项目管理(全英文)试题-有翻译

1、一、名词解释（5*2=10）PMI, Project Management Institute, 美国项目管理学会PMP, Project Management Professional, 项目管理专业人员认证PMBOK, Project Management Body of Knowledge, 项目管理知识体系PLC, project life cycle, 项目生命周期RFP, Request for proposal, 需求建议书WBS, Work Breakdown Structure, 工作分解结构CPM, Critical path method, 关键路径法PERT, Proj

2、ectEvaluationandReviewTechnique, 计划评审技术AOA, Activity-On-Arrow, 双代号网络图法AON, Activity-on-node, 单代号网络图CPI, Cost Performance Index,成本绩效指数 (挣值(EV)/实际成本(AC)RAM, Responsibility Assignment Matrix,职责分配矩阵P&L, Profitandloss损益VAT,value-addedtax, 加值税、增值税QA, Quality Assurance, 质量保障二、填空题（5*2=10）。1. A project is an

3、 endeavour to accomplish a specific objective through a unique set of interrelated tasks and the effective utilization of resources. 1.项目是努力完成一个特定的目标，通过一套独特的相互关联的任务和资源的有效利用。2. A project manager is responsible for planning the work and then work the plan.项目经理负责规划工作，然后工作计划。3. The project life cycle ha

4、s four phases: initiating, planning, performing, and closing the project.项目生命周期有四个阶段 启动、 规划、 执行和结束项目。4. Project selection involves evaluating potential projects and then deciding which should move forward to be implemented.项目选择涉及潜在项目评估，然后决定，应该向前来实施。5. WBS facilitates evaluation of cost, time, and te

5、chnical performance of the organization on a project. WBS 促进评估的成本、 时间和上一个项目组织的技术性能。6. The project network is developed from the information collected for the WBS and is a graphic flow chart of the project job plan. 项目开发从 WBS 收集的信息和网络是一个图形的流程图的项目工作计划。7. In the context of projects, risk is an uncertai

6、n event and condition that, if it occurs, has a positive and negative effect on project objectives. 在项目范围内，风险是不确定的事件和条件，如果它发生，已经对项目目标的积极和消极的影响。8. Milestones are significant project events that mark major accomplishments. 里程碑是重大项目事件标记的主要成就。9. Two important factors affecting recruitment are the import

7、ance of the project and the management structure being used to complete the project.有两个重要影响因素招聘有项目和管理结构被用来完成这项工程的重要性10. The most common method for shortening project time is to assign additional staff and equipment to activities.最常用的方法，缩短项目时间是将额外的工作人员和设备分配给活动三选择题（15*2=30）1. Communications is best de

8、scribed as:A. an exchange of information.B. providing written or oral directions.C. consists of senders and receiversD. effective listening.E. All of the aboveANS: E2. The following types of costs are relevant to making a financial decision except:A. opportunity costsB. direct costsC. sunk costD. un

9、avoidable costsE. None of the aboveANS: C3. Time management is the allocation of time in a projects life cycle through the process of:A. PlanningB. Estimating.C. Scheduling.D. ControllingE. All of the above.ANS: E4. A project element which lies between two events is called: 位于两个事件之间的项目元素被称为A. An act

10、ivity.B. A critical path method.C. A slack milestone.D. A timing slot.E. A calendar completion point.ANS: A5. A comprehensive definition of scope management would be: 一个全面的定义的范围管理将是 A. Managing a project in terms of its objective through the concept, development, implementation, and termination phas

11、es of a project.管理项目以及项目的概念、 发展、 实施和终止阶段通过其目的。B. Approval of the scope baseline.C. Approval of the detailed project charter.D. Configuration control.E. Approved detailed planning including budgets, resource allocation, linear responsibility charts and management sponsorship.ANS: A6. Pure Risk differ

12、s from Business Risks because Pure Risks _ .A. include chances of both profit or loss associated with the business.B. include chances of loss and no chances for profit associated with the business. 包括丢失的可能性和相关业务的利润没有机会C. must incur personal loss with business liability. 必须与业务责任招致个人损失。D. must incur b

13、usiness liability associated with loss of pure profit.E. B and CANS: BANS: D7. The most common types of schedules are Gantt charts, milestone charts, line of balance, and:A. Networks.B. Time phased events.C. Calendar integrated activities.D. A and C only.E. B and C only.ANS: A8. In preparing a good

14、project definition, experienced project managers will:A. Concentrate mainly on the end product rather than costs or benefits. These come later.B. Realize that only the tip of the iceberg may be showing. As a project manager, you must get beneath it.C. Understand that a project definition/plan is a d

15、ynamic rather than static tool, and thus subject to change.D. Try to convert objectives into quantifiable terms.E. All of the aboveANS: E9. Since risk is associated with most projects, the best course of action is to:A. cover all project risks by buying appropriate insuranceB. ignore the risks, sinc

