非谓语做主宾表

1、非谓语动词讲义三根据语法功能看非谓语动词的用法（二）作主语不定式To know sth about English is one thing; To know English is quite another 懂一点英语是一回事，掌握英语完全是另一回事。通常用it做形式主语1. It + be + adj. + to do Its important for us to learn English.2. It + be + n. + to do Its a shame to behave like that.3. It + v. + (宾语) + to do It takes an excep

2、tional teacher to cope with a student like that.4. It + be + prep. phr. + to do It is not within my power to answer the question.动名词Finding work is difficult these days. 通常用it做形式主语 1. Its +adj. +doing Its useless arguing about that.2. Its + n. + doing Its no use/no good arguing about that.3. There i

3、s后有时可以跟动名词做主语 There is no denying that he is bad-tempered.注： 动名词：表示客观性、一般性的行为 不定式：表示一次性、具体性的行为（三）作宾语不定式下列动词只能用不定式做宾语决心学会想希望， decide/determine, learn, want, expect/hope/wish, 拒绝设法愿假装。 refuse, manage, care, pretend主动应答选计划， offer, promise, choose, plan 同意请求帮一帮。 agree, ask/ beg, help此外，afford等也要不定式作宾语。动

4、名词下列动词只能用动名词做宾语考虑建议盼原谅 consider, suggest/advise, look forward to, excuse/pardon承认推迟禁想象 admit, delay/put off, forbid, imagine避免错过继续练 avoid, miss, keep/keep on, practice否认完成险欣赏 deny, finish, risk，enjoy/appreciate不禁介意准逃亡 cant help, mind, allow/permit, escape此外 be/get used to, look forward to, lead to,

5、devote to, stick to, object to, get down to, pay attention to, cant stand，give up, feel like, insist on, put off, thank you for, apologize for, be busy(in), have difficulty/trouble(in), have a good/wonderful/hard time(in)等动词词组也要用动名词作宾语下列动词词组既可以接动名词作宾语，也可以接不定式做宾语，但意义上与区别：to dodoingremember记住去做记得做过了某事

6、forget忘记要做某事忘记做了regret遗憾后悔stop停下来去做（另一件事）停止做某事try尽力去做某事试着做某事mean想要做某事意味着做了某事go on接着做（另外一件事）继续做某事cant help不能帮助做某事情不自禁（四）作表语不定式不定式做表语解释主语内容，且可以和主语颠倒，意思仍然通顺。表示一次性、具体性的行为。Our job today is to clean the office.(=To clean the office is our job today.)分词分词做表语表明主语的性质、特征和状态，不能和主语颠倒，可以回答how的问题。The news is very

7、 exciting. (How is the news?) The children are well dressed these days.动名词动名词做表语解释主语内容，且可以和主语颠倒，意思仍然通顺，回答what的问题。表示经常性、一般性的行为。Her job is cleaning offices. (What is her job?) (Cleaning offices is her job.)【习题】1. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains _ whether they

8、will enjoy it. A. to see B. to be seen C. seeing D. seen2. Tony was very unhappy for _ to the party.A. having not been invited B. not having invited C. having not invited D. not having been invited3. What worried the child most was _ to visit his mother in the hospital.A. his not allowing B. his not

9、 being allowed C. his being not allowed D. having not been allowed4. While shopping, people sometimes cant help _ into buying something they dont really need. A. to persuade B. persuading C. being persuaded D. be persuaded5. She looks forward every spring to _ the flower-lined garden.A. visit B. pay

10、ing a visit C. walk in D. walking in6. As I will be away for at least a year, Id appreciate _ from you now and then _ me how everyone is getting along.A. hearing; tell B. to hear; tell C. hearing; telling D. to hear; to tell7. No one had told Smith about _ a lecture the following day.A. there being

11、B. there be C. there would be D. there was8. He kept putting his dream to the test-even though it meant_ with uncertainty and fear of failure. A. living B. to live C. to be living D. having been lived9. The foreign friends you referred to _ looking forward to _ around you university.A. are, being sh

12、own B. being, being shown C. being, showing D. are, be shown10. You can never imagine what great trouble I have had _ the patient who received a serious wound. A. treat B. to treat C. treating D. treated11. I was made to write a letter in English, but I dont know_.A. what to write about B. how to be

13、gin with C. how to write about D. what to begin12. I would love _ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.A. to go B. to have gone C. going D. having gone13. -You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting. - Well, now I regret _ that.A. to do B. to be doin

14、g C. to have done D. having done14. The mother asked her daughter not to delay _ the paper.A. handing in B. to hand in C. hand in D. having handed in 15. It is impossible for anyone_ these photographs before, because Mr. Newman had them developed today. A. having seen B. to have seen C. to see D. se

15、eing16. -Who are you waiting for? - _ the man wounded in he left leg.A. The doctor will operate on B. The nurse to be looked afterC. The doctor to operate on D. The nurse will look after17. - My flat needs _. - Would you like me _ it for you?A. to clean, to do B. cleaning, doing C. cleaning, to do D

16、. by looking for it18. He thought it no good _ me know it. A. make B. to let C. letting D. permitting19. -What did you mean by saying that? - I mean no harm, I only _.A. meant helping B. want to help C. meant to help D. want helping20. I never expected the shoes_.A. wearing out B. to be worn out C.

