形容词副词知识网络

1、 高中英语语法复习专题讲解高中英语语法复习专题讲解 形容词和副词形容词和副词 一形容词、副词的作用与位置一形容词、副词的作用与位置形容词是用来修饰名词的，常被放在名词前作定语，或放在系动词形容词是用来修饰名词的，常被放在名词前作定语，或放在系动词后面作表语。后面作表语。 Its an interesting book. The book is interesting. 形容词除了作定语、表语外，还可充当补语、状语形容词除了作定语、表语外，还可充当补语、状语The news that our class had won the final game made us happy. The glas

2、s fell to the ground, broken and the old man fell to the floor, dead.We keep the lab clean and tidy.I thought him very intelligent.The earthquake left many people homeless.副词用来修饰形容词、动词，其他副词或句子，一般位于形容词之副词用来修饰形容词、动词，其他副词或句子，一般位于形容词之前，动词之后或句子之首。前，动词之后或句子之首。The price is surprisingly high.He is walking s

3、lowly in the garden.He drives extremely carefully.Luckily, he passed the driving test.以下属几种特殊情况以下属几种特殊情况 （1）形容词短语作定语，定语）形容词短语作定语，定语后置后置。a language difficult to master （2）表语形容词）表语形容词（afraid、alike、alone、asleep、awake、alive等）作等）作定语，定语定语，定语后置后置。a man alive有些表身体健康状况的形容词如有些表身体健康状况的形容词如well、faint、ill只作表语。只作

4、表语。（3）用作定语，修饰由不定代词）用作定语，修饰由不定代词one、no、any、some和和every构成的复合词如构成的复合词如anything、something等时等时,常常后后置置。I have something important to tell you. （4） 某些形容词加上定冠词可以某些形容词加上定冠词可以泛指一类人泛指一类人，与谓语动，与谓语动词的词的复数复数连接连接如如the dead，the living，the rich，the poor，the blind等。等。The poor are losing hope. 穷人将失去希望。穷人将失去希望。有关国家和民族的

5、形容词加上定冠词指这个有关国家和民族的形容词加上定冠词指这个民族的整体民族的整体，与动词的复数连用与动词的复数连用.如如the British，the English，the French，the ChineseThe English have wonderful sense of humor. 英国人颇有幽默感。英国人颇有幽默感。 （5）enough修饰形容词、副词时，必须修饰形容词、副词时，必须后置后置。 He is not old enough to go to school.（6）在连系动词后要用形容词作表语。常见的连在连系动词后要用形容词作表语。常见的连系动词有系动词有:be，loo

6、k，feel，smell，taste(尝起来尝起来)，sound，get/become/grow/turn ，go/ come / grow /run， remain/keep/stay, fall,seem/ appear,prove/ turn out Though she is over 60, she looks young. Your idea sounds good. The audience began to grow impatient.（10）以）以-ly结尾的词性辨析。结尾的词性辨析。 下列单词以下列单词以-ly结尾，但却是结尾，但却是形容词形容词而非副词：而非副词：liv

7、ely、lonely、lovely、deadly、friendly、silly、likely、timely, weekly, daily等。等。 表表原意原意（无（无-ly）和）和引申意引申意(有有-ly)的副词：的副词： deep深深 deeply深入地深入地 wide宽广宽广 widely广泛地广泛地 high高高 highly高度地高度地 low位置低位置低 lowly地位卑微地位卑微 1.late 反义词反义词 early; lately 同义词同义词 recently2.pretty adj. 漂亮的漂亮的 adv = very /rather quite.3. hard/ hard

8、-working / hardly4.new / newly : a new-born baby a new-laid eggThey are a newly married couple.Dont sit on the newly painted chair. 5.firm/firmly6.deep/deeply7.direct/directly8.loud/loudly9.most/mostly 10.first/firstly 11.high/highly12.close/closely13.wide/widely 14.slow/slowly15.near反义词反义词 far /nea

