新概念英语第二册 Lesson 45

1、Lesson 45 Lesson 45 A clear conscienceA clear conscience问心无愧问心无愧New words and expressions 生词和短语生词和短语 clear adj. clear adj. 无罪的无罪的, ,不亏心的不亏心的conscience n. conscience n. 良心，道德心良心，道德心wallet n. wallet n. 皮夹，钱夹皮夹，钱夹savings n. savings n. 存款存款villager n. villager n. 村民村民percent percent 百分之百分之. . clearadj无罪

2、的，无辜的无罪的，无辜的have a clear conscience 问心无愧问心无愧They have imprisoned an clear man. 囚禁无罪。囚禁无罪。adj透明的，清澈的，洁净的透明的，清澈的，洁净的the clear water of a mountain lake山上清澈的湖水山上清澈的湖水a clear sky 晴朗的天空晴朗的天空 a clear face洁净的脸洁净的脸clear glass 透明的玻璃透明的玻璃a girl with clear eyes 有着明亮眼睛的女孩子有着明亮眼睛的女孩子adj. 易看清或听清的易看清或听清的a clear sou

3、nd 清楚的声音清楚的声音adj 易懂的，明白的易懂的，明白的a clear explanation 清楚明白的解释清楚明白的解释a clear meaning 一个明白的意思一个明白的意思 conscience n良心，是非感良心，是非感have a clear conscience 问心无愧问心无愧have a guilty conscience 有愧于心有愧于心have a bad conscience 有愧于心有愧于心have no conscience 没良心没良心She always cheats and lies; she have no conscience at all.他又

4、欺骗又说谎；根本就没有良心。他又欺骗又说谎；根本就没有良心。 wallet n钱包钱包billfold n钱夹钱夹 pocket-book钱包钱包purse n小钱包，小钱夹小钱包，小钱夹 savings n储金，存款，储蓄额（通常只银行储金，存款，储蓄额（通常只银行存款）存款）My entire savings amount to总合总合 only l00 dollars. nta 我的全部存款只有一百美元。我的全部存款只有一百美元。He used his savings to buy the bike .saving back 储蓄银行（只办有利息存款的银行）储蓄银行（只办有利息存款的银行

5、） villager n村民，乡村居民村民，乡村居民village1) n村，村庄（有教堂）村，村庄（有教堂） town2) adj村庄的村庄的a fishing village 渔村渔村a farming village 农村农村village life 乡村生活乡村生活the village 村民（集合说法）村民（集合说法）The whole village is going to welcome the foreigner. percent 每百；百分每百；百分.的的seven percent 百分之七百分之七More than 40 percent of the students we

6、ar glasses.有超过百分之有超过百分之40的学生带眼镜。的学生带眼镜。I am 100 percent in agreement .我百分之百同意。我百分之百同意。I m 100 percent honest 我现在百分之一百诚实了我现在百分之一百诚实了three percent 百分之三百分之三a fifty percent increase in price 价格上涨了价格上涨了50%steal为偷。为偷。rob为抢。为抢。steal其后接物其后接物+from+某人、某地某人、某地，steal sth. from sb.steal sth. from somewhereA thie

7、f broke into the building last night and stole some money from the safe.闯入闯入rob其后接人其后接人+of+抢的物品抢的物品 rob sb. of sth.rob后接场所后接场所rob a building 抢大楼抢大楼(场所场所)rob a bank抢银行抢银行rob a house抢房子抢房子Two thieves attacked him last night and robbed him of all his money. tk 攻击The police have caught the men who robbe

8、d the bank.TEXT The whole village soon learnt that a large sum of money had been lost. Sam Benton, the local butcher, had lost his wallet while taking his savings to the post office. Sam was sure that the wallet must have been found by one of the villagers, but it was not returned to him. Three mont

9、hs passed, and then one morning, Sam found his wallet outside his front door. It had been wrapped up in newspaper and it contained half the money he had lost, together with a note which said: A thief, yes, but only 50 percent a thief! Two months later, some more money was sent to Sam with another no

10、te: Only 25 percent a thief now! In time, all Sams money was paid back in this way. The last note said: I am 100 per cent honest now!整个村子很快知道，有一大笔钱丢失了。整个村子很快知道，有一大笔钱丢失了。当地的屠户萨姆当地的屠户萨姆.本顿在把存款送往邮局的途中把钱包丢本顿在把存款送往邮局的途中把钱包丢了。了。萨姆确信那钱包一定是被某个村民捡到了，可是却不见有萨姆确信那钱包一定是被某个村民捡到了，可是却不见有人来送还给他。人来送还给他。3个月过去了，后来在一天早晨

