归纳为八个基本句

4、式句子结构例句主语+谓语 (S+V)The boy is running.主语+谓语+宾语 (S+V+0)He bought a dictionary.主语+连系动词+表语Amy looks unhappy.主谓语间接宾语直 接宾语Timmy gave me a present.主语谓语宾语宾语 补语He gets everything ready.主语谓语状语The students are on the playground.主语谓语宾语状语He put the bottles on the table.存现句There are many people in the street.课后练习判断以下句子的基本结构The bread tastes delicious.I will spend the summer holiday in the countryside.The baby cried.He got up very late.There is some milk in the bottle.We finished our homework.I could not make him change his mind.He bought me a birthday present.课后练习参考答案.主语