9、rly 同义词同义词 almost 二二 常见形容词后缀和常见形容词后缀和复合形容词的构成复合形容词的构成 （1）形容词）形容词 + 名词名词 + ed kind-hearted好心的，好心的，white-haired白发的白发的 (2) 形容词形容词 + 形容词形容词 red-hot炽热的，炽热的，dark-blue深蓝的深蓝的 （3）形容词）形容词 + 现在分词现在分词 good-looking好看的，好看的，easy-going随和的随和的 （4）副词）副词 + 现在分词现在分词 hard-working勤劳的，勤劳的，fast-moving快速转动的快速转动的 （5）副词）副词 + 过

10、去分词过去分词 hard-won得来不易的，得来不易的，newly-made新建的新建的 （6）名词）名词 + 形容词形容词 life-long终生的，终生的，world-famous世界闻名的世界闻名的 （7）名词）名词 + 现在分词现在分词 peace-loving爱好和平的，爱好和平的，fun-loving爱开玩笑的爱开玩笑的 （8）名词）名词 + 过去分词过去分词 snow-covered白雪覆盖的，白雪覆盖的，hand-made手工的手工的 （9）数词）数词 + 名词名词 + ed four-storeyed 4层楼的，层楼的，three-legged 3条腿的条腿的 （10）数词）

11、数词 + 名词（名词用单数）名词（名词用单数） ten-year 10年的年的,two-man两人的两人的 三三 形容词和副词的比较等级形容词和副词的比较等级 1形容词的比较级和最高级形容词的比较级和最高级（1）一般情况）一般情况 加加er, est smaller, smallest （2）以）以e 结尾结尾 加加r,st larger, largest （3)以以辅音字母辅音字母+y 结尾的词结尾的词 改改y为为i，再加，再加er,est busier, busiest (lucky,happy,heavy,angry, healthy)（4) 重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母重读闭音

12、节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母 双双写末尾辅音字母，加写末尾辅音字母，加er,est fatter, fattest （5) 以以ow,er结尾的双音节词结尾的双音节词 加加er ,est narrower, narrowestcleverer, cleverest （6) 多数双音节和多音节的词多数双音节和多音节的词 加加more most more beautiful,most important 2 副词的比较级和最高级副词的比较级和最高级 （1)大多数以大多数以ly结尾的副词前加结尾的副词前加more 和和most more/most carefully（2）少数单音节副词，加）少数单音

13、节副词，加er, est faster, fastest 3几个特殊的形容词和副词的几个特殊的形容词和副词的不规则变化不规则变化 good /well- better- bestbad/ill/badly - worse - worst many /much more- mostlittle less- least far farther/further farthest-furtherold older/elder oldest-eldest 四比较级和最高级的常用句型四比较级和最高级的常用句型 1.形容词原级的用法形容词原级的用法 形容词的原级常用于形容词的原级常用于asas及及not a

14、s (so)as两种句型中两种句型中. 中间的形容词必须是原级中间的形容词必须是原级.句型句型asas,表示两者相比较表示两者相比较,程度相同程度相同.例如例如:The old man walks as fast as a young man. 这位老人走路与年轻人一样快这位老人走路与年轻人一样快. Science is as important as Math. 自然科学与数学一样重要自然科学与数学一样重要. (2)句型句型not as (so)as,表示前者不如后者表示前者不如后者.Im not as tall as Jack. 我没有杰克高我没有杰克高. She doesnt run s

15、o fast as I. 她没有我跑得快她没有我跑得快. This warship is not so big as that one. 这艘军舰没有那艘大这艘军舰没有那艘大. (3)需要注意的形容词的原级用法需要注意的形容词的原级用法: 数词数词+times +as +形容词原级形容词原级+as(是是的几倍的几倍).This tree is twice as short as that one. 这棵树比那棵树矮一倍这棵树比那棵树矮一倍. My scores are three times as many as yours. 我的分数是你的三倍我的分数是你的三倍. This road is

16、four times as wide as that one. 这条马路的宽度是那条的四倍这条马路的宽度是那条的四倍. half +as +形容词原级形容词原级+as(的一半的一半).例如例如: My English is not half as good as yours. 我的英语不如你的一半好我的英语不如你的一半好. This town is half as big as ours. 这个城镇有我们城镇的一半大这个城镇有我们城镇的一半大. The rivers in the north arent half as many as those in the south. 北方的河流不如南方