11、，萨姆在自己的大门外发个月过去了，后来在一天早晨，萨姆在自己的大门外发现了他的钱包。现了他的钱包。钱包是用报纸包着的，里面有他丢失的钱的一半，而且还钱包是用报纸包着的，里面有他丢失的钱的一半，而且还附着一张纸条，上面写着：附着一张纸条，上面写着：“一个小偷，是的，但只是一个小偷，是的，但只是一个一个50%的小偷！的小偷！”又过了两个月，又有一些钱送还给了萨姆，又附了一张字又过了两个月，又有一些钱送还给了萨姆，又附了一张字条：条：“这回只是这回只是25%的小偷了！的小偷了！”很快，萨姆全部的钱都用同样的方式还了回来。很快，萨姆全部的钱都用同样的方式还了回来。最后的那张字条上写道：最后的那张字条上

12、写道：“我现在是一个我现在是一个100%的诚实人的诚实人了！了！” The whole village soon learnt that a large sum of money had been lost. Someone had lost a large sum of money A large sum of money 一大笔钱一大笔钱a small sum of money 一小笔钱一小笔钱He paid an enormous sum for the painting by Turner. nms 他花了一大笔钱买透纳的画。他花了一大笔钱买透纳的画。Sam Benton, the l

13、ocal butcher, had lost his wallet while taking his savings to the post office. butcher1)n屠夫；肉商屠夫；肉商the butcher s肉铺；肉店肉铺；肉店2) v，屠杀（动物），残杀（人），屠杀（动物），残杀（人）while引导的从句主语与主句主语相同故可以省略引导的从句主语与主句主语相同故可以省略while he was taking his saving to the post office.Sam was sure that the wallet must have been found by on

14、e of the villagers, but it was not returned to him. Three months passed, and then one morning, Sam found his wallet outside his front door. find + n + adj发现发现.为为.I found my cat asleep in my bed.After a long search, we found the boy safe and sound.经过长时间的搜索，我们发现这个孩子安然无恙。经过长时间的搜索，我们发现这个孩子安然无恙。find +n.十

15、十 adv. /prep.Cherry trees are found in most parts of Japan.樱桃树在日本的大多数地方都能发现。樱桃树在日本的大多数地方都能发现。It had been wrapped up in newspaper and it contained half the money he had lost, together with a note which said: A thief, yes, but only 50 percent a thief! wrapl)v包包,裹裹(wrapped, wrapped)The girl wrapped up

16、her Christmas gift.He wrapped himself up in a blanket.毯子毯子2)把把.缠绕，把缠绕，把披在披在She wrapped a bath towel around the baby.be wrapped up in 全神贯注于全神贯注于half -半半1) half，all，both均称为前限定词，位于其他限定词之前均称为前限定词，位于其他限定词之前(my，her，these，those等）之前，这时等）之前，这时of可省略。可省略。She spends half (of) her time travelling.2)代词之前始终用代词之前始终

17、用half ofOnly half of us could come last night.3)在度量衡前在度量衡前half从不带从不带ofMy old home is about half a mile from here.Two months later, some more money was sent to Sam with another note: Only 25 percent a thief now! In time, all Sams money was paid back in this way. The last note said: I am 100 percent h

18、onest now!in time 终于终于2)來得及來得及I was just in time for the flight.我刚刚来得及赶上航班。我刚刚来得及赶上航班。3)不久，总有一天，终于不久，总有一天，终于Ill see him in time我总有一天会见到他的。我总有一天会见到他的。pay back 1)还钱还钱All Sam s money was paid back萨姆所有的钱被还了回来。萨姆所有的钱被还了回来。相当于相当于It was repaid钱被还了回来钱被还了回来 repay的过去分词 2)报复，复仇报复，复仇I II pay you back for what y

19、ou did to me.in this way用这种方式用这种方式 in that way用那种方式用那种方式 in a way某种意义某种意义1)在某一方面来说：在某种意义上在某一方面来说：在某种意义上 You re correct in a way2)有点，有几分有点，有几分 She is stranger in a way.关键句型关键句型 Key Structures1)am/is/are +done 一般现在时一般现在时2) has /have been done 现在完成时现在完成时 3)am/is /are being done 现在进行时现在进行时 4)was/were do

