GPS测量实习报告

1、GPS测量实习报告姓名 学号专业测绘工程班级实习课程名称指导教师开课学期至学年 学期目录1作业过程21.1 GPS静态测量 21.2三等水准测量 21.3 RTK 测量 31.4 土地利用现状调查 32平差报告42.1点连式三维自由网平差报告 42.2边点混合式三维自由网平差报告 112.3高差赋配表 213 RTK测量结果224 土地利用调差图斑分割结果235实习心得 241 作业过程 1.1 GPS 静态测量GPS静态测量首先要选点并布设网型，点要选在开阔、无遮挡物、 无电磁波干扰、 交通方便的地方， 以保证对卫星的连续跟踪观测和卫 星信号的质量，并且便于以后的观测作业和应用。GPS网的布

2、设应尽量覆盖整个测区，不要过密或者过疏，GPS网三条边边长应相差不大， 夹角应介于25度到135度之间。在保证质量的前提下，GPS网设计 应尽可能地提高效率、降低成本。接下来就是进行外业观测， 实习中我们采用同步观测相对定位的 方法，三台接收机同步观测采集数据，观测时间为 40 分钟，按预先 设定的GPS网依次推进。安置仪器是应注意将仪器安置在测量点上， 高度适中， 踏实脚架再对中整平， 量取天线高时量测点位表面到天线 护圈中心的高度。 接收机正常工作后不能触动仪器， 也不能在仪器旁 使用对讲机和手机，避免无线电干扰卫星信号。 外业观测完成后将对采集到的数据进行内业处理， 实习过程中我们采 用

3、HGO件进行基线解算。1.2 三等水准测量三等水准测量我们沿 GPS 网点布设附合水准路线，测量时应注 意安置水准仪的测站至前、 后视立尺点的距离要量距使其相等， 每站 按规范读数并记录所需数据， 随即进行各项计算， 填写记录表进行各 项检查，满足限差后才能搬站。依次设站，用相同的方法进行观测，直至线路终点， 计算线路的高差闭合差。 测量工作完成后进行平差计 算。1.3 RTK 测量RTK测量时应将基准站接收机架设在开阔并且相对较高的地方， 架设好电台和天线后连接电缆并开机，启动基准站后用手部与其连 接，在手部中新建项目并配置坐标系，然后再回到主界面选择平滑， 设置电文模式、差分模式和天线高。

4、再将手部与移动站连接，回到主 界面设置数据， 与连接基准站的数据一样。 设置完成后即可选择两个 已知点进行基线解算， 解算合格后就可以移动移动站进行测量。 测量 完成后可将数据导出进行内业处理。1.4 土地利用现状调查 土地利用现状调查需要预先准备调查范围的遥感影像， 通过目视 判读影像在图中选取分布均匀、遍布全区的特征点，利用 RTK 测量 方法对选取的特征点进行测量，再根据测量的数据遥感影像的矫正， 导出高分辨率图像。 在南方 CASS 中打开矫正后的图像， 选取特征点 对影像进行配准，完成影像配准后，选择主菜单中的土地利用 / 图斑 / 绘制图斑，在图上，通过目视判别把同一类地物沿边界画

5、出来，完 成土地利用分类。 然后带着导出的图像到实地考察， 对不合理的地方 进行标注，回来后又更改修正。2平差报告2.1点连式三维自由网平差报告基线条数：33平差点数:23基线标准差置信度（松弛因子）:10.00 bTau检验显著水平:1.00%单位权中误差比：0.0359x2检验值:1.1855x2 理论范围：15.8154-57.6484x2检验结果：False1. 输入的基线及标准差基线名TauDX(m)DY(m)DZ(m)中误差_DX(mm)中误差_DY(mm)中误差_DZ(mm)GP011704.zsd-GP021704.zsd是108.913094.7551-145.75283.7

6、8.93.7GP011704.zsd-GP031704.zsd是-46.6423190.3057-400.36044.06.94.0GP021704.zsd-GP031704.zsd是-155.554995.5557-254.60734.310.44.1GP021703.zsd-GP041703.zsd是-85.3398121.2559-276.75744.97.93.9GP021703.zsd-GP061703.zsd是230.718674.1729-44.30856.811.05.5GP041703.zsd-GP061703.zsd是316.0573-47.0819232.44708.01