17、的一半多北方的河流不如南方的一半多. asas结构中结构中,若形容词作定语修饰可数名词若形容词作定语修饰可数名词单数单数,不定冠词不定冠词a (an)置于形容词与名词之间置于形容词与名词之间. English is as important a subject as Math. 英英语是和数学同样重要的一门学科语是和数学同样重要的一门学科. Uncle Wang is as good a man as my father. 王叔叔是与我父亲同样好的一个人王叔叔是与我父亲同样好的一个人. This is as famous a school as ours. 这是一所与我们学校同样著名的学校这是

18、一所与我们学校同样著名的学校. 4）由由as as组成的形容词或副词短语组成的形容词或副词短语 as much as + 不可数名词数量。不可数名词数量。 Each stone weighs as much as fifteen tons. She could earn as much as ten dollars a week. as many as + 可数名词数量可数名词数量 多达多达 I have as many as sixteen reference books. as early as 早在早在 As early as the twelfth century the Englis

19、h began to invade the island. as far as远到；就远到；就而知（论）而知（论） We might go as far as (走到走到)the church and back. As far as I know（就我所知）（就我所知）, he has been there before. may (might, could) as well不妨、不如不妨、不如 Then you might as well stay with us here. as as possible 尽可能尽可能Just get them to finish up as quickly

20、 as possible. 2.形容词比较级的用法形容词比较级的用法 (1)表示两者之间比较时表示两者之间比较时,用用形容词比较级形容词比较级+than或或lessthan两种句型两种句型. Your mother looks healthier than before. 你妈妈看上去比以前健康了你妈妈看上去比以前健康了. Im less interested in basketball than you. 我没有你对篮球感兴趣我没有你对篮球感兴趣. (2)形容词的比较级还可以用于以下句型中形容词的比较级还可以用于以下句型中. 比较级的重复比较级的重复 越来越越来越.例如例如:The park

21、 is getting more and more beautiful. 这个公园变得越来越美了这个公园变得越来越美了. China has become stronger and stronger. 中中国已变得越来越强大了国已变得越来越强大了. the +比较级的重复比较级的重复越越就越就越.例如例如: The more books we read, the cleverer we will become. 我们读的书越多我们读的书越多,就会变得越聪明就会变得越聪明. The sooner, the better. 越早越好越早越好. The more exercise we take,

22、the healthier we are. 我们越锻炼我们越锻炼,身体就越健康身体就越健康. the+比较级比较级+of the two两个中较两个中较的一的一个个.Id like to go to the farther of the two places. 我愿意去两个地方中更远的那个地方我愿意去两个地方中更远的那个地方. She is the fatter of the two girls. 她是那两个女她是那两个女孩中较胖的一个孩中较胖的一个. 比较级比较级+than any other+单数名词单数名词比其他任比其他任何何都都.例如例如: Li Lei is taller than

23、any other boy in his class. 李雷比他班上其他任何一个男孩都高李雷比他班上其他任何一个男孩都高.(李雷最高李雷最高) The population of China is larger than any others in the world. 中国的人口比世界上其他任何国家的人口都多中国的人口比世界上其他任何国家的人口都多.(暗暗指中国人口最多指中国人口最多) 形容词比较级前还可以用形容词比较级前还可以用much, a lot, far, even, still, a little, no, any等表示程度的词来修饰等表示程度的词来修饰. I feel a lit

24、tle better than yesterday. 我感觉比昨天好一点儿了我感觉比昨天好一点儿了. The job is far more difficult than before. 这工作比以前要难得多这工作比以前要难得多. 用于否定用于否定 no +比较级比较级+than 和和一样不一样不 He is no richer than I.他和我一样不富有。他和我一样不富有。 7.比较级用于否定句，表肯定意思比较级用于否定句，表肯定意思 His work couldnt be worse.他的工作再糟糕不过了。他的工作再糟糕不过了。Ive never heard a better voic

25、e. 这是我听过的最好的声音这是我听过的最好的声音3.形容词最高级的用法形容词最高级的用法 (1)三者或三者以上相比较三者或三者以上相比较,用用the+最高级最高级+名词名词+范围范围 This is the cleanest place of the city. Hu Yun is the fastest of all the girls in our class. 胡云是我们班女生中跑得最快的胡云是我们班女生中跑得最快的.(2)表示表示最最之一之一,用用one of the+形容词最高级形容词最高级+复数名复数名词词“The Great Wall of China is one of th

