宾语从句1完整ppt课件

.,宾语从句TheObjectClause,.,什么是宾语,Ilikemyteacher.（名词作宾语)Ienjoyplayingbasketball.(动名词作宾语）Idecidetostudyhard.（不定式作宾语）Iknowhim.（代词作宾语）,宾语是动作、行为的对象，是动作的承受者。宾语由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任。,.,我们知道姚明WeknowYaoMing,我们知道他是一个著名的篮球运动员Weknow,宾语从句就是由一个句子来构成主句的宾语，并有一个连接词引导。,一什么是宾语从句？,宾o,宾o,主s,谓v,heisafamousbasketballplayer,that,连接词,我们知道他是一个著名的篮球运动员,谓v,主s,.,宾语从句三要点,一、语序二、引导词三、时态,.,有哪些句子可以做宾语？,1.陈述句Heisafamousbasketballplayer.2.一般疑问句Willourteachersattendthemeeting？3.特殊疑问句whichcoatdidyouprefer?,.,MynameisMyfavoritesportisIamIspeak/have/likeIcanplay,Areyou?Canyouplay?Doyoudo?Whereareyou?Whatcanyoudo?Howdoyoudo?,陈述句,-,-,一般疑问句,特殊疑问句,结构比较,.,陈述句,一般疑问句,特殊疑问句,_+_+_,结构比较,be,情态动词,助动词,主语,谓语,_+_+_,.,主语,?,_+_+_,特殊疑问词,一般疑问句,?,?,_+_+_,主语,?,_+_+_,主语,结论:陈述句和疑问句最本质的区别是陈述句中的be动词,情态动词,助动词在主语后,而在疑问句中,它们则在主语前,.,句子的两种语序:1.陈述句结构叫陈述语序宾语从句必须用陈述句语序2疑问句结构叫疑问语序,.,将下列句子改成陈述句语序：1.Isthereabanknearhere?2.IsitonFifthAvenue?3.Aretheydoinghomework?,Thereisabanknearhere.,ItisonFifthAvenue.,Theyaredoinghomework.,.,4.Doessheworkinahospital?5.DidyougotoCenterPark?6.Dowehavetowearauniform?,Sheworksinahospital.,IwenttoCenterPark.,Wehavetowearauniform.,Theycanwearhatsinschool.,7.Cantheywearhatsinschool?,.,8.Wheresyourpenpalfrom?9.Wheredoeshelive?10.Whatlanguagedoesshespeak?11.Whydoyoulikepandas?,Whereyourpenpalisfrom,Wherehelives,Whatlanguageshespeaks,Whyyoulikepandas?,.,1.由that引导的宾语从句。That只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。例如：Hesaid(that)hewantedtostayathome.Shedoesntknow(that)sheisseriouslyill.Iamsure(that)hewillsucceed.,宾语从句的类型,练一练,1.Thisisabook.2.Youlikesinging.3.Heworkedlastnight.4.Theywillgohome.5.JimhasbeentoBeijing.6.Shesingswell.,用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句:1.Iknow2.Shesays3.Tellyourfriend,（that）,.,一般疑问句做宾语,我问他是否想去游泳,1,改为陈述句语气，2，用if/whether连接,Iask,Doeshewanttogoswim?,hewantstogoswim,If/whether,Iask,.,2.由if或whether引导的宾语从句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如：Iwanttoknowif(whether)helivesthere.Heaskedmewhether(if)Icouldhelphim.,练一练,1.Ishereading?2.Doyougetupatsix?3.DoesTomworkhard?4.DidyouwatchTV?5.Willtheyreadbooks?6.Canyousing?,用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句:1.Doyouknow2.Iwanttoknow3.Theteacherasks,if/whether,.,特殊疑问句做宾语,Whichcoatdidyoulikebest?,Iwonderwhichcoatyoulikebest.,用疑问引导，改为陈述语气。,我想知道你最喜欢哪一条领带？,Whichtiedoyoulikebest,特殊疑问句变成陈述语序连接词就是疑问词本身,Iwonder,Iwonder,ATTENTION,whichtieyoulikebest?,.,3.由连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which和连接副词when,where,why,how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如：Doyouknowwho(whom)theyarewaitingfor?Heaskedwhosehandwritingwasthebest.CanyoutellmewheretheNo.3busstopis?Idontknowwhythetrainislate.,练一练,Whatisthis?Whatareyoudoing?Wheredoyoulive?Whendoeshegetup?Howdidyougotowork?Whowillyouplaywith?,用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语句:1.Doyouknow2.Iwanttoknow3.Canyoutellme4.Themanasked,.,1.当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可以根据句子的意思来使用需要的任何一种时态。e.gIhear(that)TomhasbeentoGuilintwice.Ihear(that)shewillcometomorrow.Ihear(that)Jimwenttoworkanhourago.Ihear(that)heisinterestedinEnglish.,宾语从句的时态的变化,.,四.宾语从句中时态的变化,填一填,was,is,willcook,issinging,hasbeen,wasplaying,hadlearned,1.当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可以根据句子的需要使用任何一种时态。