马来西亚贸易与运输便利化

1、1Trade and Transport Facilitation: The Malaysian Experience and MilestonesServices Development DivisionMinistry of International Trade and Industry (MITI)MALAYSIA2nOverview of Malaysias Services IndustrynOverview of Malaysias Logistics IndustrynStatus of Malaysias Logistics IndustrynDevelopment of t

2、he Regional Economic CorridorsnLiberalization of the Services IndustrynRecent DevelopmentsnCabinet Committee on Services Liberalisation (CCSL)nTerms of Reference of the Malaysia Logistics Council (MLC)nUnilateral LiberalisationnIssuesnChallenges3nThe Services Sector, including logistics has been tar

3、geted as the engine of growth under Malaysias Third Industrial Master Plan (IMP3);nTotal share of services in Malaysias GDP has expanded from 48.8 percent in 1987 to 55.0 percent in 2008;nIMP3 (2006 - 2020) targets an increase in the GDP contribution from 50.5 percent in 2005 to 59.7 percent by 2020

4、 to be achieved through:an annual average investment of USD15.3 billion; andan annual average growth of 7.5 percent during the period.4nIn IMP3, specific targets has been set for the logistics industry:to grow at 8.6% during the 15-year plans period;contribute 12.1% to GDP by 2020;Malaysian ports to

5、 handle 36 million TEUs by 2020, 2.4 million tonnes for air freight and 18.6 million tonnes for rail freight.5ServicesServicesIndicator20082007Share of Real GDP (%)55.053.6Growth (%)2.69.7Investment Approved (RM billion)50.165.4Productivity Growth (%)3.35.0Share of Total Employment (%)50.351.4Export

6、 Value (RM billion)102.0100.9Import Value (RM billion)99.898.2Total Trade (RM billion)201.8199.26Logistics Industry:nLogistics in Malaysia covers maritime, aviation and land transport modes;nIn 2008:19 projects were approved;investments amounting to RM1.4 billion, of which:nRM953.7 million are domes

7、tic investments; andnRM469.2 million are foreign investment.nSea and air transport services are the two main exportable components of the transport sector in Malaysia;nIn 2008, Malaysias transport sector registered:a deficit of RM1.7 billion;a contraction of 6.5 percent from 2007 (RM24.6 billion)nTr

8、ansport sector remains in deficit due to reliance on foreign freight, particularly in the transport of goods.7nSea Transport:Exports of sea transport services registered a 7.1 per cent growth, valued at RM9.0 billion (2008), compared with RM8.4 billion (2007);Imports of sea transport services increa

9、sed to RM33.1 billion (2008), compared with RM32.6 billion (2007).nAir Transport:Exports of air services decreased to 6.5 per cent to RM22.9 billion (2008), compared with RM24.6 billion (2007);Decrease in export of air services was due to lower demand for air freight services.8nLogistics has assumed

10、 a very prominent role as it provides the backbone to facilitate international trade;nLogistics value chain involves integration of various service providers transport, distribution, freight and ancillary services to deliver a total supply chain solution;nTo give more focus on this sub-sector, the G

11、overnment has set up the Malaysia Logistics Council (MLC) in February 2007 to be the focal point for the overall coordination on strategies, policies, regulations and rules for the logistics sector.9nMaritime5 major ports (Port Klang, Tanjung Pelepas, Penang, Kuantan, Bintulu) and 25 main ports;tota

12、l port throughput volume (in TEUs):n2007 15.3 millionn2008 10.2 millionnLandcomprises road and rail transport;in 2007, the total road network amounted to 60,734 km;road transport:n187 haulier companies;n7,256 registered prime movers; 36,413 trailers.10nAircomprises:nair cargo carriers and integrator

13、s;nairport and cargo terminal operators;nground handlers;nair cargo agents or airfreight forwarders; andnairport regulators.5 international (KLIA, Penang, Senai, Kuching and Kota Kinabalu) and 15 domestic airports:total cargo handled (in kilograms - kgs):n2007 997.1 millionn2008 203.6 million111213N

14、CERThe Northern Corridor Economic Region (NCER) development program is a Government initiative to accelerate economic growth and elevate income levels in the north of Peninsular Malaysia encompassing the states of Perlis, Kedah, Pulau Pinang and the north of Perak. The NCER initiative will span from

15、 2007 to 2025. Logistics activities involve shipment and unloading of dry bulk cargos (commodities such as rice, palm oil, iron/steel, grains/cereals, sugar, chemical/fertilizer, machinery/CKD components and processed foodstuff).14ECERThe East Coast Economic Region (ECER) covers the states of Kelant

16、an, Terengganu and Pahang, as well as the district of Mersing in Johor.The ECER s distinctive natural resources, culture & heritage will form the basis for transforming the economy into one that is dynamic and competitive in light of greater regional and global competition and economic liberalis