7、2.66.1GP051700.zsd-GP101700.zsd是186.7755-60.4488206.89056.410.56.3GP051700.zsd-GP111700.zsd是259.5248142.2241-169.15295.37.85.2GP061701.zsd-GP071701.zsd是7.0769-73.0513151.826213.223.611.3GP061701.zsd-GP101701.zsd是156.8082-14.305397.12216.712.95.8GP071701.zsd-GP101701.zsd是149.734358.7479-54.699313.521

8、.810.5GP081702.zsd-GP091702.zsd是120.508122.84025.40614.47.34.8GP081702.zsd-GP101702.zsd是79.404876.2856-122.181011.218.612.8GP091702.zsd-GP101702.zsd是-41.099253.4495-127.58987.311.57.8GP101700.zsd-GP111700.zsd是72.7465202.6760-376.04253.46.53.7GP111692.zsd-GP121692.zsd是140.244355.1666-54.62356.67.98.2

9、GP111692.zsd-GP151692.zsd是439.3382-14.0932218.99416.27.45.9GP121692.zsd-GP151692.zsd是299.0987-69.2627273.615610.812.412.5GP131680.zsd-GP161681.zsd是202.422665.5500-42.945010.416.112.2GP131680.zsd-GP231680.zsd是283.7694176.7850-237.265810.716.613.6GP141686.zsd-GP151685.zsd是65.3892-55.3699143.69745.79.8

10、7.8GP141686.zsd-GP171685.zsd是209.510118.754461.95417.716.011.6GP151685.zsd-GP171685.zsd是144.118874.1230-81.74346.513.610.0GP161681.zsd-GP231680.zsd是81.3428111.2331-194.32089.514.912.0GP171683.zsd-GP181684.zsd是215.090449.51831.12469.115.17.6GP171683.zsd-GP191683.zsd是283.1554-8.3945150.13706.912.36.1G

11、P181684.zsd-GP191683.zsd是68.0619-57.9101149.01338.013.97.1GP181683.zsd-GP201682.zsd是267.129953.000916.334513.325.115.3GP181683.zsd-GP211682.zsd是210.9570104.3856-117.004810.720.112.2GP201682.zsd-GP211682.zsd是-56.167651.3804-133.341714.832.720.7GP211681.zsd-GP221682.zsd是-288.6524102.3250-358.031914.83

12、1.915.1GP211681.zsd-GP231681.zsd是-444.900442.7800-303.524813.026.513.8GP221682.zsd-GP231681.zsd是-156.2461-59.549754.502420.243.024.02. 控制点坐标3. 平差后的基线及标准差基线名TauDX(m)DY(m)DZ(m)中误差_DX(mm)中误差_DY(mm)中误差_DZ(mm)长度(m)相对误差GP011704.zsd-GP021704是108.91394.756-145.750.61.40.6205.141:1283.zsd28265771GP011704.zsd

13、-GP031704是-46.642190.30-400.360.61.10.6445.731:3135.zsd249035223GP021704.zsd-GP03170是-155.5595.558-254.600.61.40.6313.291:18564.zsd461714464GP021703.zsd-GP04170是-85.340121.25-276.750.81.30.7313.971:18163.zsd060785820GP021703.zsd-GP06170是230.71874.172-44.3071.01.70.8246.361:115393.zsd968563GP041703.z

14、sd-GP06170是316.056-47.081232.4461.11.70.9395.141:17753.zsd9215276GP051700.zsd-GP10170是186.774-60.447206.8910.91.40.8285.201:15550.zsd1205776GP051700.zsd-GP111700是259.525142.22-169.150.81.20.8340.871:2020.zsd830332295GP061701.zsd-GP07170是7.0778-73.049151.8281.93.31.6168.631:41531.zsd53625GP211681.zsd

15、-GP221682.zsdG P201682. zsd-GP211682.zsdGP181683.zsd-GP211682.zsdGP181683.zsd-GP201682. zsd3 G NP3 G NPGP161681.zsd-GP23168O.zsd5GNPUP5GNPUP_k5GNPUP_kGP131680.zsd-GP23168O.zsdGP131680.zsd-GP16168l.zsdpszz69M9-PSZZ69尢29GP111692.zsd-GP151692.zsdGP111692.zsd-GP121692.zsdGP101700.zsd-GP111700.zsdGP09170

16、2.zsd-GP101702. zsdGP081702.zsd-GP101702. zsdGP081702.zsd-GP091702. zsdGP071701.zsd-GP10170l.zsdGP061701.zsd-GP10170l.zsd-288.65 Lj00 &6 2267.132 L68.06082 2215.089 L81.34162 O2o72O 25224372.74613 bn6 3O1102.32O5104.38 LI_55o cn| -8.3953 |49.519u111.23257、-55.370b527965 o)7 _L95202.6764 250076 2756

