全新版大学英语综合教程3Unit2ppt课件

BR_main,EnglishSongAbraham,Martinhewastheyoungesttodie.,BR_PeopleintheSong3,2.JohnF.Kennedy,JohnFitzgeraldKennedywasthethirty-fifthpresidentoftheUS.InhisInauguralAddress(就职演说)hesaid:“Asknotwhatyourcountrycandoforyouaskwhatyoucandoforyourcountry.”AsPresident,hetookvigorousactioninthecauseofequalrights,callingfornewcivilrightslegislation.,Dr.Kingwasapivotal(关键)figureintheCivilRightsMovement.Hislecturesanddialoguesstirred(激起)theconcernandsparkedtheconscienceofageneration.Inoneofhisspeeches,hesaid,“Ihaveadreamthatmyfourchildrenwillonedayliveinanationwheretheywillnotbejudged,judgedbythecoloroftheirskin,butbythecontentoftheircharacter.Ihaveadreamtoday.Ihaveadreamthat.onedayrightthereinAlabama,littleblackboysandblackgirlswillbeabletojoinhandswiththelittlewhiteboysandwhitegirlsassistersandbrothers.Ihaveadreamtoday.”,BR_PeopleintheSong4,3.MartinLutherKing,Dr.KingwasshotwhilestandingonthebalconyoftheLorraineMotelinMemphis,TennesseeonApril4,1968.Dr.KingwasinMemphistohelpleadsanitationworkersinaprotestagainstlowwagesandintolerableworkingconditions.,BR_PeopleintheSong5,KennedyenforcedaFederalcourtorderadmittingthefirstAfricanAmericanstudentJamesMeredithtotheUniversityofMississippi.Theriot(暴动)thathadfollowedMeredithsregistration(注册)hadlefttwodeadandhundredsinjured.RobertKennedysawvotingasthekey,BR_PeopleintheSong6,4.BobbyKennedy,BobbyKennedyorRobertF.Kennedy,wasthebrotherofPresidentJohnF.Kennedy.Hewasappointedattorneygeneral(司法部长)oftheUnitedStatesintheearly1960s.InSeptember1962,AttorneyGeneral,toracial(种族的)justice(正义)andcollaborated(合作)withPresidentKennedywhenheproposedthemostfar-reachingcivilrightsstatutesinceReconstruction,TheCivilRightsActof1964,passedafterPresidentKennedywasslainonNovember22,1963.RobertFrancisKennedywasslainonJune5,1968attheAmbassadorHotelinLosAngeles,California.Hewas42yearsold.Althoughhislifewascutshort,RobertKennedysvisionandidealsliveontoday.,BR_PeopleintheSong7,1.Whatisanundergroundrailroadinthenormalsense?2.Whatisthisundergroundrailroadspecialfor?3.Canyouimaginewhatthisrailroadwasbuiltfor?,BR_TextPrediction1,TextPrediction,Readtheintroductorypartofthetextandthinkaboutthefollowingquestions.,In2004acenterinhonorofthe“undergroundrailroad”opensinCincinnati.Therailroadwasunusual.Itsoldnoticketsandhadnotrains.Yetitcarriedthousandsofpassengerstothedestinationoftheirdreams.,BR_TextPrediction2,4.Whatprobablyarethedreamsofthepassengers?5.Whatprobablyisthedestinationoftheirdreams?6.Whatisthetextprobablyabout?,BR_MapReading1,MapReading,Readthefollowingthreemapsandanswerthefollowingquestions.,Clicktoseebigpicture.,BR_MapReading2,1.Findthefollowingstates:,Alabama,Arkansas,Florida,Georgia,Louisiana,Mississippi,NorthCarolina,SouthCarolina,Tennessee,Texas,Virginia.,2.Whichstatesaremostdenselypopulatedwithslaves?,Whichpartdothesestatesbelongto,theNorthernStatesortheSouthernStates?,3.Wheredidmostslaveswanttogo?,BR_MapReading3,BR_MapReading4,BR_MapReading5,BR_TimelineofSlavery1,TimelineofSlavery,1619SlavesinVirginiaAfricansbroughttoJamestownarethefirstslavesimportedintoBritainsNorthAmericancolonies.1705SlavesasPropertyDescribingslavesasrealestate,Virginialawmakersallowedownerstobequeaththeirslaves.Thesamelawallowedmastersto“killanddestroy”runaways.,BR_TimelineofSlavery2,1775AmericanRevolutionBeganBattlesattheMassachusettstownsofLexingtonandConcordonApril19sparkedthewarforAmericanindependencefromBritain.1776DeclarationofIndependenceTheContinentalCongressasserted“thattheseUnitedColoniesare,andofRightoughttobeFreeandIndependentStates”.,BR_TimelineofSlavery3,1783AmericanRevolutionEndedBritainandtheinfantUnitedStatessignedthePeaceofParistreaty.1808UnitedStatesBannedSlaveTradeImportingAfricanslaveswasoutlawed,butsmugglingcontinued.1860AbrahamLincolnElectedAbrahamLincolnofIllinoisbecamethefirstRepublicantowintheUnitedStatesPresidency.,BR_TimelineofSlavery4,18611865UnitedStatesCivilWarFouryearsofbrutalconflictclaimed623,000lives.1863TheEmancipationProclamationPresidentAbrahamLincolndecreedthatallslavesinrebelterritorywerefreeonJanuary1,1863.1865SlaveryAbolishedThe13thAmendmenttotheUnitedStatesConstitutionoutlawedslavery.,TheUndergroundRailroadwasnotunderground.Becauseescapingslavesandthepeoplewhohelpedthemweretechnicallybreakingthelaw,theyhadtostayoutofsight.Theywent“underground”intermsofconcealingtheiractions.Sometimestheyevenhidinunusualplaces.Manycleverandcreativeideashelpedslavesduringtheirescape.Whenabolitionist(废奴主义者)JohnFairfieldneededtosneak(偷偷摸摸地进行)28slavesovertheroadsnearCincinnati,hehiredahearse(灵车)anddisguisedthegroupasafuneralprocession.,BR_TheUndergroundRailroad1,TheUndergroundRailroad,1.GeneralInformation,BR_TheUndergroundRailroad2,Henry“Box”Brown,aslave,hadhimselfshippedfromRichmondtoPhiladelphiainawoodenbox.,2.RoutestoFreedom,Theroutestheslavestraveledappearinthismap.Thetripis560miles(900kilometers)long.Astrong,luckyrunawaymighthavemadeittofreedomintwomonths.Forothers,especiallyinbadweather,thetrek(跋涉)mighthavelastedayear.,BR_TheUndergroundRailroad3,BR_TheUndergroundRailroad4,BR_TheUndergroundRailroad5,UncleTomsCabin,writtenbyHarrietBeecherStowe,isoneofthemostfamousandpopularpiecesofCivilWarliterature.Drawnfromselectedpiecesofreallifeanecdotes,UncleTomsCabinwasabookthatdrewmanypeopleintothefightovertheinstitutionofslavery.Northernershailed(欢呼)thebook,whilesouthernslaveholdersabhorredit.,BR_UncleTomsCabin,UncleTomsCabin,GR_main,TrueorFalse,PartDivisionoftheText,FurtherUnderstanding,GR_FurtherUnderstanding,FurtherUnderstanding,TextAnalysis,QuestionsandAnswers,GR_TrueorFalse1,TrueorFalse,1.JustlikeUncleTominUncleTomsCabin,JosiahHensonwasalong-sufferingslavewhowasunwillingtostandupforhimself.,F,AccordingtoBarbaraCarter,JosiahHensonwasamanofprincipleandtotallydifferentfromUncleTom.,(),2.AllthemenandwomenwhoforgedtheUndergroundRailroadwereblacks.,F,Somewhitesweredrivenbyreligiousconvictionsandtookpartinthismovement.,(),GR_TrueorFalse2,3.Theserailroadconductorswerefrequentlyfacedwithdeaththreatsandwarningsfromthelocalgovernment.,T,(),4.ManyfugitiveschoseCanadaastheirprimarydestinationbecauseslaveryhadbeenabolishedthere.,T,(),GR_PartDivisionoftheText,PartDivisionoftheText,Parts,Para(s),MainIdeas,1,15,ItishightimetohonortheheroeswhohelpedliberateslavesbyforgingtheUndergroundRailroadintheearlycivil-rightsstrugglesinAmerica.,2,623,Bycitingexamplestheauthorpraisestheexploitsofcivil-rightsheroeswhohelpedslavestraveltheUndergroundRailroadtofreedom.,GR_QuestionsandAnswers1,QuestionsandAnswers,UncleTomwasanenduringslaveandunwillingtostruggleforhimself,whileJosiahHensondidwhathebelievedwasrightandtookanactivepartintheanti-slaverymovement.,1.BothJosiahHensonandUncleTomwereslaves.ButintheeyesofBarbaraCarter,theyweredifferent.InwhatwaywasJosiahHensondifferentfromUncleTom?,GR_QuestionsandAnswers2,IntheBible,MoseswastheleaderwhobroughttheIsraelitesoutofslaveryinEgyptandledthemtothePromisedLand.JustlikeMoses,HensonhelpedhundredsofslavesescapetoCanadaandliberty,sohewascalledanAfrican-AmericanMoses.,2.WhywasHensoncalledanAfrican-AmericanMoses?,TheUndergroundRailroadwasasecretwebofescaperoutesandsafehouses.Manymenandwomen,includingboththeblacksandwhites,togetherforgedit.,3.WhatwastheUndergroundRailroad?Whoforgedit?,GR_QuestionsandAnswers3,Becausemostofthemremaintoolittlerememberedandtheirexploitsarestilllargelyunsung.,4.WhydoestheauthorwanttotellthereadersthestoriesoftheheroesoftheUndergroundRailroad?,GR_TextAnalysis1,TextAnalysis,Inthispart,theauthortellsthestoriesofthreecivil-rightsheroes.Whoarethey?Givethemainideaofeachstory.,Stories,MainIdeas,1,Afterwinninghisownfreedomfromslavery,JohnParkerhelpedotherslavesescapenorthtoCanadatogetfreedom.,Heroes,Para(s),JohnParker,610,GR_TextAnalysis2,Stories,MainIdeas,3,Supportedbyastrongreligiousconviction,thewhitemanLeviCoffinhelpedblackslavesescapeathugerisktohimself.,Heroes,Para(s),JosiahHenson,1623,2,LeviCoffin,1115,BytravelingtheUndergroundRailroad,JosiahHensonreachedhisdestinationandbecamefreeatlast.,AgentlebreezeswepttheCanadianplainsasIsteppedoutsidethesmalltwo-storyhouse.Alongsidemewasaslenderwomaninablackdress,myguidebacktoatimewhenthesurroundingsettlementinDresden,Ontario,washometoaheroinAmericanhistory.Aswewalkedtowardaplaingraychurch,BarbaraCarterspoke,proudlyofhergreat-great-grandfather,JosiahHenson.“HewasconfidentthattheCreatorintendedallmentobecreatedequal.Andhenevergaveupstrugglingforthatfreedom.”,DR_Text1,THEFREEDOMGIVERS,FergusM.Bordewich,Cartersdevotiontoherancestorisaboutmorethanpersonalpride:itisaboutfamilyhonor.ForJosiahHensonhaslivedonthroughthecharacterinAmericanfictionthathehelpedinspire:UncleTom,thelong-sufferingslaveinHarrietBeecherStowesUncleTomsCabin.Ironically,thatcharacterhascometosymbolizeeverythingHensonwasnot.Aracialselloutunwillingtostandupforhimself?Cartergetsangryatthethought.