高考英语二轮语法精讲精练代词

1、高考英语二轮语法词汇复习系列第二章代词用来代替名词、名词短语或句子的词称为代词。代词可分为：人称代词、指示代词、疑问代词、反身代词和不定代词等。高考重点要求：1、 物主代词、疑问代词、反身代词和指示代词的基本用法2、 定代词的指代含义以及数的情况3、it的基本用法第一节 知识点概述一、人称代词1 人称代词不仅仅指人，也可以指事或物。2 第三人称的人称代词分阳性he（him），阴性she（her）和中性it（it），复数和宾语形式都只有一个形式they和them，不分性别。3 选用什么人称代词，取决于所要代替的名词。在数和性上要与所代替的名词保持一致。二、物主代词物主代词是用来表示所有关系的，分

2、为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种。形容词性物主代词放在名词前作定语，相当于形容词；名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”，相当于名词，可以作主语、表语或宾语。物主代词的用法：（1）形容词性物主代词放在名词前作定语。例如：His pencil box is on the desk.This is our school.（2）名词性物主代词作名词用，本身就相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”，因此，后面不可再加名词。作主语： Richards school bag is blue and mine is black. 理查德的书包是蓝色的，我的书包是黑色的。（mine=my school

3、 bag）作表语： Its his. 这是他的（东西）。作宾语： He borrows your dictionary and you may borrow mine. 他借你的字典，你可以借我的。（作及物动词的宾语）“of+名词性物主代词”可以放在名词后作定语，表示强调： He is a friend of mine. 他是我的一个朋友。·注意：试比较下面两句句子：This is a photo of mine. 这是我的一张照片。（照片是我拥有的，但不一定照的是我本人）This is a photo of me. 这是一张我本人的照片。（照片上是我本人）三、反身代词反身代词用于所

4、强调的动作与动作执行者的关系。通常在句中作表语、宾语和同位语。四、指示代词（一）指示代词是具有指示概念的代词this这；that那；these这些；those那些；such如此的；same同样的（二）指示代词的用法（1）this、 that、 these、 those 在句子中作主语、宾语、表语或定语。（2）such 一般在句子中作定语或主语。such “这样的”，such a 这样一个，such as 像这样的。（3）same 可作定语、表语、主语和宾语。例如：1） That is our English teacher. （主语）2） This storybook is thicker t

5、han that one. (定语)3） I prefer this (these) to that (those). （宾语）4） What he likes best is this/that. (表语)5） I have never read such an exciting book. （定语）6） I like such sports as basketball and swimming. (定语)7） Such is our trip plan. (主语) （指上文提到过或刚说过的内容）。8） She wants the book and I want the same. (宾语)

6、9） We were born on the same day. (定语)·注意：1） this、 these 指空间上离说话人较近的人或物，可以与 here 连用；that、 those 指空间上离说话人较远的人或物，可以与 there 连用。2） 打电话或其他场合，本人这一方用 this 或 these. 反之用 that 或 those。3） such 作定语时，如名词前有不定冠词，应把such置于不定冠词之前。4） 在 same 之前必须加冠词 the 。五、疑问代词1Who 用于询问别人姓名，身份或关系。What 用于询问别人职业。2Which 指的物有范围限制，侧重于哪一

7、个；What 指的物无范围限制，侧重于种类。3Whose 用于明确所有者。hom 在口语中，多为 who 代替。六、不定代词不是指明代替任何特定名词的代词叫不定代词。常见的不定代词有all, both, each, every, some, any, many, much, (a)few, (a)little, one, ones, either, neither, other, another, no, none以及含有some-, any-, no-等的合成代词（如：anybody, something, no one）。这些不定代词大多可以代替名词，在句子中作主语、宾语、表语或定语。但n

8、one和由some, any, no, every 构成的复合不定代词（如somebody等）只能作主语、宾语和表语。而every和no只能作定语。七、it的用法（一）作无人称代词 1. 指代天气、时间、距离、季节和自然现象等。例如：It rains continually in the south in June. It is a half hours walk to the factory.2. 指代上文中提到的无生命的东西。例如：Where is my notebook? It was here just now. There is air all around us, but we c

