中考英语短暂性动词-延续性动词和现在完成时学案(无答案)-精选学习文档

1、第1页短暂性动词，延续性动词和现在完成时延续性动词是指动作发生后还可以延续一段时间或者相当长的一段时间。如： live,work, study, learn, sleep等，延续性动词可以和表示一段的时间状语连用。短暂性动词是指动作一旦发生就立即结束。它不能和一段时间连用。这类动词有：go,come, arrive, leave, begin, start, join, marry等；在否定句中，短暂性动词可以和表示 一段时间的状语连用。We haven' t heard from Jane for a long time.短暂性动词 的肯定式不能与表示一段时间的for或since或h

2、ow long等状语连用。值得注 意的是，表示一段时间的状语除了 “fork段时间”外，还有since+n.颁句(时间点)，since+ 时间段+ago,疑问词how long, in the past+寸间段，all these+寸间段，fromto (时间点)以 及till/until+n./句子等等。例如：.I have received his letter for three days( x)I have received his letter. (V)How long did she leave .( x) How long has she been away? ( V)必须将短暂

3、性动词改为延续性动词如果短暂性动词与表示一段时间的时间状语连用，现归纳总结一下由非延续性动词到延续性动词的转换：arrive- arrive.finish fbe over语gffiM四瑞七形式之外，A. It is或者Jt has been+/问+since ；(动词用过去式)die fbe deadopen fbe opencomei+c凯e 隹&寸)+ 时间+agoo se jbe 口/edIt ' s five days since、leave fbe away (from)reved his letter. joinfbe in/ be a member of鄙faa

4、ser就噬eo睚ago嬴居部以用以下几种说法go to school be a studentbosowikee含 3 天了，He left Shanghai three days ago.,go out be outbuy/geW havecatch(a cold户 have(a cold)get to know f knowbegin to stud尸 studycome to workf workmove to 一 live infinish/end f be overcome to 一 be insit down f be seatedHerhas镭nmawwed fromShangh

5、ah变句黝鹿蟠 three days ago It is/has beenthree days since he left Shanghai.Three dayshas passedince he left Shanghai.几点注意事项：(1) have been(to)W have gone( to)勺区别:have been（to炭示 去过某地（现在已经回来了）”，可用于各人称；have gone（to俄示去某地了（说话时某人不在当地）”，可能在去的路上，可能已在某地，也 可能在回来的路上，总之，人不在这里。常用第三人称作主语。前者可与 once,never, several time野

6、连用，后者则不能。如：They have been to Beijing twice他们去过北京两次。He has gone to Beijing 他去北京了。注意比较 has gone to, has been to, has been 的意义：He has gone tcAmercia.（他到美国去了。他不在这里）He has been tcAmercia.（他去过美国。现已回来）He has been inShanghai.（他在上海呆过。现在不在上海）He has been inshanghai for years.（他在上海多年。现在还在上海）（2）终止性动词现在完成时的否定式，已变

7、成一种可以延续的状态，因此可以和表示一段时问的状语连用。如：I haven 't left here since 2019自从2019年以来，我一直没有离开过这儿。另外，动词的延续性与非延续性还体现在这两种句型中：延续性动词的肯定式+till/until短暂性动词的否定式+till/ until请看例句： We waited until he came.I didn ' t go to bed until myher came back home last night.短暂性动词，延续性动词和现在完成时练习I.句型转换：1. Mr. Li began to teach Engl

8、ish in this school in 2019.（同义句）Mr. Li English in this school since 2019.2. The factory opened ten years ago.（同义句The factory for ten years.3. John left Beijing three years ago.（同义句）Three years John Beijing.JohnBeijing three years.4. His company opened in 2019.（同义句His company since 2019.5. My father

9、bought the car half a year ago.（同义句My father the car half a year.6. We got to know each other for about 15 years.（同义句We each other about 15 years.7. The film began ten minutes ago.（同义句The film for ten minutes.8. I borrowed this book two weeks ago.（同义句I this book for two weeks.9. My father came back

10、the day before yesterday.My father has for two days.10. My uncle bought the new car two months ago.My uncle has the new car two months ago.11. 用 have been和 have gone填空。1 . Mother isn ' t here. She to the barber ' s.2 .you ever abroad before?4. Tom and Mary have just come in. They to a party.

11、5. Tom and Mary aren ' t here. They a Paoty.6. My father to New York. He left this morning.12. The students to the cinema to see a film today. Now they are back.14. Mr. and Mrs. Smith to London now. They there twice already.18. Miss Li never to China before.19. Where you? The meeting has already

12、 begun.20. Where he? I can ' t find him anywhere.m .选择题1 . The bookshop for eight years.A has been open B has been opened C has opened D has open2 . I the club for 5 years so far.A. joined B. have joined C. have been in3 . The factory since the February of 1988.第3页A . has been open B. has opened

13、 C. was open D. opened4 . Mary and Rose friends since they met in 2019.A. have made B. have been C. made D. have become5 .You mustnt until he comes back.A. be away B. leave C. be left6 .The meeting for a week now.A. has finished B. has ended C. has been over7 .Miss Gao this school for nearly 5 years

14、.A. has been in B. has come to C. has taught8 .Ben a teacher for 4 years .A. has been B. has become C. was D. became9. I home for a week.A. have returned B. have been back C. returned10. How long he ?A. died B. has, died C. has, been dead11. He at eight yesterday afternoon.A. slept B. was sleeping C

15、. has sleep D. had slept12. He the car for a week.A. bought B. has bought C. has had13. How long you ill ? Two weeks.A. did fall B. have, fell C. have, been14.Since 2019, he his hometown.A. has left B. has moved away C. has been away from15.Ill lend you the book , but you can only it for 2 days.A. b

16、orrow B. keep C. take16. The bus on the road for 2 hours so far.A. has stopped B. stopped C. has been17. Are you the jacket these days?A. wearing B. putting on C. dressing D. on18. He foe 2 hours.A. got up B. has got up C. has been up19. Tom is 川 in hospital. He a cold for several days.A. is B. catc

17、hes C. has caught D. has had20. How long can I the book? Two weeks.A. borrow B. lend C. get D. keep21. - How long you the army?-For one and a half years.A. did, join B. have, been in C. have, joined D. will, join22. Oh, Mrs, King. Your dress looks nice. Is it new? No, I it since two years ago.A. had

18、 B. bought C. have had D. have bought23. Jack has for a week.A. had a cold B got a cold C. caught a cold24. “Howong have you there? ” “Abousix years. ”A. come B. gone C. left D. worked25. Our workshop since two years ago.A. was open B. opened C. has been open D. has opened26. My grandpa for half a year.A. has been dead B. died C. has died D. was dead27. - What a nice bike! How long_you_ it?-Just two weeks.A. w