26、e greatest buildings in the world. 中国的长城是世界上最伟大的建筑之一中国的长城是世界上最伟大的建筑之一. This is one of the most interesting books that Ive ever read. 这是我读过的最有趣的书之一这是我读过的最有趣的书之一. 注意：形容词注意：形容词最高级前必须加定冠词最高级前必须加定冠词the,但最高级前面有物主代词修饰时但最高级前面有物主代词修饰时,则不加则不加the.例如例如: 这是我最好的朋友这是我最好的朋友. (正正)This is my best friend.(误误)This is m

27、y the (the my) best friend. 五、几种常见的形容词句型五、几种常见的形容词句型 1.形容词形容词(过去分词过去分词)+介词介词+名词名词(或代词或动名词或代词或动名词) Im not interested in playing computer games. 我对打电脑游戏不感兴趣我对打电脑游戏不感兴趣. My parents are pleased with my studies. 我父我父母对我的学习感到满意母对我的学习感到满意. 2.It is (was)+形容词形容词+of/for+名词名词(或代词或代词)+不定式不定式 Its foolish of me t

28、o make such a mistake. 犯这犯这样的错误样的错误,我真是太傻了我真是太傻了. It was kind of the driver to send the old man home. 这位司机把老人送回家这位司机把老人送回家,他真是太好了他真是太好了. Its difficult for me to finish the work in a day. 对我来说对我来说,一天之内完成这项工作很难一天之内完成这项工作很难. 3.形容词形容词+不定式不定式 常用于这种句型的形容词有常用于这种句型的形容词有: able, sure, lucky, ready, happy, lik

29、ely等等.例如例如: She is sure to pass the exam. 她一定会通过考试的她一定会通过考试的. Im lucky to meet you here. 我真幸运我真幸运,能在这儿碰到你能在这儿碰到你. 六几个无比较意义的比较级句型归纳六几个无比较意义的比较级句型归纳 1. no more than =only 只有，仅仅，只不过只有，仅仅，只不过 There are no more than a hundred people in the hall. 大厅里只有大厅里只有100人。人。 2. not more than=at the most 不超过，至多不超过，至多

30、 There are not more than a hundred people in the hall. 大厅里至多大厅里至多100人。人。 3. no less than 多达，不少于多达，不少于 He made no less than500. 他赚了多达五百英他赚了多达五百英镑的钱。镑的钱。 He walks no less than five miles to school. 他他上学至少要走五英里。上学至少要走五英里。 4. less than 不到，不太，极不不到，不太，极不 I wont take less than $5000 for my car.我的汽车低于我的汽车低于

31、5000美元不卖。美元不卖。 The boys were less than happy about having a party. 开晚会男孩子并不很高兴。开晚会男孩子并不很高兴。 5. more than 多于，超过多于，超过(=over，后接数词，后接数词)；不只是不只是(=not only，后接名词、动词或副词，后接名词、动词或副词)；非常，十分非常，十分(=very，后接形容词、副词、动词或分词，后接形容词、副词、动词或分词)；难以，完全不能难以，完全不能(用于用于more thancan) He was more than seventy years of age. 他有七十多岁了

32、。他有七十多岁了。 He more than smiled, but laughed. 他不只是微笑而是大笑。他不只是微笑而是大笑。 They were more than glad to help. 他们非常乐于帮忙。他们非常乐于帮忙。 That is more than I can tell. 那我就不知道了。那我就不知道了。 6. more or less (=almost, nearly, about) 基本上，差不基本上，差不多，大约多，大约 The work is more or less finished. 工作基本上完成了。工作基本上完成了。 The repairs will

33、cost $30, more or less. 修理费大约要修理费大约要30美元。美元。 7. sooner or later 迟早，早晚，总有一天迟早，早晚，总有一天 You should tell her because shell find out sooner or later.你还是告诉她吧因为她早晚会发觉的。你还是告诉她吧因为她早晚会发觉的。 8. whats more 而且，此外，还有，更有甚者而且，此外，还有，更有甚者 I missed the bus and had to walk home. Whats more, it was raining and I got all

