高考英语题型专题复习完整：完形填空技巧(ok)ppt课件

.,高考英语专题复习-完形填空解题技巧指导,.,完型填空试题主要特点：,1.通常从一篇250词左右，夹叙夹议的文章中设空15个，首句不挖空；,2.干扰项设计严密.一般情况下，四个选项的词性相同或属于同等或对等范畴，干扰项填入后在语法上并不存在错误，对考生有很大的迷惑作用；,3.突出语篇(语境)，强调应用，注重交际,4.大多富有积极的教育意义，给人以人生的启迪或是充满了生活情趣；,.,命题意图：在语篇层面上考查常用词汇的准确、得体的应用。,充分发掘上下文的语境（字里行间的信息词和信息句）,.,没有严格遵循答题步骤:很多考生一拿到完形填空题就急于选择答案，不认真分析通篇文章，单纯求快，忽略语篇理解，只看局部的词义辨析、搭配和语法结构。表面上解题速度挺快，但是这种见树不见林的做法只会影响解题的质量和效率。,为什么我们在这一题型上总是失分较多?,切记:一定要用2-3分钟时间先进行缺词阅读,弄清文章大意和基本脉络后再着手逐个填空.,.,2.不注意积累答题技巧:,a.忽略文章首句的提示作用；,b.忽略文章中上下文之间的照应关系;,c.遇到长句不注意分析句子结构,在语义模糊时抱碰运气的心理随意作出选择.,.,3.时间安排不当:在几个选项上过分纠缠，追求完美，导致许多本可以做出的题来不及做。,切记:正确的做法是由易到难，先做会做的，再考虑较难的。强烈推荐：如尚有几题题目不确定可将某题的可能的两项填入空格,然后快速地整句整段地默读,选择某一项习惯或短语或动宾搭配读起来较流畅的.,.,细读首句,跳过空格，通读全文，把握大意,再读全文，反复检查,结合选项，综合考虑，初定答案,瞻前顾后，先易后难，个个击破,正确的完形填空的解题步骤,把握整体,具体分析,.,细读文章的第一句话,高考完形填空选文的第一句话通常是完整的。该句往往就是主题句（TopicSentence），这就为我们理解文章的内在联系提供了一个“窗口”，它的句意往往为全文提供中心信息，能直接概括全文大意、揭示主题。充分重视首句的标示作用，利用它为解题找到一个突破口，据此展开思维，争取开局胜利。,.,对于叙事，描述类文章。短文的首句，往往点明故事发生的人物(who),时间（when），地点(where)，和事件(what)等背景情况。例：Itwasabusymorning，about8:30,whenanelderlygentlemaninhis80scametothehospital.2010全国卷（I）,.,对于论述文，首句表明了论述的主题。起到揭示主题的作用。例如：Amanwhoknowshowtowriteapersonalletterhasaverypowerfultool.Alettercanbeenjoyed,readand21.2010全国卷（II）,.,词汇题,高考完形填空考什么？,篇章结构(语境),句际关系,结合选项,.,1.复现,词汇题,.,1.(2010北京卷)Mrs.Neidlwouldaskmeformy37.ShewantedtoknowhowIthoughtShebelievedIhadopinions,soIbeganto.37.A.opinionB.impressionC.informationD.intention,opinions,语境-原词重现,.,2.(2010陕西卷）Ihadsome28inmypocker,butIwouldnotgivethemtohim,thinkingtomyselfhewould29（only）usethemoneytofeedhisaddictiontodrugsoralcohol.28.A.chocolatesB.coinsC.tinsD.drugs,语境-同义词、近义词复现,.,2.词语的习惯用法和固定搭配,.,3.（2010全国I)Thenursehadhimtakea36inthewaitingarea,37(telling)himitwouldbeatleast40minutes38(before)someonewouldbeabletoseehim.36A.breathB.testC.seatD.break,语境-固定搭配,takea36,.,3.根据词汇的意义及用法辨析词义,.,4.(2010江苏卷)Myfather36metoherwiththesewords:“Iwouldlikeyoutomeetthefellowwhois36.A.rushedB.sentC.carriedD.introduced,5.(2010全国I）Thehappiestpeopledont53(necessarily)havethebestofeverything；theyjust54thebestofeverythingtheyhave.54A.learnBmakeC.favorD.try,语境-词义辨析,36meto,just54thebestof,语境-词义辨析,.,4.根据生活常识及文化背景知识进行选择,.,6.ImademysandwichthatafternoonwhilewaitingforCassie.39thebutter-creamgavemeanidea.A.SpreadingB.BoilingC.BakingD.Holding,生活常识,常识、背景知识,7.(2010福建)BorninAmerica,IspokeEnglishnotChinese，thelanguageofmyancestors.WhenIwasthree.myparentsflashedcardswithChinese36atmyface,butIpusedthem37(aside),36.A.custornB.gamesC.charactersD.language,.,1.语法手段,2.逻辑手段,句际关系,1.语法手段,.,8.（2010陕西卷）Ithen32（realized）Ihadnorighttoplacemyselfabove33justbecausehewasbusking.33.A.itB.allC.himD.them,语法-指代,.,9.（2010天津卷）“Asapoliceman,Isaw27therewasviolence,drugswerealwaysbehindit.Theyhaveadamaging28(impact)onthekids.”27.A.whereB.unlessC.asD.whether,语法-句型,.,逻辑手段,2.