17、to have worn out D. being worn out21. Something as simple as _ some cold water may clear your mind and relieve pressure.A. to drink B. drinking C. to be drinking D. drunk22. Mark often attempts to escape _ whenever he breaks traffic regulations.A. having been fined B. to be fined C. to have been fin

18、ed D. being fined23. - When did you go to the States? - I remember _ there when I was ten.A.having taken B. to be taken C. being taken D. to take24. He hasnt got used _ in the countryside yet.A. live B. to live C. to living D. living25. I regret you that we are unable to offer you employment.A. info

19、rming B. having informed C. to inform D. to informing26. The teacher told the students to stop to him.A. to write and listen B. writing and listening C. to write and listening D. writing and to listen27. Does your shirt require _, sir?A. being pressed B. to press C. to be pressed D. to be pressing28

20、. I begin _ the meaning, which begins _.A. understanding, to be clear B. to understand, to be clearC. understanding, being clear D. to understand, being clear29. I really cant understand _ her like that.A. you treat B. you to treat C. why treat D. you treating30. Your hair wants _. Youd better have

21、it done tomorrow.A. cut B. cutting C. to cut D. being cut31. People appreciate _ with him because he has a good sense of humor.A. to work B. to have worked C. working D. having worked32. The squirrel was lucky that it just missed _.A. being caught B. catching C. to be caught D. to catch33. As a youn

22、g man from a rich family, can you imagine _ in such a small and dirty place? A. to work B. yourself to work C. working D. work34. We should keep _ English every day.A.to practise speaking B. practise speaking C. practising speaking D. practising to speak 35. -Have you considered _ the job as a teach

23、er? -Yes. I like it because a teacher is often considered _ a gardener.A. to take; to be B. to take; being C. taking; being D. taking; to be36. Anne never dreams of _ for her to be sent abroad very soon.A. there being a chance B. there to be a chance C. there be a chance D. being a chance37. In some

24、 parts of London, missing a bus means_ for another hour.A. waiting B. to wait C. wait D. to be waiting38. On Sundays I prefer _at home to _out.A. to stay; go B. staying; go C. staying; going D. to stay; going39. I didnt go to the evening party because they forgot me about it. A. tell B. telling C. t

25、o tell D. to be told40. Do you consider it any good _ again?”A. to try B. try C. trying D. for you to try41. I dont want _ like Im speaking ill of anybody, but the managers plan is unfair. A. to sound B. to be sounded C. sounding D. to have sounded 42. I think youll grow _ him when you know him bett

26、er. A. liking B. to be like C. to likeD. to be liking 43. - Can I smoke here? - Sorry, we dont allow _ in the office.A. smoke B. to smoke C. smoking D. smoked44. Isnt it time you got down to_ the papers? A. mark B. be marked C. being marked D. marking45. If you think that treating a woman well means

27、 always _her permission for things, think again. A. gets B. got C. to get D. getting46. At the beginning of class, the noise of desks _could be heard outside the classroom. A. opened and closed B. to be opened and closedC. being opened and closed D. to open and close 47. Because of sound _ by the ai

28、r, there can be no noise on the moon.A. carrying B. being carried C. carried D. to carry48. _ all over the hills and around the lake are wild flowers of different kinds.A. To grow B. Growing C. Grown D. Grow49. -Whats made Tommy so upset? -I believe _ the game. It shocked him so much.A. for losing B

29、. lost C. losing D. because of losing50. I hear theyve promoted Tom, but he didnt mention _ when we talked on the phone.A. to promote B. having been promoted C. having promoted D. to be promoted51. _ basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies.A. Known B. Having known C.

30、Knowing D. Being known52. Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and _ to ruins, the city took on a new look. A. reducing B. reduced C. being reduced D. having reduced53. _how others react to the book you have just read creates an added pleasure.A. Hearing B. Hear C. Having heard D. To be hearing54. - It snowed heavily last night and there must be a lot of snow on Emei Mountain.- No, we found a little snow, as most of it seemed _ off the mountain.A. to hav