9、annot see it.3. 代替有生命但不能或不必分阴阳性的东西（包括婴儿）。例如：The baby cried because it was hungry. Someone is knocking at the door, who can it be?（二）用作强调句，构成强调结构句型结构：It is(was)+强调部分+that。例如：It was last night that they left for H.K. It was I that(who) his sister in the park yesterday.（三）it作形式主语和形式宾语it作形式主语和形式宾语是为了使句子

10、平衡，而把真正的主语或宾语置于句子后面。例如： I found it interesting to study English. It is of great help to master a foreign language.第二节实战演练一、复习时需注意的要点1.不定代词可作主语，当作主语时，要明确这一不定代词究竟是单数还是复数，以确定它和谓语动词在人和数的一致。2.不定代词还可作定语。当作定语时，应该注意其所修饰的名词是可数还是不可数，以确定这个名词用单数还是复数。例:Much has been done to fight pollution；each of them has got a

11、 present.3.many, few和both用于可数名词，表示复数概念。4.All, both和each和含有every的复合代词用在否定句中只表示部分否定。例：Not all the students have been to the Austrlia. She cant work out both of the difficult problems.Everybody cannot work out the problem.5.Neither,none和含有no的复合代词表示全部否定。例:None of us can answer the question.Neither of th

12、e questions is right.二、历届高考试题分析例1、No progress was made in the trade talk as neither side would accept the conditions of _.A. othersB. the otherC. either D. another答案：B 【解析】根据上文neither的提示可以看出所指的应该是两者中的另外一个，所以用the other。这句的意思是：贸易谈判没有取得进展，因为双方都不愿意接受对方的条件。例2、Shanghai is really a fascinating city and we&

13、#39;ve decided to stay for_ two weeks. A. another B. other C. the other D. other's答案为A。【解析】 another意为“又一，再一”，后面如接two, three等数词或few等时，可与复数形式连用，我们可以把two weeks看作一个整体，在原来的基础上再待两星期。而 other，the other用于两者之间的另一个，other's是other的所有格形式，故B、C、D都不可选。例3、The Parkers bought a new house but_ will need a lot of

14、 work before they can move in.A. they B. it C. one D. which答案为B。【解析】 it指代前面提到的单数名词。指同一个事物，此句中指a new house；而one指“同名异物”；which引导定语从句，但题干中有连词but，并非主从句，which不妥；A为复数，更易排除。例4、In fact _ is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match.A. this B. that C. there D. it答案为D。【解析】 it在句子中作形

15、式主语。真正的主语是to keep order in an important football match。由于空格出现在fact的后面，所以一些考生把它当成了同位语从句，而选了that。而实际上，in fact是介词短语作状语，后不能接同位语从句。译文：实际上，在一次重大的足球赛中，对警察来说，维持秩序是一项很难的工作。例5、Some of the wheat is from Canada. What about _?A. another B. the other C. others D. the rest答案为D。【解析】 wheat是不可数名词，不能用others代替。the rest

16、既可代可数名词，也可代不可数名词，此处指the rest of the wheat。例6、If this dictionary is not yours, _ can it be?A. what else B. who else C. which elses D. who elses答案为D。【解析】考查关系代词所有格的用法。who else“其他什么人”，用于主格，宾格。who else's“其他什么人”，用于所有格。例7、One of the sides of the board should be painted yellow, and _.A. the other is whi

17、te B. another white C. the other white D. another is white答案为C。【解析】木板一般只有两面，把一面染成黄色的；另一面染成白色的，考查onethe other结构，由此排除B、D；原句结构为“the other(should be painted)white，为避免重复可省略。例8、He was nearly drowned once. When was _ ? _was in 1998 when he was in middle school.A. that; It B. this; This C. this; It D. that;

18、 This答案为A。【解析】用that指代上文提到的事，避免了重复；it指代时间。例9、Your coffee smells great!It's from Mexico. Would you like_?A. it B. some C. this D. little答案为B。【解析】 some相当于some of this coffee.例10、Few pleasures can equal _ of a cool drink on a hot day.A. some B. any C. that D. those答案为C。【解析】这句话的意思是“在炎热的夏天几乎没有任何乐趣能和饮一

19、杯冷饮的乐趣相比。”that在句子中代表the pleasure。一些考生只注意到Few pleasures是复数，而没有注意到这里指的是饮一杯冷饮的乐趣，误填了those。注意：使用代词时一定要弄清楚指代关系。第三节巩固练习Direction: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A、B、C and D. Choose the best answer that completes the sentence.1. I like _ in the autumn when the weather