“JosiahHensonwasamanofprinciple,”shesaidfirmly.,DR_Text2,IhadtraveledheretoHensonslasthomenowahistoricsitethatCarterformerlydirectedtolearnmoreaboutamanwhowas,inmanyways,anAfrican-AmericanMoses.Afterwinninghisownfreedomfromslavery,HensonsecretlyhelpedhundredsofotherslavestoescapenorthtoCanadaandliberty.ManysettledhereinDresdenwithhim.Yetthisstopwasonlypartofamuchlargermissionforme.JosiahHensonisbutonenameonalonglistofcourageousmenandwomenwhotogetherforgedtheUndergroundRailroad,asecretwebofescaperoutesandsafehousesthattheyusedtoliberateslavesfromtheAmericanSouth.Between1820and1860,asmanyas100,000slavestraveledtheRailroadtofreedom.,DR_Text3,DR_Text4,InOctober2000,PresidentClintonauthorized$16millionfortheNationalUndergroundRailroadFreedomCentertohonorthisfirstgreatcivil-rightsstruggleintheU.S.,Thecenterisscheduledtoopenin2004inCincinnati.Anditsabouttime.FortheheroesoftheUndergroundRailroadremaintoolittleremembered,theirexploitsstilllargelyunsung.Iwasintentontellingtheirstories.,DR_Text5,JohnParkertensedwhenheheardthesoftknock.Peeringouthisdoorintothenight,herecognizedthefaceofatrustedneighbor.“Theresapartyofescapedslaveshidinginthewoods,inKentucky,twentymilesfromtheriver,”themanwhisperedurgently.Parkerdidnthesitate.“Illgo,”hesaid,pushingapairofpistolsintohispockets.,Bornaslavetwodecadesbefore,inthe1820s,ParkerhadbeentakenfromhismotheratageeightandforcedtowalkinchainsfromVirginiatoAlabama,wherehewassoldontheslavemarket.Determinedtolivefreesomeday,hemanagedtogettrainedinironmolding.Eventuallyhesavedenoughmoneyworkingatthistradeonthesidetobuyhisfreedom.Now,byday,ParkerworkedinanironfoundryintheOhioportofRipley.Bynighthewasa“conductor”ontheUndergroundRailroad,helpingpeopleslipbytheslavehunters.InKentucky,wherehewasnowheaded,therewasa$1000rewardforhiscapture,deadoralive.,DR_Text6,CrossingtheOhioRiveronthatchillynight,Parkerfoundtenfugitivesfrozenwithfear.“Getyourbundlesandfollowme,”hetoldthem,leadingtheeightmenandtwowomentowardtheriver.Theyhadalmostreachedshore,DR_Text7,Parkersawasmallboatand,withashout,pushedtheescapingslavesintoit.Therewasroomforallbuttwo.Astheboatslidacrosstheriver,Parkerwatchedhelplesslyasthepursuersclosedinaroundthemenhewasforcedtoleavebehind.,shorewhenawatchmanspottedthemandracedofftospreadthenews.,TheothersmadeittotheOhioshore,whereParkerhurriedlyarrangedforawagontotakethemtothenext“station”ontheUndergroundRailroadthefirstlegoftheirjourneytosafetyinCanada.Overthecourseofhislife,JohnParkerguidedmorethan400slavestosafety.Whileblackconductorswereoftenmotivatedbytheirownpainfulexperiences,whiteswerecommonlydrivenbyreligiousconvictions.LeviCoffin,aQuakerraisedinNorthCarolina,explained,“TheBible,inbiddingustofeedthehungryandclothethenaked,saidnothingaboutcolor.”,DR_Text8,DR_Text9,Inthe1820sCoffinmovedwesttoNewport(nowFountainCity),Indiana,whereheopenedastore.WordspreadthatfleeingslavescouldalwaysfindrefugeattheCoffinhome.Attimesheshelteredasmanyas17fugitivesatonce,andhekeptateamandwagonreadytoconveythemonthenextlegoftheirjourney.EventuallythreeprincipalroutesconvergedattheCoffinhouse,whichcametobetheGrandCentralTerminaloftheUndergroundRailroad.,DR_Text10,Forhisefforts,Coffinreceivedfrequentdeaththreatsandwarningsthathisstoreandhomewouldbeburned.Nearlyeveryconductorfacedsimilarrisksorworse.IntheNorth,amagistratemighthaveimposedafineorabriefjailsentenceforaidingthoseescaping.IntheSouthernstates,whitesweresentencedtomonthsorevenyearsinjail.OnecourageousMethodistminister,CalvinFairbank,wasimprisonedformorethan17yearsinKentucky,wherehekeptalogofhisbeatings:35,105stripeswiththewhip.,Asfortheslaves,escapemeantajourneyofhundredsofmilesthroughunknowncountry,wheretheywereusuallyeasytorecognize.Withnoroadsignsandfewmaps,theyhadtoputtheirtrustindirectionspassedbywordofmouthandinsecretsignsnailsdrivenintotrees,forexamplethatconductorsusedtomarktheroutenorth.,Manyslavestraveledundercoverofnight,theirfacessometimescakedwithwhitepowder.Quakersoftendressedtheir“passengers,”bothmaleandfemale,ingraydresses,deepbonnetsand,andfullveils.Ononeoccasion,LeviCoffinwastransportingsomanyrunawayslavesthathedisguisedthemasafuneralprocession.,DR_Text11,DR_Text12,Canadawastheprimarydestinationformanyfugitives.Slaveryhadbeenabolishedtherein1833,andCanadianauthoritiesencouragedtherunawaystosettletheirvastvirginland.AmongthemwasJosiahHenson.AsaboyinMaryland,Hensonwatchedashisentirefamilywassoldtodifferentbuyers,andhesawhismotherharshlybeatenwhenshetriedtokeephimwithher.Makingthebestofhislot,Hensonworkeddiligentlyandrosefarinhisownersregard.,DR_Text13,MoneyproblemseventuallycompelledhismastertosendHenson,hiswifeandchildrentoabrotherinKentucky.Afterlaboringthereforseveralyears,Hensonheardalarmingnews:thenewmasterwasplanningtosellhimforplantationworkfarawayintheDeepSouth.Theslavewouldbeseparatedforeverfromhisfamily.Therewasonlyoneanswer:flight.“IknewtheNorthStar,”Hensonwroteyearslater.“LikethestarofBethlehem,itannouncedwheremysalvationlay.”,Athugerisk,Hensonandhiswifesetoffwiththeirfourchildren.Twoweekslater,starvingandexhausted,thefamilyreachedCincinnati,wheretheymadecontactwithmembersoftheUndergroundRailroad.“Carefullytheyprovidedforourwelfare,andthentheysetusthirtymilesonourwaybywagon.”TheHensonscontinuednorth,arrivingatlastinBuffalo,N.Y.ThereafriendlycaptainpointedacrosstheNiagaraRiver.“Doyouseethosetrees?hesaid.Theygrowonfreesoil.”HegaveHensonadollarandarrangedforaboat,whichcarriedtheslaveandhisfamilyacrosstherivertoCanada.,DR_Text14,“Ithrewmyselfontheground,rolledinthesandanddancedaround,till,intheeyesofseveralwhowerepresent,Ipassedforamadman.Hessomecrazyfellow,saidaColonelWarren.”“Oh,no!Dontyouknow?Imfree!”,DR_Text15,DR_Sentence1_JosiahHensonwas,Paraphrasethesentence.,JosiahHensonobserved/followedmoralprinciples.,JosiahHensonwasamanofprinciple.,DR_Sentence2_Ihadtraveled,1.WhowasMoses?,IntheOldTestament,MoseswastheHebrewprophetandlawgiverwholedtheIsraelitesoutofEgypt.,IhadtraveledheretoHensonslasthomenowahistoricsitethatCarterformerlydirectedtolearnmoreaboutamanwhowas,inmanyways,anAfrican-AmericanMoses.,2.WhywasHensoncalledanAfrican-AmericanMoses?,Henson,ablackwholivedinAmerica,helpedotherblacksescapefromtheUS.,DR_Sentence3_JosiahHensonis,JosiahHensonisbutonenameonalonglistofcourageousmenandwomenwhotogetherforgedtheUndergroundRailroad,Whatisthepartofspeechofbutinthissentence?Andwhatdoesbutmean?,Herebutisanadverb,whichmeans“only”.,DR_Sentence5_Eventuallyhesaved,TranslatethesentenceintoChinese.,后来他终于靠这门手艺攒够钱赎回了自由。