高中英语阅读理解（科技类）(共12页)

1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上阅读理解（科技类） Passage OneThe computer is a useful machine. It is the most important invention in many years. The oldest kind of computer is the abacus(算盘), used in China centuries ago, but the first large, modern computer was built in 1946. A computer then could do maths problems quite fast

2、.Today computers are used in many ways and can do many kinds of work. In a few years the computer may touch the life of everyone, even people in faraway villages.In the last few years, there have been great changes in computers. They are getting smaller and smaller, and computing faster and faster,

3、Many scientists agree that computers can now do many things, but they cannot do everything. Who knows what the computers of tomorrow will be like? Will computers bring good things or bad things to people? The scientists of today will have to decide how to use the computers of tomorrow. 1. The comput

4、er is a _ machine. A. helpfulB. strangeC. large D. dangerous 2. The first large, modern computer was built about _ years ago. A. a few B. forty C. sixty D. eighty 3. The computers of today are _ than before. A. biggerB. fewer C. smallerD. taller 4. Computers can do _. A. everythingB. anythingC. noth

5、ingD. lots of things 5. The scientists of today _ how to use the computers of tomorrow. A. may decideB. must decideC. can makeD. neednt make Passage TwoWarm water freezes more quickly than cold water. Sir Francis Bacon said that almost four hundred years ago. But few people believed him until 1970.

6、In that year a Canadian scientist George Kill proved the English professor was right. Dr Kill filled an open oil pail(桶) with cold water. He filled another with warm water. He put both in the same low temperature. The warm water froze first. The lack of covers on the pails is the secret. Some of the

7、 warm water changed into vapor. This meant that less of the warm water was left to be frozen. And so the warm water froze faster than the cold water even though it had a greater temperature drop to make. 1. Hundreds of years ago, Sir Francis Bacon found _. A. the temperature of warm water drops fast

8、er than that of cold waterB. warm water is heavier than cold waterC. warm water has the same temperature as cold waterD. warm water is not as useful as cold water 2. What Sir Francis Bacon said was right, but people didnt believe him until _. A. late in the 20th centuryB. early in the 20th centuryC.

9、 three years ago D. late in the 19th century 3. Leave a pail with warm water and another pail with cold water in the same low temperature, youll find that _. A. cold water freezes firstB. warm water turns into ice before cold waterC. warm water and cold water freeze at the same timeD. much of cold w

10、ater is changed into air. 4. Why does warm water freeze first in the same freezing weather? A. Because some of the warm water turns to vapor, the amount(数量) becomes less than that of cold water.B. Because warm water is lighter than cold water.C. Because the temperature of warm water is lower than th

11、at of cold water.D. Because cold water freezes with more difficulty than warm water.Passage ThreeIf you do not use your arm or your legs for some time, they become weak; when you start using them again, they slowly become strong again. Everybody knows that. Yet many people do not seem to know that m

12、emory works in the same way. When someone says that he has a good memory, he really means that he keeps his memory in practice by using it. When someone else says that his memory is poor, he really means that he does not give it enough chance to become strong. If a friend says that his arms and legs

13、 are weak, we know that it is his own fault(过错). But if he tells us that he has a poor memory, many of us think that his parents are to blame(受责备), and few of us know that it is just his own fault. Have you ever found that some people cant read or write but usually they have better memories? This is

14、 because they cannot read or write and they have to remember things; they cannot write down in a little notebook. They have to remember days, names, songs and stories; so their memory is the whole time being exercised. So if you want to have a good memory, learn from the people: Practice remembering

15、. 1. The main reason for one is poor memory is that _. A. his father or mother may have a poor memoryB. He does not use his name or legs for some timeC. his memory is not often usedD. he cant read or write 2. If you do not use your arms or legs for some time _. A. you cant use them any moreB. they w

16、ill become strongerC. they become weak and wont become strong until you use them again.D. they will become neither stronger nor weaker 3. Which of the following is NOT true? A. Your memory works in the same way as your arms or legs. B. Your memory, like your arms or legs, becomes weak if you dont gi

17、ve it enough chance for practice. C. Dont learn how to read and write if you want to have a better memory. D. A good memory comes from more practice. 4. Some people cant read or write, but they usually have better memories, because _. A. they have save much troubleB. they have saved much time to rem

18、ember thingsC. they have to use their memories all the timeD. they cant write everything in a little notebook 5. Which is the best title for this passage? A. Dont Stop Using Your Arms Or LegsB. How To Have a Good MemoryC. Strong Arms And Good MemoriesD. Learn From the PeoplePassage FourWhen Johnson

19、called again, the manager received him very politely. “That is a most remarkable oil you brought us, Mr Johnson,” he said. Johnson nodded his smooth, dark head. That was something he knew very well. “Ive never seen anything like it,” the manager admitted. Johnson nodded again. “No?” he said politely