17、_L-358.03-133.3439 二16.3337 |7i00 11.1248|-194.32 bi_4&61.9543 |4-237.26o322 2o cn-376.0424-127.59-122.17o-54.697 b_2K2 o石2 o、o、O1、 o、OOooo、 o、oCDoodo、o5、4、333O2、2 o22242、22订2Oi2Oi、O1o、2、o32232Oi2 CD22K、 o、O1o2O、O1、 oooCD、4o co、O1、 o471.14s g262.84002、7g 芍320.60220.71238.22181.51219.28省目409.96217.06

18、rO4491.099X(J)433.33144.30 kJ356q 4X(J)7 严2严3 严6严、00 严6严、9严7严O 1122 严、4丄62 O N)4严1:31044严00 严00 严O严5 严GP211681.zsd-GP231681是-444.9042.780-303.522.24.52.4540.271:9789.zsd07739186GP221682.zsd-GP23168是-156.24-59.55254.49972.75.62.9175.861:2563l.zsd4887034. 基线改正数及标准差基线名TauVDX(m)VDY(m)VDZ(m)中误差_VDX(mm)中误

19、差_VDY(mm)中误差_VDZ(mm)dVDX(mm)dVDY(mm)dVDZ(mm)GP011704.zsd-GP0是0.0000.0010.0000.41.00.40.00.00.021704.zsd272GP011704.zsd-GP0是0.000-0.000.0000.40.60.40.00.00.031704.zsd0081GP021704.zsd-GP0是0.0000.0020.0000.51.30.50.00.00.031704.zsd342GP021703.zsd-GP0是-0.000.000-0.000.40.60.30.00.00.041703.zsd02103GP021

20、703.zsd-GP0是0.000-0.000.0000.81.20.60.00.00.061703.zsd4027GP041703.zsd-GP0是-0.000.000-0.001.01.60.80.00.00.061703.zsd05709GP051700.zsd-GP1是-0.000.0010.0000.91.40.80.00.00.001700.zsd1465GP051700.zsd-GP11是0.001-0.00-0.000.60.80.60.00.00.01700.zsd01004GP061701.zsd-GP0是0.0000.0010.0021.73.11.50.00.00.07

21、1701.zsd970GP061701.zsd-GP1是-0.00-0.00-0.000.40.90.40.00.00.001701.zsd020306GP071701.zsd-GP1是0.001-0.000.0021.72.61.30.00.00.001701.zsd9012GP081702.zsd-GP0是0.0000.000-0.000.30.40.30.00.00.091702.zsd5502GP081702.zsd-GP1是-0.00-0.000.0011.72.82.00.00.00.001702.zsd27288GP091702.zsd-GP1是0.0010.000-0.000.

22、71.10.70.00.00.001702.zsd0707GP101700.zsd-GP11是-0.000.0000.0000.30.60.30.00.00.01700.zsd0440GP111692.zsd-GP12是0.001-0.00-0.000.60.70.80.00.00.01692.zsd00705GP111692.zsd-GP15是-0.000.0000.0000.50.70.40.00.00.01692.zsd0951GP121692.zsd-GP1是0.002-0.00-0.001.61.81.80.00.00.051692.zsd81813GP131680.zsd-GP1是

23、-0.00-0.0010.0001.21.81.30.00.00.061681.zsd1610GP131680.zsd-GP2是0.0010.0000.0001.21.91.60.00.00.031680.zsd330GP141686.zsd-GP1是-0.00-0.000.0000.50.80.70.00.00.051685.zsd05011GP141686.zsd-GP1是0.0000.0000.0001.02.11.50.00.00.071685.zsd971GP151685.zsd-GP1是-0.00-0.00-0.000.71.51.10.00.00.071685.zsd060501

24、GP161681.zsd-GP2是-0.001-0.000.0001.01.51.20.00.00.031680.zsd1041GP171683.zsd-GP1是-0.000.0000.0001.11.80.90.00.00.081684.zsd1392GP171683.zsd-GP1是0.000-0.00-0.000.71.20.60.00.00.091683.zsd80803GP181684.zsd-GP1是-0.0010.0010.0000.91.50.80.00.00.091683.zsd114GP181683.zsd-GP2是0.002-0.00-0.001.62.71.60.00.

25、00.001682.zsd22308GP181683.zsd-GP2是-0.000.0010.0001.01.81.10.00.00.011682.zsd1479GP201682.zsd-GP2是0.001-0.00-0.002.04.72.90.00.00.011682.zsd80307GP211681.zsd-GP2是0.000-0.00-0.001.53.31.40.00.00.021682.zsd40909GP211681.zsd-GP2是-0.000.0000.0001.22.21.20.00.00.031681.zsd0379GP221682.zsd-GP2是0.001-0.00-

26、0.002.85.93.50.00.00.031681.zsd331275.平差后站点WGS84坐标(XYZ)站点名X(m)Y(m)Z(m)中误差_X(mm)中误差_Y(mm)中误差_Z(mm)GP01-1289104.06935646670.67332666573.79750.00.00.0GP02-128899542662666428.04460.61.40.6GP03-1289150.71165646860.97982666173.43710.61.10.6GP04-1289080.49615646886.68232666151.28751.01.90.9GP0

27、5-1288794.40685646885.74522666273.96821.93.41.7GP06-1288764.43835646839.59972666383.73541.22.21.0GP07-1288757.36235646766.54682666535.55962.23.91.9GP08-1288687.03745646749.00632666603.04092.13.82.0GP09-1288566.52975646771.84602666608.44722.13.71.9GP10-1288607.62995646825.29482666480.85811.73.11.4GP1

28、1-1288534.88295647027.97032666104.81561.83.31.6GP12-1288394.6397564708319272.13.62.1GP13-1288254.04255647107.89602666059.92504.27.74.6GP14-1288160.93355647069.24642666180.11232.33.92.3GP15-1288095.54385647013.87662666323.80962.13.51.9GP16-1288051.61835647173.44712666016.98004.17.74.5GP1

29、7-1287951.42435647088.00012666242.06632.34.12.4GP18-1287736.33275647137.51752666243.19062.74.72.7GP19-1287668.26975647079.60632666392.20362.64.62.6GP20-1287469.20495647190.52072666259.52603.36.13.6GP21-1287525.37435647241.90142666126.18503.25.73.4GP22-1287814.02715647344.22732665768.15404.07.74.2GP2

30、3-1287970.27445647284.68072665822.65923.97.34.16.平差后站点WGS84坐标(BLH)站点名Lat.Lon.H(m)中误差_Lat(mm)中误差_Lon(mm)中误差_H(mm)GP01024:52:02.95546N102:51:35.72516E1925.87000.00.00.0GP02024:51:57.72812N102:51:31.19283E1926.39980.50.61.4GP03024:51:48.47723N102:51:35.83613E1935.27520.50.61.2GP04024:51:47.69548N102:51

31、:33.19468E1934.51880.91.01.9GP05024:51:52.19406N102:51:23.26957E1927.50941.61.63.6GP06024:51:56.13547N102:51:22.59475E1926.79631.01.22.2GP07024:52:01.60541N102:51:22.92794E1924.59161.81.94.1GP08024:52:04.04201N102:51:20.62527E1923.25691.81.94.0GP09024:52:04.26345N102:51:16.26030E1921.40761.71.83.9GP

32、10024:51:59.66559N102:51:17.26382E1923.32831.41.53.2GP11024:51:46.10233N102:51:13.13240E1929.80721.51.63.4GP12024:51:44.18357N102:51:07.82634E1927.33591.81.83.8GP13024:51:44.56792N102:51:02.74887E1924.95493.43.68.6GP14024:51:48.90846N102:50:59.82231E1922.50992.02.14.2GP15024:51:54.08051N102:50:57.99

33、052E1920.75681.71.83.7GP16024:51:43.04390N102:50:55.20176E1924.03993.43.68.5GP17024:51:51.12144N102:50:52.39972E1922.87632.02.14.4GP18024:51:51.14839N102:50:44.53966E1923.76042.32.54.9GP19024:51:56.51905N102:50:42.63499E1921.46042.32.44.9GP20024:51:51.73521N102:50:34.84529E1923.63682.73.26.6GP21024:

34、51:46.94966N102:50:36.38879E1924.35232.73.06.2GP22024:51:34.15607N102:50:45.60059E1922.57152.93.48.5GP23024:51:36.08129N102:50:51.49677E1924.33052.93.38.17.平差后站点目标坐标系坐标 (NEU)站点名N(m)E(m)U(m)中误差_N(mm)中误差_E(mm)中误差_U(mm)GP012751649.7791586904.36791925.87000.00.00.0GP022751488.1212586778.14221926.39980.5