,Eventuallyhesavedenoughmoneyworkingatthistradeonthesidetobuyhisfreedom.,DR_Sentence5_Eventuallyhesaved,Paraphrasethesentence.,InKentucky,wherehewasnowheaded,therewasa$1000rewardforhiscapture,deadoralive.,InKentucky,anyonewhocapturedhim,nomatterhewasdeadoralive,wouldberewarded$1000andnowhewasgoingtoKentucky.,DR_Sentence7_Therewasroom,Therewasroomforallbuttwo.,Whatdoesbutmean?Whatisthepartofspeechofbutinthissentence?,Herebutisapreposition,whichmeans“except”.,DR_Sentence8_Theothersmade,1.Whatdoesmadeitmean?,Makeitmeans“succeedindoingsomething”.Heremadeitmeans“arrived(attheOhioshore)”.,TheothersmadeittotheOhioshore,whereParkerhurriedlyarrangedforawagontotakethemtothenext“station”ontheUndergroundRailroadthefirstlegoftheirjourneytosafetyinCanada.,2.Whatdoeslegmean?,Legmeans“astageofajourneyorcourse”.Forexample,thelastlegoftheflight(飞行中的最后一段路程).,DR_Sentence8_Theothersmade,WhatisaQuaker?,LeviCoffin,aQuakerraisedinNorthCarolina,AQuakerisanymemberoftheSocietyofFriends,areligiousgroupestablishedinEnglandinthe1650sbyGeorgeFox.TheywereoriginallycalledQuakersbecausememberswerethoughtto“quake”orshakewithreligiousexcitement.QuakersworshipChristwithoutanyformalceremonyorfixedbeliefs,andtheirmeetingsofteninvolvesilentthoughtorprayer.Theyarestronglyopposedtoviolenceandwar,andareactiveineducationandcharitywork.,DR_Sentence9_Makingthebest,1.Whatdoeslotmeaninthissentence?,Makingthebestofhislot,Hensonworkeddiligentlyandrosefarinhisownersregard.,Lotmeans“onesfortuneinlife,fate”.,2.Paraphrase“rosefarinhisownersregard”.,Hewasregardedhighlybyhisowner.,DR_word_breeze1,breeze:n.,agentlewind,Agentlebreezeblewoverthegarden.,凉爽清新的微风,acool,refreshingbreeze,Allofthefollowingwordsarerelatedtowind.Canyoumatchthemwiththeirdefinitions?,NB:,hurricane,DR_word_breeze2,astrong,abruptrushofwindaverystrongwindaseveretropicalcyclone,usu.involvingheavyrainsarotatingcolumnofair,gust,gale,tornado,DR_word_slender1,1.(ofpeople)slim;notverywidebutcomparativelylongorhigh,slenderfingers,slender:adj.,2.(ofthings)slight;inadequate,有苗条身材的女子,awomanwithaslenderfigure,aslenderwaist,渺茫的希望,slenderhopes,aslenderincome,DR_word_slender2,slender,thinsupportsb./sth,Dontbeafraidtostandupforyourrights.,我所有的朋友都会支持我。,Allmyfriendswillstandupforme.,Asoldiermuststanduptothedanger.,士兵必须敢于面对危险。,standupto:toopposefearlessly;tobear,tolast,你的论点根本经不起仔细检查。,Yourargumentjustwontstanduptoclosescrutiny.,DR_word_principle1,aruleorstandard,especiallyofgoodbehavior,Iusuallyfollowtheprinciplethatitisbetternottogetinvolvedinotherpeoplesquarrels.,principle:n.,Shewasawomanofprinciple.,我们恪守人人都应受到公平对待的原则。,Weadheretotheprinciplethateveryoneshouldbetreatedfairly.,DR_word_principle2,Collocation：,违反原则,againstonesprinciple,作为原则性问题,asamatterofprinciple,按照原则，根据原则,byprinciple,有原则的,ofprinciple,坚持原则,adheretoonesprinciples,抛弃原则,abandononesprinciple