高中英语主谓一致

1、主谓一致主谓一致是指是指主语主语要和要和谓语动词谓语动词保持保持人称人称和和数数的一致。的一致。主谓一致主要有以下几种情况：主谓一致主要有以下几种情况： 语法一致是指句子的语法一致是指句子的主语和谓语主语和谓语在在语法形式语法形式上一致，即谓语动词的单复数上一致，即谓语动词的单复数形式依主语的单复数形式而定。形式依主语的单复数形式而定。主语为主语为单数时谓语动词用单数，主语为复数时单数时谓语动词用单数，主语为复数时谓语动词也用复数。谓语动词也用复数。1. 如果主语是如果主语是不定式不定式, 动词动词ing形式形式或或主语主语从句从句的时候的时候, 谓语动词用单数。谓语动词用单数。 What h

2、e is doing seems very important. 他正在做的事情看起来很重要。他正在做的事情看起来很重要。 Collecting stamps is his hobby. 收集邮票是他的爱好。收集邮票是他的爱好。 To do the work/job well is not easy. 把这份工作做好不容易。把这份工作做好不容易。2. 复合不定代词复合不定代词作主语作主语, 谓语动词要用谓语动词要用单单数数，如，如 someone, somebody, something, anybody, anyone, anything, everybody, everyone, ever

3、ything, nobody, no one, nothing 等。等。 Something is wrong with my watch. Nobody has come here. Everything is ready.3. and连接连接两个或两个以上单数名词两个或两个以上单数名词或者或者代代词词作主语的时候作主语的时候, 谓语动词有以下两种情谓语动词有以下两种情况：况：1) 如果指两个或两个以上如果指两个或两个以上不同不同的人或事的人或事 物的时候物的时候, 谓语动词用谓语动词用复数复数。 He and I _ both students of this school. 我和他都是这

4、个学校的学生。我和他都是这个学校的学生。 Both rice and wheat_ grown in china.areare The singer and dancer _ going to give us a performance. 那个歌唱家兼舞蹈演员要给我们表演。那个歌唱家兼舞蹈演员要给我们表演。 The knife and fork _ on the table. 刀叉在桌子上。刀叉在桌子上。 isis2) 但如果连接两个以上的名词指的是同但如果连接两个以上的名词指的是同 一个人或物一个人或物, 或者指或者指同一概念同一概念的时候的时候, 谓语要用谓语要用单数单数。 4.两个两个并

5、列名词并列名词有有 each, every, no, many a 等修饰语时，谓语动词一般用等修饰语时，谓语动词一般用单数单数。 Every doctor and (every) nurse was given a new shirt. Each boy and (each) girl was given a book.No sound and no voice is heard.Many a boy and (many a ) girl has made the same mistakes.5. Each of / either of / one of + n v单数单数Either of

6、 you is going to Beijing tomorrow.One of the boys was lost.男孩子当中有一个丢失了。男孩子当中有一个丢失了。6. many a / more than one + n单数单数 v单数单数More than one student has turned up at the netbar.Many a girl wears a dress today. 注意事项：注意事项：1.What 引导主语从句，引导主语从句，V 有时根据其后有时根据其后 n 确定确定What we need is money.What we need are book

7、s.2.Neither / none of +可数可数 n/pron V可单可复可单可复None of them _ arrived yet.Neither of the boys _the answer.但是修饰但是修饰不可数不可数 n V单数单数 None of the money is mine. 这些钱都不是我的。这些钱都不是我的。 has/haveknow/knows 3. some, all, most, a lot of / lots of, the rest of(剩剩下的下的), half of, part of, majority of (大多数）大多数）, percent

8、 of, one third of 等在句子中加等在句子中加名词名词作作主主语语的时候的时候, 谓语动词与谓语动词与of后面的名词后面的名词保持一致。保持一致。 All of the apples _ rotten.所有的苹果都烂了所有的苹果都烂了。 All of the apple _ rotten. 整个苹果都烂了整个苹果都烂了。 are isHalf of the students _ finished theircomposition.一半的学生已经完成了他们的作文。一半的学生已经完成了他们的作文。About 60 percent of the students in our scho

9、ol _ boys. (water; two thirds) are have4. 定语从句定语从句的关系代词的关系代词 who, which, that在在从句从句中作中作主语主语时，定语从句中的谓语动词要与时，定语从句中的谓语动词要与先行先行词的人称和数词的人称和数保持一致。保持一致。Those who enjoy singing may join us.I know the man who_ standing there.We have been to the places which_very popular.John is one of the boys who_ good at p

10、laying computersJohn is the only one of the students who_ is are is are 意义一致原则是指谓语动词和主语一致意义一致原则是指谓语动词和主语一致不是取决于主语的不是取决于主语的语法语法形式形式, 而是其而是其实实际意义际意义。有的主语名词在形式上是单数有的主语名词在形式上是单数, 但在意义上却是复数；有的主语名词在但在意义上却是复数；有的主语名词在形式上是复数形式上是复数, 但在意义上却是单数。但在意义上却是单数。1.集体名词集体名词作主语作主语, 动词可以用动词可以用单数单数, 也可以用也可以用复数复数。由。由句子的意思句子

11、的意思决定。强调决定。强调整体整体谓语动词用谓语动词用单数单数；指；指全体全体人员人员时时, 动词则用动词则用复数复数。常见的集体名词有。常见的集体名词有public, family, class, crowd, population, team, group, government, audience, club, crew (全体船员全体船员), army 等。等。Our group are all going to visit them in the forest.Our group is going to be very tired and dirty by the afternoon