（需要性原则）,.,2.当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态，从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。e.gHesaid(that)hewouldgotoXian.Hesaid(that)hewasillyesterday.Hesaid(that)hewasreadingabook.Hesaid(that)hehadhadsupperalready.3.当宾语从句说明的是客观存在的事实或者是客观存在的真理时，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍是用一般现在时态。e.gHesaidthatthesunismuchbiggerthanthemoon.Theteachertoldthestudentsthatnonewsisgoodnews.ThePEteachersaidthatdoingmorningexerciseisusefultoourhealth.,.,2.当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态，从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。（呼应性原则）,1)HewillgotoHongKong.2)Heissick.3)Heisreadingabook.4)Hehasfinishedhiswork.,1)HetoHongKong.,2)Hesick.3)Heabook.4)He,辨一辨,wouldgo,was,wasreading,hiswork.,hadfinished,.,确定从句的时态(根据主句时态),主句时态,从句时态,连接前,连接后,一般现在时,时态保持不变,一般过去时,一般现在时,一般过去时,一般过去时,过去完成时,一般将来时,过去将来时,现在进行时,过去进行时,现在完成时,过去完成时,.,宾语从句三要素,that（陈述句）,ifwhether（一般疑问句）,特殊疑问词（特殊疑问句),主句为一般现在时从句可为任何时态,语序,宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序,客观真理自然现象公式定理名言警句时态不变,七.本课小结,.,.Findoutthemistakesandcorrectthem.1Couldyoutellmewheredotheylive?2SheknewthatDannyisastudent.3Hetoldmethatwinterwascolderthanautumn.4Doyouknowwhocaritis?,找错误,was,is,whose,.,II.改错：,1.MissZhangaskedmewhywasIlateforschool.,_,MissZhangaskedmewhyIwaslateforschool.,2.Fathertoldmethesunalwaysroseintheeast.,_,Fathertoldmethesunalwaysrisesintheeast.,3.Hedoesntknowthatwhenshecancomeback.,_,Hedoesntknowwhenshecancomeback.,.,直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系,三、人称的变化1.从句的主语如果是第一人称，变为宾语从句则与主句的主语一致；如果是第二人称，则与主句的宾语一致；如果是第三人称，不用变化。如：“IwasborninZhangjiajie.”Hesaid.HesaidthathewasborninZhangjiajie.“Youmustgivememypen.”hetoldme-HetoldmethatImustgivehimhispen.“Theygotothepark.”shesaid.-Shesaidthattheywenttothepark.,一随主二随宾第三人称不变化,.,直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系,三、标点的使用2.宾语从句的标点均由主句决定。主句是陈述句，用句号；主句是疑问句，用问号。“Whoareyou?”Canyoutellme?Canyoutellmewhoyouare?“Hissistergoestothepark.”hesaid.-Hesaidthathissisterwenttothepark.,.,将下列句子合并为一句:1.Wheredotheystopontheway?Iasked.2.Whatwillyousayatthemeeting?Couldyoutellme?3.Dotheyliketomakefriendswithus?Heasked.4.“Iamdoingmyhomework.”Hesaid.5.“Iwillcomeback.”Tomsaid.,Iaskedwheretheystoppedontheway.,Couldyoutellmewhatyouwillsayatthemeeting?,Heaskediftheylikedtomakefriendswiththem.,Hesaidthathewasdoinghishomework.,Tomsaidthathewouldcomeback.,.,6.“Ishedoinghishomework?”Jimasked.7.“Whenwillhecomeback?”Tomasked.8.“HowcanIgettothestation?”Couldyoutellme?9.“Whyisthetrainlate?”Wouldyoutellme?10.“WhereisTom?”Theyasked.,Tomaskedwhenhewouldcomeback.,CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothestation?,Wouldyoutellmewhythetrainislate?,TheyaskedwhereTomwas.,Jimaskedifhewasdoinghishomework.,.,“Whyisthetrainlate?”Wouldyoutellme?2.“WhereisTom?”Theyasked.3.“Doyouknowhertelephonenumber？”Heaskedme.HeaskedmeifIknowhertelephonenumber.Doyouknow？Wheredoeshelive？Doyouknowwherehelives？,Wouldyoutellmewhythetrainislate?,TheyaskedwhereTomwas.,.,将下列句子合并为一句:1.“Iamdoingmyhomework.”Hesaid.2.“Iwillcomeback.”Tomsaid.3.“Icanfinishmyworkbeforesupper.”Hesaid.Hesaidthathecouldfinishhisworkbeforesupper.,Hesaidthathewasdoinghishomework.,Tomsaidthathewouldcomeback.,.,直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系,一般疑问句变为if(whether)引导的宾语从句,Sheasked,“Doyouoftencomeheretoreadnewspaper?”