34、wet. 我赶不上巴士，不得不走回家，而且那时正在下雨，我全我赶不上巴士，不得不走回家，而且那时正在下雨，我全身都湿透了。身都湿透了。 9. no soonerthan 一一就就 He had no sooner arrived than he was asked to leave again. 他刚到就被支走了。他刚到就被支走了。形容词和副词形容词和副词一、语法填空一、语法填空1. How beautifully she sings! I have never heard a_ (good) voice. .2. A spider cannot (true) be described as

35、an insect.3. 3. English is _(wide) (wide) used in the world. . 4. I think (high) (high) of your opinion. The kite is flying The kite is flying (high) in the sky.(high) in the sky.5 5. He spoke to me in a very _ (friend) way.6. You had better keep your room 6. You had better keep your room (tidy).(ti

36、dy).7. 7. We could see (clear) a strange light ahead of us.8. 8. He is tallest in our class.9. _（surprise）, no one came. _(lucky), he got hurt in the game.10. The classes at the college have become_ (increase)full over the past five years.better trulywidelyhighly high friendly tidy clearly the Surpr

37、isingly Unluckilyincreasingly 11. The poor (be) looking forward to international help.12. I thoroughly enjoy my visit to the museum. It was _(interest) than I had expected.13.It was hot yesterday, but its even _ (hot)today.14. It is important _ us to learn English well.15. Its foolish you to do it l

38、ike that.16. He was knocked_(conscious) and was sent to the hospital.17. This is good an example as that one.18. This room is three times the size that one.19. Its important to stay (calm) when faced with danger.aremore interestinghotterforofunconsciousasofcalm二完成句子二完成句子1. 1. 护士们目前正忙着照顾病者和伤员护士们目前正忙着

39、照顾病者和伤员Nurses are busy looking after_ _ _at the moment.2. 2. 他没你跑得快。他没你跑得快。He you. 3. 3. 这房间的面积是那间的两倍这房间的面积是那间的两倍。This room that one. .4. 4. 这座桥的长度是那座的三倍。这座桥的长度是那座的三倍。This bridge that one. This bridge_of that one.5. 5. 我老爸被电影深深打动了。我老爸被电影深深打动了。My father_by the film.6. 6. 这个男孩不够高，还够不着天花板。这个男孩不够高，还够不着天

40、花板。The boy is to reach the ceiling. the sick and woundedcan not run so/as fast asis three times as long asis twice as big as/ is twice the size of is three times the length was deeply moved/touched not tall enough / too shortcan not run faster than youcan run less fast than you can run slower than y

41、ou7. 7. 我有一些重要的事情要告诉你。我有一些重要的事情要告诉你。 I have to tell you.8. 真不可思议，这么少的食物居然在战争中挽救了那么真不可思议，这么少的食物居然在战争中挽救了那么多人的生命。多人的生命。 It was a wonder that _food saved_lives during the war. 9 他的车比我的贵。他的车比我的贵。 His car is _.11. 请尽快联系我。请尽快联系我。 Please contact me _ .12. 你越努力，你取得的进步就会越大。你越努力，你取得的进步就会越大。 _.13. 她看上去越来越年轻了。她

42、看上去越来越年轻了。 She looks _. something importantsuch little so manymore expensive than mineas soon as possible/ you canThe harder you work, the greater progress you will make.younger and younger14. 这间房子和那间一样不便宜。这间房子和那间一样不便宜。 This house_that one.15. 他在公众场合那么大声说话是不礼貌的他在公众场合那么大声说话是不礼貌的 _speak so loud in pub

43、lic.16. 学生很难在五分钟之内把它记住。学生很难在五分钟之内把它记住。 _keep it in mind in five minutes.17. 他有可能会出席开幕式他有可能会出席开幕式 He_ attend the opening ceremony.18. 你的父母很担心你的安全。你的父母很担心你的安全。 Your parents_ your safety.19. 他刚离开就开始下雨了。他刚离开就开始下雨了。 He _it began to rain.20. 这幅画这么贵，没有人买得起。这幅画这么贵，没有人买得起。It is_ no one can afford it.is no cheaper than Its impolite of him to Its difficult for students tois likely to are worried about had