20、ne 一般过去时一般过去时 5)had been done 过去完成时过去完成时 6)was/were being done 过去进行时过去进行时 7)shall/will be done 一般将来时一般将来时8)should/would be done 过去将来时过去将来时带情态动词的被动结构带情态动词的被动结构其形式为：情态动词其形式为：情态动词be过去分词。过去分词。1.把主动语态变为被动语态时，应保留主动语态原把主动语态变为被动语态时，应保留主动语态原来的时态。来的时态。She often cleans the house.The house is often cleaned by h

21、er.2.有些动词可以有双宾语，在用于被动结构时，有些动词可以有双宾语，在用于被动结构时，通常变为主语的是间接宾语（通常变为主语的是间接宾语（sb.）His mother gave him a present for his birthday.He was given a present by his mother for his birthday.3) 当当“动词动词+宾语宾语+宾语补足语宾语补足语”结构变为被动语结构变为被动语态时，态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动.Someone caught the boy smoking a cigaret

22、te(香烟）香烟）=The boy was caught smoking a cigarette.4）在使役动词）在使役动词have, make, get以及以及感官动词感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等变为被动结构时，要加等变为被动结构时，要加toSomeone saw a stranger walk into the building=A stranger was seen to walk into the building.5) 有些相当于及物动词的有些相当于及物动词的动词词组动词词组，如如“动词介词动词介词”，“动词副词动词副词”等

23、，等，也可以用于被动结构，也可以用于被动结构，但要把它们看作一个整体，但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能省略。其中的介词或副词也不能省略。 The meeting is to be put off till Friday.一、系动词一、系动词 taste, smell, feel, sound等可用主动形式表达被动意义。如等可用主动形式表达被动意义。如:1这些花闻起来很香。这些花闻起来很香。2那听起来很有道理。那听起来很有道理。3那食物尝起来很可口。那食物尝起来很可口。These flowers smell sweet.That sounds very reaso

24、nable. The food tastes delicious.二、某些与二、某些与 cant wont 等连用的不及物动等连用的不及物动词，如词，如move, lock, shut, open 等可用主动等可用主动形式表达被动意义。如：形式表达被动意义。如：1盒子不能移动。盒子不能移动。2门不会关。门不会关。The box cant move.The door wont shut.三、某些可用来表示主语内在品质或性能三、某些可用来表示主语内在品质或性能的不及物动词，如的不及物动词，如 sell, write, wash, clean,last(耐久耐久), wear(耐穿耐穿), 等可用主

25、动形式表等可用主动形式表达被动意义达被动意义. 如如:This kind of food sells well. 这种食物畅销。这种食物畅销。This cloth washes well and lasts long. 这布料经洗、耐穿。这布料经洗、耐穿。The floor doesnt clean easily. 这地板不容易弄干净。这地板不容易弄干净。四、在动词四、在动词 need, want 等动词之后，可用动名词等动词之后，可用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。的主动形式表示被动意义。1树需要浇水。树需要浇水。2孩子需要照顾。孩子需要照顾。3电视机需要修理。电视机需要修理。The tree

26、s need watering. Children want looking after.The TV needs mending.五、形容词五、形容词 worth 后面要用动名词的主后面要用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。如：动形式表示被动意义。如：1小说值得一读。小说值得一读。2事情值得做。事情值得做。The novel is worth reading.The thing is worth doing.六、动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义：六、动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义：1. 不定式作定语与被修饰的名词或代词构成不定式作定语与被修饰的名词或代词构成动宾关系时，如：动宾关系时，如：我有

27、许多事情要做。我有许多事情要做。他有几项任务要完成。他有几项任务要完成。I have a lot of things to do.He has several tasks to complete.课堂练习课堂练习（一）改写句子（一）改写句子1. We plant trees in spring every year. _ by us in spring every year.2. She posted the letter yesterday. _ by her yesterday.3. Mr Turner gave me a birthday present. _a birthday pre

28、sent by Mr Turner.4. He is drawing a picture. _ by him.5. You may hand in your homework tomorrow. _ by you tomorrow.6. She is going to write a letter. _ by her.Trees are plantedThe letter was postedI was givenA picture is being drawnYour homework may be handed inA letter is going to be written7. I h

29、ave given you the new book. _ to you.8. Her bag cannot be found by her. _ her bag.9. Do you often hear her sing Russian songs? _Russian songs by you?10. She doesnt let her son swim in the river. _ in the river by her.11. The bridge was being built by them at this time last year. _ the bridge at this time last year.12. Does she often sing the song? _ by her?The new book has been givenShe cannot findIs she often heard to singHer son isnt let to swimThey were buildingIs the song often sung将下列句子转化成被动语态将下列句子转化成被动语态1. Someone has prepared a meal for you有