“WilltheygotovisittheGreatWall?”heasked.,Sheaskedif(whether)Ioftencameheretoreadnewspaper.,Heaskedif(whether)theywouldgovisittheGreatWall.,如果从句是一般疑问句，引导词用if/whether；语序变为陈述语序。,.,1.WhatdidMikesay?Hesaid_.A.ifyouarefreethenextweekB.whatcolourwasitC.theweatherisfineD.summercomesafterspring2.Letmetellyou_.A.howmuchisthecarB.howmuchdoesthecarcostC.howmuchdidIpayforthecarD.howmuchIspentonthecar3.Peterknew_.A.whetherhehasfinishedreadingthebookB.whytheboyhadsomanyquestionsC.therewere12monthsinayearD.whentheywillleaveforParis,.,4.Couldyoutellme_?A.wheredoyouliveB.whoyouarewaitingforC.whowereyouwaitingforD.whereyoulivein5.Shetoldmethesun_intheeast.A.riseB.roseC.risesD.hadrisen6.Idontknow_upsoearlylastSunday.A.whydidhegetC.whydoeshegetB.whyhegetsD.whyhegot,练一练,()1.MissGreendidnttellus_in2002.A.wheredoessheliveB.WhereshelivesC.wheredidsheliveD.whereshelived()2.Wouldyoupleasetellme_?A.whendidhecomehomeB.wherewouldheplayfootballC.ifhadheseenthefilmD.whyhedidntwatchthegame()3.Doyouknow_Icouldpasstheexam?A.thatB.whetherC.whatD.which()4.Iwanttoknow_.A.whatishisnameB.whatshisnameC.thathisnameisD.whathisnameis,D,D,B,D,()5.Idontknowwhen_.A.willthetrainleaveB.thetrainwillleaveC.wouldthetrainleaveD.thetrainleave()6.-Wedontknow_.-ItissaidthathewasborninSweden.A.whatheisB.ifheliveshereC.wherehecomesfromD.whichcountryishefrom()7.Doyouknow_duringthecomingsummerholiday?A.whatwillTomdoB.whatdidTomdoC.whatTomwilldoD.whatTomdid()8.Couldyoutellme_sheislookingfor?A.thatB.whoseC.whoD.which,B,C,C,C,1.Ihear(that)_.(一小时后他会回来）,hewillbebackinanhour,hemissedusverymuch,3.Theteachertoldus(that)_.（地球围着太阳转）,theearthmovesaroundthesun,2.Hesaid(that)_.(他非常想念我们）,完成句子,4.Iwanttoknow_.(他是否跟我们一起去公园),if(whether)hewillgototheparkwithus,55.Askhim_.(他是否能来),whether(if)hecancome,6.Pleasetellme_.(我们将什么时候开会)7.Canyoutellme_.(他在哪儿)8.Couldyoutellme_.(我该怎么去车站),whenwellhaveameeting,whereheis,howIcangettothestation,.,由if或whether引导的宾语从句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如：Iwanttoknowif(whether)helivesthere.Heaskedmewhether(if)Icouldhelphim.,.,注意一下情况只用whether，不用if。,1.whether引导的从句常可以与连词or或ornot直接连用。如：Letmeknowwhetheryoucancomeornot.Letmeknowifyoucancomeornot.2.当宾语从句提到句首时，只能用whether引导。如：Whetheritistrueornot,Icanttell.Ifitistrueornot,Icanttell.,.,3.whether可以引导带to的不定式。如：Idontknowwhethertoacceptorrefuse.Idontknowiftoacceptorrefuse.4.whether及其引导的成分可放于介词之后，作介词的宾语。如：IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeelings.IworryaboutifIhurtherfeelings.,.,If与whether的区别,Idontknow_hewillcomeornot.Idontcareof_heishandsome.Hewondered_tostayherethenextweek._hewillcomeisnotdecided.,与ornot连用只能用whether,介词后只能用whether,与todo不定式连用只能用whether,作主语只能用whether,.,1.WhatdidMikesay?Hesaid_.A.ifyouarefreethenextweekB.whatcolourwasitC.theweatherisfineD.summercomesafterspring2.Letmetellyou_.A.howmuchisthecarB.howmuchdoesthecarcostC.howmuchdidIpayforthecarD.howmuchIspentonthecar3.Peterknew_.A.whetherhehasfinishedreadingthebookB.whytheboyhadsomanyquestionsC.therewere12monthsinayearD.whentheywillleaveforParis,.,4.Couldyoutellme_?A.wheredoyouliveB.whoyouarewaitingforC.whowereyouwaitingforD.whereyoulivein5.Shetoldmethesun_intheeast.A.riseB.roseC.risesD.hadrisen6.Idontknow_upsoearlylastSunday.A.whydidhegetC.whydoeshegetB.whyhegetsD.whyhegot,.,7.Themanage