16、e nothing can be done about them and move forward with the project in an expeditious manner.C. avoid projects with clear and present risksD. eliminate all known risks prior to the execution phase of the projectE. identify various risks and implement actions to mitigate their potential impactANS: E10

17、. Risk management allows the project manager and the project team to:A. eliminate most risks during the planning phase of the projectB. identify project risksC. identify impacts of various risksD. plan suitable responsesE. B, C and D onlyANS: E11. Which of the following types of cost are relevant to

18、 making financial decisions:A. sunk costB. opportunity costC. material costD. A and C onlyE. B and C onlyANS: E12. Which of the following is often overlooked in achieving effective communication?A. speaking clearlyB. listeningC. interpretingD. maintaining eye contactE. manipulating the conversationA

19、NS: B13. The highest degrees of project risk and uncertainty are associated with the following phase of the project:A. conceptualB. executionC. cut-overD. post project evaluationE. A and D onlyANS: A14. The auditing function that provides feedback about the quality of output is referred to as:A. qua

20、lity control.B. quality planning.C. quality assurance.D. quality improvementE. All of the above.ANS: C15. The sending or conveying of information from one place to another is the process ofA. NetworkingB. TransmittingC. InteractingD. PromotingE. InterfacingANS: B16. Project life cycles provide a bet

21、ter means of measurement of progress and control. The four phases of a project are conceptual development,_, _, and _.A. Preliminary planning, detail planning, closeoutB. Implementation, reporting, terminationC. Development, implementation, terminationD. Execution, reporting, finishingE. Implementat

22、ion, termination, post-audit reviewANS: C17. All of the following are categories of a milestone in a schedule except:A. End date.B. Contract dates.C. Key events scheduled.D. Imposed dates.E. Task duration.ANS: E18. Uncertainty refers to a situation where:A. the outcomes are known but their probabili

23、ties are highB. the outcomes and their probabilities are knownC. neither the outcomes nor their probabilities are knownD. states of nature can change at any timeE. probabilities of various states of nature can change at any timeANS: C19. Excessive flexibility in specifying requirements will _ the li

24、kelihood of time overruns.A. Reduce.B. Eliminate.C. DoubleD. IncreaseE. Not affectANS: D20. Which of the following is closet to Demings definition of Quality:A. conformance to requirements.B. fitness for use.C. continuous improvement of products and services.D. customer focus.E. All of the above.ANS

25、: C21. The key purpose of project control is to:A. Plan ahead for uncertainties.B. Generate status reports.C. Keep the project on track.D. Develop the project road map.E. All of the above.ANS: C22. Which of the following constitute Jurans quality trilogy:A. planning, inspection, control.B. planning,

26、 improvement, control.C. planning, organization, control.D. product, price, customer.E. design, build, deliver.ANS: B23. Most project (and non-project) managers prefer _ communications.A. OralB. WrittenC. UpwardD. DownwardE. LateralANS: A24. On a precedence diagram, the arrow between two boxes is ca

27、lled:A. An activity.B. A constraint.C. An event.D. The critical path.E. None of above.ANS: B25. Quality control charts show a characteristic of the product or service against:A. the specification limits.B. customer requirements.C. control limits based on three standard deviations in each direction.D

28、. control limits based on six standard deviations in each direction.E. A and D onlyANS: C26. In the arrow diagramming method (ADM), _ do not consume time or resources.A. Events.B. Dummy ActivitiesC. Slack elements.D. B and C only.E. All of the above.ANS: A27. Activities with zero time duration are r

29、eferred to as:A. Critical path activites.B. Noncritical path activities.C. Slack time activities.D. DummiesE. None of above.ANS: D28. In the PDM, common constraints include:A. Start-to-startB. Finish-to-startC. Finish-to-finishD. B and C onlyE. A, B, and C.ANS: E29. Non-verbal communication includes

30、:A. Body movementB. GesturesC. Facial expressionsD. The way we move our handsE. All of the aboveANS: E30. Which one of the following is not an acquisition method?A. advertisingB. invitationC. negotiationD. purchaseE. all are acquisition methodsANS: A31. For communication to occur, there must be:A. T

31、wo or more people involvedB. the transmittal of informationC. a communication processD. All of the aboveE. B and C onlyANS: D32. Job continuity would be an example of _ in Maslows hierarchy of needs.A. Self-actualizationB. EsteemC. PhysiologicalD. BelongingE. SafetyANS: E四、简单题（2*10=20）。1. What are t

32、he major characteristics of a project? 项目的主要特点有哪些1).An established objective. 既定的目标2).A defined life span with a beginning and an end. 定义的寿命，有开始和结束3).Usually, the involvement of several departments and professionals. 通常情况下，几个部门及专业人士参与。4).Typically, doing something that has never been done before. 通常情况下，做一些从来没有过5).Specific time, cost, and performance requirements. 具体的时间、 成本和性能要求。2. What factors do you consider when choosing project management structure? At least five factors. 选择项目管理结构时，你考虑什么因素？1).Size of project项目的大小2).Strat