20、. Then he added, “But I think you will, sir. A very great deal of it.” He appeared to think for a moment. “I think you will find it will be on sale seven, perhaps, eight years from now.” He smiled. The manager thought that was uncertain. He said, “It is better than our fish oils. I admit that.” “So

21、I am told, sir,” agreed Johnson. “Have you any plans to produce it yourself, Mr Johnson?” “Would I be showing it to you if I had?” Johnson smiled again.“We might add some chemicals to one of our own fish oils,” said the manager. “It would be expensive to do that, even if you could,” Johnson said gen

22、tly. “Besides,” he added, “I am told that this oil will be much cheaper than your best fish oils. Cheaper than any vegetable oil, in fact.” “Perhaps,” said the manage. “Well, I suppose you want to make an arrangement, Mr Johnson. Shall we discuss it?” “Of course,” said Johnson. “There are two ways o

23、f dealing with a situation of this sort. The usual one is to prevent it altogether or at least to delay it as long as possible. That is, of course, the best way.” The manager nodded. He knew plenty about all that. “But I am so sorry for you, because, you see, that is not possible this time.” The man

24、ager had his doubts, but all he said was an inquiring(asking), “Oh?” “The other way,” continued Johnson, “is to produce yourself before the trouble starts.” 1. The manager thought of adding chemicals to the fish oil to make it _. A. cheaper than the new oil B. more quickly C. more expensive D. as go

25、od as the new oil 2. Johnsons new oil would be _. A. more expensive than fish oil, but better B. less expensive, and better C. less expensive, but not good D. more expensive, and not so good 3. Johnson expressed his regret that the manager _. A. could not stop the new oil being made B. would never k

26、now how to make it C. had spent a lot of money on it D. didnt know enough about it 4. Johnson showed his new oil to the manager because he wanted _. A. to produce it himself B. to prevent it being produced C. to be paid not to produce it D. the manager to produce itPassage FiveCan you remember the f

27、irst time you learned to ride a bike or drive a car? Learning these skills changed your life forever and opened up new horizons. Learning about computers can be like learning how to ride a bike or drive a car. Once you have invested the time to master the skills, you will never go back to the old da

28、ys. The new technology is simply too convenient and too powerful. Technological developments through the years have enabled us to do more with less effort. We have continuously looked for better ways of doing things. Each invention and new development has allowed us to extend our capabilities. Today

29、 we see one of the most dramatic technologies ever developedthe computer. It extends the capabilities of our minds. Computers have saved organizations millions of dollars. Furthermore, these same computer systems have opened up new opportunities that would have gone undiscovered or neglected. The co

30、mputer may multiply what we can do, and the return on investment is high. The growth of computer usage is surprising. On the other hand, the computer can do serious damage. Invasion of privacy(侵犯隐私), fraud(欺诈), and computer-related mistakes are just a few shocking examples. The computer is like a do

31、uble-edged sword. It has the ability to cut us free from some activities, but it can also cut deep into profits, personal privacy, and our society in general. How it is used is not a function of technology. It is strictly a function of how people decide to use or misuse this new technology. The choi

32、ce is yours, and only through a knowledge of computer systems will you be able to avoid the dangers while enjoying the many, many benefits of the computer age. 1. The writer thinks learning about computers is like learning how to ride a bike or drive a car because _. A. it is simple and practical B.

33、 it needs a lot of practice C. it leads people to new life experiences D. it takes much time to master the skills 2. According to the passage, computers bring people the following benefits except _. A. avoiding mistakes B. saving money C. making money D. opening up opportunities 3. According to the

34、writer, the bad effects of computers can be avoided if we _. A. have sound knowledge of computer systems B. tell people not to misuse computers C. have strict rules over the use of computers D. make more investments in the technology 4. This passage is probably written for _. A. computers B. compute

35、r producers C. computer learners D. computer programmersPassage SixPerhaps you have heard a lot about the Internet, but what is it, do you know? The Internet is a network. It uses the telephone to join millions of computers together around the world.Maybe that doesnt sound very interesting. But when

36、 youve joined to the Internet, there are lots and lots of things you can do. You can send E-mails to your friends, and they can get them in a few seconds. You can also do with all kinds of information on the World Wide Web (WWW).There are many different kinds of computers now. They all can be joined

37、 to the Internet. Most of them are small machines sitting on peoples desks at home, but there are still many others in schools, offices or large companies. These computers are owned by people and companies, but no one really owns the Internet itself.There are lots of places for you to go into the In

38、ternet. For example, your school may have the Internet. You can use it during lessons or free time. Libraries often have computers joined to the Internet. You are welcome to use it at only time.Thanks to the Internet, the world is becoming smaller and smaller. It is possible for you to work at home

39、with a computer in front, getting and sending the information you need. You can buy or sell whatever you want by the Internet. But do you know 98% of the information on the Internet is in English? So what will English be like tomorrow? 1. What is the passage mainly about? A. Internet. B. Information

40、. C. Computers.D. E-mails. 2. Which is the quickest and cheapest way to send messages to your friends? A. By post. B. By E-mail. C. By telephone. D. By satellite. 3. Which may be the most possible place for people to work in tomorrow? A. In the office. B. At school. C. At home. D. In the company. 4.