逻辑手段,让步关系,转折关系,因果关系,解释关系,顺序关系,并列关系,.,10.（2010江苏卷)Thenshelookedatmyfatherandreplied,“Youare40(wrong).Thisisnottheworstboyatall,41thesmartestonewhohasntyetfoundanoutlet（释放的途径）forhisenthusiasm.”41.A.butB.soC.andD.or,语境-转折关系、搭配,thesmartest,.,11.（2010湖南卷)Beanisawhitedog,quitehandsomeandvery38.38.A.smartB.sweetC.slowD.shy,语境-同类并列关系,.,12.（2010安徽卷)Firstofall,apenshouldfitcomfortablyinyourhand,.Thenthewritingpointofthepen52,thepenshouldmakeathick,darkline.52.A.MeanwhileB.GenerallyC.AfterwardsD.Finally,语境-顺序关系,.,小结：完型填空考查内容,原词复现,同义.近义复现,指代,句型,并列关系,转折关系,让步关系,解释关系,语法项目,顺序关系,因果关系,词汇手段,语法手段,逻辑手段,语篇信息（语境理解）,.,Problemsolvingstrategies,注意上下文语境（context),解题过程中应做到,.,实战演练,.,Onceuponatimethecolorsoftheworldstartedtoquarrel.,细读首句，找出相关信息,1.叙事文,故事发生的时间，人物、事件等背景情况。,.,Keytotheclozetest,41-45:DCCDB,36-40:DACBA,46-50:ACBAD,51-55:DDCBA,.,Onceuponatimethecolorsoftheworldstartedtoquarrel.Greensaid,ClearlyIamthemostimportant.Iamthesignoflifeandhope.Iwaschosenforgrass,treesandleaves.Withoutme,allanimalswould36.Blueinterrupted,Youonlythinkaboutthe37,butconsidertheskyandthesea.38thewaterthatisthebasisoflifeanddrawnupbythecloudsfromthedeepseaWithoutmypeace,youwouldallbe39.Yellowchuckled（笑道）,Youareallsoserious.Ibringlaughter,fun,and_40_intotheworld,36.A.stayB.leaveC.gooutD.die37.A.earthB.moonC.starD.sun38A.ThatisB.IamC.ItisD.Thisis39A.anythingB.nothingC.somethingD.Everything40A.warmthB.sadnessC.depressionD.anxiety,语境-词义,语境-转折.对比.排除,语法-强调句,语境-词义,语境-同类并列,.,Orangestartednexttoblowhertrumpet,Iamthecolorofhealthandstrength.Imaybe41,butIampreciousforIservetheneedsofhumanlife.WhenIfillthesky42,mybeautyissostrikingthatnoonegivesanother43toanyofyou.”Redcouldstandit44andheshoutedout,Iamtherulerofallofyou.Iamthecolorofdangerandofbravery.Iamwillingto45truth.Iamalsothecolorofpassionandoflove.,41.A.usualB.normalC.commonD.scarce42A.atmidnightB.atnoonoratnightC.atsunriseorsunsetD.duringtheday43A.giftB.honorC.thoughtD.respect44A.formoreB.anymoreC.verymuchD.nolonger45A.turntoB.fightforC.strugglewithD.bendover,语境-转折对比,语境-常识,语境-搭配,语境-搭配,语境-词义,givesanother,43to,couldstandit44,.,ThencamePurpleandIndigo（深蓝）.Thecolorswentonboasting,eachconvincedofhisorherown_46_.Theirquarrelingbecamelouderandlouder.Suddenlytherewasastartlingflashofbrightlighteningthunder.Rainstartedtopourdown_47_.Thecolorscrouched(蜷缩)down_48_,drawingclosetooneanotherforcomfort.Inthemidstoftheclamor（叫嚷）,rainbegantospeak,“Youfoolishcolors,fighting49yourselves,eachtryingtodominate（支配）50.,46A.superiorityB.disadvantagesC.inferiorityD.weakness47.A.gentlyB.quietlyC.violentlyD.peacefully48A.withcareB.infearC.bychanceD.onpurpose49A.amongB.byC.forD.against50A.othersB.themselvesC.theotherD.therest,语境-近义词再现,语境-词义.常识,语境-词义,语境-搭配,语境-词义辨析,.,Dontyouknowthatyouwereeachmadefo