12、.His family _ going out. 他们全家要外出。他们全家要外出。His family _ all music lovers. 他们全家人都是音乐他们全家人都是音乐爱好者。爱好者。 isare2. 某些名词如某些名词如people, police, cattle等等, 形形式上是单数式上是单数, 但意义上是复数但意义上是复数, 谓语动谓语动词应用词应用复数复数。people指指“民族民族”时是例时是例外。外。 The police _ searching for a thief. The cattle _ eating grass on the hill.areare3. 表示

13、表示时间，金钱，距离，重量时间，金钱，距离，重量等复数名词，等复数名词，在表示在表示单位数量作主语单位数量作主语时，通常被看作时，通常被看作整体整体，谓语动词用谓语动词用单数单数。Sixty years is a long time.Ten dollars is enough for him.Three thousand miles is a long distance.Fifty kilograms is not too heavy to be carried. 如果强调数目，谓语动词用复数如果强调数目，谓语动词用复数 More than fifty years have passed si

14、nce they got married.4. 某些表示某些表示学科，书籍，电影，报刊杂志学科，书籍，电影，报刊杂志等等名词以名词以s结尾如结尾如 maths, politics, physics, news, The Times (泰晤士报泰晤士报)等等, 谓语动词应用谓语动词应用单数单数。Roots is a famous American novel.Physics is a very interesting subject. 物理是一门很有趣的学科。物理是一门很有趣的学科。 The New Yorks Times _ (be) first publishedin the early 1

15、860s.5. The + adj. 表示表示一类人，谓语动词复数。一类人，谓语动词复数。The old are taken good care of in China.老年人在中国被照顾得很好。老年人在中国被照顾得很好。was6. 某些名词如某些名词如trousers, shoes, socks glasses, scissors等等成双成对成双成对出现时出现时, 通常只用其通常只用其复数复数形式形式, 但当它们被但当它们被a/the pair of 等量词等量词修饰修饰时时, 谓语动词用单数。谓语动词用单数。My shoes_ beautiful.The pair of shoes _ w

16、orn out. 这双鞋破了。这双鞋破了。Two pairs of shoes_ under the bed. isareare注意事项：注意事项：1. The kind of apples sells well. Men of the kind are dangerous.(the kind+名词，放前放后中心词不一样，谓语动词名词，放前放后中心词不一样，谓语动词不一样。不一样。2. 以以a number of 作主语时作主语时, 谓语动词用谓语动词用复数复数; 以以the number of 作主语时作主语时, 谓语动词用谓语动词用单数单数。A number of new books _

17、on the desk.The number of students in you class _ 50.3. a large amount of / large amounts of 均修饰均修饰不可数名词，不可数名词，V 前单数，前单数，V 后复数后复数areis4. a (large) quantity of (大量的）大量的） 修饰可数或不可数修饰可数或不可数名词名词, 其短语作主语时其短语作主语时, 谓语动词用谓语动词用单数。单数。（large） quantities of 修饰可数或不可数名词修饰可数或不可数名词, 其短其短语作主语时语作主语时, 谓语动词一般用谓语动词一般用复数。

18、复数。如如:A large quantity of people/money is needed here.Quantities of food (nuts) were on the table.A large amount of damage _（be) done in a very short time.Large amounts of money _ (be) spent on the bridge.waswere5. 单复数同形的单词单复数同形的单词 如如 means, deer, fish, sheep, Chinese, Japanese等，根据等，根据具体含义具体含义判断谓语判断

19、谓语动词单复数。动词单复数。Every possible means _ (try). All possible means _. (try) has been triedhave been tried就近一致是指谓语动词的就近一致是指谓语动词的人称和数人称和数与它与它最邻近最邻近的名词或代词的名词或代词保持一致。保持一致。 1. or; either . or; neither . nor; not only . but also, whether.or 在句子中连接主语的时候或者在在句子中连接主语的时候或者在there be句型句型或者或者here倒装句倒装句中中, 谓语动词要和就谓语动词

20、要和就近的主语保持一致。近的主语保持一致。 Either you or I _ (be) wrong.Not only the students but also the teacher _(wish) for a holiday. (There be)Here _ the bus. / Here _the children. (加）加）amwishscomescome如果句子中有这些连接词如果句子中有这些连接词(with, along with, together with, as well as, including, like,such as, rather than, besides,

21、 except, but, in addition to)和和主语主语连用连用, 谓语动谓语动词不受修饰成分的影响，和词不受修饰成分的影响，和最前面主语保持一致最前面主语保持一致。 The teacher, together with his students, is planting trees in the street. 老师和他的学生们正在街上植树。老师和他的学生们正在街上植树。The girl as well as the boys_ (learn) to drive a car.这姑娘和男孩子们一道，这姑娘和男孩子们一道，学会学会了开车。了开车。has learnedThe dri

22、ver rather than you_ (be) responsible for the accident.All students including/except you _ (has/have) done a good job.Poets such as Shakespeare _ (be) quite popular.haveisareHelp Xiaoshun choose the correct verb form in this letter.Dear Xiaoyu, I think everyone _ (is/ are) settled in London, althoug

23、h neither the weather nor the food _ (is/ are) good. Either rain or snow fell ever day this week but everybody _ (has/ have) tried to ignore it.isishasMy friends and my mother _ (has/ have) visited almost all the museums in London. None of them _ (carry/ carries) an umbrella but nobody _ (has/ have) let that affect their activities. W