17、ation.Logistics activities involve loading and unloading of liquid bulk (oil and gas and chemicals/fertilizers).15Iskandar MalaysiaLocated in Johor, the southern gateway to Peninsula Malaysia, is within reach of a global market of some 800 million people.Iskandar Malaysia aims to be a sustainable re

18、gion of international standard. As the beacon of new growth, Iskandar Malaysia will spur economic developments that actuate Malaysias global potential. Recognizing the need for sustainable development, social and environmental issues features heavily on its agenda.Logistics activities involve region

19、al distribution centers, loading and unloading of dry and liquid bulk cargos, transshipment and break bulking activities.16SDCThe Sabah Development Corridor programme is a Government initiative to accelerate economic growth and elevate income levels in the state of Sabah. The initiative will span fr

20、om 2007 to 2025.Logistics activities involve marine engineering, dry and liquid cargo break bulking and commodities exports (petroleum and fuel oil, palm oil, chemicals/fertilizers and cement/clinkers).17SCOREThe Sarawak Corridor of Renewable Energy or simply known as SCORE, is one of the five regio

21、nal development corridors being developed throughout the country.It aims to achieve the goals of accelerating the States economic growth and development, as well as improving the quality of life for the people of Sarawak. Logistics activities involve movement of renewable energy resources via land a

22、nd other commodities such as livestock, aquaculture produces, glass, aluminum and steel;18nMalaysia will continue to review and undertake progressive liberalisation of its services industry taking into account domestic capability as well as to enhance competitiveness at the global and regional level

23、s.nLiberalization in the services industry is currently being undertaken in:ASEAN: through AFAS (full liberalization to be undertaken by 2015 and logistics 2013);the WTO: through progressive liberalization;bilateral and regional FTAs: through binding of GATS commitments.19nCommitments in ASEAN:e-ASE

24、AN (ICT), tourism, healthcarelogisticsEnd date for liberalisation201020132015Foreign (ASEAN) equity participation-49% by 2006-51% by 2008-70% by 2010-49% by 2008-51% by 2010-70% by 2013-30% by 2006-49% by 2008-51% by 2010-70% by 2015*construction: not less than 51% by 200620nCommitments in Bilateral

25、 and Regional FTAs:based on the principle of progressive liberalisation, commensurate with capacity of industry;WTO plus;based on domestic consultations liberalisation to benefit domestic stakeholders;cooperation elements added where relevant for capacity building and transfer of knowledge/technolog

26、y.21nCommitments in WTO:under the WTO (Uruguay Round), Malaysia has made market access commitments in 9 out of 12 major services groups, covering 64 out of 163 subsectors, which include:business and professional services;computer and related services;construction;health;communications;tourism;financ

27、ial;recreational and sports; andothers.services negotiations undertaken on “request-offer” approach, on bilateral and plurilateral basis.22nMeasures undertaken by Malaysia to facilitate liberalization and enhance competition of the services sector include:the formation of the Cabinet Committee on Se

28、rvices Liberalization (CCSL) in February 2009 to facilitate and coordinate issues pertaining services liberalization including logistics;introducing the International Integrated Logistics Services (IILS) status to existing or new logistics suppliers, to enhance the competitiveness of Malaysian logis

29、tics industry and to further promote integration into the global supply chain.23approved IILS companies are allowed to apply for Customs Agents licenses, fulfilling the following criterias:local incorporation under the Companies Act 1965;must undertake all 3 principle activities warehousing, transpo

30、rtation and freight forwarding (including customs clearance) and at least one of these activities distribution, other related and value-added logistics services/activities or supply chain management;manage at least 20 units of commercial vehicles and 5,000 sq. meters of warehouse space;employ at lea

31、st 50% Malaysian and preference must be given to local professionals;24use Malaysia as a hub for logistics and supply chain services in the region;having good networks with logistics service providers abroad in order to provide seamless integrated logistics services for the regional market;substanti

32、al usage of ICT infrastructure throughout the logistics chain and value-added activities; andcompulsory attendance to the Customs Agent course conducted by the Royal Malaysian Customs Department.25nMeeting on 18 February 2009, among others, agreed to:create a Services Sector Capacity Development Fun

33、d, with an initial funding of RM100 million, to address the impact of liberalisation on local services providers and to encourage mergers and acquisitions;respective Ministries to identify subsectors that can be fully liberalised immediately; anddraw up a roadmap for gradual liberalisation for those

34、 sectors that require longer timeframe.26nTo provide leadership and serve as a focal point to address all issues relating to the development of the industry;nTo monitor and coordinate the implementation of programmes a n d a c t i v i t i e s o f t h e r e s p e c t i v e M i n i s t r i e s a n d A

35、gencies/Authorities at both Federal and State levels, involved in the development of the industry;nTo steer research and training activities of the Malaysia Supply Chain and Logistics Center, which will be established; andnTo streamline the strategies and policies governing the logistics industry, which cuts across several Ministries and Agencies.27nAnnouncement by the government on 22 April 2009 to liberalise 27 services sub-sectors in the move to at