20、 is clear and bright.A. this B. that C. it D. one2. I will never know what was on his mind at the time, nor will _.A. anyone B. anyone else C. no one D. no one else3. Playing tricks on others is _ we should never do.A. anything B. something C. everything D. nothing4. We needed a new cupboard for the

21、 kitchen. So Peter made _ from some wood we had.A. it B. one C. himself D. another5. I got the story from Tom and _ people who had worked with him.A. every other B. many others C. some other D. other than6. You can eat food free in my restaurant _ you like.A. whenever B. wherever C. whatever D. howe

22、ver7. I intended to compare notes with a friend, but unfortunately _ couldnt spare me even one minute.A. they B. one C. who D. it8. One weeks time has been wasted. I cant believe we did all that work for _.A. something B. nothing C. everything D. anything9. If you run after two hares, you will catch

23、 _.A. none B. neither C. nothing D. no one10. She doesnt know anyone here. She has got _ to talk to.A. anyone B. someone C. everyone D. on one11. I have done much of the work . Could you please finish in two days ?Athe rest Bthe other Canother Dthe others12. Which of the three ways shall I take to t

24、he village? _ way as you please.AEach BEveryCAnyDEither13. You must never think that you are good at _while others are good at _A. everything something else B. everythingnothingC. allnone D. nothing all14. Do you like _ here?Oh, yes. The air, the weather, the way of life. Everything is so nice. A. t

25、his B. these C. that D. it15. That' s an unpleasant thing to say about your father after _ he' s done for you.A. something B. anything C. all D. that16. I invited Joe and Linda to dinner, but _ of them came. A. neitherB. either C. noneD. both17. The Foreign Minister said, “_ our hope that th

26、e two sides will work towards peace. ”A. This isB. There is C. That isD. It is 18. _ is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making progress. A. ItB. As C. ThatD. What19. Some of the stamps belong to me, while the rest are _ .A. him and her     

27、60;       B. his and hers C. his and her              D. him and hers20. My mother opened _of the drawers in turn , trying to decide what he was going to put in _of them .A. everyeach B. everyone every C.

28、every one everyone D. each each 21.He was nearly drowned once. When was _ ? _was in 1998 when he was in middle school.A. thatIt B. thisThis C. thisIt D. that.This22.You're always working. Come on. Let's go shopping. _ you ever want to do is going shopping. A. Anything B. Something C. All D.

29、That23.Do you want tea or coffee?_. I really don't mind.A. Both B. None C. Either D. Neither24. Some students will remember these terms as the most successful _in the history of our school.A. ones B. ones C. one D. ones 25. This new rule may please some, but we dont expect it to please _.A. more

30、 B. other C. all D. any26. No agreement was reached during the peace talk as neither side would give way to _A. another B. other C. the other D. any other27. _ who laughs last laughs best.A. He B. One C. That D. Those28. Children should be taught how to get along with _A. another B. other C. others

31、D. an other29. These plants are watered _.A. each other day B. every other day C. each of two days D. every of two days30. Would you like some wine?Yes, just _.A. little B. very little C. a little D. little bit31. Toms mother kept telling him that he should work harder, but _ didnt helpA. he B. whic

32、h C. she D. it32. Is your camera like Bills and Anns ?No, but its almost the same as _.A. her B. yours C. them D. their33. Have you finished your report yet?No, Ill finish in _ ten minutes.A. another B. other C. more D. less34. I hope there are enough glasses for each guest to have _.A. it B. those

33、C. them D. one35. I agree with most of what you said, but I dont agree with _.A. everything B. anything C. something D. nothing36. Sarah has read lots of stories by American writers. Now she would like to read _ stories by writers from _ countries.A. someany B. othersome C. someother D. otherother37

34、. It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants.A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever38. Can you come on Monday or Tuesday?Im afraid _ day is possible.A. either B. neither C. some D. any39. If you want to change for a double room you ll have to pay _$15.A. another B. other C. more D. each40. I read about it in some book or other, does it matter _ it was?A. where B. what C. how D. which41. My brothers handwriting is better than _in his class.A. anyone else B.