35、0.61.4GP032751204.2757586910.29521935.27520.50.61.2GP042751179.7518586836.28921934.51880.91.01.9GP052751316.4275586556.77451927.50941.61.63.6GP062751437.5931586537.06711926.79631.01.22.2GP072751605.9728586545.36321924.59161.81.94.1GP082751680.5452586480.24761923.25691.81.94.0GP092751686.5904586357.6

36、6411921.40761.71.83.9GP102751545.2822586386.72421923.32831.41.53.2GP112751127.1873586273.35411929.80721.51.63.4GP122751067.2111586124.75671927.33591.81.83.8GP132751078.1474585982.13351924.95493.43.68.6GP142751211.2015585899.13761922.50992.02.14.2GP152751370.0343585846.71871920.75681.71.83.7GP1627510

37、29.9294585770.54161924.03993.43.68.5GP172751278.0008585690.32781922.87632.02.14.4GP182751277.4588585469.65601923.76042.32.54.9GP192751442.3921585415.15821921.46042.32.44.9GP202751293.8295585197.38051923.63682.73.26.6GP212751146.8374585241.62481924.35232.73.06.2GP222750754.7581585502.68711922.57152.9

38、3.48.5GP232750815.0294585667.85691924.33052.93.38.18.基线最弱边和平面最弱点基线名中误差(mm)中误差_DX(mm)相对误差中误差_DY(mm)中误差_DZ(mm)GP221682.zsd-GP231681.zsd2.655.602.946.86站点名中误差(mm)GP139.89中误差_N(mm)3.40中误差_E(mm)3.59中误差_U(mm)8.571:256332.2边点混合式三维自由网平差报告基线条数:51平差点数:23基线标准差置信度(松弛因子):10.00 bTau检验显著水平:1.00%单位权中误差比：0.4846x2 检验

39、值:42.1618x2 理论范围:56.7769-124.7177x2检验结果：False1. 输入的基线及标准差基线名TauDX(m)DY(m)DZ(m)中误差_DX(mm)中误差_DY(mm)中误差_DZ(mm)GP011704.zsd-GP021704.zsd是108.913094.7551-145.75283.78.93.7GP011704.zsd-GP031704.zsd是-46.6423190.3057-400.36044.06.94.0GP021704.zsd-GP031704.zsd是-155.554995.5557-254.60734.310.44.1GP021703.zsd

40、-GP041703.zsd是-85.3398121.2559-276.75744.97.93.9GP021703.zsd-GP061703.zsd是230.718674.1729-44.30856.811.05.5GP041710.zsd-GP051710.zsd是286.0855-0.9518122.68039.914.09.5GP041703.zsd-GP061703.zsd是316.0573-47.0819232.44708.012.66.1GP041710.zsd-GP061710.zsd是316.0588-47.0963232.45588.912.98.6GP221682.zsd-G

41、P231681 .zsdGP211681 ,zsd-GP231681 .zsdGP211681 .zsd-GP221682.zsdGP201682.zsd-GP211682.zsdGP181715.zsd-GP231715.zsdGP181683.zsd-GP211682.zsdGP181683.zsd-GP201682.zsdGP181684.zsd-GP191683.zsdGP171715.zsd-GP231715.zsdGP171683.zsd-GP191683.zsdGP171715.zsd-GP181715.zsdGP161681 ,zsd-GP23168O.zsdGP151685.

42、zsd-GP171685.zsdGP141686.zsd-GP171685.zsdGP141714.zsd-GP161714.zsdGP141686.zsd-GP151685.zsdGP13168O.zsd-GP23168O.zsdGP131714.zsd-GP161714.zsdGP131680.zsd-GP161681.zsdGP131714.zsd-GP141714.zsdGP131713.zsd-GP141713.zsdGP121692.zsd-GP151692.zsdGP121713.zsd-GP141713.zsdGP121713.zsd-GP131713.zsdGP111712.

43、zsd-GP151712.zsdGP111692.zsd-GP151692.zsdGP111692.zsd-GP121692.zsdGP101712.zsd-GP151712.zsdGP101712.zsd-GP111712.zsdGP101700.zsd-GP111700.zsdGP0917O2.zsd-GP1017O2.zsdGP081711 ,zsd-GP101711 .zsdGP0817O2.zsd-GP1017O2.zsdGP0817O2.zsd-GPO917O2.zsdGP071711 ,zsd-GP101711 .zsdGP071701 ,zsd-GP101701 .zsdGP071711 ,zsd-GP081711 .zsdGP061701 ,zsd-GP101701 .zsdGP061701 ,zsd-GP071701 .z