41、 Whose the owner of the Internet? A. The headmaster.B. The officer. C. The user. D. No one. 5. What does the writer try to tell us with the last two sentences? A. English is important in using the Internet. B. the Internet is more and more popular. C. Most of the information is in English. D. Every

42、computer must have the Internet.Passage Seven In most towns today, you can see teenagers standing over electronic machines with flashing lights, shooting at spaceships from other planets and dropping bombs on strange monsters(恶魔). The machines have names like Space Warrior, Dark Invader and so on. I

43、t used to be believed that damage was done only to those strange visitors from outer space, but now it seems that they are striking back. Many teenagers like electronic games so much that they cant stop playing. They spend hours tightly holding the joystick controls and constantly pressing buttons m

44、arked “fire”. They develop pains on their fingers because of the constant pressure. They play and play that the pains have no chance to cure properly. The rapid wrist movement required to guide the spaceship across the screen causes another problem: The muscles of the wrist and arm become so inflame

45、d and swollen(充血红肿) that they press against the bones. This condition is what doctors now call “Space Warriors Wrist”.Other strange aches and pains also are likely to affect the elbows and shoulders. Another even more alarming problem is shown by the case of a 17-year-old girl which was recently rep

46、orted in the British Medical Journal. She had been playing various kinds of electronic games for more than two hours a day. Her father repaired games and machines and she could use the cassettes and systems in his workshop as often as she liked. One day, after playing a game called Dark Invader, she

47、 lost consciousness(晕倒) and fell to the floor. Doctors who examined her found she was suffering from an unusual illness caused by lights flashing at a particular frequency. 1. Electronic games are found very popular with _. A. people living in towns B. students studying in high schools C. girls work

48、ing in their fathers workshops D. young people 2. “Space Warriors Wrist” is caused by _. A. constantly pressing the buttons B. rapidly moving across the screen C. tightly holding the joystick controls D. inflamed and swollen muscles of the wrist 3. The case of a 17-year-old girl given by the writer

49、shows that the writer _. A. supports playing electronic games B. feels very sorry for the girl C. disagreed with young peoples playing electronic games D. feels worried about young peoples poor health 4. From the passage we can conclude that playing electronic games is _. A. enjoyable and helpful to

50、 the study B. exciting but harmful to the health and study C. interesting but harmless to the eyes D. amusing and satisfyingPassage EightExperiments aboard the spaceship Columbia have disproved a theory on the human nervous system which won an Austrian professor a Nobel prize 79 years ago.West Germa

51、n astronaut Ulf Merbold disproved the theory during tests aboard the spaceship yesterday. His discovery is connected with the workings of the inner ear, the bodys balance mechanism(机制).In l914 Professor Robert Barany won the Nobel prize for Physiology(生理学) and Medicine when he announced that tempera

52、ture differences affected the inner ear and caused the eyes to blink(眨眼). His theory was accepted by scientists.But Merbold carried out tests to find if the theory was correct and shocked himself and space officials when he proved it wrong.According to Baranys theory the eyes would blink when cold a

53、ir was blown into one ear and hot air blown into the other.But if this theory was correct such a movement would be impossible in zero gravity.Both Merbolds eyes continually blinked when the test was carried out. 1. Tests were carried out in outer space in order to _. A. find what causes the eyes to

54、blink B. shock the world C. prove the theory D. disprove the theory 2. Baranys theory declared to prove _. A. how our hearing mechanism works B. why we constantly move our eyes C. that eye movement is affected by temperature D. how hearing reacts(反应) 3. Baranys theory was proved incorrect in space b

55、y the effects of _. A. having no weightB. having no air C. the pull of gravityD. hot and cold air streamsPassage NineScientists are developing a new kind of machine to take the place of humans. These machines can do jobs in places that are too dangerous for humans. For example, they are being develo

56、ped to work in nuclear power center, deep under the oceans and in outer space.John Marrit, a psychologist(心理学家) in Williamsburg Massachusetts, helped develop the new machine. This is how they work. A machine is placed in an area far away from the person who operates it. The person wears special hard hat with television screens and sound e